A measuring device for measuring the amount of herbaceous layer and litter layer retained.

Abstract

This invention provides a measuring device for measuring the amount of water retained by the herbaceous and litter layers. The device includes a collection structure, a drainage component, a collection box, and a liquid sampling component. The collection structure includes multiple collection channels, at least two of which extend in different directions. The drainage component is connected to the collection structure. The drainage component has a drainage channel, and the multiple collection channels are respectively connected to the drainage channel. The collection box is located at the end of the drainage component away from the collection structure and is connected to the drainage channel. The liquid sampling component can pass through the collection structure and the drainage channel and extend into the collection box to extract the liquid inside the collection box. This device can obtain the amount of water that has passed through the herbaceous and litter layers in situ, achieving in-situ, non-destructive measurement. Compared with related technologies that require complex simulation experiments involving transplanting turf indoors, this device achieves low-interference and long-term in-situ monitoring of the forest surface.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of measuring device technology, and in particular to a measuring device for measuring the amount of herbaceous layer and litter layer retained. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, when determining the water retention capacity of the understory herbaceous layer and litter layer, relevant technologies generally employ methods such as immersion, wiping, and water balance. During measurement, vegetation or litter samples are typically placed in a specific device to simulate or directly contact with water, and then their water holding or retention capacity is calculated by weighing or volume measurement.

[0003] However, the aforementioned methods are mainly designed for indoor environments or destructive sampling methods. In actual field applications, in-situ measurement is difficult and complex, making large-scale application in field research challenging. Moreover, the measured interception levels do not match the actual field conditions and cannot reflect the true hydrological processes under natural conditions. Utility Model Content

[0004] This invention provides a measuring device for measuring the amount of herbaceous layer and litter layer retained, in order to solve the problems in the prior art where in-situ measurement of the amount of herbaceous layer and litter layer retained is difficult and the measured amount of retained does not match the actual situation in the field.

[0005] This utility model provides a measuring device for measuring the amount of herbaceous layer and litter layer retained, comprising: A collection structure comprising a plurality of collection channels, wherein at least two of the plurality of collection channels extend in different directions; A flow-guiding component is connected to the collection structure, and the flow-guiding component is provided with a flow-guiding channel, and the plurality of flow-collecting slots are respectively connected to the flow-guiding channel; A collection box is located at the end of the drainage component away from the collection structure and is connected to the drainage channel; The liquid extraction component is capable of passing through the collection structure and the drainage channel respectively, and extending into the collection box to extract the liquid in the collection box.

[0006] According to the present invention, a measuring device for measuring the amount of herbaceous layer and litter layer intercepted is provided, wherein at least one of the collection channels is provided with a guide surface, and one end of the guide surface near the diversion component extends obliquely toward the side where the collection box is located.

[0007] According to the present invention, a measuring device for measuring the amount of herbaceous layer and litter layer retained is provided, wherein the angle between the guide surface and the horizontal plane is α, wherein 3°≤α≤5°.

[0008] According to the present invention, a measuring device for measuring the amount of herbaceous layer and litter layer intercepted is provided, wherein the plurality of collecting channels include a first collecting channel, a second collecting channel, a third collecting channel and a fourth collecting channel, the first collecting channel extends along a first direction, the second collecting channel extends along a second direction, the third collecting channel is disposed opposite to the first collecting channel, and the fourth collecting channel is disposed opposite to the second collecting channel; Wherein, the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular.

[0009] According to the present invention, a measuring device for measuring the amount of herbaceous layer and litter layer retained, the collection structure further includes: The confluence channel has multiple confluence channels located on its outer periphery, and each confluence channel is connected to the drainage channel through the confluence channel.

[0010] According to the present invention, a measuring device for measuring the amount of herbaceous layer and litter layer retained is provided, the measuring device further comprising: A baffle is provided on the side of the collection structure opposite to the collector box.

[0011] According to the present invention, a measuring device for measuring the amount of herbaceous layer and litter layer retained is provided, wherein the drainage component includes: A drainage tube, one end of which is connected to the collection structure and the other end of which is connected to the collection box, and the drainage tube is provided with the drainage channel; A switching valve is located between the drainage pipe and the collection box, and is used to control the opening or closing of the drainage channel and the collection box.

[0012] According to the present invention, a measuring device for measuring the amount of herbaceous layer and litter layer retained is provided, wherein the switching valve includes an elastic valve plate, the first end of the elastic valve plate is connected to the drainage tube, and the second end of the elastic valve plate is movable relative to the drainage tube between a first position and a second position; When the elastic valve plate is in the first position, the second end of the elastic valve plate forms an opening with the inner wall of the drainage pipe, and the drainage channel communicates with the collection box through the opening; when the elastic valve plate is in the second position, the second end of the elastic valve plate contacts the inner wall of the drainage pipe, and the drainage channel is cut off from the collection box.

[0013] According to the present invention, a measuring device for measuring the interception of herbaceous layer and litter layer is provided, wherein the collecting box is constructed in the shape of a cone, the bottom surface of the cone is provided with a water inlet, and the water inlet is connected to the drainage channel; and / or At least a portion of the collector box is configured as a light-transmitting element.

[0014] According to the present invention, a measuring device for measuring the amount of herbaceous layer and litter layer retained is provided, wherein the liquid sampling component includes: A liquid-collecting device, comprising a liquid-collecting cylinder and a piston rod, wherein the piston rod is movably disposed within the liquid-collecting cylinder; A connecting tube, one end of which is connected to the liquid collection cylinder, and the other end of which can pass through the collection structure and the drainage channel respectively, and extend into the collection box.

[0015] This invention provides a measuring device for measuring the interception amount of herbaceous and litter layers. At the beginning of the growing season or before observation is required, the device is buried at a predetermined observation point in the forest floor. After natural precipitation, rainwater penetrating the herbaceous and litter layers is collected through multiple collection channels, and the rainwater flows into a collection box for storage along the drainage channel. After a precipitation event, the rainwater stored in the collection box is retrieved through a liquid extraction component for measuring the interception amount. This method allows for in-situ acquisition of the amount of water penetrating through the herbaceous and litter layers, achieving in-situ, non-destructive measurement. Compared to complex simulation experiments in related technologies that require transplanting turf indoors, this method achieves low-interference and long-term in-situ monitoring of the forest surface, greatly reducing damage to the study plots and effectively preserving the original structure of the herbaceous and litter layers, making the measured interception data more consistent with real-world conditions. Moreover, the overall structure of the measuring device is simple, which helps reduce the difficulty and cost of field operations. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the measuring device provided by this utility model.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the collection structure provided by this utility model.

[0019] Figure 3 This is an exploded view of the liquid extraction component provided by this utility model.

[0020] Figure label: 1: Measuring device; 10: Collection structure; 11: Flow collecting trough; 112: Guide surface; 12: First flow collecting trough; 13: Second flow collecting trough; 14: Third flow collecting trough; 15: Fourth flow collecting trough; 16: Merging trough; 20: Drainage assembly; 22: Drainage channel; 24: Drainage pipe; 26: Switch valve; 262: Elastic valve plate; 30: Flow collecting box; 40: Liquid taking assembly; 42: Liquid taking part; 422: Liquid taking cylinder; 424: Piston rod; 44: Connecting pipe; 50: Baffle; X: First direction; Y: Second direction. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this utility model.

[0022] Currently, in forest ecohydrological research, methods such as immersion, wiping, and water balance are generally used to determine the interception of understory herbaceous and litter layers.

[0023] Specifically, for water collection by means of overall immersion or manual wiping, this method can ideally obtain the maximum water holding capacity of the sample, rather than the actual interception amount during natural precipitation in the field. The measured interception amount does not match the actual situation in the field and cannot reflect the real hydrological process under natural conditions.

[0024] Moreover, the immersion method typically requires removing herbaceous or litter samples from their original growth environment and soaking them in a container until saturated. This process disrupts the original structure and spatial distribution of vegetation and litter, making long-term, continuous, and low-interference in-situ monitoring impossible.

[0025] In addition, when using the water balance method to measure the interception of herbaceous and litter layers, it is usually necessary to conduct simulation experiments by transplanting turf indoors. This process is complex, costly, and difficult to apply on a large scale in field research, and it also causes significant disturbance to the original ecosystem.

[0026] Based on this, this invention proposes a measuring device for measuring the interception amount of herbaceous and litter layers. It can obtain the amount of water that has passed through the herbaceous and litter layers in situ, achieving in-situ, non-destructive measurement. Compared to related technologies that require complex simulation experiments involving transplanting turf indoors, this method achieves low-interference and long-term in-situ monitoring of the forest surface, greatly reducing damage to the study plots and effectively preserving the original structure of the herbaceous and litter layers. This makes the measured interception data more consistent with real-world conditions in the field. Furthermore, the overall structure of the measuring device is simple, which helps reduce the difficulty and cost of field operations.

[0027] The following is combined with Figures 1 to 3 This invention describes a measuring device 1 for measuring the amount of herbaceous layer and litter layer retained.

[0028] like Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, this embodiment provides a measuring device 1 for measuring the amount of herbaceous layer and litter layer retained. The measuring device 1 includes a collection structure 10, a drainage assembly 20, a collection box 30, and a liquid extraction assembly 40. The collection structure 10 includes multiple collection channels 11, at least two of which have different extending directions. The drainage assembly 20 is connected to the collection structure 10. The drainage assembly 20 is provided with a drainage channel 22, and the multiple collection channels 11 are respectively connected to the drainage channel 22. The collection box 30 is located at the end of the drainage assembly 20 away from the collection structure 10 and is connected to the drainage channel 22. The liquid extraction assembly 40 can pass through the collection structure 10 and the drainage channel 22 respectively and extend into the collection box 30 to extract the liquid in the collection box 30.

[0029] The measuring device 1 used in this embodiment to measure the interception amount of herbaceous layer and litter layer is buried at a predetermined observation point under the forest canopy at the beginning of the growing season or before observation is required. After natural precipitation occurs, rainwater penetrating the herbaceous layer and litter layer is collected through multiple collection channels 11, and the rainwater flows into the collection box 30 for storage along the drainage channel 22. After a precipitation event ends, the rainwater stored in the collection box 30 is taken out through the liquid extraction component 40 for measurement of the interception amount.

[0030] This method allows for in-situ acquisition of the water penetration after it has passed through the herbaceous and litter layers, achieving in-situ, non-destructive measurement. Compared to complex simulation experiments in related technologies that require transplanting turf indoors, this method enables low-disturbance and long-term in-situ monitoring of the forest surface, significantly reducing damage to the study plots and effectively preserving the original structure of the herbaceous and litter layers. This makes the measured interception data more consistent with real-world conditions in the field. Furthermore, the overall structure of the measuring device 1 is simple, which helps reduce the difficulty and cost of field operations.

[0031] Furthermore, since at least two of the multiple collection channels 11 extend in different directions, the overall water collection range of the collection structure 10 can be increased, which is beneficial to improving the accuracy of the measurement results.

[0032] Optionally, the number of collection channels 11 can be 2, 3, 4 or 5.

[0033] Optionally, the collection structure 10 is an integrated structure.

[0034] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 As shown, at least one flow collection trough 11 is provided with a flow guiding surface 112. The end of the flow guiding surface 112 near the flow guiding assembly 20 extends obliquely toward the side where the flow collection box 30 is located.

[0035] Understandably, after collecting rainwater that penetrates the herbaceous and litter layers, the multiple collection troughs 11 converge into the drainage channel 22 and then flow into the collection box 30 for storage. By providing a guide surface 112 on at least one collection trough 11, with the end of the guide surface 112 extending downwards near the drainage component 20, smooth water collection can be ensured, allowing the rainwater collected by the collection troughs 11 to quickly and as much as possible converge into the drainage channel 22, which helps to further improve the accuracy and reliability of the interception measurement data.

[0036] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 As shown, the angle between the guide surface 112 and the horizontal plane is α, where 3°≤α≤5°.

[0037] In this embodiment, the tilt angle of the guide surface 112 is defined. Specifically, the tilt angle of the guide surface 112 is between 3° and 5°, which can ensure smooth water flow while being suitable for large-scale application in field research.

[0038] Understandably, if the tilt angle of the guide surface 112 is too small, i.e. less than 3°, the tilt angle of the guide surface 112 will not be obvious and will not play an effective guiding role. If the tilt angle of the guide surface 112 is too large, i.e. greater than 5°, it will increase the material used in the collection structure 10 and increase the cost of the measuring device 1, making it difficult to apply on a large scale in field research.

[0039] In some embodiments, such as Figure 2 As shown, the plurality of flow collection channels 11 include a first flow collection channel 12, a second flow collection channel 13, a third flow collection channel 14, and a fourth flow collection channel 15. The first flow collection channel 12 extends along a first direction X, the second flow collection channel 13 extends along a second direction Y, the third flow collection channel 14 is disposed opposite to the first flow collection channel 12, and the fourth flow collection channel 15 is disposed opposite to the second flow collection channel 13. The first direction X and the second direction Y are perpendicular.

[0040] In other words, the collection structure 10 is formed into a cross-shaped water-receiving structure, which can further increase the overall water-receiving range of the collection structure 10, which is conducive to improving the accuracy and reliability of the measurement results.

[0041] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the collection structure 10 also includes a confluence channel 16. Multiple confluence channels 11 are located on the outer periphery of the confluence channel 16, and the multiple confluence channels 11 are connected to the drainage channel 22 through the confluence channel 16.

[0042] In this embodiment, multiple collection troughs 11 collect rainwater that penetrates the herbaceous and litter layers, then converge it through a confluence trough 16 before flowing into a collection box 30 for storage via a drainage channel 22. Since the confluence trough 16 is located in the middle of the multiple collection troughs 11, it facilitates the convergence of rainwater collected by the multiple collection troughs 11.

[0043] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 As shown, the measuring device 1 also includes a baffle 50. The baffle 50 is located on the side of the collecting structure 10 away from the collector box 30.

[0044] By setting up a barrier net 50, debris such as fallen leaves can be blocked, preventing them from clogging the measuring device 1 and ensuring that the measuring device 1 can effectively measure the amount of herbaceous and fallen leaves retained, thus ensuring the stability of the measuring device 1.

[0045] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 As shown, the drainage assembly 20 includes a drainage pipe 24 and a switching valve 26. One end of the drainage pipe 24 is connected to the collecting structure 10, and the other end of the drainage pipe 24 is connected to the collecting box 30. The drainage pipe 24 is provided with a drainage channel 22. The switching valve 26 is located between the drainage pipe 24 and the collecting box 30, and is used to control the opening or closing of the drainage channel 22 and the collecting box 30.

[0046] Specifically, multiple collection troughs 11 collect rainwater that penetrates the herbaceous and litter layers and then converge into the drainage channel 22. The switch valve 26 is opened, and since the drainage channel 22 is connected to the collection box 30, the rainwater flows through the drainage channel 22 into the collection box 30 for storage. When the rainwater enters the collection box 30, the switch valve 26 is closed, realizing one-way sealed storage of water, effectively preventing the evaporation of water in the collection box 30, reducing the evaporation loss of collected water, and helping to improve the accuracy of measurement results.

[0047] Optionally, one end of the drainage tube 24 is sealed to the collection structure 10 to prevent leakage. The drainage tube 24 and the collection structure 10 can be sealed together using PVC (Polyvinyl Chloride) adhesive.

[0048] Optionally, the other end of the drainage tube 24 is sealed to the manifold 30.

[0049] In some embodiments, the switching valve 26 includes a resilient valve plate 262. A first end of the resilient valve plate 262 is connected to the drainage pipe 24, and a second end of the resilient valve plate 262 is movable relative to the drainage pipe 24 between a first position and a second position. Specifically, when the resilient valve plate 262 is in the first position, the second end of the resilient valve plate 262 forms an opening with the inner wall of the drainage pipe 24, and the drainage channel 22 communicates with the manifold 30 through the opening. When the resilient valve plate 262 is in the second position, the second end of the resilient valve plate 262 contacts the inner wall of the drainage pipe 24, and the drainage channel 22 is closed from the manifold 30.

[0050] In this embodiment, multiple collection troughs 11 collect rainwater that penetrates the herbaceous and litter layers, and then converge into the drainage channel 22. The collected water flows downward under the action of gravity, pushing the elastic valve plate 262 to a first position. The water then enters the collection box 30 through the opening for storage. After the collected water enters, the elastic valve plate 262 returns to its original position due to water pressure and material elasticity, i.e., it moves to a second position. The elastic valve plate 262 then contacts the inner wall of the drainage pipe 24 to seal the collection box 30.

[0051] The elastic valve plate 262 is formed into a one-way valve structure, which realizes one-way sealed storage of water and effectively prevents the evaporation of water in the manifold 30.

[0052] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 As shown, the collector box 30 is constructed in the shape of a cone, with a water inlet on the bottom surface of the cone, which is connected to the drainage channel 22; and / or at least a portion of the collector box 30 is constructed as a light-transmitting element.

[0053] Because the collection box 30 is a cone shape, and its inlet is located on the bottom surface of the cone, meaning it is an inverted cone with the apex pointing downwards, when rainwater is drawn from the collection box 30 by the liquid extraction component 40, the component can reach the bottom for extraction. This ensures that all water stored in the collection box 30 is completely extracted, greatly reducing residual water and achieving complete extraction and accurate measurement of stored water. This avoids large errors in measurement results due to excessive residual water, and further improves the accuracy of interception measurement data. Furthermore, designing the collection box 30 as a cone with the apex pointing downwards facilitates its insertion into the ground at forest observation points, enhancing the overall stability and reliability of the measuring device 1 during field measurements.

[0054] At least part of the manifold 30 is designed as a light-transmitting element, forming a viewing window or structure, so that the operator can easily observe the water level inside the manifold 30.

[0055] In some embodiments, such as Figure 3 As shown, the liquid collection assembly 40 includes a liquid collection element 42 and a connecting tube 44. The liquid collection element 42 includes a liquid collection cylinder 422 and a piston rod 424. The piston rod 424 is movably disposed inside the liquid collection cylinder 422. One end of the connecting tube 44 is connected to the liquid collection cylinder 422, and the other end of the connecting tube 44 can pass through the collection structure 10 and the drainage channel 22 respectively, and extend into the collection box 30.

[0056] Specifically, after a precipitation event, one end of the connecting pipe 44 is connected to the liquid collection cylinder 422, and the other end of the connecting pipe 44 passes through the collection structure 10 and the drainage channel 22 respectively, and then extends into the collection box 30. The piston rod 424 is controlled to move relative to the liquid collection cylinder 422 to achieve rapid extraction of water stored in the collection box 30. The structure is simple and easy to operate.

[0057] In one specific embodiment, at the beginning of the growing season or before observation is required, the measuring device 1 is buried at a predetermined observation point under the forest floor, ensuring that the water collection trough (collection structure 10) and the barrier grid (barrier net 50) are slightly higher than the ground surface by 3mm-5mm to prevent soil particles from entering and to ensure the stability of the device.

[0058] During rainfall, rainwater droplets penetrate into a cross-shaped water collection trough (collection structure 10), where they are blocked by a mesh screen (net 50) to catch debris such as fallen leaves. Guided by the sloping bottom of the trough (guide surface 112), the rainwater flows to the center (collection trough 16), and then flows downwards into the water inlet pipe (drainage pipe 24) under gravity, opening a one-way valve (switch valve 26) made of rubber sheet, and entering the inverted conical water tank (collection box 30) for storage. After water enters, the valve resets due to water pressure and material elasticity, effectively preventing water evaporation from the tank and achieving in-situ acquisition of the penetrating water after it has passed through the herbaceous and fallen leaf layers.

[0059] During measurement, an extraction device (liquid extraction assembly 40), consisting of a syringe (liquid extraction component 42) and a thin plastic tube (connecting tube 44), is used to extract all the water stored in the water tank and measure its volume. During extraction, the thin plastic tube touches the bottom of the cone tip of the inverted conical water tank (collection box 30) to ensure that the stored water can be completely extracted without residue. Combined with the known area of ​​the water receiving tank, the permeable water volume per unit area is calculated. Finally, the interception volume of the herbaceous layer and the litter layer is calculated using the water balance equation.

[0060] Specifically, the measuring device 1 includes a through water receiving device (collecting structure 10), a through water storage device (drainage assembly 20 and collection box 30), and a through water extraction device (liquid extraction assembly 40).

[0061] The water receiving trough (collection structure 10) consists of four rectangular troughs (collection troughs 11) each 100mm long and 5mm wide, and a central 5mm×5mm square trough (convergence trough 16), with a total water receiving area of ​​2025mm². 2 All rectangular troughs are designed with a bottom that slopes towards the central square trough (guide surface 112), with an inclination angle of 3-5 degrees to ensure smooth water flow. The water receiving trough (collection structure 10) is integrally injection molded from corrosion-resistant ABS (Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene, an engineering plastic) to ensure structural strength and dimensional stability.

[0062] Above the opening of the water tank, a stainless steel mesh barrier (mesh 50) is fixed, with a mesh size of 1mm×1mm, to effectively block debris such as fallen leaves.

[0063] The water inlet pipe (drainage pipe 24) is a 5mm×5mm×100mm rectangular tube. Its upper end is sealed to the bottom of the square groove in the center of the water receiving tank (collection structure 10) with PVC adhesive, and its lower end is sealed to the inlet at the top of the water tank (collection box 30). A one-way valve (switch valve 26) is installed at the lower end of the water inlet pipe. It is made of a 6mm×6mm, 0.5mm thick aging-resistant silicone rubber sheet (elastic valve plate 262). Its upper edge is fixed to the inner wall of the water inlet pipe port with corrosion-resistant epoxy resin, allowing water to flow into the water tank but preventing water vapor from escaping. The water tank is an inverted cone with a bottom radius of 100mm and a height of 100mm. The water inlet pipe (drainage pipe 24) is made of the same ABS material as the water receiving tank (collection structure 10).

[0064] The inverted conical water tank (collector 30) is made of transparent PVC material to facilitate observation of the water level. Its bottom radius is 100mm, the height of the cone is 100mm, and the wall thickness is 2mm.

[0065] One end of the thin plastic tube (connecting tube 44) is tightly fitted to the opening of the thick needle tube (liquid extraction device 42), and the other end can extend into the bottom of the water tank (collection box 30) through the water receiving tank (collection structure 10) and the water inlet tube (drainage tube 24). By pulling the piston (piston rod 424) of the thick needle tube, all the water stored in the water tank is drawn into the needle tube through the thin plastic tube. The water volume is then transferred to a measuring instrument such as a graduated cylinder, and the volume L (mm³) is read and recorded. 3 The thick needle is a standard 50mL thick needle, and the thin plastic tube has an inner diameter of 4mm and an outer diameter of 6mm. The thin plastic tube is a transparent PVC tube.

[0066] The throughflow water volume A (mm) was calculated using the formula A=L / 2025, and then combined with the forest precipitation P and the interception volume of trees and shrubs obtained from synchronous observation.t Through the water balance equation I h =PI t -A accurately calculates the amount of herbaceous and litter layers retained.

[0067] This measuring device 1 provides precise data on the interception of herbaceous and litter layers, offering crucial data support for forest hydrological research and water conservation capacity assessment. Furthermore, the device has a simple structure, low material costs, is easy to promote, saves energy and raw materials, is environmentally friendly, reduces labor intensity, and enables long-term monitoring. In addition, in-situ measurement reduces human interference and systematic errors, improving the accuracy and continuity of the data.

[0068] Based on preliminary field comparison experiments, compared with the traditional indoor artificial rainfall method using turf transplantation, the interception data sequence measured using this device (measuring device 1) has high correlation and less data fluctuation, indicating that it can better reflect the natural state.

[0069] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this utility model, and not to limit it. Although this utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model.

Claims

1. A measuring device for measuring the amount of herbaceous layer and litter layer retained, characterized in that, include: A collection structure comprising a plurality of collection channels, wherein at least two of the plurality of collection channels extend in different directions; A flow-guiding component is connected to the collection structure, and the flow-guiding component is provided with a flow-guiding channel, and the plurality of flow-collecting slots are respectively connected to the flow-guiding channel; A collection box is located at the end of the drainage component away from the collection structure and is connected to the drainage channel; The liquid extraction component is capable of passing through the collection structure and the drainage channel respectively, and extending into the collection box to extract the liquid in the collection box.

2. The measuring device for measuring the amount of herbaceous layer and litter layer retained according to claim 1, characterized in that, At least one of the flow collection channels is provided with a flow guiding surface, and the end of the flow guiding surface near the flow guiding component extends obliquely toward the side where the flow collection box is located.

3. The measuring device for measuring the amount of herbaceous layer and litter layer retained according to claim 2, characterized in that, The angle between the guide surface and the horizontal plane is α, where 3°≤α≤5°.

4. The measuring device for measuring the amount of herbaceous layer and litter layer retained according to claim 1, characterized in that, The plurality of flow collection channels include a first flow collection channel, a second flow collection channel, a third flow collection channel and a fourth flow collection channel, wherein the first flow collection channel extends along a first direction, the second flow collection channel extends along a second direction, the third flow collection channel is disposed opposite to the first flow collection channel, and the fourth flow collection channel is disposed opposite to the second flow collection channel; Wherein, the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular.

5. The measuring device for measuring the amount of herbaceous layer and litter layer retained according to claim 1, characterized in that, The collection structure also includes: The confluence channel has multiple confluence channels located on its outer periphery, and each confluence channel is connected to the drainage channel through the confluence channel.

6. The measuring device for measuring the amount of herbaceous layer and litter layer retained according to claim 1, characterized in that, The measuring device further includes: A baffle is provided on the side of the collection structure opposite to the collector box.

7. The measuring apparatus for measuring the amount of herbaceous layer and litter layer retained according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The drainage component includes: A drainage tube, one end of which is connected to the collection structure and the other end of which is connected to the collection box, and the drainage tube is provided with the drainage channel; A switching valve is located between the drainage pipe and the collection box, and is used to control the opening or closing of the drainage channel and the collection box.

8. The measuring device for measuring the amount of herbaceous layer and litter layer retained according to claim 7, characterized in that, The switching valve includes a resilient valve plate, the first end of which is connected to the drainage tube, and the second end of which is movable relative to the drainage tube between a first position and a second position. When the elastic valve plate is in the first position, the second end of the elastic valve plate forms an opening with the inner wall of the drainage pipe, and the drainage channel communicates with the collection box through the opening; when the elastic valve plate is in the second position, the second end of the elastic valve plate contacts the inner wall of the drainage pipe, and the drainage channel is cut off from the collection box.

9. The measuring apparatus for measuring the amount of herbaceous layer and litter layer retained according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The collector box is constructed in the shape of a cone, and the bottom surface of the cone is provided with a water inlet, which is connected to the drainage channel; and / or At least a portion of the collector box is configured as a light-transmitting element.

10. The measuring apparatus for measuring the amount of herbaceous layer and litter layer retained according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The liquid extraction assembly includes: A liquid-collecting device, comprising a liquid-collecting cylinder and a piston rod, wherein the piston rod is movably disposed within the liquid-collecting cylinder; A connecting tube, one end of which is connected to the liquid collection cylinder, and the other end of which can pass through the collection structure and the drainage channel respectively, and extend into the collection box.

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