A combined step-type independent foundation

Abstract

The utility model relates to a combined step-shaped independent foundation, the foundation cushion layer and lower step are integrally poured and formed, the bottom rib net is implanted between the lower step and foundation cushion layer, the insertion slot for vertically inserting the upper step is arranged in the middle part of lower step, the bottom rib hole for exposing the middle part of bottom rib net is concentrically arranged in the bottom of insertion slot, the upper step is horizontally and oppositely buckled by first C-shaped piece and second C-shaped piece, the pouring groove is arranged in first C-shaped piece and second C-shaped piece, the upper step is inserted into the insertion slot, the middle part of bottom rib net is vertically welded with column insertion rib, the top of column insertion rib extends out of the top surface of upper step, the cast-in-situ block is poured in pouring groove. The prefabricated foundation cushion layer, lower step and upper step are set up, the bottom rib hole is arranged, the column insertion rib is conveniently welded on site, the bottom rib and column insertion rib are connected through cast-in-situ concrete, the pouring volume in pouring groove is small, solidification is fast, the cast-in-situ concrete is protected by lower step and upper step when solidifying into cast-in-situ block, and is not easy to be deformed by external impact.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of building engineering technology, and in particular to a combined stepped independent foundation. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of building engineering, stepped independent foundations are a common and important type of foundation, widely used in various buildings, and play a key role in effectively transferring the load of the superstructure to the foundation.

[0003] The construction process of traditional cast-in-place stepped independent foundations is extremely complex and technically demanding. After the foundation pad is constructed, precise layout work is required on the foundation pad, followed by welding of the bottom reinforcement mesh. After the bottom reinforcement mesh is welded, column dowel bars are welded to its center position, and measurements are taken using a total station.

[0004] After the reinforcement work is completed, formwork needs to be used to outline the lower and upper steps. The formwork installation must ensure accurate dimensions, as well as be secure and airtight.

[0005] The lower and upper steps need to be poured in layers. After the lower step is poured, the concrete must be thoroughly mixed with a vibrator, and the upper step can only be poured after 30 minutes. This waiting time needs to be precisely controlled based on various factors such as the initial setting time of the concrete and the ambient temperature. If the waiting time is too short, the concrete of the upper and lower steps will not bond tightly, easily forming construction joints and affecting the integrity of the foundation. If the waiting time is too long, the concrete of the lower step will have already begun to set, and the pouring of the concrete of the upper step will impact the lower step, causing damage to the concrete structure of the lower step.

[0006] Furthermore, during the entire pouring process, it is strictly forbidden to use heavy objects to impact the formwork, nor is it allowed to erect scaffolding on the suspended formwork. These requirements are often difficult to strictly implement in actual construction. The construction site environment is complex, and personnel and equipment are frequently moving around. Slight carelessness may damage the formwork, thereby affecting the quality of foundation construction.

[0007] In summary, the construction process of traditional cast-in-place stepped independent foundations is complicated, requires a high level of technical expertise from construction personnel, and is difficult to control in terms of quality. Problems in any link may affect the final quality of the foundation and thus threaten the safety of the entire building. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of this invention is to provide a combined stepped independent foundation to solve the aforementioned problems in the prior art.

[0009] The technical solution of this utility model to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows: A composite stepped independent foundation includes a precast foundation pad, a lower step, and an upper step. The foundation pad is integrally cast with the lower step from bottom to top. A bottom reinforcement mesh is embedded between the lower step and the foundation pad. A slot for vertical insertion into the upper step is opened in the middle of the lower step. Bottom reinforcement holes for exposing the middle part of the bottom reinforcement mesh are concentrically opened at the bottom of the slot. The upper step is formed by horizontally interlocking a first C-shaped block and a second C-shaped block. Casting grooves are opened in the first C-shaped block and the second C-shaped block corresponding to the bottom reinforcement holes. The bottom of the upper step is inserted into the slot. Column inserts are vertically welded in the middle of the bottom reinforcement mesh. The top of the column inserts vertically penetrates the casting groove and extends beyond the top surface of the upper step. A cast-in-place block flush with the top surface of the upper step is cast in the casting groove.

[0010] The beneficial effects of this utility model are: by prefabricating the foundation pad, lower step and upper step, and by opening the bottom reinforcement hole, it is convenient to weld the column reinforcement on site, and at the same time, the bottom reinforcement and column reinforcement can be connected by cast-in-place concrete. The volume of the pouring in the pouring trench is small and the solidification is fast. When the cast-in-place concrete solidifies into a cast-in-place block, it is protected by the lower step and upper step and is not easily deformed by external impact. Moreover, no formwork is required in the entire construction process of the stepped independent foundation, the construction steps are simple, and the quality of the stepped independent foundation is controllable.

[0011] Based on the above technical solution, the present invention can be further improved as follows.

[0012] Furthermore, the outer diameter of the slot bottom is larger than the diameter of the bottom rib hole, so that a U-shaped platform is formed between the two.

[0013] The further beneficial effects of adopting the above are: the platform is used to support the bottom of the upper step, avoiding the upper step from pressing directly on the bottom reinforcement mesh when it is inserted, which would cause cracks between the bottom reinforcement mesh and the lower step and foundation pad, resulting in damage to the precast integrated cast-in-place lower step and foundation pad structure and bringing safety hazards; at the same time, the platform can also be used as a foothold for technicians to weld column reinforcement bars, avoiding technicians from stepping directly on the bottom reinforcement mesh.

[0014] Furthermore, the slot is a frustum-shaped slot, and the slot corresponding to the bottom of the upper step is also frustum-shaped.

[0015] The further beneficial effect of adopting the above is that the frustum-shaped structure can be precisely positioned when inserted, aligning the upper and lower steps, and preventing relative rotation between the upper and lower steps.

[0016] Furthermore, the casting trough is a settling trough, with the upper diameter being larger than the lower diameter.

[0017] The further beneficial effect of adopting the above is that after the poured concrete has solidified, its own weight will cause the upper step to press firmly on the lower step. Combined with the bottom reinforcement mesh and column dowel bars in the cast-in-place concrete, the overall strength of the stepped independent foundation can be improved. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of a combined stepped independent foundation according to the present invention; Figure 2 This is a partial structural diagram of a combined stepped independent foundation according to this utility model. Figure 1 ; Figure 3 This is a partial structural diagram of a combined stepped independent foundation according to this utility model. Figure 2 ; Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of a combined stepped independent foundation according to the present invention; Figure 5 This is a top view of a combined stepped independent foundation according to the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the upper step of a combined stepped independent foundation according to this utility model.

[0019] The attached diagram lists the components represented by each number as follows: 1. Foundation pad; 2. Lower step; 21. Slot; 22. Bottom reinforcement hole; 23. Platform; 3. Upper step; 31. First C-shaped block; 32. Second C-shaped block; 33. Casting groove; 4. Bottom reinforcement mesh; 41. X-direction bottom reinforcement; 42. Y-direction bottom reinforcement; 5. Column insert reinforcement; 6. Cast-in-place block. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The principles and features of this utility model are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The examples given are only for explaining this utility model and are not intended to limit the scope of this utility model. Example 1

[0021] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, a combined stepped independent foundation includes a prefabricated foundation pad 1, a lower step 2, and an upper step 3. The foundation pad 1 is integrally cast with the lower step 2 from bottom to top. A bottom reinforcement mesh 4 is embedded between the lower step 2 and the foundation pad 1. A slot 21 for vertical insertion into the upper step 3 is opened in the middle of the lower step 2. Bottom holes 22 for exposing the middle of the bottom reinforcement mesh 4 are concentrically opened at the bottom of the slot 21. The upper step 3 is horizontally fastened by a first C-shaped block 31 and a second C-shaped block 32. A casting groove 33 is opened in the first C-shaped block 31 and the second C-shaped block 32 corresponding to the bottom reinforcement holes 22. The bottom of the upper step 3 is inserted into the slot 21. A column insert 5 is vertically welded in the middle of the bottom reinforcement mesh 4. The top of the column insert 5 extends vertically through the casting groove 33 and out of the top surface of the upper step 3. A cast-in-place block 6 flush with the top surface of the upper step 3 is cast in the casting groove 33.

[0022] After placing the foundation pad 1 flat in the designated position on the foundation, vertically weld the column reinforcing bars 5 to the middle of the bottom reinforcement mesh 4. Interlock the first C-shaped block 31 and the second C-shaped block 32 and place them into the lower step 2 along the slot 21. The slot 21 secures the first C-shaped block 31 and the second C-shaped block 32. Pour concrete into the pouring groove 33, filling the bottom reinforcement holes 22 and the pouring groove 33. After mixing evenly with a vibrator, level the surface with a scraper until the concrete surface is flush with the top surface of the upper step 3. Wait for the concrete to solidify to obtain the cast-in-place block 6 and the step. The stepped independent foundation consists of a precast foundation pad 1, a lower step 2, and an upper step 3. By opening bottom reinforcement holes 22, it is convenient to weld column reinforcement bars 5 on site. At the same time, the bottom reinforcement bars and column reinforcement bars 5 can be connected by cast-in-place concrete. The volume of the pouring in the pouring groove 33 is small and the solidification is fast. When the cast-in-place concrete solidifies into a cast-in-place block 6, it is protected by the lower step 2 and the upper step 3 and is not easily deformed by external impact. Moreover, no formwork is required during the construction of the stepped independent foundation. The construction steps are simple and the quality of the stepped independent foundation is controllable.

[0023] In practice, the foundation pad 1, the lower step 2, and the upper step 3 can be prefabricated in the construction shed at the construction site. Example 2

[0024] This embodiment is a further improvement on embodiment 1, as detailed below: The outer diameter of the bottom of the slot 21 is larger than the diameter of the bottom reinforcement hole 22, so that a U-shaped platform 23 is formed between the two. The platform 23 is used to support the bottom of the upper step 3, so as to prevent the upper step 3 from pressing directly on the bottom reinforcement mesh 4 when it is inserted, which would cause cracks between the bottom reinforcement mesh 4 and the lower step 2 and the foundation pad 1, resulting in damage to the precast integral cast-in-place structure of the lower step 2 and the foundation pad 1 and bringing safety hazards. At the same time, the platform 23 can also be used as a foothold for technicians to weld the column reinforcement 5, so as to prevent technicians from stepping directly on the bottom reinforcement mesh 4.

[0025] Slot 21 is a frustum-shaped slot, and the bottom of the upper step 3 is also frustum-shaped corresponding to slot 21. The frustum-shaped structure allows for precise positioning during insertion, aligning the upper step 3 and the lower step 2, and preventing relative rotation between the upper step 3 and the lower step 2.

[0026] The casting trough 33 is a settling trough with an upper diameter larger than a lower diameter. After the cast concrete has solidified, its own weight will cause the upper step 3 to press firmly against the lower step 2. Combined with the bottom reinforcement mesh 4 and column dowel bars 5 in the cast-in-place concrete, the overall strength of the stepped independent foundation can be improved. Example 3

[0027] This embodiment is a further improvement on any one of Embodiments 1 to 2, as detailed below: The vertical seam between the first C-shaped block 31 and the second C-shaped block 32 is Z-shaped. This prevents misalignment when the first C-shaped block 31 and the second C-shaped block 32 interlock, providing a good limiting effect.

[0028] The bottom reinforcement mesh 4 is composed of several X-direction bottom reinforcement bars 41 and Y-direction bottom reinforcement bars 42 welded together in a cross shape. This ensures that the stress in the bottom reinforcement mesh 4 is evenly distributed, preventing uneven stress and cracking in the stepped independent foundation later.

[0029] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A composite stepped independent foundation, characterized in that, The system includes a precast foundation pad (1), a lower step (2), and an upper step (3). The foundation pad (1) is integrally cast with the lower step (2) from bottom to top. A bottom reinforcement mesh (4) is embedded between the lower step (2) and the foundation pad (1). A slot (21) for vertical insertion into the upper step (3) is opened in the middle of the lower step (2). Bottom holes (22) for exposing the bottom reinforcement mesh (4) are concentrically opened at the bottom of the slot (21). The upper step (3) is composed of a first C-shaped block (31). The first C-shaped block (31) and the second C-shaped block (32) are horizontally fastened to each other. The first C-shaped block (31) and the second C-shaped block (32) are provided with casting grooves (33) corresponding to the bottom reinforcement holes (22). The bottom of the upper step (3) is inserted into the slot (21). The column insert (5) is vertically welded in the middle of the bottom reinforcement mesh (4). The top of the column insert (5) extends vertically through the casting groove (33) and out of the top surface of the upper step (3). A cast-in-place block (6) flush with the top surface of the upper step (3) is cast in the casting groove (33).

2. The combined stepped independent foundation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer diameter of the bottom of the slot (21) is larger than the diameter of the bottom rib hole (22) so that a U-shaped platform (23) is formed between the two.

3. The combined stepped independent foundation according to claim 2, characterized in that, The slot (21) is a frustum-shaped slot, and the bottom of the upper step (3) is set to a frustum shape corresponding to the slot (21).

4. The combined stepped independent foundation according to claim 3, characterized in that, The casting trough (33) is a settling trough with an upper diameter larger than a lower diameter.

5. The combined stepped independent foundation according to claim 4, characterized in that, The vertical joint between the first C-shaped block (31) and the second C-shaped block (32) is Z-shaped.

6. The combined stepped independent foundation according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The bottom reinforcement mesh (4) is made of several X-direction bottom reinforcements (41) and Y-direction bottom reinforcements (42) welded together in a cross shape.

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