A system for removing trace contaminants from water

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of water micro-pollutant removal treatment systems, belong to water treatment field, using the processing flow of "water intake pool adjustment, primary activated carbon preliminary adsorption, secondary activated carbon deep adsorption, sodium hypochlorite disinfection", cooperate with ultra-fine bubble regeneration component to carry out efficient regeneration to saturated activated carbon, can improve the total removal rate of conventional trace organic pollutants, regeneration time is reduced, energy consumption is reduced, solve the problems, such as insufficient adsorption performance of traditional adsorption process, unstable treatment effect, high cost and low regeneration efficiency, with efficient purification and economic environmental protection advantage, including water intake pool, primary activated carbon adsorption unit, secondary activated carbon adsorption unit, disinfection pool and effluent pool set in series in turn;Secondary activated carbon adsorption unit is provided with ultra-fine bubble regeneration component.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of water treatment technology, specifically relating to a system for removing trace pollutants from water. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of global industrialization and urbanization, the problem of trace organic pollutants in the aquatic environment has become increasingly prominent. These include persistent organic pollutants (POPs) and endocrine disruptors (EDCs). Although the concentrations are extremely low, they pose potential risks to ecosystems and human health due to their biotoxicity, environmental persistence, and bioaccumulation, and also challenge existing water quality monitoring and water treatment processes.

[0003] While biological treatment, advanced oxidation technology, membrane treatment technology, and adsorption methods are currently in use, they all have limitations: biological treatment is greatly affected by environmental factors and is difficult to degrade complex pollutants; advanced oxidation technology is costly and may not completely mineralize pollutants; membrane treatment technology has high initial investment and replacement costs, and is difficult to treat organic pollution in concentrated wastewater; in adsorption methods, traditional adsorbents are easily saturated and have high replacement costs, and their adsorption effect on complex pollutants is poor. Although activated carbon can improve adsorption efficiency and can be recycled through regeneration technology, traditional regeneration methods still suffer from high energy consumption and low efficiency. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a water trace pollutant removal and treatment system to solve the problems of low efficiency, high cost, poor adaptability, and difficult regeneration in existing biological treatment, advanced oxidation, membrane treatment, and adsorption methods for removing trace pollutants from water.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a water trace pollutant removal and treatment system, comprising an inlet tank, a primary activated carbon adsorption unit, a secondary activated carbon adsorption unit, a disinfection tank, and an outlet tank arranged in series.

[0006] The secondary activated carbon adsorption unit is equipped with an ultrafine bubble regeneration component.

[0007] Furthermore, the diameter of the ultrafine bubbles ranges from 1 to 1000 nanometers.

[0008] Furthermore, a portion of the wastewater discharged from the secondary activated carbon adsorption unit is returned to the inlet pool, while another portion of the wastewater discharged from the secondary activated carbon adsorption unit enters the disinfection pool.

[0009] Furthermore, sodium hypochlorite is added to the disinfection pool.

[0010] Furthermore, the regeneration time of the ultrafine bubbles is 15-30 minutes.

[0011] Furthermore, the pH value of the inlet tank and the primary activated carbon adsorption unit is set at 6.5-7.5, the pH value of the secondary activated carbon adsorption unit is set at 5.5-7.5, and the pH value in the disinfection tank is set at 7.0-8.0.

[0012] Furthermore, the temperatures of the water inlet tank, the primary activated carbon adsorption unit, the secondary activated carbon adsorption unit, and the disinfection tank are all set at 20-25℃.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0014] This water trace pollutant removal and treatment system adopts a treatment process of "inlet pool adjustment, primary activated carbon preliminary adsorption, secondary activated carbon deep adsorption, and sodium hypochlorite disinfection". It is equipped with an ultra-fine bubble regeneration component to efficiently regenerate saturated activated carbon, which can improve the total removal rate of conventional trace organic pollutants, shorten the regeneration time, and reduce energy consumption. It solves the problems of insufficient adsorption performance, unstable treatment effect, high cost and low regeneration efficiency of traditional adsorption processes, and has the advantages of high-efficiency purification and economic and environmental protection. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a system for removing and treating trace pollutants in water. Detailed Implementation

[0016] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the embodiments.

[0017] The following embodiments are used to illustrate the present invention, but should not be used to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. The conditions in the embodiments can be further adjusted according to specific conditions, and simple improvements to the method of the present invention under the premise of the concept of the present invention are all within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

[0018] Please see Figure 1 This utility model provides a water trace pollutant removal and treatment system, including an inlet tank, a primary activated carbon adsorption unit, a secondary activated carbon adsorption unit, a disinfection tank and an outlet tank arranged in series.

[0019] Inlet tank: It homogenizes the water quality and quantity of wastewater containing trace pollutants, and adjusts the pH and temperature of the wastewater; it provides stable water quality conditions for subsequent adsorption treatment, avoids the impact of water quality fluctuations on the treatment effect, and enhances the adaptability of the process to different water quality conditions.

[0020] Primary activated carbon adsorption unit: Under suitable temperature conditions, it performs preliminary adsorption treatment on wastewater after it has been conditioned in the inlet tank, removing some conventional trace organic pollutants; it can remove about 60%-70% of conventional trace organic pollutants such as phenols and benzene series compounds, reducing the concentration of pollutants in the wastewater, easing the treatment burden on the secondary adsorption unit, and improving the overall treatment efficiency.

[0021] The secondary activated carbon adsorption unit is designed as an integrated adsorption-regeneration tank, which integrates both the activated carbon adsorption zone and the ultra-fine bubble regeneration component. This eliminates the need to transport activated carbon between the two units, enabling in-situ switching between adsorption and regeneration.

[0022] When activated carbon adsorption saturation is detected (e.g., pollutant concentration in effluent exceeds the standard), the system automatically switches to regeneration mode: the inlet and outlet are closed, the ultrafine bubble generator is started, and ultrafine bubbles are pushed back into the activated carbon layer from the bottom of the adsorption zone through the air distribution pipe, making full contact with the saturated activated carbon. Utilizing the surface charge of the bubbles and the oxidation effect of hydroxyl radicals, the pollutants adsorbed on the surface of the activated carbon are decomposed in situ. Waste liquid and gas generated during the regeneration process are discharged through the drain and exhaust ports. After regeneration is completed, the ultrafine bubble generator is turned off, and the system switches back to adsorption mode. The adsorption function can be restored without moving the activated carbon.

[0023] The diameter of ultrafine bubbles ranges from 1 to 1000 nanometers (nm). Their extremely small size significantly increases their specific surface area, allowing for thorough contact with the activated carbon surface and accelerating the mass exchange process. The high surface charge of the bubbles enhances their interaction with pollutants and the activated carbon surface. Furthermore, ultrafine bubbles spontaneously generate hydroxyl radicals (…). Hydroxyl radicals are extremely powerful oxidants that can non-selectively attack and decompose almost all organic pollutants. During regeneration, hydroxyl radicals strongly decompose trace amounts of organic pollutants adsorbed on the surface of activated carbon, converting them into harmless substances such as carbon dioxide and water. This releases the adsorption sites of the activated carbon, restoring its adsorption capacity. Compared to traditional thermal regeneration processes, the regeneration time of activated carbon is shortened from about 4-6 hours to 15-30 minutes, and the regeneration efficiency is increased by about 8-24 times. High-temperature energy consumption is avoided, reducing energy consumption by about 60%-70%. Activated carbon can be reused ≥20 times due to non-thermal damage, extending its service life by about 5-8 times, significantly reducing operating costs. There is zero damage to the pore structure of activated carbon, and the adsorption performance recovery rate after regeneration reaches about 85% or more, reducing the amount of waste adsorbent to be disposed of and the environmental pressure, achieving both economic and environmental benefits.

[0024] Wastewater discharged from the secondary activated carbon adsorption unit can be returned to the inlet tank. The secondary activated carbon adsorption unit performs deep adsorption on the wastewater after the primary adsorption treatment to remove residual trace pollutants. At the same time, a dynamic circulation adsorption system is constructed through the circulation pipeline between the unit and the inlet tank, which returns part of the effluent to the front end of the previous adsorption stage, mixes it with the newly flowing wastewater, and then treats it again. By adjusting the reflux ratio, the dynamic circulation adsorption system can further improve the pollutant removal efficiency by about 10%-15%, achieving more efficient removal of trace pollutants of different concentrations and types, and avoiding resource waste and substandard treatment due to poor one-time treatment results.

[0025] Disinfection tank: Sodium hypochlorite is added to the wastewater after secondary adsorption treatment. On the one hand, it removes residual trace pollutants in the wastewater, and on the other hand, it kills pathogenic microorganisms. The sodium hypochlorite disinfection process kills residual pollutants and pathogenic microorganisms with a sterilization rate of up to 99.9%, ensuring that the effluent quality is stable and meets relevant discharge standards.

[0026] Effluent tank: Collects water that has been disinfected and meets standards for subsequent discharge or reuse; stores treated water that meets standards, providing a buffer space for final discharge or reuse, and ensuring the continuity of the water treatment process.

[0027] Operating procedure: Wastewater containing trace pollutants first enters the inlet tank, where water quality and quantity are homogenized, pH is adjusted to 6.5-7.5, and temperature is controlled at 20-25℃. This neutral, ambient temperature environment avoids the impact of extreme acidity or alkalinity on the subsequent activated carbon adsorption unit, ensuring stable activated carbon adsorption activity and reducing energy consumption.

[0028] The wastewater then flows into the primary activated carbon adsorption unit for preliminary adsorption. During this stage, the pH value is controlled at 6.5-7.5 and the temperature is maintained at 20-25℃. The temperature is consistent with that of the influent tank to avoid short-circuiting caused by changes in water flow density, ensuring the stable removal of about 60%-70% of conventional trace organic pollutants.

[0029] The pre-treated wastewater enters the secondary activated carbon adsorption unit for deep adsorption. Simultaneously, a portion of the effluent is recycled back to the primary adsorption unit via a circulation pipeline, creating a dynamic circulation system. This unit maintains a pH of 5.5-7.5 and a temperature of 20-25℃. The slightly acidic conditions enhance the adsorption capacity for residual recalcitrant organic pollutants, improving treatment efficiency. The system is equipped with an acid dosing device; the pH is controlled based on the treatment effect. When further improvement is needed, acid is added to adjust the system pH to slightly acidic.

[0030] The treated wastewater enters the disinfection tank, where sodium hypochlorite is used as the disinfectant. When adding sodium hypochlorite to the disinfection tank, the pH value is controlled at 7.0-8.0 and the temperature is maintained at 20-25℃. The slightly alkaline conditions can improve the stability of sodium hypochlorite, reduce the loss of effective chlorine, and ensure the effectiveness of removing residual pollutants and killing microorganisms. The treated water finally enters the effluent tank.

[0031] In addition, the adsorption saturation is monitored in real time during operation. Once the primary activated carbon is saturated, it is transported off-site for disposal and replaced with new activated carbon. Once the secondary activated carbon is saturated, it is regenerated through an ultra-fine bubble regeneration component. The regeneration is achieved by using hydroxyl radicals spontaneously generated by the ultra-fine bubbles to decompose pollutants. The modified activated carbon packing is regenerated in situ through ultra-fine bubbles. The regenerated activated carbon is then reintroduced into the treatment process for recycling.

[0032] The above embodiments of this utility model are merely examples for clearly illustrating this utility model, and are not intended to limit the implementation of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other variations or modifications can be made based on the above description, and these obvious variations or modifications derived from the spirit of this utility model are still within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A system for removing trace pollutants from water, characterized in that: It includes an inlet tank, a primary activated carbon adsorption unit, a secondary activated carbon adsorption unit, a disinfection tank, and an outlet tank, arranged in series. The secondary activated carbon adsorption unit is equipped with an ultrafine bubble regeneration component, and the two streams of wastewater discharged from the secondary activated carbon adsorption unit flow into the inlet pool and the disinfection pool, respectively.

2. The water trace pollutant removal and treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ultrafine bubble regeneration component employs an ultrafine bubble generator, and the diameter of the ultrafine bubbles generated by the ultrafine bubble generator ranges from 1 to 1000 nanometers.

3. The water trace pollutant removal and treatment system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The ultrafine bubbles enter the secondary activated carbon adsorption unit through the gas distribution pipe.

4. The water trace pollutant removal and treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: An acid dosing device is provided between the primary activated carbon adsorption unit and the secondary activated carbon adsorption unit.

5. The water trace pollutant removal and treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The disinfectant used in the disinfection pool is sodium hypochlorite.

6. The water trace pollutant removal and treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pH values ​​of the inlet tank and the primary activated carbon adsorption unit are both set at 6.5-7.

5.

7. The water trace pollutant removal and treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pH value of the secondary activated carbon adsorption unit is set at 5.5-7.5, and the pH value of the disinfection tank is set at 7.0-8.0.

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