Nucleic acid extractor

Abstract

The utility model provides a kind of nucleic acid extractor, taking mechanism, including second tube frame, fine extraction drive assembly and fine extraction magnetic bar, second tube frame is used to carry fine extraction tube, fine extraction tube is used to accommodate the solution transferred from coarse extraction tube, fine extraction magnetic bar adapts fine extraction magnetic sleeve of fine extraction tube and fine extraction tube, fine extraction drive assembly connects fine extraction magnetic bar and is used to drive fine extraction magnetic bar to lift, make fine extraction magnetic bar to the enrichment solution in fine extraction tube, carry out nucleic acid extraction or up and down oscillation mixing, the capacity of coarse extraction tube is greater than the capacity of fine extraction tube;Pipetting mechanism, including pipette pump and pipetting drive assembly, pipette pump is used to under the driving of pipetting drive assembly, the solution enriched in coarse extraction tube is transferred to fine extraction tube.The utility model can carry out nucleic acid enrichment and nucleic acid extraction to large volume sample in turn, greatly improve the concentration efficiency of nucleic acid, can avoid the situation of missed detection due to low nucleic acid concentration efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of nucleic acid extraction technology, and in particular relates to a nucleic acid extractor. Background Technology

[0002] As nucleic acid testing technology matures and its applications diversify, current common nucleic acid testing instruments are only effective for small-volume samples. However, the wastewater monitoring system of the former disease control system has achieved large-scale deployment. By establishing COVID-19 wastewater monitoring points, it has been integrated into the major infectious disease monitoring system and is gradually expanding to include pathogens such as influenza and polio. Early warning and multi-pathogen monitoring through wastewater monitoring can detect community outbreaks in advance, supporting precise prevention and control. Comprehensive detection of pathogens in wastewater samples can track epidemic trends. This overcomes the limitations of individual monitoring, achieving full population coverage at low cost and strengthening the ability to control the source of infectious diseases. However, applications such as wastewater monitoring require large-volume sample testing. Existing nucleic acid testing instruments, due to their low concentration efficiency, are prone to false negatives, resulting in low detection accuracy for large-volume samples. Therefore, current nucleic acid testing instruments are not suitable for wastewater monitoring or other large-volume sample testing. Utility Model Content

[0003] The main purpose of this invention is to propose a nucleic acid extractor, which aims to solve the technical problem of missed detection in large-volume samples in the prior art.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides a nucleic acid extractor, comprising: an enrichment mechanism including a first tube rack, a coarse extraction drive assembly, and a coarse extraction magnetic rod; the first tube rack is used to support a coarse extraction tube containing the original solution to be tested; the coarse extraction magnetic rod is adapted to the coarse extraction tube and its coarse extraction magnetic sleeve; the coarse extraction drive assembly is connected to the coarse extraction magnetic rod and is used to drive the coarse extraction magnetic rod to move up and down, so that the coarse extraction magnetic rod enriches nucleic acids or mixes them by up-and-down oscillation in the original solution in the coarse extraction tube; and an extraction mechanism including a second tube rack, a fine extraction drive assembly, and a fine extraction magnetic rod. A two-tube rack is used to support the refined extraction tube, which contains the solution transferred from the coarse extraction tube. A refined extraction magnetic rod is adapted to the refined extraction tube and its magnetic sleeve. A refined extraction drive assembly is connected to the magnetic rod and used to drive it up and down, allowing the magnetic rod to extract nucleic acids or mix the enriched solution in the refined extraction tube by oscillation. The capacity of the coarse extraction tube is greater than that of the refined extraction tube. A pipetting mechanism includes a pipetting pump and a pipetting drive assembly. The pipetting pump, driven by the pipetting drive assembly, transfers the enriched solution from the coarse extraction tube to the refined extraction tube.

[0005] In this embodiment of the invention, the nucleic acid extractor further includes a frame, on which the enrichment mechanism, the extraction mechanism and the pipetting mechanism are all mounted. The frame is also provided with a solution rack for accommodating PCR tubes, and the pipetting mechanism is used to transfer the refined solution in the refined extraction tube to the PCR tube.

[0006] In this embodiment of the utility model, there are multiple coarse lifting magnetic rods, and the coarse lifting drive assembly includes: a first lifting drive component connected to a lifting screw, the first lifting drive component being used to drive the lifting screw to rotate; a coarse lifting frame threadedly connected to the lifting screw, the frame being provided with a lifting guide rail, and the coarse lifting frame and the lifting guide rail being in sliding contact cooperation.

[0007] In this embodiment of the invention, the rack is further provided with a third tube rack for carrying reagent tubes, and the pipetting mechanism is used to transfer the solution in the reagent tubes to the PCR tubes.

[0008] In this embodiment of the utility model, the enrichment mechanism further includes: a release plate with a clearance hole for the coarse lifting magnetic rod to pass through; a release drive member connected to the release plate and used to drive the release plate to rise and fall, wherein the release plate is used to disengage the coarse lifting magnetic sleeve from the coarse lifting magnetic rod when the release drive member abuts against the coarse lifting magnetic sleeve.

[0009] In this embodiment of the present invention, there are multiple fine-extraction magnetic rods, and the fine-extraction driving assembly includes: a second magnetic rod frame, on which the multiple fine-extraction magnetic rods are mounted; and a second lifting driving component, which is connected to the second magnetic rod frame and is used to drive the second magnetic rod frame to lift.

[0010] In this embodiment of the invention, the pipetting drive assembly includes an X-axis drive, a Y-axis drive, and a Z-axis drive. The Z-axis drive is driven and connected to the pipetting pump, and the X-axis drive is driven and connected to the Z-axis drive through the Y-axis drive.

[0011] In this embodiment of the utility model, the nucleic acid extractor further includes a frame, and the enrichment mechanism, the extraction mechanism and the pipetting mechanism are all mounted on the frame. The bottom of the frame is provided with a bottom support with a bottom support surface and rollers. The bottom support surface is used to abut against external support members. The rollers can move up and down relative to the bottom support surface in a clearance position and a rolling position. The height of the rollers in the clearance position is higher than the bottom support surface, and the height of the rollers in the rolling position is lower than the bottom support surface.

[0012] In this embodiment of the invention, the first tube rack is provided with a plurality of first bearing holes for bearing the coarse lifting magnetic rod; and / or, the second tube rack is provided with a plurality of second bearing holes for bearing the fine lifting magnetic rod.

[0013] In this embodiment of the utility model, the nucleic acid extractor further includes a frame, the enrichment mechanism, the extraction mechanism and the pipetting mechanism are all mounted on the frame, the frame is provided with a waste liquid tank, and the nucleic acid extractor further includes a waste liquid drawer that is accommodated in the waste liquid tank and slides in contact with the waste liquid tank.

[0014] Through the above technical solution, the nucleic acid extractor provided in this utility model embodiment has the following beneficial effects: The nucleic acid extractor includes an enrichment mechanism, an extraction mechanism, and a pipetting mechanism. The capacity of the coarse extraction tube can be much larger than that of the fine extraction tube. The coarse extraction drive assembly of the enrichment mechanism drives the coarse extraction magnetic rod to rise and fall, working in conjunction with a non-magnetic coarse extraction magnetic sleeve and the pipetting mechanism to transfer reagents. This allows for the concentration and enrichment of nucleic acids in a large volume of original solution within the coarse extraction tube. The first tube rack can hold multiple coarse extraction tubes. After coarse nucleic acid extraction in the enrichment mechanism and the pipetting mechanism, the solution in the coarse extraction tube can be transferred to the fine extraction tube via the pipetting mechanism. The fine extraction drive assembly of the extraction mechanism drives the fine extraction magnetic rod, which, in conjunction with the fine extraction magnetic sleeve and the pipetting mechanism, further extracts nucleic acids from the solution in the fine extraction tube. This nucleic acid extractor, through its enrichment, extraction, and pipetting mechanisms, can sequentially enrich and extract nucleic acids from large volumes of samples, significantly improving nucleic acid concentration efficiency and avoiding missed detections due to low concentration efficiency.

[0015] Other features and advantages of this invention will be described in detail in the following detailed description section. Attached Figure Description

[0016] The accompanying drawings are provided to illustrate the present invention and form part of the specification. They are used together with the following detailed description to explain the present invention, but do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a nucleic acid extractor according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a nucleic acid extractor according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0017] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures Detailed Implementation

[0018] The specific embodiments of this utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation only and are not intended to limit the scope of this utility model.

[0019] The nucleic acid extractor according to this utility model is described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0020] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown in the embodiment of this utility model, the nucleic acid extractor 100 includes an enrichment mechanism 1, an extraction mechanism 2, and a pipetting mechanism 3. The enrichment mechanism 1 includes a first tube rack 11, a coarse extraction drive assembly 12, and a coarse extraction magnetic rod 13. The first tube rack 11 is used to support the coarse extraction tube 10 containing the original solution to be tested. The coarse extraction magnetic rod 13 is adapted to the coarse extraction tube 10 and the coarse extraction magnetic sleeve 20 of the coarse extraction tube 10. The coarse extraction drive assembly 12 is connected to the coarse extraction magnetic rod 13 and is used to drive the coarse extraction magnetic rod 13 to move up and down, so that the coarse extraction magnetic rod 13 enriches nucleic acids or mixes them by up and down oscillation on the original solution in the coarse extraction tube 10. The extraction mechanism 2 includes a second tube rack 21, a fine extraction drive assembly 22, and a fine extraction... The magnetic rod 23 and the second tube rack 21 are used to support the fine extraction tube 30, which is used to contain the solution transferred from the coarse extraction tube 10. The fine extraction magnetic rod 23 is adapted to the fine extraction tube 30 and the fine extraction magnetic sleeve 40 of the fine extraction tube 30. The fine extraction drive assembly 22 is connected to the fine extraction magnetic rod 23 and is used to drive the fine extraction magnetic rod 23 to move up and down, so that the fine extraction magnetic rod 23 can perform nucleic acid extraction or up-and-down oscillation mixing on the enriched solution in the fine extraction tube 30. The capacity of the coarse extraction tube 10 is greater than the capacity of the fine extraction tube 30. The pipetting mechanism 3 includes a pipetting pump 31 and a pipetting drive assembly 32. The pipetting pump 31 is used to transfer the enriched solution in the coarse extraction tube 10 to the fine extraction tube 30 under the drive of the pipetting drive assembly 32.

[0021] In one embodiment, the enrichment mechanism 1 further includes a first stage 14 for carrying coarse extraction tubes 10, and a first tube rack 11 for temporarily storing coarse extraction tubes 10. When it is necessary to enrich the coarse extraction tubes 10 with nucleic acid, the coarse extraction tubes 10 on the first tube rack 11 can be transferred to the first stage 14. The first stage 14 is located below the coarse extraction magnetic rod 13. The extraction mechanism 2 further includes a second stage 24 for carrying refined extraction tubes 30, and a second tube rack 21 for temporarily storing refined extraction tubes 30. When it is necessary to extract nucleic acid, the refined extraction tubes 30 on the second tube rack 21 can be transferred to the second stage 24. The second stage 24 is located between the second tube rack 21 and the refined extraction magnetic rod 23.

[0022] Understandably, the magnetic bead method for extracting bioactive substances using the nucleic acid extractor 100 in this embodiment is a magnetic rod method. The process involves adding lysis buffer to the sample solution, followed by magnetic bead adsorption; removing the solution, adding rinsing buffer, magnetic bead adsorption again, removing the rinsing buffer, and adding elution buffer. The principle of the magnetic rod method is to immerse a magnetic separation device in the liquid. The magnetic field causes magnetically attracted particles in the mixture to concentrate on the surface of the separation device. The magnetic separation device is a sleeve. Inserting a magnetic rod makes the sleeve magnetic, attracting magnetically attracted particles in the mixture to the sleeve surface. When the magnetic rod is removed, the sleeve loses its magnetism, and the magnetically attracted particles detach from the sleeve.

[0023] The nucleic acid extractor 100 in this embodiment includes an enrichment mechanism 1, an extraction mechanism 2, and a pipetting mechanism 3. The capacity of the coarse extraction tube 10 is much larger than that of the fine extraction tube 30. The coarse extraction magnetic rod 13 is driven to rise and fall by the coarse extraction drive component 12 of the enrichment mechanism 1. With the help of the non-magnetic coarse extraction magnetic sleeve 20 and the transfer of reagents by the pipetting mechanism 3, the nucleic acid in the large volume of original solution in the coarse extraction tube 10 can be concentrated and enriched. The first tube rack 11 can carry multiple coarse extraction tubes 10. After the coarse extraction of nucleic acid by the enrichment mechanism 1 and the pipetting mechanism 3, the solution in the coarse extraction tube 10 can be transferred to the fine extraction tube 30 by the pipetting mechanism 3. The fine extraction magnetic rod 23 is driven by the fine extraction drive component 22 of the extraction mechanism 2. The fine extraction magnetic sleeve 40 and the pipetting mechanism 3 are adapted to further extract nucleic acid from the solution in the fine extraction tube 30. The nucleic acid extractor 100 in this embodiment, through the enrichment mechanism 1, the extraction mechanism 2 and the pipetting mechanism 3, can sequentially enrich and extract nucleic acids from large-volume samples, which greatly improves the concentration efficiency of nucleic acids and avoids missed detections caused by low nucleic acid concentration efficiency.

[0024] It should be noted that the nucleic acid extractor 100 in this embodiment can be applied to multi-pathogen monitoring, specifically for monitoring various pathogens in wastewater, including novel coronavirus, monkeypox virus, norovirus, enterovirus, influenza virus, adenovirus, respiratory syncytial virus, parainfluenza virus, mycoplasma pneumoniae, group A streptococci, Haemophilus influenzae, and Salmonella. The nucleic acid extractor 100 in this embodiment can also be applied to microbial culture, enabling automated enrichment and concentration of wastewater samples. Microorganisms enriched on magnetic beads (such as norovirus, enterovirus, and Salmonella) can be further cultured and purified. Specifically, it can be applied to disease control and prevention centers, wastewater treatment plants, environmental monitoring stations, or third-party testing institutions for wastewater samples.

[0025] The nucleic acid extractor 100 also includes a controller. The enrichment mechanism 1, extraction mechanism 2, and pipetting mechanism 3 are all electrically connected to the controller. The controller can be an existing PLC controller. By inputting a program into the controller, it can control the enrichment mechanism 1, extraction mechanism 2, and pipetting mechanism 3 to perform automatic enrichment, extraction, and transfer of nucleic acids with high efficiency. In this embodiment, the nucleic acid extractor 100 uses wastewater samples directly. The maximum processing volume of a single coarse extraction tube 10 is 20 mL, eliminating the need for centrifugation and reducing the workload of laboratory personnel. It can simultaneously extract total nucleic acids or free nucleic acids (DNA / RNA) from water, avoiding repetitive operations. The concentrated sample can be directly used for cell biology experiments, with more complete extracted nucleic acid fragments. It can also be directly used for gene sequencing and analysis, with a virus enrichment recovery rate of greater than 50%, a magnetic bead recovery rate of ≥95%, and a nucleic acid enrichment concentration factor of up to 500 times.

[0026] The pipetting drive assembly 32 can be a triaxial drive structure or a biaxial drive structure. The pipetting pump 31 can aspirate and transfer the solution. When the enrichment mechanism 1 enriches the nucleic acid in the coarse extraction tube 10 using the magnetic bead method, the pipetting mechanism 3 can pipette the reagent into the coarse extraction tube 10. During the nucleic acid extraction process of the extraction mechanism 2, the pipetting mechanism 3 can pipette the reagent into the fine extraction tube 30. The number of coarse extraction tubes 10 that the first tube rack 11 can hold can be set according to actual usage requirements, and the number of fine extraction tubes 30 that the second tube rack 21 can hold can be set according to actual usage requirements. When the coarse extraction drive assembly 12 drives the coarse extraction magnetic rod 13 and the coarse extraction magnetic sleeve 20 to move up and down, it can oscillate and mix the solution in the coarse extraction tube 10. When the fine extraction drive assembly 22 drives the fine extraction magnetic rod 23 and the fine extraction magnetic sleeve 40 to move up and down, it can oscillate and mix the solution in the fine extraction tube 30, thus avoiding the need for an additional centrifugal mixing structure. In one embodiment, the capacity of the coarse extraction tube 10 may be 50 mL; in other embodiments, the capacity of the coarse extraction tube 10 may be set according to actual usage requirements.

[0027] In this embodiment of the invention, the nucleic acid extractor 100 also includes a frame 4. The enrichment mechanism 1, the extraction mechanism 2, and the pipetting mechanism 3 are all mounted on the frame 4. The frame 4 also has a solution rack 41 for accommodating PCR tubes. The pipetting mechanism 3 is used to transfer the refined solution in the refined extraction tube 30 to the PCR tube. After the enrichment mechanism 1 enriches the sample in the coarse extraction tube 10 and the extraction mechanism 2 extracts the nucleic acid from the solution in the refined extraction tube 30, the refined solution can be transferred to the PCR tube via the pipetting mechanism 3. Reagents can be injected into the PCR tube via the pipetting mechanism 3 to prepare the system, according to actual usage requirements. The number of PCR tubes that the solution rack 41 can hold can be set according to actual usage requirements. The functions of coarse nucleic acid extraction, refined nucleic acid extraction, solution transfer, and system preparation can be integrated into the nucleic acid extractor 100, enabling the nucleic acid extractor 100 to be applied to various usage scenarios and avoiding limitations on its application scenarios.

[0028] Understandably, there are multiple coarse extraction magnetic rods 13. The coarse extraction drive assembly 12 includes a first lifting drive component 121 and a coarse extraction frame 123. The first lifting drive component 121 is connected to a lifting screw 122 and is used to drive the lifting screw 122 to rotate. The coarse extraction frame 123 and the lifting screw 122 are threadedly connected. The frame 4 is provided with a lifting guide rail, and the coarse extraction frame 123 and the lifting guide rail are in sliding contact. In this embodiment, the first lifting drive component 121 can be a motor. By driving the lifting screw 122 to rotate through the motor, and the coarse extraction frame 123 and the lifting screw 122 are threadedly connected, the coarse extraction frame 123 can be raised and lowered, which drives the multiple coarse extraction magnetic rods 13 on the coarse extraction frame 123 to rise and fall synchronously, thereby improving the enrichment efficiency of the coarse extraction drive assembly 12.

[0029] In one embodiment, the rack 4 is further provided with a third tube rack 42 for holding reagent tubes, and the pipetting mechanism 3 is used to transfer the solution in the reagent tubes to PCR tubes. In this embodiment, by providing the third tube rack 42, the nucleic acid extractor 100 can temporarily store reagent tubes, which facilitates the aspiration and transfer of reagent solutions.

[0030] like Figure 2 As shown, the enrichment mechanism 1 also includes a release plate 15 and a release drive 16. The release plate 15 has a clearance hole for the coarse extraction magnetic rod 13 to pass through. The release drive 16 is connected to the release plate 15 and is used to drive the release plate 15 to rise and fall. The release plate 15 is used to abut against the coarse extraction magnetic sleeve 20 under the drive of the release drive 16, so that the coarse extraction magnetic sleeve 20 is detached from the coarse extraction magnetic rod 13. In this embodiment, the release drive 16 can be a motor. The release drive 16 can drive the release plate 15 to rise and fall through a belt and pulley structure, causing the release plate 15 to abut against the coarse extraction magnetic sleeve 20, so that the coarse extraction magnetic sleeve 20 is detached from the coarse extraction magnetic rod 13. The structure for detaching the fine extraction magnetic sleeve 40 in the extraction mechanism 2 is the same as the release structure in the enrichment mechanism 1, both of which are detached by abutting the magnetic sleeve. In this embodiment, the nucleic acid extraction efficiency of the enrichment mechanism 1 and the extraction mechanism 2 can be improved by using a mechanized detachment method.

[0031] In one embodiment, there are multiple extraction magnetic rods 23. The extraction drive assembly 22 includes a second magnetic rod holder 221 and a second lifting drive component 222. The multiple extraction magnetic rods 23 are all mounted on the second magnetic rod holder 221. The second lifting drive component 222 is connected to the second magnetic rod holder 221 and is used to drive the second magnetic rod holder 221 to lift. In this embodiment, the second lifting drive component 222 can be a motor. The second lifting drive component 222 can drive the second magnetic rod holder 221 to lift the multiple extraction magnetic rods 23 through a belt and pulley, or other rotational-to-linear motion structure. By synchronously lifting the multiple extraction magnetic rods 23, the nucleic acid extraction efficiency of the extraction mechanism 2 is improved.

[0032] It should be noted that the pipetting drive assembly 32 includes an X-axis drive 321, a Y-axis drive 322 and a Z-axis drive 323. The Z-axis drive 323 drives and connects to the pipetting pump 31, and the X-axis drive 321 drives and connects to the Z-axis drive 323 through the Y-axis drive 322. Figure 1 The vertical direction can be Z-axis, the horizontal direction can be X-axis, and the forward / backward direction can be Y-axis. In this embodiment, the X-axis drive 321, Y-axis drive 322, and Z-axis drive 323 can all be motors. The Z-axis drive 323 can drive the pipette pump 31 to move up and down through a screw and slider structure. The Y-axis drive 322 and X-axis drive 321 can drive the pipette pump 31 to move in the Y and X directions through existing rotary-to-linear motion transmission structures. The number of pipette pumps 31 can be set according to actual usage requirements, such as... Figure 2As shown, in this embodiment, there are two pipetting pumps 31, which are arranged sequentially along the Y direction. The pipetting efficiency can be improved by using two pipetting pumps 31.

[0033] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 The nucleic acid extractor 100 also includes a frame 4. The enrichment mechanism 1, the extraction mechanism 2 and the pipetting mechanism 3 are all installed on the frame 4. The bottom of the frame 4 is provided with a bottom support 43 with a bottom support surface and rollers 431. The bottom support surface is used to abut against the external support component. The rollers 431 can move up and down relative to the bottom support surface in a clearance position and a rolling position. The rollers 431 in the clearance position are higher than the bottom support surface, and the rollers 431 in the rolling position are lower than the bottom support surface. When it is necessary to move the nucleic acid extractor 100, the rollers 431 can be adjusted to the rolling position. In the rolling position, the rollers 431 are lower than the bottom support surface, allowing them to roll and engage with the external support, facilitating the movement of the nucleic acid extractor 100. When it is not necessary to move the nucleic acid extractor 100, the rollers 431 can be adjusted to the clearance position. In the clearance position, the rollers 431 are higher than the bottom support surface, allowing the bottom support surface to abut against the external support. The bottom support surface is flat, ensuring that the nucleic acid extractor 100 is stably supported by the external support. The number of bottom supports 43 can be set according to actual usage requirements. In one embodiment, there are four bottom supports 43, which are distributed at the corners of the bottom of the frame 4.

[0034] In one embodiment, the first tube rack 11 is provided with multiple first support holes for supporting coarse extraction magnetic rods 13; and the second tube rack 21 is provided with multiple second support holes for supporting fine extraction magnetic rods 23. In this embodiment, both the first tube rack 11 and the second tube rack 21 can support multiple tubes, and the number of second tube racks 21 can be one or more. By using the first tube rack 11 and the second tube rack 21 to support multiple tubes, the efficiency of subsequent nucleic acid extraction can be ensured.

[0035] like Figure 2 As shown, the nucleic acid extractor 100 also includes a frame 4, the enrichment mechanism 1, the extraction mechanism 2 and the pipetting mechanism 3 are all installed on the frame 4, the frame 4 is provided with a waste liquid tank 44, and the nucleic acid extractor 100 also includes a waste liquid drawer 45 that is accommodated in the waste liquid tank 44 and slides in contact with the waste liquid tank 44. Figure 2 The pipette pump 31 is located in the initial position before pipetting, and the waste liquid tank 44 is located below the pipette pump 31. The waste liquid tank 44 has an opening at the top, which can pour the waste liquid into the waste liquid tank 44. When it is necessary to clean the waste liquid in the nucleic acid extractor 100, the waste liquid drawer 45 can be pulled out to detach the waste liquid drawer 45 from the frame 4, which can facilitate the centralized collection and treatment of the waste liquid in the nucleic acid extractor 100.

[0036] In one embodiment, the nucleic acid extractor 100 is used for enrichment and concentration, nucleic acid extraction, nucleic acid transfer, and PCR system construction. The enrichment unit 1 can perform magnetic bead enrichment. The sample throughput of the enrichment unit 1 can be 1 to 16 samples. The processing volume of the enrichment unit 1 can be 1 ml to 20 ml of original wastewater sample. The enrichment unit 1 can be equipped with a universal 50 mL centrifuge tube with a cap as a coarse extraction tube 10. The enrichment reagent (such as enrichment magnetic beads or concentrate) can be automatically added to the enrichment unit 1 through the pipetting mechanism 3. The enrichment unit 1 can be mixed by oscillation. The concentration volume of the enrichment unit 1 can be 0.5 ml to 1.5 ml. The sample throughput of extraction unit 2 can be 1 to 16 concentrated wastewater samples, and the processing volume of extraction unit 2 can be 1 ml to 1.5 ml of concentrated wastewater solution. It can be equipped with pre-filled single 6-tube extraction reagents. Magnetic bead extraction reagents (such as proteinase K) can be automatically added to extraction unit 2 through pipetting mechanism 3. Extraction unit 2 can mix the solution in the extraction tube 30 by oscillating up and down through the fine extraction magnetic rod 23 and fine extraction magnetic sleeve 40. The heating incubation and elution of extraction unit 2 are at room temperature to 120°C, and the elution volume of extraction unit 2 can be 50 μl to 100 μl.

[0037] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this utility model, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0038] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a connection that allows communication between them; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0039] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0040] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A nucleic acid extractor, characterized in that, The nucleic acid extractor (100) includes: The enrichment mechanism (1) includes a first tube rack (11), a coarse extraction drive assembly (12), and a coarse extraction magnetic rod (13). The first tube rack (11) is used to support the coarse extraction tube (10) containing the original solution to be tested. The coarse extraction magnetic rod (13) is adapted to the coarse extraction tube (10) and the coarse extraction magnetic sleeve (20) of the coarse extraction tube (10). The coarse extraction drive assembly (12) is connected to the coarse extraction magnetic rod (13) and is used to drive the coarse extraction magnetic rod (13) to move up and down, so that the coarse extraction magnetic rod (13) can enrich nucleic acids or mix the original solution in the coarse extraction tube (10) by oscillation. The extraction mechanism (2) includes a second tube rack (21), a fine extraction drive assembly (22), and a fine extraction magnetic rod (23). The second tube rack (21) is used to support the fine extraction tube (30), which is used to contain the solution transferred from the coarse extraction tube (10). The fine extraction magnetic rod (23) is adapted to the fine extraction tube (30) and the fine extraction magnetic sleeve (40) of the fine extraction tube (30). The fine extraction drive assembly (22) is connected to the fine extraction magnetic rod (23) and is used to drive the fine extraction magnetic rod (23) to move up and down, so that the fine extraction magnetic rod (23) can perform nucleic acid extraction or up-and-down shaking and mixing on the enriched solution in the fine extraction tube (30). The capacity of the coarse extraction tube (10) is greater than the capacity of the fine extraction tube (30). The pipetting mechanism (3) includes a pipetting pump (31) and a pipetting drive assembly (32), wherein the pipetting pump (31) is used to transfer the enriched solution in the coarse extraction tube (10) to the fine extraction tube (30) under the drive of the pipetting drive assembly (32).

2. The nucleic acid extractor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The nucleic acid extractor (100) also includes a frame (4), the enrichment mechanism (1), the extraction mechanism (2) and the pipetting mechanism (3) are all installed on the frame (4), and the frame (4) is also provided with a liquid preparation rack (41) for accommodating PCR tubes. The pipetting mechanism (3) is used to transfer the refined solution in the refined extraction tube (30) to the PCR tube.

3. The nucleic acid extractor according to claim 2, characterized in that, There are multiple coarse lifting magnetic rods (13), and the coarse lifting drive assembly (12) includes: The first lifting drive component (121) is connected to the lifting screw (122), and the first lifting drive component (121) is used to drive the lifting screw (122) to rotate; The coarse lifting frame (123) is threadedly connected to the lifting screw (122), and the frame (4) is provided with a lifting guide rail. The coarse lifting frame (123) and the lifting guide rail slide in contact.

4. The nucleic acid extractor according to claim 2, characterized in that, The rack (4) is also provided with a third tube rack (42) for carrying reagent tubes, and the pipetting mechanism (3) is used to transfer the solution in the reagent tube to the PCR tube.

5. The nucleic acid extractor according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The enrichment mechanism (1) further includes: The release plate (15) has a clearance hole for the coarse lifting magnetic rod (13) to pass through; The unsleeving drive (16) is connected to the unsleeving plate (15) and is used to drive the unsleeving plate (15) to rise and fall. The unsleeving plate (15) is used to abut against the coarse lifting magnetic sleeve (20) by the unsleeving drive (16) so that the coarse lifting magnetic sleeve (20) is disengaged from the coarse lifting magnetic rod (13).

6. The nucleic acid extractor according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The refining magnetic rods (23) are multiple, and the refining drive assembly (22) includes: The second magnetic rod holder (221) is on which a plurality of the refined magnetic rods (23) are mounted. The second lifting drive (222) is connected to the second magnetic rod holder (221) and is used to drive the second magnetic rod holder (221) to lift.

7. The nucleic acid extractor according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The pipetting drive assembly (32) includes an X-axis drive (321), a Y-axis drive (322) and a Z-axis drive (323). The Z-axis drive (323) is driven and connected to the pipetting pump (31). The X-axis drive (321) is driven and connected to the Z-axis drive (323) through the Y-axis drive (322).

8. The nucleic acid extractor according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The nucleic acid extractor (100) also includes a frame (4), the enrichment mechanism (1), the extraction mechanism (2) and the pipetting mechanism (3) are all installed on the frame (4). The bottom of the frame (4) is provided with a bottom support (43) with a bottom support surface and a roller (431). The bottom support surface is used to abut against the external support. The roller (431) can rise and fall relative to the bottom support surface in a clearance position and a rolling position. The roller (431) in the clearance position is higher than the bottom support surface, and the roller (431) in the rolling position is lower than the bottom support surface.

9. The nucleic acid extractor according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The first tube rack (11) is provided with a plurality of first bearing holes for bearing the coarse lifting magnetic rod (13); And / or, The second tube rack (21) is provided with a plurality of second support holes for supporting the fine extraction magnetic rod (23).

10. The nucleic acid extractor according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The nucleic acid extractor (100) also includes a frame (4), the enrichment mechanism (1), the extraction mechanism (2) and the pipetting mechanism (3) are all installed on the frame (4), the frame (4) is provided with a waste liquid tank (44), and the nucleic acid extractor (100) also includes a waste liquid drawer (45) that is accommodated in the waste liquid tank (44) and slides in contact with the waste liquid tank (44).

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