High-efficiency condensing device for steam turbine of thermal power plant

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of high-efficiency condensing devices of thermal power generation steam turbine, including device main body, steam pretreatment module, high-efficiency condensing tube assembly, two-stage vacuum system, self-cleaning anti-dirty unit and intelligent control module, the device main body is equipped with steam chamber, condensing chamber and circulating water chamber, the steam chamber top is equipped with the steam inlet being communicated with steam turbine exhaust port, the condensing chamber bottom is equipped with condensate outlet;Increase heat exchange area by the fin structure of helical micro-fin condensing tube, circulating water turbulent flow is strengthened in pipe disturbance boss, cooperate steam precooling treatment, effectively reduce steam turbine exhaust pressure, improve the circulating thermal efficiency of unit, two-stage vacuum system combines vacuum degree intelligent adjustment, reduce the fluctuation amplitude of vacuum degree in condenser, avoid the output drop of unit due to vacuum degree fluctuation, device overall structure design adapts to the condensing system modification of existing thermal power generating unit, without substantially adjusting unit layout, installation is convenient, and application range is wide.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of thermal power generation equipment technology, and in particular to a high-efficiency condensing steam turbine device for thermal power generation. Background Technology

[0002] In thermal power generation systems, the turbine condenser is one of the core auxiliary equipment. Its function is to condense the turbine exhaust steam into water, while establishing and maintaining a vacuum environment inside the condenser, reducing the turbine exhaust steam pressure, and improving the unit's cycle thermal efficiency.

[0003] The existing condensing unit mainly consists of the main body of the unit (1), condenser tubes, circulating water system and vacuum pumping device. However, in actual operation, the following problems exist: the steam exhaust from the turbine is not in sufficient contact with the condenser tubes, the steam flow is in a laminar state, the heat exchange area utilization rate is low, resulting in poor condensing efficiency; the inner wall of the condenser tube is prone to scaling and the outer wall is prone to dust accumulation, the heat transfer resistance increases, the heat exchange effect decreases significantly after long-term operation, the labor intensity of manual descaling is high, the vacuum pumping system mostly uses a single vacuum pump, the vacuum degree adjustment response is slow, and fluctuations are prone to occur, which leads to an increase in the steam exhaust pressure of the turbine, affecting the unit output; the circulating water uses a single loop flow, the heat exchange gradient between the high temperature zone and the low temperature zone is small, and energy waste is serious. Therefore, we propose a high-efficiency condensing unit for thermal power generation turbines. Utility Model Content

[0004] To overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies, this utility model provides a high-efficiency condensing device for thermal power turbines. It increases the heat exchange area through the finned structure of spiral microfin condenser tubes, enhances circulating water turbulence with internal turbulence ribs, and, combined with steam pre-cooling treatment, effectively reduces turbine exhaust pressure and improves unit cycle thermal efficiency. A two-stage vacuum system, combined with intelligent vacuum adjustment, reduces vacuum fluctuations within the condenser, preventing a decrease in unit output due to vacuum fluctuations. The overall structure of the device is adaptable to the retrofitting of existing thermal power generating units' condensing systems, requiring no significant adjustments to the unit layout, making installation convenient and applicable to a wide range of applications.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a high-efficiency condensing device for a thermal power generation steam turbine, comprising a main body, a steam pretreatment module, a high-efficiency condenser tube assembly, a two-stage vacuum system, a self-cleaning anti-scaling unit, and an intelligent control module. The main body contains a steam chamber, a condensing chamber, and a circulating water chamber. The top of the steam chamber has a steam inlet connected to the turbine exhaust port, and the bottom of the condensing chamber has a condensate outlet. The steam pretreatment module is located between the steam inlet and the condensing chamber. The steam pretreatment module includes an annular spray pipe, several atomizing nozzles, and a high-pressure water pump. The atomizing nozzles are arranged inclined towards the steam flow direction. For precooling and reducing the exhaust steam from the steam turbine, the high-efficiency condenser tube assembly is vertically arranged in the condensation chamber. The high-efficiency condenser tube assembly includes several spiral micro-finned condenser tubes, which are arranged in a staggered manner. The outer wall of the spiral micro-finned condenser tube is provided with continuous spiral fins, and the inner wall of the spiral micro-finned condenser tube is fixed with axial turbulence ribs. The two-stage vacuum system includes a Roots vacuum pump, a water ring vacuum pump, and a vacuum buffer tank connected in series. The vacuum buffer tank is connected to the steam chamber of the main body of the device through a vacuum tube. A vacuum sensor is provided on the vacuum tube. The steam pretreatment module, the two-stage vacuum system, and the self-cleaning anti-scaling unit are all electrically connected to the intelligent control module.

[0006] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the self-cleaning anti-scaling unit includes an ultrasonic transducer, a temperature sensor, a turbidity sensor, and a magnetized anti-scaling device connected in series in the circulating water inlet pipe, all disposed within the condensing chamber. The ultrasonic transducer is uniformly arranged circumferentially along the high-efficiency condenser tube assembly. The temperature sensor is used to detect the temperature of the outer wall of the condenser tube, and the turbidity sensor is used to detect the turbidity of the circulating water. Both the temperature sensor and the turbidity sensor transmit detection data to the intelligent control module. The intelligent control module has a built-in PID adjustment algorithm and is used to dynamically adjust the water spray volume of the atomizing nozzle, the operating power of the two-stage vacuum system, and the operating frequency of the ultrasonic transducer based on the turbine exhaust flow rate, exhaust temperature, and the vacuum degree detected by the vacuum degree sensor in the condenser.

[0007] As a preferred technical solution of this utility model, a guide plate is provided in the steam chamber of the main body of the device. The guide plate is inclinedly arranged below the steam inlet. The guide plate is used to uniformly guide the pre-cooled steam to the high-efficiency condenser tube assembly. There are eight turbulence ribs, which are uniformly distributed along the circumference of the inner wall of the high-efficiency condenser tube assembly.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the two-stage vacuum system further includes a vacuum regulating valve, which is disposed on the vacuum tube and electrically connected to the intelligent control module. The intelligent control module adjusts the opening degree of the vacuum regulating valve according to the pressure value detected by the vacuum sensor.

[0009] As a preferred technical solution of this utility model, the circulating water chamber is divided into a high-temperature circulation zone and a low-temperature circulation zone. The high-temperature circulation zone corresponds to the steam inlet side of the condensation chamber, and the low-temperature circulation zone corresponds to the condensate outlet side of the condensation chamber. The high-temperature circulation zone and the low-temperature circulation zone are separated by a partition and are respectively provided with independent water inlets and outlets.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the annular spray pipe of the steam pretreatment module is connected to the low-temperature zone outlet of the circulating water chamber through the water inlet pipe, the high-pressure water pump is installed on the surface of the water inlet pipe, and the spray range of adjacent atomizing nozzles partially overlaps.

[0011] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects that this utility model can achieve are:

[0012] 1. The heat exchange area is increased by the fin structure of the spiral microfin condenser tubes, and the turbulence of the circulating water is enhanced by the turbulence ribs inside the tubes. Combined with steam pre-cooling treatment, the turbine exhaust pressure is effectively reduced and the unit's cycle thermal efficiency is improved. The two-stage vacuum system combined with intelligent vacuum adjustment reduces the amplitude of vacuum fluctuations in the condenser and avoids the reduction of unit output caused by vacuum fluctuations. The overall structural design of the device is compatible with the condenser system of existing thermal power generating units, without the need for major adjustments to the unit layout. It is easy to install and has a wide range of applications.

[0013] 2. The combined design of ultrasonic descaling and magnetization anti-scaling reduces the scaling rate of condenser tubes, extends equipment maintenance cycles, and lowers maintenance costs; the zoned flow design of circulating water improves energy utilization, reduces overall energy consumption, and also reduces water consumption. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the overall structure of this utility model.

[0015] Figure 2 This is a bottom view of the steam pretreatment module of this utility model.

[0016] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the high-efficiency condenser tube assembly of this utility model.

[0017] The components include: 1. Main body of the device; 11. Guide plate; 2. Steam chamber; 21. Steam inlet; 3. Condensation chamber; 31. Condensate outlet; 4. Circulating water chamber; 41. High-temperature circulation zone; 42. Low-temperature circulation zone; 5. Steam pretreatment module; 51. Annular spray pipe; 52. Atomizing nozzle; 53. High-pressure water pump; 6. High-efficiency condenser assembly; 61. Spiral micro-finned condenser; 62. Spiral fins; 63. Turbulence ribs; 7. Two-stage vacuum system; 71. Roots vacuum pump; 72. Water ring vacuum pump; 73. Vacuum buffer tank; 74. Vacuum pipe; 75. Vacuum sensor; 76. Vacuum regulating valve; 8. Self-cleaning anti-scaling unit; 81. Ultrasonic transducer; 82. Magnetized anti-scaling device; 83. Temperature sensor; 84. Turbidity sensor; 9. Intelligent control module. Detailed Implementation

[0018] To make the technical means, creative features, and achieved objectives and effects of this utility model easier to understand, the present utility model is further described below with reference to specific embodiments. However, the following embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of this utility model and not all of them. Other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments described in the implementation are all within the protection scope of this utility model without creative effort.

[0019] For an example, please refer to... Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3As shown, this utility model provides a high-efficiency condensing device for a thermal power generation steam turbine, including a main body 1, a steam pretreatment module 5, a high-efficiency condenser tube assembly 6, a two-stage vacuum system 7, a self-cleaning anti-scaling unit 8, and an intelligent control module 9. The main body 1 contains a steam chamber 2, a condensing chamber 3, and a circulating water chamber 4. The top of the steam chamber 2 has a steam inlet 21 connected to the turbine exhaust port, and the bottom of the condensing chamber 3 has a condensate outlet 31. The steam pretreatment module 5 is located between the steam inlet 21 and the condensing chamber 3. The steam pretreatment module 5 includes an annular spray pipe 51, several atomizing nozzles 52, and a high-pressure water pump 53. The atomizing nozzles 52 are inclined towards the steam flow direction and are used to pre-cool the turbine exhaust. The high-efficiency condenser tube assembly 6 is vertically arranged in the condensing chamber 3 and includes several spiral micro-finned condenser tubes 61. The spiral microfin condenser tubes 61 are arranged in a staggered pattern. The outer wall of the tubes is provided with continuous spiral fins 62, and the inner wall of the tubes is fixed with axial turbulence ribs 63. The two-stage vacuum system 7 includes a Roots vacuum pump 71, a water ring vacuum pump 72 and a vacuum buffer tank 73 connected in series. The vacuum buffer tank 73 is connected to the steam chamber 2 of the main body 1 through a vacuum pipe 74. A vacuum sensor 75 is provided on the vacuum pipe 74. The steam pretreatment module 5, the two-stage vacuum system 7 and the self-cleaning anti-scaling unit 8 are all electrically connected to the intelligent control module 9. The heat exchange area is increased by the fin structure of the spiral microfin condenser tubes 61, and the turbulence ribs 63 inside the tubes enhance the turbulence of the circulating water. Combined with the steam precooling treatment, the turbine exhaust pressure is effectively reduced and the unit's cycle thermal efficiency is improved. The two-stage vacuum system 7, combined with intelligent vacuum adjustment, reduces the amplitude of vacuum fluctuations in the condenser and avoids the reduction of unit output caused by vacuum fluctuations.

[0020] like Figure 1 As shown, the self-cleaning anti-scaling unit 8 includes an ultrasonic transducer 81, a temperature sensor 83, a turbidity sensor 84, and a magnetized anti-scaling device 82 connected in series with the circulating water inlet pipe, all installed in the condensing chamber 3. The ultrasonic transducer 81 is evenly arranged around the high-efficiency condensing tube assembly 6. The temperature sensor 83 is used to detect the temperature of the outer wall of the condensing tube, and the turbidity sensor 84 is used to detect the turbidity of the circulating water. Both the temperature sensor 83 and the turbidity sensor 84 transmit detection data to the intelligent control module 9. The intelligent control module 9 has a built-in PID adjustment algorithm. The intelligent control module 9 is used to dynamically adjust the water spray volume of the atomizing nozzle 52, the operating power of the two-stage vacuum system 7, and the operating frequency of the ultrasonic transducer 81 according to the turbine exhaust flow rate, exhaust temperature, and the vacuum degree detected by the vacuum degree sensor 75 in the condenser. The combined design of ultrasonic descaling and magnetized anti-scaling reduces the scaling rate of the condensing tube, extends the equipment maintenance cycle, and reduces maintenance costs.

[0021] like Figure 1 , Figure 3As shown, a guide plate 11 is provided in the steam chamber 2 of the main body 1 of the device. The guide plate 11 is inclined and located below the steam inlet 21. The guide plate 11 is used to guide the pre-cooled steam evenly to the high-efficiency condenser tube assembly 6. There are eight turbulence ribs 63, which are evenly distributed along the inner wall of the high-efficiency condenser tube assembly 6.

[0022] like Figure 1 As shown, the two-stage vacuum system 7 also includes a vacuum regulating valve 76, which is installed on the vacuum tube 74. The vacuum regulating valve 76 is electrically connected to the intelligent control module 9, and the intelligent control module 9 adjusts the opening of the vacuum regulating valve 76 according to the pressure value detected by the vacuum sensor 75.

[0023] like Figure 1 As shown, the circulating water chamber 4 is divided into a high-temperature circulation zone 41 and a low-temperature circulation zone 42. The high-temperature circulation zone 41 corresponds to the steam inlet 21 side of the condensing chamber 3, and the low-temperature circulation zone 42 corresponds to the condensate outlet 31 side of the condensing chamber 3. The high-temperature circulation zone 41 and the low-temperature circulation zone 42 are separated by a partition and are respectively provided with independent inlets and outlets. The zonal flow design of the circulating water improves energy utilization, reduces overall energy consumption, and reduces water consumption.

[0024] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the annular spray pipe 51 of the steam pretreatment module 5 is connected to the low-temperature zone outlet of the circulating water chamber 4 through the water inlet pipe, and the high-pressure water pump 53 is installed on the surface of the water inlet pipe. The spray ranges of adjacent atomizing nozzles 52 partially overlap.

[0025] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of this utility model. Those skilled in the art should understand that this utility model is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely preferred examples and are not intended to limit the utility model. Various changes and modifications can be made to this utility model without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claimed utility model. The scope of protection of this utility model is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A high-efficiency condensing device for a thermal power generation steam turbine, comprising a main body (1), a steam pretreatment module (5), a high-efficiency condenser tube assembly (6), a two-stage vacuum system (7), a self-cleaning anti-scaling unit (8), and an intelligent control module (9), characterized in that: The main body (1) of the device is provided with a steam chamber (2), a condensation chamber (3) and a circulating water chamber (4). The top of the steam chamber (2) is provided with a steam inlet (21) connected to the turbine exhaust port. The bottom of the condensation chamber (3) is provided with a condensate outlet (31). The steam pretreatment module (5) is located between the steam inlet (21) and the condensation chamber (3). The steam pretreatment module (5) includes an annular spray pipe (51), several atomizing nozzles (52) and a high-pressure water pump (53). The atomizing nozzles (52) are arranged at an angle toward the steam flow direction. The atomizing nozzles (52) are used to pre-cool the turbine exhaust. The high-efficiency condenser tube assembly (6) is arranged vertically in the condensation chamber (3). The high-efficiency condenser tube assembly (6) includes several The spiral microfin condenser tubes (61) are arranged in a staggered manner. The outer wall of the spiral microfin condenser tubes (61) is provided with continuous spiral fins (62). The inner wall of the spiral microfin condenser tubes (61) is fixed with axial turbulence ribs (63). The two-stage vacuum system (7) includes a Roots vacuum pump (71), a water ring vacuum pump (72) and a vacuum buffer tank (73) connected in series. The vacuum buffer tank (73) is connected to the steam chamber (2) of the main body (1) of the device through a vacuum tube (74). A vacuum sensor (75) is provided on the vacuum tube (74). The steam pretreatment module (5), the two-stage vacuum system (7) and the self-cleaning anti-scaling unit (8) are all electrically connected to the intelligent control module (9).

2. The high-efficiency condensing steam turbine device for thermal power generation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The self-cleaning anti-scaling unit (8) includes an ultrasonic transducer (81), a temperature sensor (83), a turbidity sensor (84) installed in the condensing chamber (3), and a magnetized anti-scaling device (82) connected in series with the circulating water inlet pipe. The ultrasonic transducer (81) is evenly arranged around the high-efficiency condenser tube assembly (6). The temperature sensor (83) is used to detect the temperature of the outer wall of the condenser tube. The turbidity sensor (84) is used to detect the turbidity of the circulating water. Both the temperature sensor (83) and the turbidity sensor (84) transmit detection data to the intelligent control module (9). The intelligent control module (9) has a built-in PID adjustment algorithm. The intelligent control module (9) is used to dynamically adjust the water spray volume of the atomizing nozzle (52), the operating power of the two-stage vacuum system (7), and the working frequency of the ultrasonic transducer (81) according to the turbine exhaust flow rate, exhaust temperature, and the vacuum degree detected by the vacuum degree sensor (75) in the condenser.

3. The high-efficiency condensing steam turbine device for thermal power generation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main body (1) of the device is provided with a guide plate (11) in the steam chamber (2). The guide plate (11) is inclined and located below the steam inlet (21). The guide plate (11) is used to guide the pre-cooled steam evenly to the high-efficiency condenser tube assembly (6). There are eight turbulence ribs (63). The turbulence ribs (63) are evenly distributed along the inner wall of the high-efficiency condenser tube assembly (6).

4. The high-efficiency condensing steam turbine device for thermal power generation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two-stage vacuum system (7) also includes a vacuum regulating valve (76), which is installed on the vacuum tube (74). The vacuum regulating valve (76) is electrically connected to the intelligent control module (9), and the intelligent control module (9) adjusts the opening of the vacuum regulating valve (76) according to the pressure value detected by the vacuum sensor (75).

5. The high-efficiency condensing steam turbine device for thermal power generation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The circulating water chamber (4) is divided into a high-temperature circulation zone (41) and a low-temperature circulation zone (42). The high-temperature circulation zone (41) corresponds to the steam inlet (21) side of the condensing chamber (3), and the low-temperature circulation zone (42) corresponds to the condensate outlet (31) side of the condensing chamber (3). The high-temperature circulation zone (41) and the low-temperature circulation zone (42) are separated by a partition and are respectively provided with independent inlets and outlets.

6. The high-efficiency condensing steam turbine device for thermal power generation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The annular spray pipe (51) of the steam pretreatment module (5) is connected to the low-temperature zone outlet of the circulating water chamber (4) through the water inlet pipe. The high-pressure water pump (53) is installed on the surface of the water inlet pipe, and the spray range of the adjacent atomizing nozzles (52) partially overlaps.

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