Low-power self-powered remote signal synchronous acquisition control device

Abstract

The utility model relates to a kind of low-power self-powered remote signal synchronous acquisition control device, including PCB circuit board, solar panel;The power management module, digital control module, analog acquisition module are integrated on the PCB circuit board, and the external buckle of the PCB circuit board is equipped with a metal shield welded to PCB ground layer.By main energy storage battery, the double-layer power supply framework of backup solid-state capacitor, in combination with the intelligent charging management with MPPT function, not only maximizes the solar energy utilization efficiency, more in continuous rain and other extreme weather provides safety redundancy, when main battery power is depleted, backup capacitor can seamlessly take over, ensure to complete the last key data save and upload, realize orderly shutdown, effectively prevent battery overdischarge damage and key data loss, greatly improve the reliability and data integrity of system in harsh power supply environment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field, specifically to a low-power self-powered remote signal synchronous acquisition and control device. Background Technology

[0002] In complex application scenarios such as field monitoring, smart agriculture, and distributed equipment monitoring, it is often necessary to synchronously acquire analog or digital signals from multiple sensors and execute control commands. These scenarios typically face three core challenges: 1) Lack of stable mains power, requiring self-powered electricity; 2) The environment is complex, requiring the equipment to have high reliability; 3) The measurement points are scattered and the communication conditions are poor, so low power consumption is required to extend the lifespan and ensure the effectiveness of data synchronization.

[0003] In the existing technology, data acquisition terminals powered by solar energy are quite common, but they usually have the following shortcomings: First, the power management is crude, resulting in insufficient battery life in continuous rainy weather, or the battery is easily damaged by overcharging and over-discharging; Second, the acquisition unit and control unit are tightly coupled, and the anti-interference design is insufficient, resulting in decreased sampling accuracy in strong electromagnetic environments; Third, the signal synchronization between multiple nodes depends on software or general wireless protocols, and it is difficult to achieve high-precision hardware-level synchronization in low-power sleep-wake mode, resulting in poor synchronization accuracy and high power consumption.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a self-powered data acquisition and control device that integrates efficient energy management, hardware-level synchronous triggering, and enhanced anti-interference design. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this application is to provide a low-power, self-powered, remote signal synchronization acquisition and control device.

[0006] In the first aspect, the low-power self-powered remote signal synchronous acquisition and control device provided in this application adopts the following technical solution: including a PCB circuit board and a solar panel; the PCB circuit board integrates a power management module, a digital control module, and an analog acquisition module, and a metal shielding cover soldered to the PCB ground layer is attached to the outside of the PCB circuit board; The power management module includes an intelligent charging management circuit, a main energy storage battery, and a backup solid-state capacitor. The input terminal of the intelligent charging management circuit is connected to the solar panel, and its output terminal is connected to the main energy storage battery and the backup solid-state capacitor, respectively. The digital control module includes a core control unit and a wireless communication unit, and the core control unit is electrically connected to the wireless communication unit. The core control unit is electrically connected to the power management module, the analog acquisition module, and the wireless communication unit respectively to coordinate control.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solution, the core functional modules are highly integrated on a single PCB, and an overall electromagnetic shield is formed by a metal shielding cover, which effectively suppresses the interference of the complex external electromagnetic environment on the internal circuit, while reducing the size of the device. In particular, the innovative power management architecture integrates the main energy storage battery and the backup solid capacitor, and constructs a dual-insurance power supply system that combines the main and secondary batteries.

[0008] Preferably, the intelligent charging management circuit has maximum power point tracking (MPPT) capability, and one of its outputs charges the backup solid-state capacitor through a low-dropout linear regulator.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solutions, the MPPT function can maximize the energy conversion efficiency of solar panels, especially improve charging capacity when the light conditions are poor, and provide precise and efficient float charging for backup capacitors through a low dropout linear regulator.

[0010] Preferably, the analog acquisition module includes an isolated synchronous trigger signal interface, which is connected to the hardware timer of the core control unit for receiving or sending hardware synchronization pulses.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, precise hardware-level synchronization between multiple acquisition devices is achieved, rather than relying on software instructions or network protocols with uncertain delays. The master node's hardware timer directly generates synchronization pulses, triggering data conversion of all slave nodes, with synchronization accuracy reaching the microsecond level.

[0012] Preferably, the isolated synchronous trigger signal interface uses an optocoupler or magnetic coupler isolation chip to achieve electrical isolation.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, electrical isolation is achieved on the physical transmission path of the synchronization signal, cutting off the loop that may be formed between different devices or between a device and a sensor due to grounding potential difference.

[0014] Preferably, the PCB circuit board is provided with a physical isolation strip to separate the area where the analog acquisition module is located from the area where the digital control module is located, and the metal shielding cover at least covers the area where the analog acquisition module is located.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution and through physical partitioning on the PCB layout, the radiation interference of high-speed switching noise of digital circuits on high-precision analog sampling circuits is reduced from the source, and the local shielding cover further strengthens the protection of the analog area.

[0016] Preferably, the analog acquisition module is equipped with a π-type filter circuit and a transient voltage suppression diode on its signal input line.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solutions, the π-type filter circuit can effectively filter out high-frequency noise and power frequency interference introduced from the sensor leads; the transient voltage suppression diode can quickly clamp the instantaneous high-voltage surge caused by lightning strike induction, electrostatic discharge, etc.

[0018] Preferably, the analog acquisition module includes an analog multiplexer and a high-precision analog-to-digital converter. The multiple input terminals of the analog multiplexer are used to connect to external sensors, and its output terminal is connected to the input terminal of the high-precision analog-to-digital converter.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, multiple analog signals are acquired by using time-division multiplexing of a single high-precision ADC, which significantly reduces the number of expensive high-precision ADC chips used while ensuring sampling accuracy.

[0020] Preferably, the wireless communication unit is one of NB-IoT, LoRa, or 4G Cat.1 module.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solutions, mainstream low-power wide-area network (LPWAN) technologies were selected. These technologies feature wide coverage, low power consumption, and large connectivity, making them very suitable for remote, distributed monitoring scenarios with small data volumes.

[0022] Preferably, the device further includes an integrated housing, in which the PCB circuit board is mounted; the solar panel is connected to the integrated housing via an angle-adjustable bracket.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solutions, the integrated housing provides physical and environmental protection for the internal precision circuitry, and the adjustable solar panel angle design allows for manual optimization of the panel tilt angle according to the latitude and season of the installation location.

[0024] Preferably, the integrated housing further includes a battery compartment separate from the main cavity, in which the main energy storage battery is housed, and the battery compartment is provided with a door with a sealing ring.

[0025] By adopting the above technical solution, physical and maintenance isolation between the energy storage unit and the main control circuit is achieved. When the battery needs to be replaced, it can be operated by simply opening the independent battery compartment door, without opening the main cavity and damaging the sealing and dustproof and waterproof integrity of the core system.

[0026] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects of a low-power, self-powered, remote signal synchronization acquisition and control device: 1. Through a dual-layer power supply architecture of main energy storage battery and backup solid capacitor, combined with intelligent charging management with MPPT function, not only is the solar energy utilization efficiency maximized, but safety redundancy is also provided in extreme weather conditions such as continuous cloudy and rainy weather. When the main battery is depleted, the backup capacitor can seamlessly take over to ensure the final critical data saving and uploading is completed, and orderly shutdown is achieved. This effectively prevents battery over-discharge damage and critical data loss, and greatly improves the reliability and data integrity of the system in harsh power supply environments. 2. By adopting an independent hardware-isolated synchronous triggering channel, microsecond-level hardware-level synchronization between multiple nodes is achieved, completely eliminating the latency uncertainty and high communication overhead of software protocol synchronization. This design allows the slave node controller to remain in deep sleep during the synchronization interval and be woken up by hardware pulses only at precise moments to collect data. This minimizes the additional system power consumption generated to achieve high-precision synchronization and solves the core contradiction of high precision and low power consumption in remote synchronous acquisition systems. 3. Through a three-dimensional shielding structure consisting of PCB partitioning, overall metal shielding, and focused shielding of analog areas, the radiated interference of digital noise on analog signals is spatially isolated; A π-type filter circuit and a transient voltage suppressor diode (TVS) are installed at the signal input to effectively filter out conducted high-frequency noise and resist surge impact. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall connection structure of this utility model; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the power management module of this utility model; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the circuit structure of the analog acquisition module of this utility model.

[0028] In the diagram: PCB circuit board-1, power management module-2, digital control module-3, analog acquisition module-4, solar panel-5, intelligent charging management circuit-21, main energy storage battery-22, backup solid capacitor-23, core control unit-31, and wireless communication unit-32. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1 - Appendix Figure 4 This application will be described in further detail below.

[0030] Example 1: A low-power, self-powered, remote signal synchronization acquisition and control device, referring to... Figures 1-4The system includes a PCB circuit board 1 and a solar panel 5. The PCB circuit board 1 integrates a power management module 2, a digital control module 3, and an analog acquisition module 4. A metal shield soldered to the PCB ground layer is attached to the outside of the PCB circuit board 1. The power management module 2 includes an intelligent charging management circuit 21, a main energy storage battery 22, and a backup solid-state capacitor 23. The input terminal of the intelligent charging management circuit 21 is connected to the solar panel 5, and its output terminal is connected to the main energy storage battery 22 and the backup solid-state capacitor 23, respectively. The digital control module 3 includes a core control unit 31 and a wireless communication unit 32. The core control unit 31 is electrically connected to the wireless communication unit 32. The core control unit 31 is electrically connected to the power management module 2, the analog acquisition module 4, and the wireless communication unit 32 respectively for coordinated control. The core functional modules are highly integrated on a single PCB and an overall electromagnetic shield is formed by a metal shield, which effectively suppresses the interference of the complex external electromagnetic environment on the internal circuit and reduces the size of the device. In particular, the innovative power management architecture integrates the main energy storage battery 22 and the backup solid capacitor 23 to build a dual-insurance power supply system that combines the main and secondary batteries. When the main battery voltage is depleted, the capacitor provides critical backup energy, ensuring the final critical data upload and the execution of the safe shutdown procedure, which greatly improves the reliability and data integrity of the system under extreme weather conditions.

[0031] In this application, the intelligent charging management circuit 21 has a maximum power point tracking (MPPT) function, and one of its outputs charges the backup solid-state capacitor 23 through a low-dropout linear regulator. The MPPT function can maximize the energy conversion efficiency of the solar panel 5, especially improving the charging capacity when the light conditions are poor. The low-dropout linear regulator provides precise and efficient float charging for the backup capacitor, ensuring that the backup capacitor is always fully charged and ready for use. At the same time, it avoids damage to the capacitor caused by unstable charging voltage, ensuring the immediate availability and long life of the backup power supply. The analog acquisition module 4 includes an isolated synchronous trigger signal interface, which is connected to the hardware timer of the core control unit 31 to receive or send hardware synchronization pulses. This achieves precise hardware-level synchronization between multiple acquisition devices, rather than relying on software instructions or network protocols with uncertain delays. The hardware timer of the master node directly generates synchronization pulses, triggering the data conversion of all slave nodes. The synchronization accuracy can reach the microsecond level. This method greatly reduces the software overhead and communication power consumption generated to achieve synchronization, allowing the slave node core controller to be in deep sleep most of the time, significantly reducing the overall power consumption of the system.

[0032] In some embodiments, the isolated synchronous trigger signal interface uses optocoupler or magnetic coupling isolation chips to achieve electrical isolation, realizing electrical isolation on the physical transmission path of the synchronization signal. This cuts off loops that may be formed between different devices or between a device and a sensor due to ground potential differences, effectively avoiding the introduction of common-mode interference and ensuring the purity of the synchronization signal and system stability in long-distance, complex grounding environments. A physical isolation strip is provided on the PCB circuit board 1 to separate the area where the analog acquisition module 4 is located from the area where the digital control module 3 is located. The metal shielding cover at least covers the area where the analog acquisition module 4 is located. Through physical partitioning on the PCB layout, the number of digital circuits is reduced at the source. High-speed switching noise radiates interference to the high-precision analog sampling circuit. The local shielding cover further strengthens the protection of the analog area, forming a dual anti-interference structure of overall shielding plus key area reinforcement shielding. This significantly improves the acquisition accuracy and stability of weak analog signals. The signal input line of the analog acquisition module 4 is equipped with a π-type filter circuit and a transient voltage suppression diode. The π-type filter circuit can effectively filter out high-frequency noise and power frequency interference introduced from the sensor leads; the transient voltage suppression diode can quickly clamp the instantaneous high-voltage surge caused by lightning strike induction, electrostatic discharge, etc., providing reliable protection for the downstream precision sampling circuit and enhancing the survivability and reliability of the device in harsh outdoor electrical environments.

[0033] It should be noted that the analog acquisition module 4 includes an analog multiplexer and a high-precision analog-to-digital converter. The multiple input terminals of the analog multiplexer are used to connect to external sensors, and its output terminal is connected to the input terminal of the high-precision analog-to-digital converter. It uses time-division multiplexing of a single high-precision ADC to acquire multiple analog signals. While ensuring sampling accuracy, it significantly reduces the number of expensive high-precision ADC chips used, effectively reducing hardware costs and circuit board area. This structure also makes channel expansion more flexible and power consumption control more centralized. The wireless communication unit 32 is one of NB-IoT, LoRa, or 4G Cat.1 modules, and uses the current mainstream low-power wide area network technology. These technologies feature wide coverage, low power consumption, and high connectivity, making them ideal for remote, distributed monitoring scenarios with small data volumes. They are key to achieving the device's two core characteristics: low power consumption and remote communication, ensuring reliable data transmission to the cloud or control center. The device also includes an integrated housing, within which the PCB circuit board 1 is mounted. The solar panel 5 is connected to the integrated housing via an angle-adjustable bracket. The integrated housing provides physical and environmental protection for the internal precision circuitry. The adjustable angle design of the solar panel 5 allows manual optimization of the panel tilt angle based on the latitude and season of the installation location, maximizing solar radiation reception and improving energy capture efficiency year-round. This is crucial for systems relying on solar power. The integrated housing also includes a battery compartment independent of the main cavity, where the main energy storage battery 22 is housed. The battery compartment has a sealed door, achieving physical and maintenance isolation between the energy storage unit and the main control circuit. When battery replacement is required, only the independent battery compartment door needs to be opened, without opening the main cavity and compromising the core system's sealing and dustproof / waterproof integrity. This greatly simplifies the on-site maintenance process, reduces maintenance risks, and helps maintain the long-term stable protection level of the main system.

[0034] The implementation principle of this application embodiment is as follows: The low-power self-powered remote signal synchronization acquisition and control device described in this embodiment follows a collaborative working mode of autonomous energy management, low-power sleep mode, precise hardware synchronization acquisition, and reliable data transmission. The specific process is as follows: Phase 1: Autonomous Energy Acquisition and Intelligent Management Energy harvesting: Solar panel 5 converts light energy into electrical energy and outputs it to power management module 2; High-efficiency charging: The intelligent charging management circuit 21 with MPPT function tracks and locks the maximum power output point of the solar panel in real time, so as to supply power to the entire system and charge the main energy storage battery 22 with the highest efficiency. Tiered energy storage: The system’s electrical energy is mainly stored in the main energy storage battery 22; at the same time, the intelligent charging management circuit 21 performs fine float charging on the backup solid capacitor 23 connected in parallel with the main energy storage battery 22 through a low-dropout linear regulator, so that it always keeps the battery fully charged as an emergency backup power source. Power monitoring and switching: The core control unit 31 continuously monitors the voltage of the main energy storage battery 22; when the voltage is normal, the system is powered by the main battery; when the main battery voltage is detected to drop to the minimum operating threshold due to continuous rainy weather, the switching circuit in the power management module 2 will seamlessly and automatically switch the system power supply to the backup solid-state capacitor 23; the core control unit 31 then triggers a low-battery emergency interrupt, executes the last critical data acquisition, saving and uploading process, and then actively enters deep sleep or shutdown state, thereby preventing the main battery from being damaged due to over-discharge and ensuring the integrity of data in extreme cases; after the sunlight recovers and the main battery voltage rises, the system automatically restarts; Phase Two: Low-Power Sleep and Timed / Event-Based Wake-Up Normal sleep mode: During non-working periods, the core control unit 31 controls itself, the wireless communication unit 32 and the non-essential circuits in the analog acquisition module 4 to enter deep sleep or shut-off state, while only the necessary hardware timers, power monitoring circuits and external interrupt interfaces are kept in a very low power consumption state, so that the overall static current of the system is reduced to the microampere level. Wake-up mechanism: The system can be woken up in three main ways: Timed wake-up: A periodic interrupt signal is generated by a built-in hardware timer; Synchronization signal wake-up: The slave node receives a hardware synchronization pulse from the master node via its isolated synchronization trigger signal interface, generating an interrupt; Remote command wake-up: The wireless communication unit 32 receives a wake-up command from a remote server; Phase 3: High-precision hardware synchronous data acquisition Synchronous triggering: Upon reaching the predetermined acquisition time or receiving a synchronization command, the core control unit 31 of the master node starts its hardware timer to generate a precise narrow pulse; this pulse is broadcast out through an isolated synchronous trigger signal interface such as an optocoupler output via physical lines. Synchronous execution: All slave nodes receive this pulse through their own isolated synchronous trigger signal interface; this pulse is not parsed by software and is directly connected to the external conversion start pin of the high-precision analog-to-digital converter in the analog acquisition module 4 of this node, hard triggering all slave nodes to start analog-to-digital conversion at the same microsecond moment; Data acquisition: After the analog-to-digital conversion is completed, an interrupt signal is generated to wake up the core control unit 31 of each node; the controller reads the conversion result and can switch cyclically through the analog multiplexer switch to complete the acquisition of multiple sensor signals in sequence; this process ensures that the sampling time of all nodes is strictly synchronized, eliminating errors caused by software delay and network jitter; Phase 4: Data Processing and Reliable Backhaul Data processing: The core control unit 31 performs necessary processing on the collected raw data; Anti-interference guarantee: Throughout the acquisition and processing process, the physical isolation zone of the PCB, the metal shield covering the analog area, the π-type filter on the signal input line and the TVS diode work together to effectively suppress various interferences from spatial radiation, power fluctuations and long sensor lines, ensuring the accuracy of the data. Wireless transmission: The core control unit 31 wakes up the wireless communication unit 32 and sends the packaged data to the remote server or control center via a low-power wide area network; Return to sleep mode: After the data transmission is completed, the core control unit 31 puts all peripheral modules back into a low-power state, and the system as a whole returns to deep sleep mode, waiting for the start of the next working cycle.

[0035] The embodiments described in this specific implementation are preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Identical components are represented by the same reference numerals. Therefore, all equivalent changes made to the structure, shape, and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A low-power, self-powered, remote signal synchronization acquisition and control device, characterized in that: Includes a PCB circuit board (1) and a solar panel (5); the PCB circuit board (1) integrates a power management module (2), a digital control module (3), and an analog acquisition module (4), and a metal shielding cover soldered to the PCB ground layer is attached to the outside of the PCB circuit board (1); The power management module (2) includes an intelligent charging management circuit (21), a main energy storage battery (22) and a backup solid capacitor (23). The input terminal of the intelligent charging management circuit (21) is connected to the solar panel (5), and its output terminal is connected to the main energy storage battery (22) and the backup solid capacitor (23) respectively. The digital control module (3) includes a core control unit (31) and a wireless communication unit (32), wherein the core control unit (31) is electrically connected to the wireless communication unit (32); The core control unit (31) is electrically connected to the power management module (2), the analog acquisition module (4) and the wireless communication unit (32) respectively to coordinate control.

2. The low-power self-powered remote signal synchronization acquisition and control device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The intelligent charging management circuit (21) has maximum power point tracking function, and one of its outputs charges the backup solid-state capacitor (23) through a low dropout linear regulator.

3. The low-power self-powered remote signal synchronization acquisition and control device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The analog acquisition module (4) includes an isolated synchronous trigger signal interface, which is connected to the hardware timer of the core control unit (31) for receiving or sending hardware synchronization pulses.

4. The low-power self-powered remote signal synchronization acquisition and control device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The isolated synchronous trigger signal interface uses an optocoupler or magnetic coupler isolation chip to achieve electrical isolation.

5. The low-power self-powered remote signal synchronization acquisition and control device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The PCB circuit board (1) is provided with a physical isolation strip to separate the area where the analog acquisition module (4) is located from the area where the digital control module (3) is located. The metal shield covers at least the area where the analog acquisition module (4) is located.

6. The low-power self-powered remote signal synchronization acquisition and control device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The analog acquisition module (4) is equipped with a π-type filter circuit and a transient voltage suppression diode on its signal input line.

7. The low-power self-powered remote signal synchronization acquisition and control device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The analog acquisition module (4) includes an analog multiplexer and a high-precision analog-to-digital converter. The multiple input terminals of the analog multiplexer are used to connect to external sensors, and its output terminal is connected to the input terminal of the high-precision analog-to-digital converter.

8. The low-power self-powered remote signal synchronization acquisition and control device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wireless communication unit (32) is one of NB-IoT, LoRa or 4G Cat.1 module.

9. A low-power self-powered remote signal synchronous acquisition and control device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The device also includes an integrated housing, in which the PCB circuit board (1) is installed; the solar panel (5) is connected to the integrated housing via an angle-adjustable bracket.

10. A low-power self-powered remote signal synchronization acquisition and control device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The integrated housing also includes a battery compartment separate from the main cavity, in which the main energy storage battery (22) is housed, and the battery compartment is provided with a door with a sealing ring.

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