A switch cabinet with a self-circulating air duct structure

Abstract

The utility model relates to electrical equipment technical field discloses a switchgear of self -circulation air duct structure, including the cabinet, two side guards are symmetrically arranged in the left and right sides in the cabinet and form the air duct chamber between the back of each side guard and the cabinet inner wall. The upper and lower positions in the cabinet are fixed with two supporting plates in the transverse direction, and an equipment chamber is formed between the back of each supporting plate and the inner wall of the cabinet. By the fan, the closed air duct chamber and the uniformly distributed airflow hole, a forced air self -circulation loop is constructed in the cabinet, the circulating air is cooled by the liquid cooling pipe, the heat exchange efficiency is high, and the heat exchange with the outside is reduced. Under the action of pressure, the cold air flow is evenly and smoothly sent into the main equipment space from the side guard, effectively avoiding the airflow dead angle and local overheating problem under the traditional heat dissipation mode, ensuring the balance of the overall temperature in the cabinet, and significantly improving the operation stability and the life of the equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of electrical equipment technology, specifically to a switch cabinet with a self-circulating air duct structure. Background Technology

[0002] Switchgear, as a crucial power distribution device in a power system, integrates numerous heat-generating components such as circuit breakers, contactors, and instrument transformers. During long-term operation, these components generate a significant amount of heat. If this heat cannot be dissipated in time, the internal temperature of the cabinet will continue to rise. Excessively high operating temperatures will accelerate the aging of insulation materials, reduce the electrical performance and lifespan of components, and even cause equipment failures and tripping, posing a serious threat to the stability and reliability of the entire power supply system.

[0003] Currently, common heat dissipation methods for switchgear mainly rely on natural ventilation or forced air cooling. Natural ventilation switchgear utilizes air convection for heat dissipation through louvers. While its structure is simple, its heat dissipation efficiency is low, and it is difficult to use in enclosed or dusty industrial environments. This can easily lead to the accumulation of dust and impurities inside the cabinet, causing insulation degradation and short-circuit risks. Although forced air cooling switchgear improves heat dissipation capacity by adding fans, it generally suffers from chaotic airflow organization and the existence of heat dissipation dead zones, resulting in uneven temperature distribution inside the cabinet and persistent localized overheating.

[0004] In addition, most traditional heat dissipation solutions are "passive" heat dissipation, that is, after the fan is turned on, it blows the entire cabinet space evenly, which cannot target specific high-heat equipment for cooling, resulting in high energy consumption and low efficiency.

[0005] Therefore, developing a self-circulating cooling system that can achieve efficient, uniform, and targeted heat dissipation while effectively isolating external pollution has become the key to solving the heat dissipation problem of high-density, high-heat-generating switch cabinets. Utility Model Content

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a switch cabinet with a self-circulating air duct structure, including a cabinet body, with two side guards arranged vertically symmetrically on the left and right sides of the cabinet body, and an air duct chamber formed between the back of each side guard and the inner wall of the cabinet body.

[0007] There are two horizontally fixed trays at the top and bottom of the cabinet, and the back of each tray forms an equipment chamber between itself and the inner wall of the cabinet.

[0008] The intersection of the two side panels and the two trays, located at the four corners of the inner wall of the cabinet, forms a filter space.

[0009] The air duct chamber is equipped with a conveying component for delivering cold air into the cabinet.

[0010] The equipment chamber is equipped with a fan for collecting airflow inside the cabinet and conveying it into the air duct chamber. A transmission pipe connecting the fan to its interior is provided on the side of the fan.

[0011] The filtration space is equipped with a removable filter cartridge for filtering the delivered airflow.

[0012] Preferably, multiple airflow holes are distributed on the side guard plate.

[0013] Preferably, guide rails are fixed on both sides of the side guard plate along its length, and limit grooves are formed on the guide rails.

[0014] Preferably, an adjustment assembly is installed on the side guard plate. The adjustment assembly includes a threaded rod rotatably connected in the limiting slide groove. One end of the threaded rod passes through the bottom end of the guide rail plate and is fixed with a micro motor. The cylinder of the micro motor is fixed on the support plate located below.

[0015] Preferably, the delivery assembly includes a liquid-cooled pipe fixed between two pallets and located within the air duct chamber, and an air delivery pipe that passes through the pallets and connects to the filter cartridge, with the nozzle of the air delivery pipe facing the liquid-cooled pipe.

[0016] Preferably, the pallet has a docking groove, and a protective net is fixed in the docking groove, covering the interface of the fan.

[0017] Preferably, the cabinet is equipped with a liftable air collection component. The air collection component includes two hollow plates that are attached to the opposite sides of the two side panels. Each hollow plate has a slider symmetrically arranged at both ends. The slider is slidably connected in a limiting groove and threadedly connected to the side of a threaded rod.

[0018] Preferably, the hollow plate has a connecting groove on its front side and along its length, and an exhaust pipe is rotatably connected in the connecting groove. On one side of the exhaust pipe, multiple exhaust holes are distributed along its length.

[0019] Preferably, both ends of the exhaust pipe are equipped with rotary knobs, and motors are fixed at both ends inside the hollow plate, with the output end of the motor fixed on the rotary knob.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, this utility model provides a switch cabinet with a self-circulating air duct structure, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] 1. This switchgear with a self-circulating air duct structure constructs a forced air self-circulation loop within the cabinet through a fan, a closed air duct chamber, and evenly distributed airflow holes. The circulating air is cooled by liquid cooling pipes, resulting in high heat exchange efficiency and reduced heat exchange with the outside environment. Under pressure, the cold airflow is evenly and steadily delivered into the main equipment space from the side panel, effectively avoiding the airflow dead zones and local overheating problems of traditional heat dissipation methods. This ensures the overall temperature balance within the cabinet and significantly improves the operational stability and lifespan of the equipment.

[0022] 2. The switch cabinet with this self-circulating air duct structure has a liftable air collection component installed inside the cabinet. Driven by a micro motor, the air collection component can be vertically moved to the height of any overheated equipment inside the cabinet, concentrating and collecting the originally dispersed cold airflow. Through the rotatable exhaust pipe, the airflow is accurately and powerfully sprayed onto the key heat-generating components, greatly improving the cooling efficiency of high heat-generating points and achieving targeted heat dissipation performance.

[0023] 3. This switchgear with a self-circulating air duct structure completes the entire heat dissipation system within a sealed cabinet, effectively isolating it from the intrusion of harmful substances such as external dust, moisture, and corrosive gases. Combined with a detachable filter cartridge, it continuously purifies the circulating air, ensuring that the electrical components inside the cabinet are always in a clean and dry operating environment. This fundamentally reduces the risk of insulation failures and short circuits caused by dust accumulation and condensation, making it particularly suitable for dusty and harsh industrial environments such as chemical, metallurgical, and dusty industries. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the device of this utility model;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the cabinet of this utility model;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the overall front view of the device of this utility model;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the overall structure of the device of this utility model;

[0028] Figure 5 This utility model Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure at point A in the middle;

[0029] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the internal planar structure of the hollow plate and exhaust pipe of this utility model.

[0030] The attached diagram lists the components represented by each number as follows:

[0031] 1. Cabinet;

[0032] 2. Side guard plate; 21. Airflow hole; 22. Guide rail plate; 221. Limiting slide groove; 23. Adjustment assembly; 231. Threaded rod; 232. Micro motor;

[0033] 3. Air duct chamber; 31. Conveying assembly; 311. Liquid cooling pipe; 312. Gas delivery pipe;

[0034] 4. Pallet; 41. Connecting groove; 42. Protective netting;

[0035] 5. Equipment chamber; 51. Fan; 52. Transmission pipe;

[0036] 6. Filtration space; 61. Filter cartridge;

[0037] 7. Air collection assembly; 71. Hollow plate; 711. Slider; 72. Connecting groove; 73. Exhaust pipe; 731. Exhaust hole; 74. Rotary knob; 75. Motor. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0039] Example 1

[0040] Please see Figure 1 - Figure 6 As shown, the switch cabinet with a self-circulating air duct structure proposed in this embodiment includes a rectangular metal cabinet 1, which has good strength and sealing performance to protect the internal equipment. A door is installed at the opening of the cabinet 1. When the cabinet is closed, the door is pressed against the inside of the opening of the cabinet 1 by the sealing strip set on the edge, so as to achieve a full sealing effect.

[0041] Two side panels 2 are vertically symmetrically installed on the left and right sides inside the cabinet 1. Each side panel 2 is made of corrosion-resistant metal sheet and is fixed to the top and bottom walls inside the cabinet 1 by welding at both ends. The back of the side panel 2 forms a longitudinal air duct chamber 3 between itself and the inner wall of the cabinet 1. The air duct chamber 3 serves as an airflow channel to guide the cold airflow to circulate inside the cabinet.

[0042] Meanwhile, multiple airflow holes 21 are distributed on the side panel 2. The airflow holes 21 are evenly arranged, allowing cold airflow to enter the cabinet 1 from the air duct chamber 3, and at the same time, the equipment is cooled evenly.

[0043] Two horizontally fixed support plates 4 are located at the upper and lower parts of the cabinet 1. Each support plate 4 is made of corrosion-resistant metal sheet and is fixed to the inner walls of the cabinet 1 by welding at both ends. The back of the support plate and the inner wall of the cabinet 1 form a horizontal equipment chamber 5. A fan 51 is installed in the equipment chamber 5. A transmission pipe 52 is provided on the side of the fan 51 to connect to its interior. The fan 51 is centrifugal or axial and is electrically driven. It is used to collect the airflow in the cabinet 1 and send the airflow back into the cabinet through the air duct chamber 3 to form a self-circulation.

[0044] The intersection of the two side panels 2 and the two trays 4, located at the four corners of the inner wall of the cabinet 1, forms a filtration space 6. A strip-shaped filter cartridge 61 that matches the internal space is installed in the filtration space 6. The filter cartridge 61 can be easily installed and removed by a pull-out method. The filter cartridge 61 is composed of an outer cylindrical hollow shell and an inner cylindrical filter element. The side of the hollow shell has a groove that connects to the transmission pipe 52, and both ends of the upper part of the hollow shell have round holes that connect to its interior. The filter element uses high-efficiency filter material (such as HEPA or activated carbon) to filter the airflow and remove dust and impurities.

[0045] The air duct chamber 3 is equipped with a conveying assembly 31 for conveying cold air into the cabinet 1. The assembly includes two liquid cooling pipes 311 fixed between two trays 4 and located near the center of the air duct chamber 3. The two liquid cooling pipes 311 are made of copper or aluminum and have coolant (such as ethylene glycol aqueous solution) flowing inside. They are cooled by connecting to an external refrigeration system (not shown in the figure).

[0046] Meanwhile, the conveying assembly 31 also includes two or more air supply pipes 312 (located outside the liquid cooling pipe 311) that are movably connected to the air duct chamber 3. The air supply pipes 312 are rigid pipes, and both ends of the air supply pipes 312 pass through the support plate 4 and are threaded into the round holes opened in the hollow shell of the filter cylinder 61 to realize the flow of air between the cylinder and the interior of the air supply pipes 312. Multiple nozzles are distributed on the side of the air supply pipes 312, and the nozzles face the liquid cooling pipes 311, so that when the air flow from the filter cylinder 61 enters the air duct chamber 3 through the air supply pipes 312, it combines with the cold air generated by the liquid cooling pipes 311 to form a cold air flow.

[0047] The pallet 4 has a docking groove 41 located in the central area of ​​the pallet 4. A protective net 42 is fixed inside the docking groove 41. The protective net 42 is made of metal wire mesh and covers the interface of the fan 51 to prevent large particles of debris from entering the fan 51 and ensure the safe operation of the equipment.

[0048] The working principle of the switch cabinet with the self-circulating air duct structure proposed in this embodiment is as follows: When in use, the fan 51 in the equipment chamber 5 is started to operate, generating negative pressure inside the cabinet 1, collecting hot air inside the cabinet, and pressurizing the air through the high-speed rotation of the fan blades inside the fan 51, which is then fed into the filter cartridge 61 through the transmission pipe 52 to filter and remove dust and impurities in the air, forming a clean airflow.

[0049] Clean airflow is ejected from the nozzle on the side of the air supply pipe 312 onto the surface of the liquid cooling pipe 311, where forced convection heat exchange occurs, cooling the airflow and forming a low-temperature cold airflow. The cold airflow accumulates in the air duct chamber 3 and generates pressure, and then is evenly and steadily delivered into the main equipment space inside the cabinet 1 through the evenly distributed airflow holes 21 on the side guard plate 2. The cold airflow exchanges heat with the electrical equipment (such as circuit breakers, contactors, etc.) inside the cabinet, absorbing the heat generated during equipment operation and raising its temperature to become hot air. The hot air is then drawn back into the fan 51, thus forming a complete and closed self-circulating cooling air duct of "filtration-cooling-transportation-heat exchange-recollection" to dissipate heat and cool the equipment inside the cabinet 1.

[0050] Example 2

[0051] Please see Figure 1 - Figure 6 As shown, the switch cabinet with the self-circulating air duct structure proposed in this embodiment, based on the first embodiment, further includes U-shaped guide rails 22 fixed along the length direction on both sides of the side guard plate 2. The guide rails 22 are made of metal and are connected to the side guard plate 2 by welding. On the guide rails 22, a limiting groove 221 is opened along the length direction. The limiting groove 221 serves as a sliding path to guide the movable component (the air collection component 7 described below) to rise and fall smoothly.

[0052] An adjustment assembly 23 is also installed on the side guard plate 2. The adjustment assembly 23 includes a threaded rod 231 rotatably connected in the limiting slide groove 221 (the two ends of the rod are installed at corresponding positions at the top and bottom of the groove through bearings). The threaded rod 231 is made of stainless steel. At the same time, the bottom end of the threaded rod 231 passes through the bottom end of the guide rail plate 22 and is fixed to the output end of the micro motor 232. The cylinder of the micro motor 232 is fixed at the corresponding position on the lower support plate 4. In addition, the output end of the micro motor 232 has a bidirectional rotation function and is connected to a wireless controller, which drives its operation.

[0053] The cabinet 1 is equipped with a height-adjustable air collection assembly 7. The air collection assembly 7 includes two C-shaped hollow plates 71 (with the openings facing the side plates 2) attached to the opposite sides of the two side guards 2. The hollow plates 71 are made of lightweight metal and have a hollow interior to form an airflow channel. Each hollow plate 71 has a slider 711 symmetrically arranged at both ends. The slider 711 is slidably connected in the limiting groove 221 and threaded to the side of the threaded rod 231. The threaded rod 231 is driven to rotate by a micro motor 232, and the slider 711 moves up and down along the limiting groove 221, thereby driving the hollow plate 71 to rise and fall. This collects the gas discharged from the multiple airflow holes 21 and blows it to the equipment at the corresponding height position to achieve targeted heat dissipation.

[0054] The hollow plate 71 has a connecting groove 72 on its front side and along its length. An exhaust pipe 73 is rotatably connected in the connecting groove 72 (the joint between the edge of the pipe and the connecting groove 72 is sealed with a sealing film to prevent airflow from escaping from the gap and causing the airflow to be scattered). The exhaust pipe 73 has a C-shaped cross section (the opening faces into the hollow plate 71). It is made of plastic or metal pipe. Multiple exhaust holes 731 are distributed along the length of one side of the exhaust pipe 73, so that the airflow entering the hollow plate 71 is discharged through the exhaust holes 731 and blown to the corresponding equipment.

[0055] Both ends of the exhaust pipe 73 are equipped with rotary knobs 74. Both ends of the hollow plate 71 are fixed with motors 75. The output end of the motor 75 is fixed on the rotary knobs 74. The motor 75 drives the exhaust pipe 73 to rotate through the control signal, adjusts the direction of the exhaust port 731, thereby changing the airflow injection angle and achieving accurate air delivery.

[0056] The working principle of the switch cabinet with the self-circulating air duct structure proposed in this embodiment is as follows: When in use, based on the self-circulating cooling in Embodiment 1, the wireless controller starts the micro motor 232, which drives the threaded rod 231 to rotate. Under the meshing force of the threaded rod 231 and the internal thread of the slider 711, the slider 711 moves along the internal path of the limiting slide groove 221, driving the entire air collection assembly 7 to rise and fall until it moves to the height position corresponding to the equipment to be cooled. At this time, most of the cold air discharged from the airflow hole 21 on the side guard plate 2 near this height will be collected by the hollow plate 71. The collected airflow enters the interior of the hollow plate 71 and enters the exhaust pipe 73 through the connecting groove 72. After pressure is formed, it is finally concentrated and sprayed out from a series of exhaust holes 731 on the side wall of the exhaust pipe 73, directly and powerfully blowing towards the overheated equipment to achieve key heat dissipation.

[0057] In addition, by activating the motors 75 at both ends of the hollow plate 71, the motors 75 drive the rotary knob 74 to rotate the entire exhaust pipe 73 on its axis. By changing the orientation of the exhaust holes 731 on the exhaust pipe 73, the jet angle of the airflow can be accurately adjusted, allowing the airflow to bypass small obstacles and most effectively impact the key heat-generating parts of the equipment, thereby achieving accurate air delivery and heat dissipation.

[0058] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A switchgear with a self-circulating air duct structure, characterized in that, Includes a cabinet (1), with two side panels (2) arranged vertically symmetrically on the left and right sides inside the cabinet (1), and an air duct chamber (3) is formed between the back of each side panel (2) and the inner wall of the cabinet (1); The cabinet (1) has two horizontally fixed trays (4) at the top and bottom, and the back of each tray (4) forms an equipment chamber (5) between the back of the tray (4) and the inner wall of the cabinet (1). The two side panels (2) and the two trays (4) intersect and form a filter space (6) at the four corners of the inner wall of the cabinet (1); The air duct chamber (3) is equipped with a conveying assembly (31) for conveying cold air into the cabinet (1); The equipment chamber (5) is equipped with a fan (51) for collecting airflow in the cabinet (1) and conveying it into the air duct chamber (3). A transmission pipe (52) is provided on the side of the fan (51) to connect to its interior. The filter space (6) is equipped with a detachable filter cartridge (61) for filtering the delivered airflow.

2. The switchgear with a self-circulating air duct structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side guard plate (2) is provided with multiple airflow holes (21).

3. The switchgear with a self-circulating air duct structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: On both sides of the side guard plate (2), and along its length, there is a guide rail plate (22), and a limit groove (221) is provided on the guide rail plate (22).

4. The switchgear with a self-circulating air duct structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: An adjustment assembly (23) is installed on the side guard plate (2). The adjustment assembly (23) includes a threaded rod (231) rotatably connected in the limiting slide groove (221). One end of the threaded rod (231) passes through the bottom end of the guide rail plate (22) and is fixed with a micro motor (232). The cylinder of the micro motor (232) is fixed on the support plate (4) located below.

5. A switchgear with a self-circulating air duct structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The delivery assembly (31) includes a liquid-cooled pipe (311) fixed between the two trays (4) and located in the air duct chamber (3), and an air supply pipe (312) that passes through the trays (4) and connects to the filter cartridge (61), with the nozzle of the air supply pipe (312) facing the liquid-cooled pipe (311).

6. A switch cabinet with a self-circulating air duct structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The tray (4) has a docking groove (41) and a protective net (42) is fixed in the docking groove (41). The protective net (42) covers the interface of the fan (51).

7. A switchgear with a self-circulating air duct structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cabinet (1) is equipped with a liftable air collection assembly (7). The air collection assembly (7) includes two hollow plates (71) that are attached to the opposite sides of the two side guards (2). Each hollow plate (71) has a slider (711) symmetrically arranged at both ends. The slider (711) is slidably connected in the limiting groove (221) and threadedly connected to the side of the threaded rod (231).

8. A switch cabinet with a self-circulating air duct structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: The hollow plate (71) has a connecting groove (72) on its front side and along its length. An exhaust pipe (73) is rotatably connected in the connecting groove (72). On one side of the exhaust pipe (73), a plurality of exhaust holes (731) are distributed along its length.

9. A switch cabinet with a self-circulating air duct structure according to claim 8, characterized in that: Both ends of the exhaust pipe (73) are provided with rotary knobs (74), and both ends of the hollow plate (71) are fixed with motors (75), and the output end of the motors (75) is fixed on the rotary knobs (74).

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