Charging power supply for high-voltage capacitor and protection circuit thereof

Abstract

The utility model relates to high pressure pulse power supply field discloses a kind of charging power supply of high voltage capacitor and its protection circuit, wherein, protection circuit is arranged between high voltage capacitor and charging power supply, protection circuit includes the main circuit between connecting charging power supply and high voltage capacitor, overcurrent protector and overvoltage protection branch connected between overcurrent protector and high voltage capacitor are connected in the main circuit;Overvoltage protection branch is connected between the high voltage end and ground terminal of main circuit;Overvoltage protection branch includes multiple choice switch and multiple first pressure-sensitive resistance, wherein, the voltage resistance grade of different first pressure-sensitive resistance is different;The common end of multiple choice switch is connected in one end between high voltage end and ground terminal;The multiple branch end of multiple choice switch is respectively connected in the other end between high voltage end and ground terminal by different first pressure-sensitive resistance respectively, guarantee the safety and reliability of high voltage capacitor charging process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of high-voltage power supplies, specifically to a charging power supply for a high-voltage capacitor and its protection circuit. Background Technology

[0002] High-voltage capacitors and charging power supplies are key components in high-voltage pulse power supplies. If the high-voltage capacitor or the charging power supply suddenly fails during the charging process, it can often lead to serious consequences.

[0003] During the charging process of a high-voltage capacitor, abnormal increases in main circuit current and voltage may occur due to a single or combined fault in the charging power supply and the high-voltage capacitor. Alternatively, during the charging process, a misoperation of the gas switch in the high-voltage pulse power supply may cause a sudden rise in ground potential, damaging the charging power supply. Although the charging power supply is designed with overvoltage and overcurrent protection circuits, overvoltage and overcurrent protection alone are insufficient. It is also necessary to consider that if a sudden fault occurs in the high-voltage capacitor charging power supply, causing a rapid drop in output voltage, the high voltage on the high-voltage capacitor will flow back into the high-voltage capacitor charging power supply, leading to damage to the high-voltage capacitor charging power supply. Other issues include the failure of the overvoltage and overcurrent protection circuits in the high-voltage charging power supply or unreasonable parameter settings.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to design a circuit that can provide comprehensive and reliable protection for the high-voltage capacitor and its charging power supply to ensure the safety and reliability of the high-voltage capacitor charging process. Utility Model Content

[0005] In view of this, the present invention provides a charging power supply for a high-voltage capacitor and its protection circuit to protect the high-voltage capacitor and the charging power supply from operating safely and reliably.

[0006] In a first aspect, this utility model provides a charging power supply protection circuit for a high-voltage capacitor, disposed between the high-voltage capacitor and the charging power supply. The protection circuit includes a main circuit connecting the charging power supply and the high-voltage capacitor, an overcurrent protector connected in series in the main circuit, and an overvoltage protection branch connected between the overcurrent protector and the high-voltage capacitor. The overvoltage protection branch is connected between the high-voltage terminal and the ground terminal of the main circuit. The overvoltage protection branch includes a multiplexer switch and multiple first varistors, wherein different first varistors have different withstand voltage ratings. The common terminal of the multiplexer switch is connected to one end of the high-voltage terminal and the ground terminal. The multiple branch terminals of the multiplexer switch are respectively connected to the other end of the high-voltage terminal and the ground terminal through different first varistors.

[0007] As an exemplary embodiment, the overcurrent protector includes a fuse.

[0008] As an exemplary embodiment, the multiplexer includes a single-pole multi-throw switch, the common terminal of which is connected to the overcurrent protector, and the multiple branch terminals of which are respectively connected to the first varistor.

[0009] As an exemplary embodiment, the main circuit further includes a first diode; the first diode is connected in series between the charging power supply and the high-voltage capacitor; the positive terminal of the first diode is connected to the charging power supply; and the negative terminal of the first diode is connected to the overcurrent protector.

[0010] As an exemplary embodiment, the charging power protection circuit of the high-voltage capacitor further includes a current-limiting inductor; the current-limiting inductor is connected in series between the overcurrent protector and the high-voltage terminal of the high-voltage capacitor.

[0011] As an exemplary embodiment, the charging power protection circuit of the high-voltage capacitor further includes a second diode and a second varistor; the negative terminal of the second diode is connected to the high-voltage terminal, and the positive terminal is connected to the varistor; one end of the second varistor is connected to the positive terminal of the second diode, and the other end is connected to the ground terminal of the high-voltage capacitor.

[0012] As an exemplary embodiment, the charging power protection circuit of the high-voltage capacitor further includes a clamping switch, one end of which is connected to the second varistor and the other end of which is connected to the ground terminal of the high-voltage capacitor.

[0013] As an exemplary embodiment, the charging power protection circuit of the high-voltage capacitor further includes a first switching unit and a second switching unit; the first switching unit is connected in series between the charging power supply and the high-voltage terminal of the high-voltage capacitor; the second switching unit is connected in series between the charging power supply and the ground terminal of the high-voltage capacitor.

[0014] As an exemplary embodiment, the first switching unit includes at least two high-voltage switches connected in series, and the second switching unit includes at least two high-voltage switches connected in series. In a second aspect, the utility model provides a charging power supply for a high-voltage capacitor, wherein the output terminal of the charging power supply is electrically connected to the charging terminal of the high-voltage capacitor, and a charging power supply protection circuit for the high-voltage capacitor as described in any of the above embodiments is further connected between the output terminal of the charging power supply and the charging terminal of the high-voltage capacitor.

[0015] This application has at least the following technical effects:

[0016] A protection circuit is installed between the high-voltage capacitor and the charging power supply. The protection circuit includes a main circuit connecting the charging power supply and the high-voltage capacitor, an overcurrent protector connected in series in the main circuit, and an overvoltage protection branch connected between the overcurrent protector and the high-voltage capacitor. The overvoltage protection branch is connected between the high-voltage terminal and the ground terminal of the main circuit. The overvoltage protection branch includes a multiplexer and multiple first varistors, wherein different first varistors have different withstand voltage ratings. The common terminal of the multiplexer is connected to one end of the high-voltage terminal and the ground terminal. The multiple branch terminals of the multiplexer are respectively connected to the other end of the high-voltage terminal and the ground terminal through different first varistors. The protection circuit includes an overcurrent protector connected in series in the main circuit. If the operating current in the main circuit exceeds the rated current of the overcurrent protector, an overvoltage protection circuit will activate. The overcurrent protector disconnects the electrical connection between the charging power supply and the high-voltage capacitor to achieve overcurrent protection and ensure the safe and reliable charging of the high-voltage capacitor. The overvoltage protection branch includes a multi-channel selector switch and first varistors with different withstand voltage ratings. The maximum output voltage of the charging power supply can be limited by the combination of the multi-channel selector switch and the first varistors with different withstand voltage ratings. After selecting the first varistor suitable for the high-voltage capacitor through the multi-channel selector switch, when the maximum output voltage of the charging power supply exceeds the breakdown voltage of the first varistor, the first varistor breaks down. The operating current in the main circuit is greater than the rated current of the overcurrent protector, and the overcurrent protector disconnects to disconnect the electrical connection between the charging power supply and the high-voltage capacitor. This prevents the maximum output voltage of the currently connected charging power supply from exceeding the maximum charging voltage of the high-voltage capacitor, ensuring the safe and reliable charging of the high-voltage capacitor and the safe and reliable charging process. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of this utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic modular diagram of a high-voltage capacitor charging power supply protection circuit according to an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a modular schematic diagram of a charging power supply protection circuit for a high-voltage capacitor according to another illustrative embodiment of the present utility model.

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic circuit diagram of a high-voltage capacitor charging power supply protection circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Reference numerals: 100, charging power supply; 200, protection circuit; 210, overcurrent protector; 220, overvoltage protection branch; 300, high-voltage capacitor; F1, fuse; MOV1, first varistor; D1, first diode; L1, current-limiting inductor; D2, second diode; MOV2, second varistor; K1, first high-voltage switch; K2, second high-voltage switch; K3, third high-voltage switch; K4, fourth high-voltage switch; K5, multiplexer switch; K6, clamping switch. Detailed Implementation

[0022] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0023] High-voltage capacitors and charging power supplies are key components in high-voltage pulse power supplies. If the high-voltage capacitor or the charging power supply suddenly fails during the charging process, it can often lead to serious consequences.

[0024] On the one hand, during the charging process of a high-voltage capacitor, abnormal increases in main circuit current and voltage may occur due to single or combined faults in the charging power supply and the high-voltage capacitor. Without overcurrent or overvoltage protection, this can lead to damage to the charging power supply and the high-voltage capacitor, either individually or jointly. For example, if the charging power supply suddenly fails during charging, causing a rapid drop in output voltage, the high voltage on the high-voltage capacitor will flow back into the charging power supply, further damaging it. Simultaneously, if the switching device in the high-voltage pulse power supply is accidentally turned on during charging, the discharge of the high-voltage capacitor can cause a sudden rise in the ground potential of the charging power supply, damaging it. Furthermore, if the charging power supply malfunctions for some reason and the output voltage rises abnormally, exceeding the withstand voltage of the high-voltage capacitor, it will damage the high-voltage capacitor.

[0025] On the other hand, in the related technologies, the charging power supply protection circuit for high voltage capacitors is usually set only with reference to the parameters of the connected high voltage capacitor when setting overvoltage protection or overcurrent protection. Since different high voltage capacitors have different withstand voltages, if the withstand voltage protection is not set adaptively based on the withstand voltage of the high voltage capacitor, the high voltage capacitor will also be damaged when the output voltage of the charging power supply exceeds the withstand voltage of the high voltage capacitor.

[0026] To address the aforementioned problems, according to an embodiment of this utility model, a charging power supply protection circuit for a high-voltage capacitor is provided. Figure 1 This is a schematic modular diagram of a high-voltage capacitor charging power supply protection circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown below. Figure 1 As shown, the protection circuit 200 includes a main circuit connecting the charging power supply 100 and the high-voltage capacitor 300, an overcurrent protector 210 connected in series in the main circuit, and an overvoltage protection branch 220 connected between the overcurrent protector 210 and the high-voltage capacitor 300; the overcurrent protector 210 connected in series in the main circuit and the overvoltage protection branch 220 connected between the overcurrent protector 210 and the high-voltage capacitor 300; the overvoltage protection branch 220 is connected between the high-voltage terminal and the ground terminal of the main circuit; the overvoltage protection branch 220 includes a multiplexer switch and a plurality of first varistors, wherein different first varistors have different withstand voltage ratings; the common terminal of the multiplexer switch is connected to one of the high-voltage terminal and the ground terminal; the plurality of branch terminals of the multiplexer switch are respectively connected to the other of the high-voltage terminal and the ground terminal through different first varistors.

[0027] In this embodiment, the protection circuit 200 includes an overcurrent protector 210 connected in series in the main circuit. If the operating current in the main circuit is greater than the rated current of the overcurrent protector 210, the overcurrent protector 210 will disconnect to disconnect the electrical connection between the charging power supply 100 and the high-voltage capacitor 300, thereby achieving overcurrent protection and ensuring the safe and reliable charging of the high-voltage capacitor 300.

[0028] For example, the rated current of the overcurrent protector 210 is less than or equal to the maximum charging current of the high-voltage capacitor 300.

[0029] In one embodiment, the common terminal of the multiplexer is connected to the ground terminal; the multiple branch terminals of the multiplexer are respectively connected to the high-voltage terminal through different first varistors.

[0030] In one embodiment, the common terminal of the multiplexer is connected to the high-voltage terminal; the multiple branch terminals of the multiplexer are respectively connected to the ground terminal through different first varistors.

[0031] For example, taking the example of the common terminal of the multiplexer being connected to the high-voltage terminal, and the multiple branch terminals of the multiplexer being connected to the ground terminal through different first varistors, the technical solution of this utility model is explained. Specifically, as an exemplary embodiment, Figure 2 This is a modular schematic diagram of a high-voltage capacitor charging power supply protection circuit according to another illustrative embodiment of the present invention, such as... Figure 2As shown, the overvoltage protection branch 220 includes a multiplexer K5 and multiple first varistor MOV1s, wherein the different first varistor MOV1s have different withstand voltage ratings; the common terminal of the multiplexer K5 is connected to the high voltage terminal; and the multiple branch terminals of the multiplexer K5 are respectively connected to the ground terminal through different first varistor MOV1s.

[0032] In this embodiment, the overvoltage protection branch 220 includes a multiplexer K5 and multiple first varistor MOV1s, wherein different first varistor MOV1s have different withstand voltage ratings; the common terminal of the multiplexer K5 is connected to one end of the high-voltage terminal and the ground terminal; the multiple branch terminals of the multiplexer K5 are respectively connected to the other end of the high-voltage terminal and the ground terminal through different first varistor MOV1s; the above connection method allows for the selection and limitation of the charging power supply 100 by the cooperation of the multiplexer K5 and the first varistor MOV1s with different withstand voltage ratings. The highest output voltage; after selecting the first varistor MOV1 suitable for the high voltage capacitor 300 through the multiplexer switch K5, when the highest output voltage of the charging power supply 100 exceeds the breakdown voltage of the first varistor MOV1, the first varistor MOV1 breaks down, the operating current on the main circuit is greater than the rated current of the overcurrent protector 210, the overcurrent protector 210 disconnects, so as to disconnect the electrical connection between the charging power supply 100 and the high voltage capacitor 300, so as to avoid the highest output voltage of the currently connected charging power supply 100 exceeding the highest charging voltage of the high voltage capacitor 300, and ensure the safe and reliable charging of the high voltage capacitor 300.

[0033] For example, the overcurrent protector 210 includes a fuse; specifically, Figure 3 This is a schematic circuit diagram of a high-voltage capacitor charging power supply protection circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown below. Figure 3 As shown, the overcurrent protector 210 includes a fuse F1 connected in series in the main circuit. If the operating current in the main circuit is greater than the rated current of the overcurrent protector 210, the fuse F1 will blow to disconnect the electrical connection between the charging power supply 100 and the high-voltage capacitor 300, thereby achieving overcurrent protection.

[0034] As an exemplary embodiment, the multiplexer switch K5 includes a single-pole multi-throw switch, the common terminal of which is connected to the overcurrent protector 210, and the multiple branch terminals of which are respectively connected to the first varistor MOV1.

[0035] In this embodiment, the multiplexer switch K5 includes a single-pole multi-throw switch. By actuating the common terminal and branch terminal of the single-pole multi-throw switch, the maximum output voltage of the charging power supply 100 can be limited so that the maximum output voltage of the charging power supply 100 matches the maximum charging voltage of the high-voltage capacitor 300, thereby preventing damage to the high-voltage capacitor 300 caused by excessively high output voltage of the charging power supply 100.

[0036] As an exemplary embodiment, the main circuit further includes a first diode D1; the first diode D1 is connected in series between the charging power supply 100 and the high-voltage capacitor 300; the positive terminal of the first diode D1 is connected to the overcurrent protector 210; and the negative terminal of the first diode D1 is connected to the high-voltage terminal of the high-voltage capacitor 300.

[0037] In this embodiment, the first diode D1 is connected in series between the charging power supply 100 and the high-voltage capacitor 300; the positive terminal of the first diode D1 is connected to the charging power supply; the negative terminal of the first diode D1 is connected to an overcurrent protector. The first diode D1 can prevent the high voltage on the high-voltage capacitor 300 from flowing back into the charging power supply 100 when the charging power supply 100 suddenly fails and the output voltage drops rapidly, thus protecting the charging power supply 100.

[0038] As an exemplary embodiment, the charging power protection circuit 200 of the high-voltage capacitor further includes a current-limiting inductor L1; the current-limiting inductor L1 is connected in series between the overcurrent protector 210 and the high-voltage terminal of the high-voltage capacitor 300.

[0039] In this embodiment, the current-limiting inductor L1 is connected in series between the overcurrent protector 210 and the high-voltage terminal of the high-voltage capacitor 300. When the current in the main circuit suddenly increases, the current-limiting inductor L1 can limit the rate of increase of the charging current.

[0040] For example, in a high-voltage system, if a short circuit occurs, the instantaneous short-circuit current will be very large; based on this, as an exemplary embodiment, the current-limiting inductor L1 is selected as an air-core inductor to prevent saturation.

[0041] Among them, without affecting the charging of the high-voltage capacitor 300, the larger the inductance of the current-limiting inductor L1, the better. The larger the inductance, the better the performance in suppressing sudden changes in charging current.

[0042] As an exemplary embodiment, the charging power protection circuit 200 of the high-voltage capacitor further includes a second diode D2 and a second varistor MOV2; the negative terminal of the second diode D2 is connected to the high-voltage terminal, and the positive terminal is connected to the varistor; one end of the second varistor MOV2 is connected to the positive terminal of the second diode D2, and the other end is connected to the ground terminal of the high-voltage capacitor 300.

[0043] In this embodiment, the high-voltage capacitor charging power supply protection circuit 200 further includes a second diode D2 and a second varistor MOV2; the connection of the second diode D2 and the second varistor MOV2 in series can play a voltage clamping role; during the charging process of the high-voltage capacitor 300, if the switching device is mistakenly turned on, the second diode D2 and the second varistor MOV2 in series will clamp the rise of the ground potential of the charging power supply 100, so as to avoid the sudden rise of the ground potential of the charging power supply 100 caused by the discharge of the high-voltage capacitor 300, and protect the charging power supply 100 from damage due to abnormal rise of ground potential.

[0044] As an exemplary embodiment, the charging power protection circuit 200 of the high-voltage capacitor also includes a clamping switch K6, one end of which is connected to the second varistor MOV2, and the other end is connected to the ground terminal of the high-voltage capacitor 300.

[0045] In this embodiment, the clamping switch K6 is connected to the ground terminal of the charging power supply 100; when the high-voltage capacitor 300 starts charging, the clamping switch K6 is closed; when the high-voltage capacitor 300 finishes charging, the clamping switch K6 is opened. When the high-voltage capacitor 300 is discharging normally, the second diode D2 and the second varistor MOV2 connected in series will not clamp the voltage on the high-voltage capacitor 300.

[0046] As an exemplary embodiment, the charging power protection circuit 200 for the high-voltage capacitor further includes a first switching unit and a second switching unit; the first switching unit is connected in series between the output terminal of the charging power supply 100 and the charging terminal of the high-voltage capacitor 300; the second switching unit is connected in series between the ground terminal of the charging power supply 100 and the ground terminal of the high-voltage capacitor 300; the first switching unit and the second switching unit are in a closed state when the charging power supply 100 is discharging, and in an open state when the high-voltage capacitor 300 is discharging.

[0047] In this embodiment, the first switching unit and the second switching unit are respectively connected to the output terminal and the ground terminal of the charging power supply 100. When it is necessary to charge the high-voltage capacitor 300, the first switching unit and the second switching unit are closed first, and then the charging power supply 100 charges the high-voltage capacitor 300. After charging is completed, the first switching unit and the second switching unit are opened, and then the high-voltage capacitor 300 discharges. In this way, when the high-voltage capacitor 300 discharges, the high-voltage capacitor 300 and the charging power supply 100 are disconnected, and the rise in ground potential caused by the discharge of the high-voltage capacitor 300 will not damage the charging power supply 100.

[0048] For example, the first switching unit and the second switching unit may be high-voltage relays.

[0049] As an exemplary embodiment, the first switching unit includes at least two high-voltage switches connected in series, and the second switching unit includes at least two high-voltage switches connected in series.

[0050] In this embodiment, the first switching unit includes at least two high-voltage switches connected in series, and the second switching unit includes at least two high-voltage switches connected in series. Even if any one of the multiple high-voltage switches connected in series in the first or second switching unit fails to disconnect due to contact sticking, one or more other high-voltage relays can still disconnect the circuit, thereby improving reliability.

[0051] Specifically, the first switching unit includes a first high-voltage switch K1 and a second high-voltage switch K2, and the second switching unit includes a third high-voltage switch K3 and a fourth high-voltage switch K4. One end of the first high-voltage switch K1 is connected to the high-voltage charging terminal of the charging power supply 100, and the other end is connected to the second high-voltage switch K2. One end of the second high-voltage switch K2 is connected to the first high-voltage switch K1, and the other end is connected to the high-voltage input terminal of the high-voltage capacitor 300. One end of the third high-voltage switch K3 is connected to the ground terminal of the charging power supply 100, and the other end is connected to the third high-voltage switch K4. One end of the third high-voltage switch K4 is connected to the fourth high-voltage switch K4, and the other end is connected to the ground terminal of the high-voltage capacitor 300.

[0052] In this embodiment, when the high-voltage capacitor 300 needs to be charged, the first high-voltage switch K1, the second high-voltage switch K2, the third high-voltage switch K3, and the fourth high-voltage switch K4 are closed first, and then the charging power supply 100 charges the high-voltage capacitor 300. After charging is completed, the first high-voltage switch K1, the second high-voltage switch K2, the third high-voltage switch K3, and the fourth high-voltage switch K4 are opened, and then the high-voltage capacitor 300 discharges. In this way, when the high-voltage capacitor 300 discharges, the high-voltage capacitor 300 and the charging power supply 100 are disconnected, and the rise in ground potential caused by the discharge of the high-voltage capacitor 300 will not damage the charging power supply 100. The first high-voltage switch K1, the second high-voltage switch K2, the third high-voltage switch K3, and the fourth high-voltage switch K4 are each connected in series with two high-voltage relays, which can prevent the circuit from being disconnected even if the contacts of any one of the first high-voltage switch K1, the second high-voltage switch K2, the third high-voltage switch K3, and the fourth high-voltage switch K4 stick together, thus improving reliability.

[0053] In one exemplary embodiment, the first high-voltage switch K1, the second high-voltage switch K2, the third high-voltage switch K3, and the fourth high-voltage switch K4 can be high-voltage relays.

[0054] Secondly, the utility model provides a charging power supply for a high-voltage capacitor, wherein the output terminal of the charging power supply is electrically connected to the charging terminal of the high-voltage capacitor, and a charging power supply protection circuit for the high-voltage capacitor as described in any one of the above embodiments is further connected between the output terminal of the charging power supply and the charging terminal of the high-voltage capacitor.

[0055] Optionally, specific examples in this embodiment can refer to the examples described in the above embodiments, and will not be repeated in this embodiment.

[0056] The sequence numbers of the embodiments in this application are for descriptive purposes only and do not represent the superiority or inferiority of the embodiments.

[0057] In the above embodiments of this application, the descriptions of each embodiment have different focuses. For parts not described in detail in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0058] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications without departing from the principles of this application, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A charging power supply protection circuit for a high-voltage capacitor, disposed between the high-voltage capacitor and the charging power supply, characterized in that, The protection circuit includes a main circuit connecting the charging power supply and the high-voltage capacitor, an overcurrent protector connected in series in the main circuit, and an overvoltage protection branch connecting the overcurrent protector and the high-voltage capacitor. The overvoltage protection branch is connected between the high-voltage terminal and the grounding terminal of the main circuit; The overvoltage protection branch includes a multiplexer switch and multiple first varistors, wherein the different first varistors have different withstand voltage ratings; The common terminal of the multiplexer is connected to one of the high-voltage terminal and the ground terminal; The multiple branch terminals of the multiplexer are respectively connected to the other end of the high-voltage terminal and the ground terminal through different first varistors.

2. The charging power supply protection circuit for the high-voltage capacitor as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The overcurrent protector includes a fuse.

3. The charging power supply protection circuit for the high-voltage capacitor as described in any one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that, The multiplexer includes a single-pole multi-throw switch, the common terminal of which is connected to the overcurrent protector, and the multiple branch terminals of which are respectively connected to the first varistor.

4. The charging power supply protection circuit for the high-voltage capacitor as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The main circuit also includes a first diode; the first diode is connected in series between the charging power supply and the high-voltage capacitor. The positive terminal of the first diode is connected to the charging power supply; The negative terminal of the first diode is connected to the overcurrent protector.

5. The charging power supply protection circuit for the high-voltage capacitor as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The charging power protection circuit of the high-voltage capacitor also includes a current-limiting inductor. The current-limiting inductor is connected in series between the overcurrent protector and the high-voltage terminal of the high-voltage capacitor.

6. The charging power supply protection circuit for the high-voltage capacitor as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a second diode and a second varistor; The negative terminal of the second diode is connected to the high-voltage terminal, and the positive terminal is connected to the varistor; One end of the second varistor is connected to the positive terminal of the second diode, and the other end is connected to the ground terminal of the high-voltage capacitor.

7. The charging power supply protection circuit for the high-voltage capacitor as described in claim 6, characterized in that, It also includes a clamping switch, one end of which is connected to the second varistor and the other end of which is connected to the grounding terminal of the high-voltage capacitor.

8. The charging power supply protection circuit for the high-voltage capacitor as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a first switching unit and a second switching unit; The first switching unit is connected in series between the charging power supply and the high-voltage terminal of the high-voltage capacitor; The second switching unit is connected in series between the charging power supply and the ground terminal of the high-voltage capacitor.

9. The charging power supply protection circuit for the high-voltage capacitor as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The first switching unit includes at least two high-voltage switches connected in series, and the second switching unit includes at least two high-voltage switches connected in series.

10. A charging power supply for a high-voltage capacitor, characterized in that, The output terminal of the charging power supply is electrically connected to the charging terminal of the high-voltage capacitor, and a charging power supply protection circuit for the high-voltage capacitor as described in any one of claims 1-9 is also connected between the output terminal of the charging power supply and the charging terminal of the high-voltage capacitor.

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