Host control circuit, host controller, and host control system

Abstract

The application discloses a host control circuit, a host controller and a host control system. The circuit comprises a control subcircuit, a communication subcircuit and a power supply circuit, the power supply circuit comprises a first power supply module, a second power supply module and a power supply switching module, the first power supply module is used for connecting an external power supply voltage, the first power supply module charges the second power supply module when the first power supply module connects the external power supply voltage, the power supply switching module selects the first power supply input end and the power supply output end, the second power supply module discharges the second power supply input end when the first power supply module does not connect the external power supply voltage, the power supply switching module selects the second power supply input end and the power supply output end, and sends a power-off state indication to the control subcircuit, so that the control subcircuit feeds back the power-off state to the cloud through the communication subcircuit. Through the circuit, the power-off condition can be accurately identified, and automatic backup power supply and power-off state reporting can be performed, so that the troubleshooting efficiency of the power-off accident is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of wireless communication technology, and in particular to a host control circuit, a host controller, and a host control system. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of wireless communication technology, host intelligent controllers based on protocols such as LoRa (Long Range Radio), Modbus RTU, or H-Link have been widely used in remote monitoring scenarios of industrial equipment (such as digital computer rooms, smart buildings, etc.) to realize data acquisition, remote control, and meter reading functions for equipment such as central air conditioning units, boilers, air compressors, and water, electricity, and gas meters, effectively reducing on-site wiring costs and improving system deployment flexibility.

[0003] However, due to the lack of a power outage detection mechanism in existing intelligent controllers, it is usually difficult to identify whether the communication interruption is caused by a fault in the device itself (such as module damage or network abnormality) or by an external power outage (such as a power failure). Furthermore, it is difficult to remotely notify maintenance personnel when an external power outage occurs, which makes it impossible for maintenance personnel to quickly locate the root cause of the problem, increases the cost of troubleshooting, and reduces the efficiency of troubleshooting power outage accidents. Utility Model Content

[0004] This application provides a host control circuit, a host controller, and a host control system, aiming to solve the technical problem that existing host controllers are unable to quickly troubleshoot power outage accidents.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted in this application is: to provide a host control circuit. The host control circuit includes: a control sub-circuit; a communication sub-circuit connected to the control sub-circuit for establishing a communication connection between the control sub-circuit and the cloud; and a power supply circuit including a first power supply module, a second power supply module, and a power switching module. The first power supply input terminal of the power switching module is connected to the output terminal of the first power supply module, the second power supply input terminal of the power switching module is connected to the output terminal of the second power supply module, the power supply output terminal of the power switching module is connected to the control sub-circuit and the communication sub-circuit, and the status indicator terminal of the power switching module is connected to the control sub-circuit. The first power supply module is used to connect to an external power supply voltage. When the first power supply module connects to the external power supply voltage, the first power supply module charges the second power supply module, and the power switching module selects between the first power supply input terminal and the power supply output terminal. When the first power supply module does not connect to the external power supply voltage, the second power supply module discharges to the second power supply input terminal, the power switching module selects between the second power supply input terminal and the power supply output terminal, and sends a power-off status indication to the control sub-circuit, so that the control sub-circuit can report the power-off status to the cloud through the communication sub-circuit.

[0006] In some embodiments, the second power supply module includes a charging submodule, a supercapacitor, and a boost submodule; the charging submodule is connected between the output terminal of the first power supply module and the first terminal of the supercapacitor, and is used to charge the supercapacitor when the first power supply module is connected to the external power supply voltage; the boost submodule is connected between the second terminal of the supercapacitor and the second power supply input terminal, and is used to boost the discharge voltage of the supercapacitor when the first power supply module is not connected to the external power supply voltage to obtain a backup voltage that matches the external power supply voltage, and transmit the backup voltage to the second power supply input terminal.

[0007] In some embodiments, the second power supply module further includes a voltage monitoring submodule; a first terminal of the voltage monitoring submodule is connected to a first terminal of the supercapacitor, a second terminal of the voltage monitoring submodule is connected to a second terminal of the supercapacitor, and an output terminal of the voltage monitoring submodule is connected to an enable terminal of the boost submodule. The voltage monitoring submodule is used to turn off the voltage output of the boost submodule when the discharge voltage of the supercapacitor is lower than a first preset threshold, and to turn on the voltage output of the boost submodule when the discharge voltage of the supercapacitor is higher than a second preset threshold.

[0008] In some embodiments, the charging submodule is built based on the CN3125 series chip, the boost submodule is built based on the AP2007 series chip, the voltage monitoring submodule is built based on the CN302 series chip, and the power switching module is built based on the TPS2116 series chip.

[0009] In some embodiments, the second power supply module further includes a standardized connector; the supercapacitor is connected between the charging submodule and the boost submodule via the standardized connector, and the standardized connector is compatible with supercapacitors of different specifications.

[0010] In some embodiments, the power supply circuit further includes a first indicator and a second indicator; the first indicator is connected to the status indicator terminal, and issues a first indicator signal when the first power supply module is connected to the external power supply voltage, and issues a second indicator signal when the first power supply module is not connected to the external power supply voltage; the second indicator is connected to the power indicator terminal of the second power supply module, and issues a third indicator signal when the second power supply module is fully charged, and issues a fourth indicator signal when the second power supply module is not fully charged.

[0011] In some embodiments, the host control circuit further includes: a digital input subcircuit connected to the control subcircuit for receiving passive dry contact signals from the controlled device; a digital output subcircuit connected to the control subcircuit for outputting relay control signals to the controlled device; a debug interface subcircuit connected to the control subcircuit for providing a program debugging interface; a serial subcircuit connected to the control subcircuit for reading data from the controlled device and transmitting the data from the controlled device to the control subcircuit; an electrical isolation subcircuit connected to the serial subcircuit for electrically isolating the serial subcircuit; a dry contact input / output subcircuit connected to the control subcircuit for receiving switch signals from external devices and outputting control signals; an radio frequency subcircuit connected between the communication subcircuit and the cloud for establishing a communication link between the communication subcircuit and the cloud; a top board connector subcircuit for connecting to the host controller's top board and transmitting indicator signals; and a mounting and positioning subcircuit for providing mounting holes and positioning points for the host controller's housing and hardware interfaces.

[0012] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, another technical solution adopted in this application is: to provide a host controller, which includes a base plate, a housing and hardware interfaces. The base plate integrates the host control circuit as described above. The housing covers and fixes the base plate, and each of the hardware interfaces is exposed to the outside through openings on the housing and is electrically connected to the corresponding sub-circuit in the host control circuit.

[0013] In some embodiments, the hardware interface includes: a digital input interface, a digital output interface, a serial interface, a communication antenna interface, a debugging interface, an external power supply interface, a reset control interface, and at least one indicator interface.

[0014] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, another technical solution adopted in this application is to provide a host control system, which includes a host and a host controller as described above, wherein the host controller is communicatively connected to the host.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this application are as follows: Unlike existing technologies, this application discloses a host control circuit, a host controller, and a host control system. By introducing a second power supply module into the power supply circuit of the host control circuit, capable of charging when an external power supply is available and discharging when no external power supply is available, and by using a power switching module to switch between this second power supply module and the first power supply module that defaults to external power supply, backup power can be provided in the event of a power outage. This maintains the execution of relevant host control tasks by the host control circuit and enables the identification and reporting of power outage anomalies. This improves the efficiency of maintenance personnel in troubleshooting power outage incidents and ensures the safety and stability of the host control system. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort, wherein: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of the host control circuit provided in this application; Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the second power supply module 420 in one embodiment; Figure 3 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of another embodiment of the electronic circuit 400 provided in this example; Figure 4 yes Figure 1 A circuit structure diagram of an embodiment of the second power supply module and power switching module in the present invention. Figure 5 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of another embodiment of the host control circuit 100 in the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of the host controller provided in this application; Figure 7This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the host control system provided in this application. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0018] The terms "first," "second," and "third" used in the embodiments of this application are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first," "second," or "third" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this application, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product, or device that includes a series of steps or units is not limited to the listed steps or units, but may optionally include steps or units not listed, or may optionally include other steps or units inherent to these processes, methods, products, or devices.

[0019] In this document, the term "embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of this phrase in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a mutually exclusive, independent, or alternative embodiment. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0020] This application provides a host control circuit, see reference. Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the host control circuit 100 provided in this application. The host control circuit 100 includes: Control sub-circuit 200; The communication sub-circuit 300 is connected to the control sub-circuit 200 and is used to establish a communication connection between the control sub-circuit 200 and the cloud. The power supply circuit 400 includes a first power supply module 410, a second power supply module 420, and a power switching module 430; the first power supply input terminal 41 of the power switching module 430 is connected to the output terminal 42 of the first power supply module 410, the second power supply input terminal 43 of the power switching module 430 is connected to the output terminal 44 of the second power supply module 420, the power supply output terminal 45 of the power switching module 430 is connected to the control sub-circuit 200 and the communication sub-circuit 300, and the status indicator terminal 46 of the power switching module 430 is connected to the control sub-circuit 200. The first power supply module 410 is used to connect to an external power supply voltage. When the first power supply module 410 is connected to an external power supply voltage, it charges the second power supply module 420, and the power switching module 430 selects the first power supply input terminal 41 and the power supply output terminal 45. When the first power supply module 410 is not connected to an external power supply voltage, the second power supply module 420 discharges to the second power supply input terminal 43, the power switching module 430 selects the second power supply input terminal 43 and the power supply output terminal 45, and sends a power failure status indication to the control sub-circuit 200 so that the control sub-circuit 200 can report the power failure status to the cloud server through the communication sub-circuit 300.

[0021] In this embodiment, the host control circuit 100 refers to the core circuit part of the host controller used to coordinate the collaborative work of various sub-circuits and realize host control and remote communication functions. This host control circuit 100 is typically deployed on the host controller's backplane. Through communication connections with the host's functional modules, it enables information exchange with controlled devices such as power supplies, communication modules, sensors, and actuators within the host, as well as centralized management of these controlled devices. Furthermore, it establishes a communication connection with a cloud server via wireless communication, allowing real-time uploading of the host and its control circuit 100's operating status and fault information to the cloud management platform, thus achieving wireless data monitoring and remote maintenance functions.

[0022] In this embodiment, the control sub-circuit 200 is the main control circuit in the host control circuit 100 used for core data processing and logic control. Specifically, it can be composed of an MCU (Micro Controller Unit) (such as STM32 series, ESP32 series, or MSP430 microcontrollers based on the ARM architecture) and corresponding programming interfaces, clock crystals, latches, and reset circuits, among other core peripheral circuits. The control sub-circuit 200 can interact with the communication sub-circuit 300, power supply circuit 400, and digital input / output sub-circuit in the host control circuit 100 through interfaces such as UART (Universal Asynchronous Receiver / Transmitter), GPIO (General Purpose Input / Output), and I2C (Inter-Integrated Circuit) to achieve core functions such as communication protocol conversion, power failure alarm signal generation, device status acquisition, and remote control command execution. This application does not impose any special limitations on the specific circuit structure of the control sub-circuit 200. For example, it can be implemented by using a single-chip microcomputer minimum system board combined with peripheral expansion circuits, or by using a heterogeneous architecture of multiple processing units. As long as the control sub-circuit 200 can complete subsequent data parsing, logic judgment and communication interaction tasks, it can be understood that it is within the protection scope of this application.

[0023] In this embodiment, the communication sub-circuit 300 is a key circuit component of the host control circuit 100, enabling wireless communication and data interaction with the cloud server via a gateway. It typically consists of a wireless communication module (such as a LoRa module, cellular communication module, or wireless LAN communication module) and supporting circuits such as an antenna interface, RF matching circuit, and power management circuit. The selection and design of this wireless communication module can be optimized according to specific application scenarios and requirements. For example, a low-power wide-area network communication module such as LoRa can be selected for scenarios requiring long-distance, low-power communication, while a high-speed communication module such as 4G / 5G can be selected for scenarios requiring high-speed, high-capacity data transmission. The communication sub-circuit 300 can interact with the control sub-circuit 200 via a standardized communication protocol. It encapsulates alarm signals, device status information, and control commands generated by the control sub-circuit 200 into data packets that conform to the communication protocol requirements (e.g., receiving data uploaded by the host using the Modbus RTU protocol or H-Link protocol via RS485 protocol and converting this data into data packets based on the LoRa communication protocol). This data packet is then radiated into space via an antenna through wireless communication and received by the gateway before being forwarded to the cloud server. Meanwhile, the communication sub-circuit 300 can also receive remote control commands and configuration parameters from the cloud server, parse them, and transmit them to the control sub-circuit 200 for further processing. This application does not impose specific limitations on the specific implementation of the communication sub-circuit 300. As long as the communication sub-module can achieve stable and reliable communication with the cloud server and meet the real-time and security requirements of data transmission, it is understandable that it falls within the protection scope of this application.

[0024] In this embodiment, the power supply circuit 400 is the core circuit unit that provides a stable power supply for the control sub-circuit 200, communication sub-circuit 300, and other functional modules in the host control circuit 100. Specifically, the power supply circuit 400 includes a first power supply module 410, a second power supply module 420, and a power switching module 430. The first power supply module 410 connects to an external power source and converts the input AC voltage into DC main power (specifically, an AC-DC power conversion circuit can convert the mains frequency AC power into the DC power required by the host control circuit 100) to power the host control circuit 100, while simultaneously providing charging energy for the second power supply module 420. The second power supply module 420 is an internal backup power unit, charged by the first power supply module 410, storing electricity through an internal energy storage unit (such as a battery or capacitor), and discharging when selected by the power switching module 430 for backup power supply.

[0025] In this embodiment, the power switching module 430 automatically switches the power supply source according to the voltage status of the external power supply connected to the first power supply module 410. When the first power supply module 410 is working normally, it supplies power to the host control circuit 100 and charges the second power supply module 420. When the first power supply module 410 experiences a power outage or voltage abnormality, the power switching module 430 immediately switches to the second power supply module 420, with the backup power supply taking over the power supply task to ensure the continuous and stable operation of the system and to provide corresponding power outage status indications. Specifically, the power switching module 430 can be implemented using a power electronic switch, a power path management chip, or a dual-channel voltage comparator. For example, it can be based on the TPS2116 series chip to build an automatic main / backup power switching circuit. The TPS2116 series chip is a dual-channel power multiplexing power electronic switch device. It uses the VIN1 pin as the first power input terminal 41 to receive the voltage output by the first power supply module 410, uses the VIN2 pin as the second power input terminal 43 to receive the voltage output by the second power supply module 420, and uses the VOUT pin as the power output terminal 45 to provide stable power to the system load. At the same time, the chip integrates a voltage monitoring circuit. By default, VIN1 is selected as the main power supply path. When the voltage of VIN1 is detected to drop to a preset threshold (such as from 5V to 4.75V), it automatically switches to the VIN2 path and outputs a low-level signal to the control sub-circuit 200 through ST (status indicator terminal 46) to indicate that the main power supply is missing. The power switching module 430 enables seamless power switching during power outages, ensuring the system retains its task execution capability even during power failures. It also ensures that the control sub-circuit 200 effectively records power outage events and reports the power outage status to the cloud via the communication sub-circuit 300, allowing maintenance personnel to quickly identify power outage incidents and take appropriate measures. This effectively reduces troubleshooting costs and improves system maintenance efficiency and power supply reliability.

[0026] Optionally, see Figure 2 In some embodiments, the second power supply module 420 includes a charging submodule 421, a supercapacitor 422, and a boost submodule 423. The charging submodule 421 is connected between the output terminal 42 of the first power supply module 410 and the first terminal 47 of the supercapacitor 422, and is used to charge the supercapacitor 422 when the first power supply module 410 is connected to an external power supply voltage. The boost submodule 423 is connected between the second terminal 48 of the supercapacitor 422 and the second power supply input terminal 43, and is used to boost the discharge voltage of the supercapacitor 422 when the first power supply module 410 is not connected to an external power supply voltage to obtain a backup voltage that matches the external power supply voltage, and transmit the backup voltage to the second power supply input terminal 43.

[0027] In this optional embodiment, a second power supply module 420 structure based on a supercapacitor 422 for backup energy storage is specifically provided. The supercapacitor 422 is an electrochemical element that stores electrical energy using the double-layer principle. It can rapidly charge and store energy when the external power supply is normal and discharge with a large current when power is lost, thereby providing short-term stable power to the host control circuit 100. The supercapacitor 422 typically has strict parameter requirements for its voltage, capacity, and operating temperature to meet the requirement of maintaining the core circuit's operation for a sufficient time after a power outage. Specifically, a cylindrical or surface-mount supercapacitor 422 with a rated voltage of 3.8V, a capacity greater than 20F (typically 70F), and an operating temperature range of at least 0-70 degrees Celsius can be selected as the core energy storage unit for the backup power supply, ensuring stable discharge in most environments and providing sufficient operating current for the system's continued operation.

[0028] In this optional embodiment, the charging submodule 421 is an energy conversion and management unit used to receive the DC main power supply voltage output by the first power supply module 410 and charge the supercapacitor 422 when the external power supply is normally connected. Specifically, the charging submodule 421 can be implemented using circuit structures such as voltage regulation circuits, constant current control logic, or charging protection circuits. For example, a dedicated charging management circuit for the supercapacitor 422 can be built based on the CN3125 series chip. The CN3125 series chip is a dedicated controller integrating a constant current-constant voltage charging mode. By connecting the input terminal of the CN3125 series chip to the main power supply link and the output terminal to the two poles of the supercapacitor 422, the charging current and voltage can be dynamically adjusted according to the real-time voltage state of the supercapacitor 422, thereby achieving adaptive control from initial charging to full charge, ensuring that the capacitor voltage does not exceed the rated value during charging and avoiding overcurrent damage.

[0029] In this optional embodiment, the boost submodule 423 is used to boost the discharge voltage of the supercapacitor 422 to the system standard operating voltage. Since the voltage of the supercapacitor 422 gradually decreases as the charge decreases during discharge, it needs to be converted to DC voltage by the boost submodule 423 to ensure that the load end receives a stable power supply voltage. The boost submodule 423 can be implemented using a power conversion architecture such as an inductor energy storage boost topology, pulse width modulation control logic, and output voltage regulation circuit. For example, it can be based on the AP2007 series chip to build a synchronous boost conversion circuit. The AP2007 series chip is a high-efficiency DC-DC boost controller. By connecting the chip's input terminal to the discharge circuit of the supercapacitor 422 and the output terminal to the backup power supply input terminal of the power switching module 430, the duty cycle can be dynamically adjusted according to the input voltage change, thereby stabilizing the fluctuating discharge voltage to the system operating voltage consistent with the main power supply, ensuring the power supply continuity of the control subcircuit 200 and the communication subcircuit 300 when power is lost.

[0030] Optionally, continue reading Figure 2 In some embodiments, the second power supply module 420 further includes a voltage monitoring submodule 424; the first terminal 49 of the voltage monitoring submodule 424 is connected to the first terminal 47 of the supercapacitor 422, the second terminal 50 of the voltage monitoring submodule 424 is connected to the second terminal 48 of the supercapacitor 422, and the output terminal 51 of the voltage monitoring submodule 424 is connected to the enable terminal 52 of the boost submodule 423. The voltage monitoring submodule 424 is used to turn off the voltage output of the boost submodule 423 when the discharge voltage of the supercapacitor 422 is lower than a first preset threshold, and to turn on the voltage output of the boost submodule 423 when the discharge voltage of the supercapacitor 422 is higher than a second preset threshold.

[0031] In this optional embodiment, a voltage monitoring submodule 424 is specifically set in the second power supply module 420. The voltage monitoring submodule 424 is set in the control link between the supercapacitor 422 and the boost submodule 423. It can monitor the terminal voltage of the supercapacitor 422 in real time during the discharge process and dynamically control the working state of the boost submodule 423 according to the voltage threshold, thereby avoiding the performance degradation or damage of the supercapacitor 422 due to over-discharge, while ensuring the stability and reliability of the backup power supply voltage.

[0032] In this optional embodiment, the voltage monitoring submodule 424 can specifically employ voltage detection and control circuits such as a voltage comparator, a dedicated power monitoring chip, or an analog-to-digital converter integrated into a microcontroller. For example, a voltage threshold monitoring circuit for the supercapacitor 422 can be constructed based on the CN302 series chip. The CN302 series chip is a high-precision voltage monitoring and protection chip that integrates a reference voltage source, a voltage comparator, and an output drive circuit. It supports flexible configuration of the monitoring threshold through an external resistor voltage divider network. By connecting the CN302 series chip in parallel with the supercapacitor 422 and connecting its output terminal in series with the enable terminal 52 of the boost submodule 423, a high / low level signal can be output based on the comparison result between the real-time voltage of the supercapacitor 422 and the preset threshold to control the opening or closing of the boost submodule 423. This allows the boost submodule 423 to be started when the voltage of the supercapacitor 422 is sufficient, and the output to be closed when the voltage drops too low to protect the supercapacitor 422, thereby realizing intelligent management of the backup power system. The first preset threshold and the second preset threshold can be the same or two different values ​​to meet the control requirements of the discharge depth of the supercapacitor 422 under different application scenarios.

[0033] Optionally, continue reading Figure 2In some embodiments, the second power supply module 420 further includes a standardized connector 425; the supercapacitor 422 is connected between the charging submodule 421 and the boost submodule 423 via the standardized connector 425, and the standardized connector 425 is compatible with supercapacitors 422 of different specifications.

[0034] In this optional embodiment, a standardized connector 425 is specifically used as the physical connection hub between the supercapacitor 422 and the charging submodule 421 and boost submodule 423. This standard connector establishes a detachable electrical connection channel, enabling compatibility with supercapacitors 422 of different capacities, rated voltages, and package types through a unified mechanical interface size and electrical pin definition. This achieves package compatibility design for the supercapacitor 422, allowing for direct replacement of supercapacitors 422 of different specifications without modifying the main circuit structure. The standardized connector 425 can be selected and designed based on common electronic connector standards to ensure sufficient current carrying capacity and mechanical durability. Through the application of the standardized connector 425, system maintenance personnel can quickly replace supercapacitors 422 with different parameters according to actual needs. For example, a higher capacity model can be selected when a longer backup power supply time is required, or a smaller surface-mount supercapacitor 422 can be selected in space-constrained scenarios, thereby improving the flexibility and scalability of the power module. In addition, the standardized connector 425 can also support parallel expansion interfaces. For example, an additional capacitor can be connected in parallel on the same connector with a reserved pin. When the capacity of a single supercapacitor 422 is insufficient or the backup power supply time needs to be extended, the energy storage capacity can also be expanded through this additional capacitor to ensure the continuous power supply capability of the core circuit of the system during power failure, and realize the flexible configuration and redundancy design of the backup power supply.

[0035] Optionally, see Figure 3 In some embodiments, the power supply circuit 400 further includes a first indicator 440 and a second indicator 450; the first indicator 440 is connected to the status indicator terminal 46, and emits a first indicator signal when the first power supply module 410 is connected to an external power supply voltage, and emits a second indicator signal when the first power supply module 410 is not connected to an external power supply voltage; the second indicator 450 is connected to the power indicator terminal 53 of the second power supply module 420, and emits a third indicator signal when the second power supply module 420 is fully charged, and emits a fourth indicator signal when the second power supply module 420 is not fully charged.

[0036] In this optional embodiment, indicators are specifically set to indicate the real-time operation status of the external power supply connection status and the backup power supply power status. The first indicator 440 and the second indicator 450 can be light indicators (such as LED light-emitting diodes), sound indicators (such as buzzers), vibration indicators (such as micro vibration motors), or a combination of multiple indication methods. The first indicator 440 and the second indicator 450 can also be combined into one indicator (such as using different colored lights, different flashing frequencies, etc. to indicate different states). As long as the power status information can be effectively transmitted and the visualization or perception requirements in industrial scenarios are met, the corresponding indication signals are light signals, sound signals, and vibration signals, etc.

[0037] In this optional embodiment, the first indicator 440 is used to indicate the connection status of the external power supply. Specifically, it receives the level signal output by the power switching module 430 through the status indicator terminal 46, thus providing direct feedback on whether the first power supply module 410 is working properly. When the first power supply module 410 is connected to an external power supply, the first indicator 440 issues a first indicator signal, indicating that the current system is powered by an external power supply. When the first power supply module 410 is not connected to an external power supply, it issues a second indicator signal, indicating that the system has switched to backup power supply. The second indicator 450 is used to indicate the power status of the second power supply module 420. Specifically, it receives the charging status signal output by the charging submodule 421 through the power indicator terminal 53, thus providing real-time feedback on the charging progress of the supercapacitor 422. When the second power supply module 420 is fully charged, the second indicator 450 issues a third indicator signal, indicating that the backup power supply is ready. When the second power supply module 420 is not fully charged, it issues a fourth indicator signal, prompting maintenance personnel to check the health status of the backup power supply. With this dual-indicator design, maintenance personnel can quickly determine the system power supply mode and backup power availability through visual, auditory, or tactile signals, enabling on-site troubleshooting without relying on cloud data, thus further improving system maintenance efficiency.

[0038] Optionally, see Figure 4 , Figure 4 This is a circuit diagram of an embodiment of the second power supply module 420 and power switching module 430 of this application. In this circuit diagram, the charging submodule 421 is built based on the CN3125 series chip, the boost submodule 423 is built based on the AP2007 series chip, the voltage monitoring submodule 424 is built based on the CN302 series chip, and the power switching module 430 is built based on the TPS2116 series chip.

[0039] In this optional embodiment, the pin names of each chip, the electrical parameters of the components, and common circuit symbols (such as GND for ground and VCC for positive power supply) are not described in detail. For details, please refer to the corresponding chip manual, the design specifications of the corresponding peripheral circuits, and the electromagnetic compatibility design requirements. This application does not make specific limitations in this regard, but only describes the core power path and signal interaction logic.

[0040] In this optional embodiment, 5VM is the output voltage of the first power supply module 410, which is obtained by the first power supply module through AC-DC conversion. Therefore, when the first power supply module 410 is supplying power normally, it will be input through the input terminal of the charging submodule 421 (i.e., the VIN pin of the CN3125 chip), and the supply voltage VCAP will be output from the TOP pin of its output terminal (i.e., the CN3125 chip) to the supercapacitor 422 for charging through the internal processing of the chip. At the same time, the chip is also connected to one pole of the second indicator 450 through the PG# pin. When it detects that the supercapacitor 422 is fully charged, the second indicator 450 is lit, and the indicator is turned off when a low level is output during the charging process, so as to intuitively reflect the charging progress of the backup power supply.

[0041] In this optional embodiment, the supercapacitor 422 is specifically a 70F capacitor with a voltage of VCAP across its two sides. The supercapacitor 422 is charged by connecting one side to the output terminal of the charging submodule 421. When the first power supply module 410 fails to supply power normally, it discharges through its output terminal to the input terminal of the boost submodule 423, releasing backup energy. Simultaneously, the voltage monitoring submodule 424 monitors the voltage across the supercapacitor 422. Its two terminals 49 and 50 are respectively connected to the two ends of the supercapacitor 422 (i.e., the FTH pin of the CN302 chip is connected to the output terminal of the supercapacitor 422, and the RTH pin is equivalent to the ground terminal of the supercapacitor 422 and grounded). Through its internal voltage comparison mechanism, it determines whether the real-time voltage of the supercapacitor 422 is lower than a first preset threshold or higher than a second preset threshold, thereby controlling the boost submodule 423 to turn on or off. In addition, the super circuit also uses a standardized connector 425 (i.e., PZ254V-11-02P) to connect an auxiliary supercapacitor 422. Specifically, the auxiliary supercapacitor 422 is a 20F supercapacitor 422. Thus, when the capacity of a single supercapacitor 422 is insufficient or the backup power supply time needs to be extended, the total energy storage can be increased through this parallel expansion design, further ensuring the continuous power supply capability of the system's core circuit after a power outage.

[0042] In this optional embodiment, the boost submodule 423 specifically uses the AP2007SPER chip from the AP2007 series. Its enable pin is connected to the output pin 51 of the voltage monitoring submodule 424 (i.e., the EN pin of the AP2007SPER chip is connected to the LBO# pin of the CN302 chip) to determine whether to activate the boost function, thereby preventing the supercapacitor 422 from over-discharging. When the voltage of the supercapacitor 422 is higher than a preset threshold, the discharge voltage of the supercapacitor 422 will be boosted (i.e., the discharge voltage of the supercapacitor 422 is connected through the VIN pin of the AP2007SPER chip, and a stable 5V voltage is output to the power switching module 430 through the EP pin, VOUT pin and FB pin, and this 5V voltage serves as the discharge voltage of the second power supply module 420).

[0043] In this optional embodiment, the power switching module 430 specifically uses the TPS2116DRLR chip from the TPS2116 series. Its first power input terminal 41 and second power input terminal 43 are respectively connected to the power supply voltages of the two power supply circuits 400 (i.e., its VIN1 pin is connected to a 5VV voltage, and its VIN2 pin is connected to the VCAP voltage output by the second power supply circuit 420). It monitors the VIN1 voltage through an internal voltage comparison mechanism, thereby selecting the main power supply or backup power supply path for seamless power switching. A stable 5V voltage is then output to the control sub-circuit 200 and the communication sub-circuit 300 through its power output terminal 45 (VOUT), ensuring continuous power supply to the core module after a power outage. Simultaneously, the power switching module 430 also outputs a power outage status indication to the control sub-circuit 200 through its status indication terminal 46 (i.e., the ST pin of the TPS2116DRLR chip), allowing the control sub-circuit 200 to quickly determine the main power supply absence status, thereby triggering the generation of a power outage alarm signal and cloud reporting.

[0044] In this optional embodiment, the circuit diagram described above is only used to illustrate a typical implementation of backup power supply and power failure detection functions. In specific engineering applications, different chips and different peripheral circuits can be used to meet the power consumption or cost requirements of specific scenarios. For example, industrial-grade chips can be selected in wide-temperature scenarios, or boost efficiency can be optimized in low-power scenarios. This application does not impose specific limitations in this regard, as long as seamless switching between main and backup power supplies and intelligent management of the supercapacitor 422 are achieved. This optional embodiment, through this modular circuit design, can improve the reliability of system power supply and reduce the cost of troubleshooting power failures.

[0045] Optionally, see Figure 5In some embodiments, the host control circuit 100 further includes: a digital input sub-circuit 510, connected to the control sub-circuit 200, for receiving passive dry contact signals from the controlled device; a digital output sub-circuit 520, connected to the control sub-circuit 200, for outputting relay control signals to the controlled device; a debugging interface sub-circuit 530, connected to the control sub-circuit 200, for providing a program debugging interface; a serial sub-circuit 540, connected to the control sub-circuit 200, for reading data from the controlled device and transmitting the data from the controlled device to the control sub-circuit 200; and an electrical isolation sub-circuit 550. The serial sub-circuit 540 is connected to the serial sub-circuit 540 for electrical isolation; the dry contact input / output sub-circuit 560 is connected to the control sub-circuit 200 for receiving switch signals from external devices and outputting control signals; the radio frequency sub-circuit 570 is connected between the communication sub-circuit 300 and the cloud for establishing a communication link between the communication sub-circuit 300 and the cloud; the upper board connector sub-circuit 580 is used to connect to the upper board of the host controller and transmit indicator signals; and the mounting and positioning sub-circuit 590 provides mounting holes and positioning points for the housing and hardware interfaces of the host controller.

[0046] In this optional embodiment, the Digital Input (DI) sub-circuit is the acquisition interface for external switch status signals. It is used to receive on / off status signals from passive devices such as sensors and buttons, enabling reliable access to switch signals in industrial settings. Specifically, it can be constructed using devices such as optocouplers, transient voltage suppression diodes, current-limiting resistors, and filter capacitors. This achieves electrical isolation between external signals and internal circuits, input overvoltage protection, and signal level matching, ensuring that external interference does not enter the control sub-circuit 200. This allows the dry contact signal to be stably converted to a digital level, enabling real-time monitoring of the device status.

[0047] In this optional embodiment, the Digital Output (DO) sub-circuit is the control interface of the external execution device, used to output switching control signals to devices such as relays and solenoid valves to realize remote control of the on / off state of external loads. Specifically, it can be constructed from devices such as relays, driving transistors, freewheeling diodes, and status indicator LEDs. It drives high-voltage loads through low-voltage signals and uses electrical isolation to protect the internal circuits, ensuring that the control signals are safely transmitted to external devices, thereby realizing remote start-stop control of industrial equipment.

[0048] In this optional embodiment, the debugging interface sub-circuit 530 is a dedicated channel for development and maintenance, providing a physical interface for program burning, parameter configuration, and operation status monitoring. Specifically, it can be composed of a USB (Universal Serial Bus) based Type-C interface or Micro USB interface, level conversion chip, electrostatic protection components, etc., to adapt to commonly used debugging tools and protocols. The host computer and control sub-circuit 200 can be transmitted bidirectionally via USB protocol, so that engineers can perform firmware updates, fault diagnosis, and function debugging.

[0049] In this optional embodiment, the serial sub-circuit 540 is a data interaction interface for industrial equipment. It is used to read the operating data of the controlled equipment through a serial communication protocol (such as RS485 protocol) and transmit the collected equipment parameters (such as temperature and pressure) to the control sub-circuit 200 for processing. Specifically, it can be composed of a serial communication chip, a terminating matching resistor, a common-mode filter, a self-resetting fuse, and a protection diode. It achieves long-distance anti-interference communication through differential signal transmission to ensure reliable data interaction of multiple devices in the industrial field.

[0050] In this optional embodiment, the electrical isolation sub-circuit 550 is a key module for circuit safety protection. It is used to electrically isolate the external interfaces such as the serial sub-circuit 540 from the control sub-circuit 200, blocking ground loop interference and external high voltage intrusion. Specifically, it can be constructed by a digital isolation chip or an isolation power supply module. It achieves dual isolation of signal and power through electromagnetic induction or photoelectric conversion, ensuring that the main control system is not affected by external circuit faults in complex industrial environments.

[0051] In this optional embodiment, the dry contact input / output (KFIO) sub-circuit is a general-purpose switching interface used to integrate the input and output functions of passive dry contact signals, receive the switch status signals of external devices and output passive control signals. Specifically, it can be composed of terminals, signal conditioning circuits and isolation protection components. Through a standardized interface, it is compatible with various industrial passive switching devices, realizing the integrated integration of equipment status monitoring and simple control.

[0052] In this optional embodiment, the radio frequency sub-circuit 570 is the core module of wireless communication, used to establish a wireless communication link between the control sub-circuit 200 and the cloud, and to transmit device data and control commands through wireless protocols such as LoRa. Specifically, it can be composed of a radio frequency transceiver chip, an antenna interface (such as an SMA radio frequency connector), and a matching circuit. It supports the improvement of communication distance and anti-interference capability through spread spectrum technology, and ensures wireless data interaction between industrial field equipment and the cloud platform.

[0053] In this optional embodiment, the upper board connector sub-circuit 580 is the physical hub for signal transmission between modules. It is used to connect the core baseboard of the host controller with the external functional upper board (such as indicator board, button board) to transmit power signals, control commands and status indication signals. Specifically, it can be composed of board-to-board connectors or flexible circuit board connectors, etc. Modular expansion is achieved through standardized pin definitions to ensure reliable connection between the core circuit and the peripheral functional modules.

[0054] In this optional embodiment, the installation positioning sub-circuit 590 is the basic structure for mechanically fixing the equipment. It is used to provide the installation interface and positioning reference for the host controller in the industrial field, and is compatible with fixing methods such as screw installation or guide rail installation. Specifically, it can be composed of mounting holes, guide rail clips and positioning pins. Through mechanical structure design, it ensures that the equipment is installed stably and meets the vibration and shock protection requirements in the industrial environment.

[0055] This optional embodiment, through the series of circuit structures described above, can cover the entire process requirements of the host controller from physical installation to signal interaction, realize remote monitoring, data acquisition and intelligent control of industrial equipment, and improve the reliability, security and operation and maintenance efficiency of the system.

[0056] See Figure 6 , Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the host controller 600 provided in this application. The host controller 600 includes a base plate 610, a housing 620, and a hardware interface 630. The base plate 610 integrates, for example,... Figures 1 to 5 The host control circuit 100 is described; the housing 620 covers and fixes the base plate 610, and each hardware interface 630 is exposed to the outside through the openings on the housing 620 and is electrically connected to the corresponding sub-circuit in the host control circuit 100.

[0057] In this embodiment, a host controller 600 is provided. The base plate 610 can be a PCB (Printed Circuit Board), a metal substrate, or other insulating and heat-dissipating substrate. The housing 620 can be made of die-cast aluminum alloy, engineering plastics, or stainless steel, with waterproof and dustproof openings to ensure structural strength and electromagnetic shielding. The hardware interface 630 can be a connector interface such as metal terminals, wiring bayonet ports, and specific protocol interfaces, or a physical interface for human-machine interaction such as buttons, DIP switches, and indicator light windows. Utilizing the aforementioned host control circuit 100, the host controller 600, through a standardized hardware architecture and modular design, achieves a high degree of integration of control functions and industrial adaptability. It supports flexible access to multiple communication protocols and switching signals, facilitating rapid deployment in different field environments. For example, the host controller 600 can be used as a wireless data monitoring terminal in the construction of digital computer rooms to realize data acquisition and remote control of equipment such as central air conditioning units and boilers. The host controller 600 can also be used as a wireless meter reading terminal in building centralized control and smart buildings. By wirelessly reading water, electricity and gas meters and transmitting data through LoRa network, the meter reading system can be deployed efficiently.

[0058] Optionally, in some embodiments, the hardware interface 630 of the host controller 600 includes: a digital input interface 631, a digital output interface 632, a serial interface 633, a communication antenna interface 634, a debugging interface 635, an external power supply interface 636, a reset control interface 637, and at least one indicator interface 638.

[0059] This optional embodiment specifies the hardware interface 630 configuration of the host controller 600. Each hardware interface 630 is connected to a corresponding sub-circuit in the host control circuit 100 on the base plate 610 to achieve signal transmission and power supply. The hardware interface 630 can be made of different materials and have different mechanical structures, as long as it meets the requirements of electrical performance and mechanical compatibility. This application does not impose any specific limitations on this.

[0060] In this optional embodiment, the digital input interface 631 is specifically connected to the digital input sub-circuit 510, supporting at least one passive dry contact signal input. Through opto-isolation and filtering circuits, it reliably acquires the switching status of external devices. The digital output interface 632 is specifically connected to the digital output sub-circuit 520, supporting at least one relay output. Through low-voltage control of high-voltage loads, it enables remote start / stop control of industrial equipment. The serial interface 633 can be specifically connected to the serial sub-circuit 540, such as using the RS485 protocol to achieve half-duplex communication. It supports acting as a master station, enabling long-distance data interaction with Modbus RTU protocol devices, H-Link protocol devices, etc., through differential signal transmission. The communication antenna interface 634 is connected to the RF sub-circuit 570, and can be connected to an internal screw-type antenna to optimize the transmission and reception efficiency of LoRa RF signals. The debugging interface 635 is connected to the debugging interface sub-circuit 530 and can communicate with the upper... The system provides communication between the host computer and the main unit for engineers to perform firmware burning and fault diagnosis. The external power interface 636 is connected to the first power supply module 410 to provide external AC voltage for the main power input of the host control circuit 100, enabling the host control circuit 100 to implement the functions of the corresponding power supply circuit 400. The reset control interface 637 is a physical button connected to the control sub-circuit 200. Specifically, it can be connected to the reset pin of the MCU, and can be manually pressed to trigger a system reset to restore the device to its initial state. The indicator interface 638 is an indicator light window connected to the upper board connector sub-circuit 580. Specifically, it can be the exposed interface of the first indicator 440 and the second indicator 450 in the aforementioned power supply circuit 400. It can also include indicators indicating power on / off, wireless communication status, device online status, serial communication activity, digital input validity, digital output validity, etc. It can be added, removed, and optimized according to actual functional requirements to meet the needs of industrial site visualization monitoring.

[0061] Through the specific configuration of the aforementioned hardware interface 630, this application enables comprehensive interaction between the host controller 600 and external devices, integrating core functions such as power supply, signal acquisition, control output, debugging and maintenance. By utilizing standardized interface design and the collaborative work of various sub-circuits, it can improve the compatibility and maintainability of the equipment, simplify the deployment process in industrial settings, reduce operation and maintenance costs, and ensure the long-term stable operation of the system.

[0062] See Figure 7 , Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the host control system provided in this application. The host control system 700 includes a host 800 and a... Figure 6 The host controller 600 is described, and the host controller 600 is communicatively connected to the host 800.

[0063] In this embodiment, the host 800 is the core device being monitored and controlled, such as a central air conditioning unit, industrial boiler, or air compressor. Different device types can be used depending on the application scenario. The host 800 typically includes multiple controlled devices, which, through connection with the host controller 600 as described above, can utilize the data acquisition function, remote control function, and power failure alarm function of the corresponding host control circuit 100 in the host controller 600 to achieve real-time monitoring of operating status, execution of remote commands, and proactive reporting of abnormal states. This application does not specifically limit the specific model and brand of the host 800, as long as it can access and be compatible with the communication protocol and electrical interface of the host controller 600.

[0064] Unlike existing technologies, this application discloses a host control circuit, a host controller, and a host control system. By introducing a second power supply module into the power supply circuit of the host control circuit, which can charge when an external power supply is available and discharge when no external power supply is available, and by using a power switching module to switch between the second power supply module and the first power supply module that defaults to external power supply, backup power supply can be achieved in the event of a power outage. This maintains the execution of relevant host control tasks by the host control circuit and enables the identification and reporting of power outage anomalies. This improves the efficiency of relevant maintenance personnel in troubleshooting power outage accidents and ensures the safety and stability of host control.

[0065] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner. Similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to interchangeably. Each embodiment focuses on its differences from other embodiments. In particular, the host controller embodiments and host control system embodiments are basically similar to the host control circuit embodiments, so the descriptions are relatively simple; relevant parts can be referred to the descriptions of the host control circuit embodiments.

[0066] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed host control circuit, host controller, and host control system can be implemented in other ways. For example, the host control circuit embodiments described above are merely illustrative. The above descriptions are only embodiments of this application and do not limit the patent scope of this application. Any equivalent structural or procedural transformations made based on the content of this application's specification and drawings, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the patent protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A host control circuit, characterized in that, include: Control sub-circuit; A communication subcircuit, connected to the control subcircuit, is used to establish a communication connection between the control subcircuit and the cloud. The power supply circuit includes a first power supply module, a second power supply module, and a power switching module; the first power supply input terminal of the power switching module is connected to the output terminal of the first power supply module, the second power supply input terminal of the power switching module is connected to the output terminal of the second power supply module, the power supply output terminal of the power switching module is connected to the control sub-circuit and the communication sub-circuit, and the status indicator terminal of the power switching module is connected to the control sub-circuit. The first power supply module is used to connect to an external power supply voltage. When the first power supply module is connected to the external power supply voltage, it charges the second power supply module, and the power switching module selects the first power supply input terminal and the power supply output terminal. When the first power supply module is not connected to the external power supply voltage, the second power supply module discharges to the second power supply input terminal, the power switching module selects the second power supply input terminal and the power supply output terminal, and sends a power failure status indication to the control subcircuit, so that the control subcircuit can report the power failure status to the cloud through the communication subcircuit.

2. The host control circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second power supply module includes a charging submodule, a supercapacitor, and a boost submodule; The charging submodule is connected between the output terminal of the first power supply module and the first terminal of the supercapacitor, and is used to charge the supercapacitor when the first power supply module is connected to the external power supply voltage. The boost submodule is connected between the second terminal of the supercapacitor and the second power supply input terminal. It is used to boost the discharge voltage of the supercapacitor when the first power supply module is not connected to the external power supply voltage, so as to obtain a backup voltage that matches the external power supply voltage, and transmit the backup voltage to the second power supply input terminal.

3. The host control circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that, The second power supply module also includes a voltage monitoring submodule; The first terminal of the voltage monitoring submodule is connected to the first terminal of the supercapacitor, the second terminal of the voltage monitoring submodule is connected to the second terminal of the supercapacitor, and the output terminal of the voltage monitoring submodule is connected to the enable terminal of the boost submodule. The voltage monitoring submodule is used to turn off the voltage output of the boost submodule when the discharge voltage of the supercapacitor is lower than a first preset threshold, and to turn on the voltage output of the boost submodule when the discharge voltage of the supercapacitor is higher than a second preset threshold.

4. The host control circuit according to claim 3, characterized in that, The charging submodule is built on CN3125 series chips, the boost submodule is built on AP2007 series chips, the voltage monitoring submodule is built on CN302 series chips, and the power switching module is built on TPS2116 series chips.

5. The host control circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that, The second power supply module also includes standardized connectors; The supercapacitor is connected between the charging submodule and the boost submodule via a standardized connector, which is compatible with supercapacitors of different specifications.

6. The host control circuit according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The power supply circuit also includes a first indicator and a second indicator; The first indicator is connected to the status indicator terminal, and issues a first indicator signal when the first power supply module is connected to the external power supply voltage, and issues a second indicator signal when the first power supply module is not connected to the external power supply voltage; The second indicator is connected to the power indicator terminal of the second power supply module. It issues a third indicator signal when the second power supply module is fully charged and an fourth indicator signal when the second power supply module is not fully charged.

7. The host control circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The host control circuit also includes: A digital input sub-circuit, connected to the control sub-circuit, is used to receive passive dry contact signals from the controlled device; A digital output sub-circuit, connected to the control sub-circuit, is used to output relay control signals to the controlled device; The debugging interface sub-circuit is connected to the control sub-circuit and is used to provide a program debugging interface; A serial sub-circuit, connected to the control sub-circuit, is used to read data from the controlled device and transmit the data from the controlled device to the control sub-circuit; An electrical isolation sub-circuit, connected to the serial sub-circuit, is used to provide electrical isolation to the serial sub-circuit; The dry contact input / output sub-circuit is connected to the control sub-circuit and is used to receive switching signals from external devices and output control signals. The radio frequency sub-circuit is connected between the communication sub-circuit and the cloud, and is used to establish a communication link between the communication sub-circuit and the cloud; The upper board connector sub-circuit is used to connect to the host controller upper board and transmit indicator signals; The mounting positioning sub-circuit is used to provide mounting holes and positioning points for the housing and hardware interfaces of the host controller.

8. A host controller, characterized in that, The host controller includes a base plate, a housing, and hardware interfaces. The base plate integrates a host control circuit as described in any one of claims 1-7. The housing covers and fixes the base plate, and each of the hardware interfaces is exposed to the outside through openings on the housing and is electrically connected to the corresponding sub-circuit in the host control circuit.

9. The host controller according to claim 8, characterized in that, The hardware interfaces include: a digital input interface, a digital output interface, a serial interface, a communication antenna interface, a debugging interface, an external power supply interface, a reset control interface, and at least one indicator interface.

10. A host control system, characterized in that, The host control system includes a host and a host controller as described in claim 9, wherein the host controller is communicatively connected to the host.

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