Spindle assembly and circuit board processing apparatus

Abstract

The application provides a spindle assembly, comprising a base plate, a spindle clamp and a spindle, the spindle clamp is slidably connected to the base plate, the spindle is arranged in the spindle clamp, a driving member and an elastic member are connected between the spindle clamp and the base plate, the driving member is configured to drive the spindle clamp and the spindle to reciprocate along a first direction on the base plate, and the elastic member is configured to provide a constant pulling force between the base plate and the spindle clamp. The application also provides a circuit board processing device. The spindle assembly and the circuit board processing device can improve the stability of the driving member, prevent shaking, and thus improve the positioning accuracy and processing accuracy of the spindle assembly.

Description

[0001] This application claims priority to the application with application number CN202521297031.8, application date 2025 / 06 / 24, and title "Spindle Assembly and Circuit Board Processing Equipment". Technical Field

[0002] This application relates to the field of equipment or methods for manufacturing printed circuits, and more specifically, to a spindle assembly and circuit board processing equipment. Background Technology

[0003] Drilling machines are developing towards higher precision. To improve equipment accuracy, the structure of the spindle assembly needs further optimization. Currently, the spindle motor structure uses a cylindrical motor or a linear motor to drive the spindle to move in the Z direction. However, the spindle motor thrust and spindle acceleration are affected by the gravity of the spindle motor load. Especially during the switching process of spindle rising and falling, this can cause the spindle motor to vibrate, resulting in poor spindle positioning accuracy and affecting the machining accuracy of the spindle assembly. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to solve the problems existing in the prior art, this application provides a circuit board processing equipment to address the technical problems in the prior art.

[0005] According to a first aspect of this application, a circuit board processing apparatus is provided, comprising: a base plate, a spindle clamp, and a spindle, wherein the spindle clamp is slidably attached to the base plate, the spindle is disposed on the spindle clamp, and a driving member and an elastic member are connected between the spindle clamp and the base plate. The driving member is configured to drive the spindle clamp and the spindle to reciprocate along a first direction on the base plate; the elastic member is configured to provide a constant tension between the base plate and the spindle clamp.

[0006] In some embodiments of this application, the elastic element includes an elastic tube and an elastic rod extending along a first direction. When the main shaft reciprocates along the first direction, the elastic rod moves synchronously within the elastic tube along the first direction.

[0007] In some embodiments of this application, a top plate is provided on the base plate above the spindle clamp; an elastic tube is provided on the top plate, and an elastic rod passes through the elastic tube and is connected to the top of the spindle clamp.

[0008] In some embodiments of this application, the elastic tube is connected to the spindle clamp and faces the bottom plate, and at least a portion of the elastic rod is embedded in the bottom plate and faces the spindle clamp, with the elastic rod passing through the elastic tube.

[0009] In some embodiments of this application, a top plate is provided on the base plate above the spindle clamp; one end of the elastic element is connected to the top plate, and the other end of the elastic element is connected to the top of the spindle clamp. The elastic element also includes an air inlet and an air outlet.

[0010] In some embodiments of this application, one end of the elastic element is connected to the base plate, and the other end of the elastic element is connected to the top of the spindle clamp. At least one segment of the elastic element is arc-shaped.

[0011] In some embodiments of this application, the drive member is disposed on an adjacent side between the spindle clamp and the base plate, or the drive member is disposed between the spindle clamp and the top plate. During the process in which the drive member is configured to drive the spindle clamp and the spindle to reciprocate along a first direction on the base plate, the tension is the same as the gravity of the load on the drive member.

[0012] In some embodiments of this application, in the first direction, the driving force of the drive member is linearly related to the acceleration of the load.

[0013] According to a second aspect of this application, a circuit board processing apparatus is provided, comprising: a worktable disposed on a base and movable in a second direction; at least one spindle assembly slidably mounted on a crossbeam mounted above the worktable and movable in a third direction; the spindle assembly includes a base plate, a spindle clamp, and a spindle, the spindle clamp being slidably mounted on the base plate, the spindle being disposed on the spindle clamp, and a top plate disposed on the base plate above the spindle clamp; a driving member and an elastic member are connected between the spindle clamp and the base plate, the driving member being configured to drive the spindle clamp and the spindle to reciprocate in a first direction on the base plate; the elastic member being configured to provide a constant tension between the base plate and the spindle clamp; the first direction, the second direction, and the third direction are perpendicular to each other.

[0014] According to a third aspect of this application, a circuit board processing apparatus is provided, comprising: a worktable disposed on a base and movable in a second direction; at least one spindle assembly slidably mounted on a crossbeam mounted above the worktable and movable in a third direction; the spindle assembly includes a base plate, a spindle clamp, and a spindle, the spindle clamp being slidably mounted on the base plate, the spindle being disposed on the spindle clamp, and a top plate disposed on the base plate above the spindle clamp; a driving member is disposed between adjacent sides of the spindle clamp and the base plate, the driving member being configured to drive the spindle clamp and the spindle to reciprocate on the base plate in a first direction; an elastic member is disposed between the spindle clamp and the top plate, the elastic member being configured to provide a constant tension between the base plate and the spindle clamp; the first direction, the second direction, and the third direction are perpendicular to each other.

[0015] The spindle assembly and circuit board processing equipment of this application include an elastic element disposed between the spindle clamp and the base plate. The elastic element is configured to provide a constant tension between the base plate and the spindle clamp. By providing a constant tension through the elastic element, the load gravity is balanced for the drive component, improving the stability of the spindle and the drive component, preventing drive component vibration, providing the prerequisite for linear output of drive force and load acceleration, and improving the positioning accuracy and machining accuracy of the spindle assembly.

[0016] Other features and advantages of this application will become clear from the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the present application and, together with their description, serve to explain the principles of the present application.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of a circuit board processing equipment provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a portion of the spindle assembly provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a portion of the spindle assembly provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the elastic element structure provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the elastic element structure provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0023] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a portion of the spindle assembly provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0024] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a portion of the spindle assembly provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0025] Figures 1 to 7 The one-to-one correspondence between the component names and the attached labels is as follows: 10, spindle assembly; 20, worktable; 30, crossbeam; 40, base; 110, spindle; 111, spindle clamp; 112, base plate; 113, top plate; 114, drive component; 15, elastic component; 151, elastic tube; 152, elastic rod. Detailed Implementation

[0026] Various exemplary embodiments of the present application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement, numerical expressions, and values ​​of the components and steps set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present application.

[0027] The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative and is in no way intended to limit this application or its application or use. Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to those skilled in the art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, such techniques, methods, and apparatus should be considered part of the specification. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters in the following figures denote similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further discussed in subsequent figures.

[0028] The specific embodiments of this application are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In this document, terms such as "upper," "lower," "front," "back," "left," and "right" are used only to indicate the relative positional relationship between related parts, and not to limit the absolute position of these related parts. In this document, terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish them from each other, and not to indicate degree of importance, order, or mutual preconditions. In this document, terms such as "equal," "same," "top," "bottom," "below," "above," "consistent," "synchronous," "simultaneously," "in sequence," and "constant" are not strict mathematical and / or geometric limitations, but also include errors that are understandable to those skilled in the art and permissible in manufacturing or use.

[0029] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the circuit board processing equipment in this application includes: a base, a crossbeam, a spindle assembly, a worktable, etc. The worktable is disposed on the base and moves along a second direction. At least one spindle assembly that moves along a third direction is slidably mounted on the crossbeam above the worktable. The spindle assembly includes a base plate, a spindle clamp, and a spindle. The spindle clamp is slidably mounted on the base plate, and the spindle is disposed on the spindle clamp. A top plate is disposed on the base plate above the spindle clamp. A driving member and an elastic member are connected between the spindle clamp and the base plate. The driving member is configured to drive the spindle clamp and the spindle to reciprocate along a first direction on the base plate. The elastic member is configured to provide a constant tension between the base plate and the spindle clamp. The first direction, the second direction, and the third direction are perpendicular to each other. In the context of this application, the circuit board processing equipment can be implemented as a drilling device, a forming device, a milling machine, a drilling and milling integrated device, etc., and is not limited thereto. In the embodiments of this application, the number of spindle assemblies of the circuit board processing equipment can be one, two, three, four, five, six, eight, ten, twelve, sixteen, etc., and no limitation is made here.

[0030] In circuit board processing equipment, the drive component of the spindle assembly drives a load, including the spindle, to reciprocate along a first direction for processing a corresponding circuit board on a worktable. In the spindle assembly, the load, including the spindle clamp, is connected to the drive component. When the drive component drives the load to reciprocate along the first direction, it must not only provide driving force but also overcome the weight of the load, resulting in significant variations in the driving force. During load descent, the sum of the driving force and the load's weight provides the load's downward acceleration; during load ascent, the difference between the driving force and the load's weight provides the load's upward acceleration. This variation in driving force causes the drive component to vibrate, affecting the positioning and processing accuracy of the spindle assembly. In the embodiments of this application, the load includes components such as the spindle clamp, the spindle, and at least a portion of elastic elements that reciprocate along the first direction. The drive component drives the load to accelerate upward or downward, which can improve processing efficiency.

[0031] To address the issues with the drive mechanism, this application provides a spindle assembly comprising: a base plate, a spindle clamp, and a spindle. The spindle clamp is slidably mounted on the base plate, and the spindle is disposed on the spindle clamp. A drive mechanism and an elastic element are connected between the spindle clamp and the base plate. The drive mechanism is configured to drive the spindle clamp and the spindle to reciprocate along a first direction on the base plate. The elastic element is configured to provide a constant tension between the base plate and the spindle clamp. This spindle assembly for circuit board processing equipment can improve the stability of the drive mechanism and the spindle, prevent drive mechanism vibration, and ensure that the spindle acceleration changes linearly with the thrust of the drive mechanism, thereby improving the positioning accuracy and machining accuracy of the spindle assembly.

[0032] In some embodiments of this application, the elastic element includes an elastic tube and an elastic rod extending along a first direction. When the spindle reciprocates along the first direction, the elastic rod moves synchronously within the elastic tube along the first direction. The elastic element includes an elastic tube and an elastic rod penetrating the elastic tube, the elastic rod being movable relative to the elastic tube. During the drive member's movement of the load along the first direction, the elastic rod follows the spindle clamp along the first direction. Because the elastic rod penetrates the interior of the elastic tube, it moves synchronously relative to the elastic tube along the first direction. Regardless of the relative movement of the elastic tube with respect to the elastic tube, the elastic rod continuously provides a constant tensile force to the load, including the spindle clamp and the spindle.

[0033] In some embodiments of this application, a top plate is provided on the base plate above the spindle clamp; an elastic tube is disposed on the top plate, and an elastic rod passes through the elastic tube and is connected to the top end of the spindle clamp. When the elastic tube is disposed on the top plate, the upper end of the elastic rod passes through the elastic tube, and the lower end of the elastic rod is connected to the top end of the spindle clamp. This structure allows the load to be suspended on the elastic element, which provides tension to overcome the load's gravity. During the process of the drive component driving the load to move in the first direction, the drive component only needs to provide the driving force to accelerate the load. The acceleration of the load changes linearly with the change of the driving force, resulting in a shorter load response time, more precise driving and adjustment, and avoidance of drive component vibration, thus creating conditions for improving the positioning accuracy and machining accuracy of the spindle.

[0034] In some embodiments of this application, an elastic tube is connected to the spindle clamp and faces the base plate, and at least a portion of an elastic rod is embedded in the base plate and faces the spindle clamp, with the elastic rod passing through the elastic tube. An elastic element is provided between the base plate and the spindle clamp, and the elastic element is located in the area between the spindle clamp and the base plate. Specifically, the elastic tube is connected to the side of the spindle clamp and faces the base plate; at least a portion of the elastic rod is embedded in the side of the base plate and faces the spindle clamp; the elastic rod passes through the elastic tube and can move relative to the elastic tube. Two sets of slide rails and sliders are provided between the spindle clamp and the base plate, and the spindle clamp slides against the base plate via the sliders and slide rails; as a preferred embodiment, the elastic tube and elastic rod of the elastic element are located in the area between the two sets of slide rails.

[0035] In some embodiments of this application, one end of the elastic element is connected to the base plate, and the other end is connected to the top of the spindle clamp. At least one section of the elastic element is arc-shaped. An elastic element with an arc-shaped structure is disposed between the base plate and the spindle clamp, with one end connected to the base plate and the other end connected to the top of the spindle clamp. That is, the load is suspended from the base plate by the arc-shaped elastic element. By changing the degree of curvature of the arc-shaped elastic element, the load moves along a first direction. The arc-shaped elastic element provides approximately the same tensile force to the load to overcome its gravity.

[0036] In some embodiments of this application, a top plate is provided on the base plate above the spindle clamp; one end of the elastic element is connected to the top plate, and the other end of the elastic element is connected to the top of the spindle clamp. The elastic element also includes an air inlet and an air outlet. The elastic element includes an elastic tube and an elastic rod, and the elastic rod stores airflow. The pressure of the airflow is controlled to control the tension of the elastic element. When the airflow pressure is constant, the tension of the elastic rod on the load, including the spindle clamp, is constant. The elastic rod is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet, which are used to control the airflow pressure inside the elastic rod. Similarly, when the drive member drives the spindle clamp and the spindle to reciprocate in a first direction, the elastic rod moves synchronously in the first direction within the elastic tube.

[0037] In some embodiments of this application, the drive member is disposed on an adjacent side between the spindle clamp and the base plate, or between the spindle clamp and the top plate. During the reciprocating motion of the spindle clamp and the spindle in the first direction, the tension is the same as the weight of the load on the drive member. The elastic member provides a constant tension between the base plate and the spindle clamp, which balances the weight of the load. In the spindle assembly, the drive member provides a driving force F1 in the first direction, and the load on the drive member in the first direction is M1, F1 / M1=a, where a is the acceleration of the load in the first direction. The driving force F1 provides an acceleration a in the first direction to the load M1, driving the load to reciprocate upward or downward in the first direction. However, the load M1 has gravity, that is, in the first direction, the load including the spindle clamp, the spindle, the elastic member, etc., has gravity. When the upward tension of the elastic member is the same as the weight of the load, the gravity is balanced by the tension, and the drive member does not need to consider the influence of gravity, but only needs to drive the reciprocating motion of the load in the first direction. Therefore, in the first direction, when the load M1 is constant, the driving force F1 output by the drive component is linearly related to the acceleration a of the load. As the driving force changes, the acceleration changes linearly. This linear change of driving force with acceleration makes the spindle in the load move stably in the first direction, and there will be no problem of the drive component shaking affecting the spindle positioning accuracy and machining accuracy.

[0038] Compared to ordinary springs, elastic elements provide a constant tension, while ordinary springs provide a tension that varies with displacement. This varying tension means the tension cannot completely balance the load's weight, requiring the drive component to balance it. Especially during the transition of the load between rising and falling in the first direction, the drive force must overcome the load's weight that wasn't balanced by the spring tension, causing the drive force to change with the load displacement. This leads to drive component vibration, affecting the spindle's positioning and machining accuracy. In contrast, when the elastic element's tension equals the load's weight, it completely balances the load's gravity. The drive component only needs to provide work to the load, delivering acceleration 'a', causing the load's acceleration to change linearly with the drive force. This reduces drive component vibration and improves the spindle's positioning and machining accuracy.

[0039] In the embodiments of this application, the elastic element provides a constant tensile force. Here, "constant" is relative; the tensile force is considered to remain approximately constant if it falls within a predetermined threshold range. From the perspective of the technical effect of the tensile force, it is sufficient if the tensile force is substantially the same as the weight of the load. As is well known to those skilled in the art, both "constant" and "same" have a range of error; anything within a reasonable range of error is considered constant or the same.

[0040] In some embodiments of this application, the driving force of the drive component and the acceleration of the load exhibit a linear relationship. This linear relationship means that the acceleration changes with the driving force; as the driving force increases, the acceleration increases, and as the driving force decreases, the acceleration decreases. When the elastic element provides a constant tension between the base plate and the spindle, the driving force F1 provided by the drive component to the load drives the load to reciprocate in the first direction with acceleration a, thereby realizing the processing of the circuit board on the worktable. Neither the driving force F1 nor the acceleration a is affected by the load's gravity, avoiding nonlinear changes in the driving force F1 and acceleration a caused by variations in tension, which could lead to spindle and drive component vibration affecting positioning and machining accuracy.

[0041] In the spindle assembly, the drive component can be implemented in two ways: a linear motor or a cylindrical motor. When the drive component is a linear motor, it is positioned on an adjacent side between the spindle clamp and the base plate. The drive component includes a stator and a mover, one of which is positioned on the side of the spindle clamp facing the base plate, and the other is positioned on the side of the base plate facing the spindle clamp. Controlling the relative movement of the mover and stator drives the spindle clamp and the load, including the spindle clamp, to move relative to the base plate along a first direction. When the drive component is a cylindrical motor, it is positioned between the spindle clamp and the top plate, with one end connected to the top plate and the other end connected to the top of the spindle clamp. Similarly, the drive component includes a stator and a mover, and the relative movement of the stator and mover drives the spindle clamp connected to the mover of the drive component and the load, including the spindle, to move relative to the base plate along a first direction. In the above and below embodiments of this application, the position, structure, and arrangement of the drive component are not limited, as long as they can satisfy the requirement of driving the load to move linearly.

[0042] Embodiments of this application also provide a circuit board processing device, comprising: a worktable disposed on a base and moving in a second direction; at least one spindle assembly moving in a third direction slidably mounted on a crossbeam mounted above the worktable; the spindle assembly includes a base plate, a spindle clamp, and a spindle, the spindle clamp being slidably mounted on the base plate, the spindle being disposed on the spindle clamp, and a top plate disposed on the base plate above the spindle clamp; a driving member is disposed between adjacent sides of the spindle clamp and the base plate, the driving member being configured to drive the spindle clamp and the spindle to reciprocate on the base plate in a first direction; an elastic member is disposed between the spindle clamp and the top plate, the elastic member being configured to provide a constant tension between the base plate and the spindle clamp; the first direction, the second direction, and the third direction are perpendicular to each other.

[0043] This circuit board processing equipment incorporates an elastic element between the spindle clamp and the base plate. This elastic element is configured to provide a constant tension between the base plate and the spindle clamp. By providing this constant tension, the load's gravity is balanced for the drive components, improving the stability of the spindle and drive components, preventing vibration, and providing the prerequisite for linear output of the drive force and load acceleration.

[0044] Example 1

[0045] This embodiment uses a circuit board processing equipment as a four-axis drilling device, which includes four spindle assemblies. Each spindle assembly has a magnetic spring between the spindle clamp and the top plate, and the driving component is located on the adjacent side between the spindle clamp and the bottom plate. The structure of the spindle assembly and the circuit board processing equipment is described in detail.

[0046] In this embodiment, as Figure 1 , Figure 2As shown, the circuit board processing equipment includes: a base 40, a crossbeam 30, a spindle assembly 10, a worktable 20, etc. The worktable 20 is set on the base 40 and moves along a second direction. Four spindle assemblies 10 that move along a third direction are slidably connected on the crossbeam 30 that is mounted above the worktable 20. The spindle 110 of each spindle assembly 10 moves along a first direction to process the corresponding circuit board carried on the worktable 20. The first direction, the second direction, and the third direction are perpendicular to each other.

[0047] In this embodiment example, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the circuit board processing equipment includes: a worktable disposed on a base and moving in a second direction; at least one spindle assembly moving in a third direction slidably mounted on a crossbeam mounted above the worktable; the spindle assembly includes a base plate, a spindle clamp, and a spindle, the spindle clamp being slidably mounted on the base plate, the spindle being disposed on the spindle clamp, and a top plate being disposed on the base plate above the spindle clamp; a driving member and an elastic member are connected between the spindle clamp and the base plate, the driving member being configured to drive the spindle clamp and the spindle to reciprocate on the base plate in a first direction; the elastic member being configured to provide a constant tension between the base plate and the spindle clamp; the first direction, the second direction, and the third direction are perpendicular to each other.

[0048] This circuit board processing equipment includes four spindle assemblies, such as Figure 2 As shown, each spindle assembly 10 includes: a base plate 112, a spindle clamp 111, and a spindle 110. The spindle clamp 111 is slidably attached to the base plate 112, and the spindle 110 is disposed on the spindle clamp 111. A top plate 113 is disposed on the base plate 112 above the spindle clamp 111. A drive member 114 and an elastic member 15 are connected between the spindle clamp 111 and the base plate 112. The drive member 114 is configured to drive the spindle clamp 111 and the spindle 110 to reciprocate along a first direction on the base plate 112. The elastic member 15 is configured to provide a constant tension between the base plate 112 and the spindle clamp 111.

[0049] In this embodiment, the elastic element 15 is a magnetic spring. A magnetic spring 15 is connected between the spindle clamp 111 and the top plate 113 of the base plate 112. The magnetic spring 15 is indirectly connected to the base plate 113, and provides a constant tension between the top plate 113 and the spindle clamp 111. Figure 4As shown, the magnetic spring 15 includes a magnetic rod 152 and a magnetic tube 151 extending along a first direction. The magnetic rod 152 is cylindrical, and the magnetic tube 151 is tubular. The magnetic rod 152 passes through the tube body of the magnetic tube 151. The magnetic tube 151 is disposed on the top plate 113. One end of the magnetic rod 152 passes through the magnetic tube 151, and the other end is connected to the top end of the spindle clamp 111. The bottom plate 112 is provided with the top plate 113. The magnetic tube 151 and the magnetic rod 152 are connected between the top end of the spindle clamp 111 and the top plate 113. The load, including the spindle clamp 111 and the spindle 110, is suspended on the top plate 113 through the magnetic tube 151 and the magnetic rod 152, creating conditions for the magnetic spring 15 to balance the gravity of the load.

[0050] In this embodiment, as Figure 2 As shown, a driving member 114 is disposed between adjacent sides of the spindle clamp 111 and the base plate 112. The driving member 114 is connected to the spindle clamp 111 and the base plate 112, and is configured to drive the spindle clamp 111 and the spindle 110 to reciprocate along a first direction on the base plate 112. Two sets of sliders are disposed on the spindle clamp 111, and two sets of slide rails extending along the first direction are disposed on the base plate 112. The sliders slide on the slide rails, driving the load, including the spindle clamp 111, to move along the first direction. In a third direction, the driving member 114 is disposed in the area between the two sets of slide rails; in a second direction, the driving member 114 is disposed between adjacent sides of the spindle clamp 111 and the base plate 112. Due to obstruction, the attached... Figure 2 The drive unit 114 is shown in dashed lines. The drive unit 114 is a linear motor.

[0051] In this embodiment, as Figure 2As shown, the magnetic spring 15 provides tension for the load suspended from the top plate 113. When the spindle 110 and spindle clamp 111 move along the first direction, the magnetic rod 152 moves synchronously along the first direction within the magnetic tube 151. The load reciprocates on the bottom plate 112 along the first direction. The tension provided by the magnetic spring 15 is the same as the weight of the load, where weight refers to the gravitational force acting on the driving force along the first direction. Specifically, in the spindle assembly 10, the drive member 114 provides a driving force F1 in the first direction to the load. The total mass of the load in the first direction is M1. According to Newton's second law, F1 / M1 = a, where a is the acceleration of the load in the first direction. The driving force F1 provides an acceleration a in the first direction to the load with a total mass of M1, driving the load to reciprocate upward or downward in the first direction. However, the load M1 is subject to gravity. That is, in the first direction, the load, including the spindle clamp, spindle, and elastic rod, is subject to gravity. When the upward pulling force of the magnetic spring 15 is equal to the downward gravity of the load, the gravity is balanced by the pulling force. The drive component 114 does not need to consider the influence of gravity; it only needs to drive the reciprocating motion of the load in the first direction. Therefore, in the first direction, when the load mass M1 is constant, the driving force F1 output by the drive component 114 is linearly related to the acceleration a of the load. As the driving force changes, the acceleration changes linearly. This linear change in driving force with acceleration ensures that the spindle in the load moves stably and linearly in the first direction, preventing the drive component 114 from vibrating and affecting positioning and machining accuracy.

[0052] The aforementioned spindle assembly and circuit board processing equipment have a magnetic spring 15 installed between the top plate and the spindle clamp. The magnetic spring 15 provides a constant tension between the bottom plate and the spindle clamp, which can improve the stability of the spindle, spindle clamp and drive components, prevent vibration, create conditions for the drive components to drive the spindle to move linearly in the first direction, and improve the processing accuracy of the circuit board processing equipment.

[0053] Example 2

[0054] This embodiment uses a circuit board processing equipment as a four-axis drilling device, which includes four spindle assemblies. Each spindle assembly has a nitrogen spring between the spindle clamp and the top plate, and the drive unit is located between the top plate and the spindle clamp. The structure of the spindle assembly and the circuit board processing equipment is described in detail.

[0055] In this embodiment, as Figure 1 , Figure 3 As shown, the structure of the spindle assembly and circuit board processing equipment is similar to that of Embodiment 1, and will not be described again here. The difference is that in this embodiment, the elastic element is implemented as a nitrogen spring, and the driving element is set between the top plate and the spindle clamp.

[0056] In this embodiment example, such as Figure 1 , Figure 3As shown, the circuit board processing equipment includes: a worktable 20 disposed on a base 40 and moving in a second direction; at least one spindle assembly 10 moving in a third direction is slidably mounted on a crossbeam 30 mounted above the worktable 20; the spindle assembly 10 includes a base plate 112, a spindle clamp 111, and a spindle 110, the spindle clamp 111 being slidably mounted on the base plate 112, the spindle 110 being disposed on the spindle clamp 111, and a top plate 113 disposed on the base plate 112 above the spindle clamp 111; a drive member 114 and an elastic member 15 are connected between the spindle clamp 111 and the base plate 112, the drive member 114 being configured to drive the spindle clamp 111 and the spindle 110 to reciprocate in a first direction on the base plate 112; the elastic member 15 being configured to provide a constant tension between the base plate 112 and the spindle clamp 111, the first direction, the second direction, and the third direction being perpendicular to each other.

[0057] In this embodiment, the elastic element 15 is a nitrogen spring. A nitrogen spring 15 is connected between the spindle clamp 111 and the top plate 113 of the base plate 112. The nitrogen spring 15 is indirectly connected to the base plate 113, and provides a constant tension between the top plate 113 and the spindle clamp 111. Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the nitrogen spring 15 provides a constant tension between the base plate 112 and the spindle clamp 111. The nitrogen spring 15 includes an elastic rod 152 and an elastic tube 151 extending along a first direction. The elastic rod 152 is cylindrical, and the elastic tube 151 is tubular. The elastic rod 152 passes through the body of the elastic tube 151. The elastic tube 151 is disposed on the top plate 113. One end of the elastic rod 152 passes through the elastic tube 151, and the other end is connected to the spindle clamp 111. The elastic tube 151 and the elastic rod 152 are connected between the spindle clamp 111 and the top plate 113. The load, including the spindle clamp and the spindle, is suspended on the top plate 113 through the elastic tube 151 and the elastic rod 152, creating conditions for the nitrogen spring 15 to balance the gravity of the load.

[0058] In this embodiment, as Figure 3 As shown, the drive unit 114 is a cylindrical motor, which is disposed between the spindle clamp 111 and the top plate 113. One end of the drive unit 114 is connected to the top plate 113, and the other end is connected to the top end of the spindle clamp 111. Similarly, the drive unit 114 includes a stator and a mover. The relative movement of the stator and the mover drives the spindle clamp 111 connected to the mover of the drive unit 114 and the load including the spindle 110 to move relative to the base plate 112 in a first direction. Figure 3 As shown, between the top plate 113 and the top of the spindle clamp, the drive unit 114 is located on the inner side, and the nitrogen spring 15 is located on the outer side.

[0059] Nitrogen spring 15 provides tension for the load suspended from top plate 113. When spindle 110 and spindle clamp 111 move along the first direction, elastic rod 152 moves synchronously along the first direction within elastic tube 151. The load reciprocates on bottom plate 112 along the first direction. The tension provided by nitrogen spring is the same as the weight of the load, where weight refers to the gravitational force acting on the driving force along the first direction. Specifically, in the spindle assembly, the driving component provides a driving force F1 in the first direction to the load. The total mass of the load in the first direction is M1. According to Newton's second law, F1 / M1 = a, where a is the acceleration of the load in the first direction. The driving force F1 provides an acceleration a in the first direction to the load with a total mass of M1, driving the load to reciprocate upwards or downwards in the first direction. However, the load M1 is subject to gravity. This means that in the first direction, the load, including the spindle clamp, spindle, and elastic components, is subject to gravity. When the upward tension of the nitrogen spring equals the downward gravity of the load, the gravity is balanced by the tension. The drive component does not need to consider the influence of gravity; it only needs to drive the load's reciprocating motion in the first direction. Therefore, in the first direction, when the load mass M1 is constant, the driving force F1 output by the drive component is linearly related to the load's acceleration a. As the driving force changes, the acceleration changes linearly. This linear change in driving force with acceleration ensures that the spindle in the load moves stably and linearly in the first direction, preventing drive component vibration that could affect machining accuracy.

[0060] In the aforementioned spindle assembly and circuit board processing equipment, a nitrogen spring is installed between the top plate and the spindle clamp. The nitrogen spring provides a constant tension between the bottom plate and the spindle clamp, which can improve the stability of the spindle, spindle clamp, and drive components, prevent vibration, create conditions for the drive components to drive the spindle to move linearly in the first direction, and improve the processing accuracy of the circuit board processing equipment.

[0061] Example 3

[0062] This embodiment uses a circuit board processing equipment as a four-axis drilling device, which includes four spindle assemblies. Each spindle assembly has a magnetic spring between its spindle clamp and the base plate. The structure of the spindle assembly and the circuit board processing equipment is described in detail.

[0063] In this embodiment, as Figure 1 , Figure 6 As shown, the structure of the spindle assembly and circuit board processing equipment is similar to that of Embodiment 1, and will not be described again here. The difference lies in the position of the magnetic spring in this embodiment. The magnetic spring 15 is disposed on the side of the base plate 112 and the spindle clamp 111, located in the area between adjacent sides of the base plate 112 and the spindle clamp 111; the position of the drive member 114 is also different, being disposed between the top plate 113 and the spindle clamp 111.

[0064] In this embodiment example, such as Figure 1 , Figure 6 As shown, the circuit board processing equipment includes: a worktable 20 disposed on a base 40 and moving in a second direction; at least one spindle assembly 10 moving in a third direction is slidably mounted on a crossbeam 30 mounted above the worktable 20; the spindle assembly 10 includes a base plate 112, a spindle clamp 111, and a spindle 110, the spindle clamp 111 being slidably mounted on the base plate 112, the spindle 110 being disposed on the spindle clamp 111, and a top plate 113 disposed on the base plate 112 above the spindle clamp 111; a drive member 114 and an elastic member 15 are connected between the spindle clamp 111 and the base plate 112, the drive member 114 being configured to drive the spindle clamp 111 and the spindle 110 to reciprocate on the base plate 112 in a first direction; the elastic member 15 being configured to provide a constant tension between the base plate 112 and the spindle clamp 111; the first direction, the second direction, and the third direction are perpendicular to each other.

[0065] In this embodiment example, such as Figure 4 , Figure 6 As shown, the elastic element 15 is a magnetic spring. The magnetic spring 15 is directly connected to the adjacent sides of the base plate 112 and the spindle clamp 111. The magnetic tube 151 is connected to the spindle clamp 111 and faces the base plate 112. At least a portion of the magnetic rod 152 is embedded in the base plate 112 and faces the spindle clamp 111, and the magnetic rod 152 passes through the magnetic tube 151. A magnetic spring 15 is provided between the base plate 112 and the spindle clamp 111, and the magnetic spring is located in the area between the spindle clamp 111 and the base plate 112. Specifically, the magnetic tube 151 is connected to the side of the spindle clamp 111 and faces the base plate 112; at least a portion of the magnetic rod 152 is embedded in the side of the base plate 112 and faces the spindle clamp 111; the magnetic rod 152 passes through the magnetic tube 151 and can move relative to the magnetic tube 151. Two sets of slide rails and sliders are provided between the spindle clamp 111 and the base plate 112. The spindle clamp 111 is slidably connected to the base plate 112 through the slider and slide rails. In this embodiment, the magnetic tube 151 and the magnetic rod 152 are located in the area between the two sets of slide rails.

[0066] In this embodiment, the elastic element 15 is a magnetic spring, which provides a constant tension between the base plate 112 and the spindle clamp 111. The magnetic spring 15 includes a magnetic rod 152 and a magnetic tube 151 extending along a first direction. The magnetic rod 152 is cylindrical, and the magnetic tube 151 is tubular, with the magnetic rod 152 penetrating through the tube body of the magnetic tube 151. The magnetic tube 151 is disposed on the spindle clamp 111, and the magnetic rod 152 is disposed on the base plate 112 and penetrates the magnetic tube 151. The magnetic tube 151 and the magnetic rod 152 are connected between the spindle clamp 111 and the base plate 112. The load, including the spindle clamp 111 and the spindle 110, is suspended on the base plate 112 through the magnetic tube 151 and the magnetic rod 152, creating conditions for the magnetic spring 15 to balance the gravity of the load.

[0067] In this embodiment, as Figure 6 As shown, the drive unit 114 is a cylindrical motor. The drive unit 114 is disposed between the spindle clamp 111 and the top plate 113. One end of the drive unit 114 is connected to the top plate 113, and the other end is connected to the top of the spindle clamp 111. Similarly, the drive unit 114 includes a stator and a mover. The relative movement of the stator and the mover drives the spindle clamp 111 connected to the mover of the drive unit 114 and the load including the spindle 110 to move relative to the base plate 112 in the first direction.

[0068] The aforementioned spindle assembly and circuit board processing equipment have a magnetic spring installed between the base plate and the spindle clamp. The magnetic spring provides a constant tension between the base plate and the spindle clamp, which can improve the stability of the spindle, spindle clamp and drive components, prevent vibration, create conditions for the drive components to drive the spindle to move linearly in the first direction, and improve the processing accuracy of the circuit board processing equipment.

[0069] Example 4

[0070] This embodiment uses a circuit board processing equipment as a four-axis drilling device, which includes four spindle assemblies. Each spindle assembly has a leaf spring between the spindle clamp and the base plate, and a drive unit is located between the top plate and the spindle clamp. The structure of the spindle assembly and the circuit board processing equipment is described in detail.

[0071] In this embodiment, as Figure 1 , Figure 7 As shown, the structure of the spindle assembly and circuit board processing equipment is similar to that of Embodiment 1, and will not be described again here; the difference is that in this embodiment, the elastic element 15 is a leaf spring, and the driving element 114 is disposed between the top plate and the spindle clamp.

[0072] In this embodiment, the elastic element 15 is a leaf spring; the leaf spring is directly connected to the base plate 112 and the spindle clamp 111, and provides a constant tension between the base plate 112 and the spindle clamp 111. Figure 7As shown, one end of the leaf spring 15 is connected to the base plate 112, and the other end is connected to the top of the spindle clamp 111. At least one section of the leaf spring 15 is arc-shaped. A leaf spring 15 is positioned between the base plate 112 and the spindle clamp 111. The leaf spring 15 has an arc-shaped structure, with one end connected to the base plate 112 and the other end connected to the top of the spindle clamp 111. In other words, the load is suspended from the base plate 112 by the arc-shaped elastic element. By changing the degree of curvature of the arc-shaped structure, the leaf spring 15 enables the load to move in a first direction. The leaf spring 15 provides tension to the load to overcome its gravity; the tension is equal to the gravity.

[0073] In this embodiment, as Figure 7 As shown, the drive unit 114 is a cylindrical motor, which is disposed between the spindle clamp 111 and the top plate 113. One end of the drive unit 114 is connected to the top plate 113, and the other end is connected to the top end of the spindle clamp 111. Similarly, the drive unit 114 includes a stator and a mover. The relative movement of the stator and the mover drives the spindle clamp 111 connected to the mover of the drive unit 114 and the load including the spindle 110 to move relative to the base plate 112 in a first direction. Figure 7 As shown, between the top of the top plate 113 and the top of the spindle clamp 111, the drive member 114 is located on the inner side and the leaf spring 15 is located on the outer side.

[0074] The aforementioned spindle assembly and circuit board processing equipment have a leaf spring installed between the base plate and the spindle clamp. The leaf spring provides a constant tension between the base plate and the spindle clamp, which can improve the stability of the spindle, spindle clamp and drive components, prevent vibration, create conditions for the drive components to drive the spindle to move linearly in the first direction, and improve the processing accuracy of the circuit board processing equipment.

[0075] Example 5

[0076] This embodiment uses a circuit board processing equipment as a four-axis drilling device, which includes four spindle assemblies. Each spindle assembly has a pneumatic spring installed between its spindle clamp and top plate. The structure of the spindle assembly and the circuit board processing equipment is described in detail.

[0077] In this embodiment, as Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 5 As shown, the structure of the spindle assembly and circuit board processing equipment is similar to that of Embodiment 1, and will not be described again here; the difference is that in this embodiment, the elastic element is a gas spring.

[0078] In this embodiment, the elastic element 15 is implemented as a gas spring. One end of the gas spring 15 is connected to the top plate 113, and the other end of the gas spring 15 is connected to the top end of the main shaft clamp 111. The gas spring 15 also includes an air inlet and an air outlet. Figure 5As shown, the gas spring 15 includes an elastic tube 151 and an elastic rod 152. Airflow is stored within the elastic rod 152, and the pressure of the airflow is controlled to control the tension of the elastic element. When the airflow pressure is constant, the tension of the elastic rod 152 on the load, including the spindle clamp 111, is constant. The elastic rod 152 is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet, which are used to control the airflow pressure inside the elastic rod 152. Similarly, when the drive member 114 drives the spindle clamp 111 and the spindle 110 to reciprocate along a first direction, the elastic rod 152 moves synchronously along the first direction within the elastic tube 151.

[0079] In this embodiment, as Figure 2 As shown, a driving member 114 is disposed between adjacent sides of the spindle clamp 111 and the base plate 112. The driving member 114 is connected to the spindle clamp 111 and the base plate 112, and is configured to drive the spindle clamp 111 and the spindle 110 to reciprocate along a first direction on the base plate 112. Two sets of sliders are disposed on the spindle clamp 111, and two sets of slide rails extending along the first direction are disposed on the base plate 112. The sliders slide on the slide rails, driving the load, including the spindle clamp 111, to move along the first direction. In a third direction, the driving member 114 is disposed in the area between the two sets of slide rails; in a second direction, the driving member 114 is disposed between adjacent sides of the spindle clamp 111 and the base plate 112. Due to obstruction, the attached... Figure 2 The drive unit 114 is shown in dashed lines. The drive unit 114 is a linear motor.

[0080] The aforementioned spindle assembly and circuit board processing equipment have a pneumatic spring installed between the top plate and the spindle clamp. The pneumatic spring provides a constant tension between the bottom plate and the spindle clamp, which can improve the stability of the spindle, spindle clamp, and drive components, prevent vibration, and create conditions for the drive components to drive the spindle to move linearly in the first direction, thereby improving the processing accuracy of the circuit board processing equipment.

[0081] The various embodiments of this application have been described above. These descriptions are exemplary and not exhaustive, nor are they limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments. The terminology used herein is chosen to best explain the principles, practical applications, or technological improvements to the embodiments in the market, or to enable others skilled in the art to understand the embodiments disclosed herein. The scope of this application is defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A spindle assembly, characterized in that, include: The system comprises a base plate, a spindle clamp, and a spindle. The spindle clamp is slidably mounted on the base plate, and the spindle is disposed on the spindle clamp. A driving member and an elastic member are disposed between the spindle clamp and the base plate. The driving member is configured to drive the spindle clamp and the spindle to reciprocate on the base plate in a first direction. The elastic member is configured to provide a constant tension between the base plate and the spindle clamp. The elastic element includes an elastic tube and an elastic rod extending along the first direction. When the spindle and the spindle clamp reciprocate along the first direction, the elastic rod moves synchronously within the elastic tube along the first direction. Alternatively, one end of the elastic element is connected to the base plate, and the other end of the elastic element is connected to the top end of the spindle clamp. At least one segment of the elastic element is arc-shaped.

2. The spindle assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The base plate is provided with a top plate located above the spindle clamp; the elastic tube is provided on the top plate, and the elastic rod passes through the elastic tube and is connected to the top of the spindle clamp.

3. The spindle assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The elastic tube is connected to the spindle clamp and faces the base plate, and at least a portion of the elastic rod is embedded in the base plate and faces the spindle clamp, with the elastic rod passing through the elastic tube.

4. The spindle assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The base plate is provided with a top plate located above the spindle clamp; one end of the elastic element is connected to the top plate, and the other end of the elastic element is connected to the top of the spindle clamp. The elastic element also includes an air inlet and an air outlet.

5. The spindle assembly according to claim 2 or 4, characterized in that, The driving member is disposed between adjacent sides of the spindle clamp and the base plate, or the driving member is disposed between the spindle clamp and the top plate. When the driving member is configured to drive the spindle clamp and the spindle to reciprocate on the base plate in the first direction, the tension provided by the elastic member is the same as the gravity of the load driven by the driving member.

6. The spindle assembly according to claim 5, characterized in that, In the first direction, the driving force of the drive member is linearly related to the acceleration of the load.

7. The spindle assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The driving component is a linear motor, which includes a stator and a mover. One of the stator and the mover is disposed on the side of the base plate facing the spindle clamp, and the other is disposed on the side of the spindle clamp facing the base plate. Alternatively, the base plate is provided with a top plate located above the spindle clamp, and the driving component is a cylindrical motor, with one end of the cylindrical motor connected to the top plate and the other end connected to the top of the spindle clamp.

8. A circuit board processing equipment, characterized in that, include: A worktable is mounted on a base and moves in a second direction; at least one spindle assembly that moves in a third direction is slidably mounted on a crossbeam mounted above the worktable. The spindle assembly includes a base plate, a spindle clamp, and a spindle. The spindle clamp is slidably connected to the base plate, and the spindle is disposed on the spindle clamp. A top plate is disposed on the base plate above the spindle clamp. A driving member and an elastic member are disposed between the spindle clamp and the base plate. The driving member is configured to drive the spindle clamp and the spindle to reciprocate along a first direction on the base plate. The elastic element is configured to provide a constant tension between the base plate and the spindle clamp; The first direction, the second direction, and the third direction are perpendicular to each other.

9. A circuit board processing equipment, characterized in that, include: A worktable is mounted on a base and moves in a second direction; at least one spindle assembly that moves in a third direction is slidably mounted on a crossbeam mounted above the worktable. The spindle assembly includes a base plate, a spindle clamp, and a spindle. The spindle clamp is slidably connected to the base plate, and the spindle is disposed on the spindle clamp. A top plate is disposed on the base plate above the spindle clamp. A driving member is disposed between adjacent sides of the spindle clamp and the base plate. The driving member is configured to drive the spindle clamp and the spindle to reciprocate on the base plate in a first direction. An elastic element is provided between the spindle clamp and the top plate, and the elastic element is configured to provide a constant tension between the bottom plate and the spindle clamp. The first direction, the second direction, and the third direction are perpendicular to each other.

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