Device on a carding machine or combing machine with a garnished drum and at least one garnished adjacent receiver

Abstract

Device on a carding machine or carding machine with a garnished drum, at least one garnished adjacent take-up unit and a stripping roller, which interact with a small mutual distance between the cylindrical surfaces (working distance) at the fiber transfer points, with a side part (side plate) arranged on both sides of the drum and fixedly mounted on a frame, and a displacement device for the take-up unit to set a predetermined working distance with an adjustment device, wherein, for setting the working distance (a), the side part (18a, 18b) of the drum (4) and the holding element (19a) for the take-up unit (5) is coupled by at least one force transmission means (21; 21a), characterized in that mechanical means (28, 29; 30) are assigned to the holding element (19a) and the holding device (26) for the stripping roller (6), by means of which the working distance (b) between take-up unit (5) and stripping roller (6) is adjustable.

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a device on a carding machine or carding machine with a garnished drum, at least one garnished adjacent take-up roller and a stripping roller, which interact with a small mutual distance between the cylindrical surfaces (working distance) at the fiber transfer points, with a side part (side plate) arranged on both sides of the drum and fixedly mounted on a frame and a relocation device for the take-up roller in order to set a predetermined working distance with an adjustment device.

[0002] In modern high-performance carding machines, component heating and the associated change in component spacing play an increasingly important role. This also applies to the gap between the drum and the end piece. To achieve high quality at maximum production, this gap must be kept as constant as possible. However, the continuous increase in production with new generations of carding machines also leads to more pronounced differences between the cold-set roller gap and the warm-up gap. For example, in polyester processing, the necessary cold setting for an optimal roller gap can sometimes be so large when the machine is warm that clean spinning is hardly possible. Furthermore, the technological result during the "warm-up phase" is significantly worse than when the machine is fully heated.

[0003] Carding processes increasingly larger quantities of fiber material per unit of time, necessitating higher speeds of the working components and greater installed power. Even with a constant working area, the increased fiber material throughput (production) leads to greater heat generation due to the mechanical work involved. At the same time, however, the technological carding result (strip uniformity, degree of cleanliness, nit reduction, etc.) is constantly being improved, requiring more carding surfaces and tighter adjustments of these surfaces, e.g., fixed covers and / or moving covers to the drum (tambour). The proportion of man-made fibers being processed, which—compared to cotton—generate more heat through friction when in contact with the carding surfaces (tapes) of the machine, is steadily increasing.The working components of high-performance carding machines are now fully encapsulated on all sides to meet high safety standards, prevent particle emissions into the spinning mill environment, and minimize machine maintenance requirements. Grates or even open, material-carrying surfaces that allow air exchange are largely a thing of the past. These circumstances significantly increase the heat input into the machine, while heat dissipation via convection decreases considerably. The resulting increased heating of high-performance carding machines leads to greater thermoelastic deformations, which, due to the uneven distribution of the temperature field, affect the set distances of the working surfaces: The distances between the drum and the cover, the take-up end, the fixed covers, and the reject points decrease.In extreme cases, the set gap between the working surfaces can be completely eliminated by thermal expansion, causing relatively moving components to collide. This results in significant damage to the affected high-performance card. Furthermore, the generation of heat within the card's working area can lead to differing thermal expansions if there are excessively large temperature differences between the components.

[0004] Carding gaps and roller spacing are extremely important on the carding machine. The carding quality depends entirely on the precise adjustment of these gaps (roller gaps). Under the influence of heat, the rollers expand, and the gaps change. In addition to the expansion of the rollers due to centrifugal force, which significantly alters the gaps, high production and carding-intensive chemical fibers further contribute to significant heating of the rollers. This results in thermally induced dimensional changes in the rollers. To achieve optimal carding quality, it is essential that the roller spacing remains constant during operation. In this context, "constant" means that the change in spacing should preferably be less than 0.01 mm.

[0005] In a known device (EP 1 300 494 B), a discharge module comprises a support. The pivot axis of the pickup is fixedly arranged in the associated support. The support has a pivot axis that connects the support to a base plate of the frame. The support is pivotable about this axis between a ready position and a working position. In the working position of the discharge module, the pickup has a predetermined distance (working gap) at the transfer position relative to the drum. Adjusting the module about the pivot axis is accomplished by leverage between the axis and a respective adjustment point located away from the pivot axis. At each adjustment point, there is an adjustment mechanism (adjustment device), e.g., a screw. Any type of adjustable element can be provided between the support and a stationary stop on the machine frame.The support structure for the drum consists of the aforementioned base plate and extends from side to side across the entire working width. A pair of support legs is attached to each end, and each pair of legs carries a bearing plate that houses the bearings for the drum shaft. With this device, a predetermined working distance between the drum and the workpiece is set once before operation using the adjustment mechanism (adjustment device) and maintained during operation. The working gap is initially set slightly larger when cold and decreases to the desired dimension as the temperature of the drum and the adjacent roller increases. A disadvantage is that the working gap is too large when the machine is cold and only reaches the desired value once it has warmed up.When the carding machine has to start up from a standstill to process a certain batch of fiber flakes, the temperatures of the various parts of the machine change continuously over a period of time until a steady or constant state (operating temperature) is finally reached. The "transient" period of these temperature changes is much longer than the start-up period itself. For example, thermal equilibrium is only reached after 1 to 5 hours. This results in lower quality carded sliver during the warm-up phase. Furthermore, the manufacturing process must be extremely precise. The set working gap is therefore different when the machine is cold and when it is warm. This difference is even more pronounced when processing different fiber materials, such as cotton or synthetic fibers.

[0006] The pickup roller works in conjunction with the scraper roller located downstream in the direction of travel. If the distance between the pickup roller and the drum is adjusted by the adjustment mechanism, the distance between the pickup roller and the scraper roller may also be undesirably altered.

[0007] DE 10 2009 031 978 A1 discloses a device on a carding machine or carding drum for adjusting the working distance between the garnished drum and at least one adjacent garnished roller, e.g., a take-up roller and / or a pre-tearer, which interact with a small mutual distance between the cylindrical surfaces (working distance) at the fiber transfer points and in which the working distance is to be adjustable to a predetermined value due to dimensional changes caused by thermal expansion and / or centrifugal forces. An adjustment device for the adjacent roller, actuated by the supply of heat energy, is provided.

[0008] From DE 694 08 201 T2, a device for adjusting the distance between the working cylinders and the large drum and / or the take-up unit and the large drum on a carding machine is known. The device for each working cylinder and / or for the take-up unit has a bearing and mounting element which is adjustable in position on the machine frame and works together with a positioning device that regulates automatically.

[0009] In contrast, the invention is based on the objective of creating a device of the type described above which avoids the aforementioned disadvantages, which is in particular simple in design and which makes it possible to keep the working gap between the pickup and the drum on the one hand and the pickup and the scraper roller on the other hand essentially constant in any operating position.

[0010] This problem is solved by the characterizing features of claim 1.

[0011] The measures according to the invention enable the constant maintenance of roller spacing in carding machines in a structurally simple manner. According to the invention, a displacement device for the adjacent roller, actuated by a force transmission means, e.g., a mechanical coupling, is provided in order to maintain the working distance between the drum and the receiving roller constant under changing operating conditions.

[0012] The distance between the drum and the pickup is adjusted at the power transmission element, e.g., an adjusting spindle. The pickup pivots around a bearing pivot point, changing its position relative to the holding device for the scraper roller or the fleece take-up mechanism. The distance between the pickup and the scraper roller is adjusted mechanically, e.g., by an adjustable sliding shoe or an adjustable connecting rod. The holding element for the scraper roller or fleece take-up mechanism is preferably supported on the sliding shoe by a guide rail.

[0013] The sliding guide track is advantageously designed so that the set distance remains constant even when the sensor is adjusted. The connecting rod effectively maintains the set distance even when the sensor is adjusted.

[0014] Claims 2 to 19 contain advantageous further developments of the invention.

[0015] The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to exemplary embodiments shown in the drawings.

[0016] It shows: Fig. 1 Schematic side view of a carding machine for the device according to the invention, Fig. 1a the working distance between the drum assembly and the scraper roller assembly according to Fig. 1, Fig. 1b the working distance between the pickup assembly and the scraper roller assembly according to Fig. 1, Fig. 2 Side view: Detail from the side plate of the drum and the pickup, which are connected by a screw spindle, wherein the pickup with its associated side plate is pivotable about a rotary bearing, Fig. 3 a sliding shoe assigned to the side plate of the take-up device and a sliding guide track assigned to the holding device of the wipe-off roller (fleece take-up device), Fig. 3a Detailed representation of the interaction of the sliding shoe with the sliding guide track according to Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 a connecting rod, one end of which is rotatably attached to the side plate of the receiver and the other end of which is rotatably attached to the holding device for the wiper roller (nonwoven removal).

[0017] Fig. Figure 1 shows a carding machine, e.g., a Trützschler carding machine TC, with feeding roller 1, feeding table 2, pre-tearers 3a, 3b, 3c, drum 4, take-up roller 5, stripping roller 6, squeeze rollers 7, 8, fleece guide element 9, feed hopper 10, take-off rollers 11, 12, traveling cover 13 with cover deflection rollers 13a, 13b and cover bars 14, can 15 and can holder 16. The directions of rotation of the rollers are shown with curved arrows. M1 denotes the center point (axis) of the drum 4, M2 the center point of the take-up roller 5, and M3 the center point of the stripping roller 6. 4a indicates the roller assembly and 4b the direction of rotation of the drum 4. 5a indicates the roller assembly and 5b the direction of rotation of the take-up roller 5. C denotes the direction of rotation of the traveling cover 13 in carding position, C' denotes the return transport direction of the cover rods 14, and 17', 17" denote stationary functional elements. Arrow A denotes the working direction.

[0018] In Fig. 1a is the working distance between the fitting 4a of the drum 4 and the fitting 5a of the take-up device 5 with a and the working distance between the fitting 5a of the take-up device 5 and the fitting 6a of the scraper roller 6 with b.

[0019] Accordingly Fig. 2. A side plate 18a of the drum 4 and a side plate 19a of the receiver 5 are coupled to each other by a screw spindle 21a (adjusting spindle). The screw spindle 21a is supported at one end by a flange 22a, stop, or the like of the side plate 18a and at its other end by a flange 23a, stop, or the like of the side plate 19a. The screw spindle 21a has screw threads at both ends, to which nuts are assigned, and the flanges 22a and 23a each have through bores that engage the screw threads of the screw spindle 21a. A stationary machine frame 24 (see figure) is used. Fig. 5a) is present, on which the stationary side plate 18a is permanently mounted. The drum 4 is also stationary. In addition, a rotary bearing 25 is permanently attached to the machine frame 24, around which the receiver 5 and the associated side plate 19a rotate in the direction of arrows H, I (see figure). Fig. 3) are swiveling.

[0020] The buyer is after Fig. 3 pivotally mounted about a fixed pivot point (rotary bearing 25) on the frame 24 of the machine. The rotary arm 34 of the pickup 5 is connected at one end to the spindle 21, metal rod, or the like. The connection can be made, for example, via a (not shown) ball disc, ball socket, or the like. The other end of the spindle 21 is attached to the side plate 18a. When the side plate 18a expands radially due to heating, the spindle 21 is displaced by essentially the same amount and thereby rotates the lever arm 26 about the pivot point 25 in the direction of arrow H. At the same time, the pickup 5 (and with it the side plate 19a, see figure 1) is moved. Fig. 2) pivoted about the pivot point 25 by the same amount. In this way, the distance a between the tips of the fitting 4a of the drum 4 and the fitting 5a of the receiver 5 remains constant or largely constant. Similarly, the receiver 5 is pivoted in the direction of arrow I about the pivot point 25 when the side plate 18a contracts radially due to cooling. The distance a remains constant or largely constant. In each case, the drum 4 and the side plate 18a remain stationary.

[0021] The drum 4 and the receiver 5 are equipped with a spike set 4a and 5a, respectively, on their cylindrical surfaces. During the transfer of fibers from the drum 4 to the receiver 5, the distance a between the cylindrical surfaces of the two rollers is crucial, along with other parameters such as the surface speed of both rollers and the type of spike set. Good working conditions between the rollers can only be ensured if the distance a is maintained within precise and very tight tolerances. With this arrangement, the optimal value for the distance a, for roller diameters of approximately 0.20 m to 1.5 m and roller widths up to approximately 2 m, lies in a range of approximately 0.05 mm < a < 0.3 mm. The lower limit of the distance a is not determined by technological factors but is maintained solely to prevent mutual contact or interference between the spike set points of the two rollers.

[0022] Otherwise, there is a risk of fire and mechanical damage to the expensive lace trims. The distance a is therefore extremely small compared to the roller dimensions. The diameter increase caused by the rise in roller temperature is, as investigations have shown, on the order of approximately 0.08 mm per 10°C temperature increase. The device according to the invention maintains an optimal value for the distance a and the tap 5, set when the carding machine is cold, during operation.

[0023] After Fig. 3 is the holding device 26 for the scraper roller 6 - which includes further elements of the nonwoven removal such as squeeze rollers 7, 8 (see below). Fig. 1) can include - a pivot bearing 27 rotatably mounted in the direction of arrows K, L.

[0024] A sliding shoe 28 is adjustably mounted at one end of a mounting rod 33. The mounting rod 33 is attached to the side plate 19 of the receiver 5. The holding device 26 has a sliding guide track 29 on the side facing the receiver 5, e.g., a concave arc. The outer contour of the sliding shoe 28, e.g., convexly arcuate, engages with the sliding guide track 29 (see figure). Fig. 3a).

[0025] Accordingly Fig. 4 a connecting rod 30 is provided, which is rotatably connected at one end via a pivot bearing 31 to the side plate 19a of the receiver 5 and at the other end via a pivot bearing 32 to the bracket 26 for fleece removal.

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