Wheel for two-wheelers with washer for spoke nipples

Abstract

Wheel for two-wheeled vehicles with a hub and a rim (1), with a plurality of spoke holes (7) and a plurality of spoke systems for connecting the hub to the rim (1), wherein a spoke nipple (9) is supported on the rim by a washer (13) in a load-transmitting manner, and the washer (13) consists of a ring profile rotationally symmetrical with respect to the longitudinal axis, which is mirror-symmetrical with respect to a central transverse axis (24) and forms an upper contoured entry surface (17a) and a lower contoured entry surface (17b) arranged mirror-symmetrically with respect to the central transverse axis (24), wherein the contour (22a, b, e, f) of the entry surfaces (17a, b) is adapted to the head radius contact surface (29) in the area of ​​the spoke nipple (9), characterized in that 1) the spoke holes (7) penetrate the rim bed (2) of the rim (1), 2) that the spoke nipples (9) are supported on the rim base (2) by the washer (13) in a load-bearing manner, 3) that the inlet surface (17a, b) of the washer (13) is positively engaged and has full surface contact with the head radius contact surface (29) of the spoke nipple (9) so that a surface transfer of the load takes place, which is absorbed by the washer (13) and is transferred via the bottom-side cover surface (16b) on the rim base (2) in the circumferential area of ​​the spoke hole (7).

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a wheel for two-wheelers with a hub and a rim with a plurality of spoke holes and a plurality of spoke systems for connecting the hub to the rim.

[0002] The spoke system comprises a spoke and a spoke nipple, which penetrates the rim base in the area of ​​a spoke hole and is provided with a washer for support against the rim base in order to transfer the tensile force of the spoke nipple via the washer to the rim base.

[0003] The subject matter of EP 2 769 851 A1 discloses such a wheel with spoke nipples on two-wheelers and associated washers.

[0004] The washer is curved around a longitudinal axis or in the circumferential direction of the rim base and has a convex, i.e. outwardly curved, rim contact surface in order to ensure optimal adaptation to the concave area, i.e. the inwardly curved area of ​​the rim.

[0005] The disadvantage of a washer shaped this way is that it must be installed in the correct orientation. It cannot be installed rotated 180°; instead, the installer must always install the washer in the correct orientation. Furthermore, the washer's shape must exactly match the shape of the rim base.

[0006] DE 20 2012 102 934 U1 discloses a wheel for two-wheelers with a hub and a rim, as well as a plurality of spoke systems for connecting the hub to the rim. For this purpose, the rim has a plurality of bushings on its inner circumference, which form a second radially recessed rim base and each have an elongated hole for attaching the spoke nipple, thus enabling the spoke nipple to be mounted even when a tube is already mounted on a first rim base.

[0007] Each spoke nipple of a spoke is supported by a washer in a load-transmitting manner on the second rim base of the rim, wherein the washer consists of a ring profile that is rotationally symmetrical with respect to the longitudinal axis, is mirror-symmetrical with respect to a central transverse axis and forms an upper contoured inlet surface and a lower contoured inlet surface arranged mirror-symmetrically thereto with respect to the central transverse axis, wherein the contour of the inlet surfaces is adapted to the head radius contact surface in the area of ​​the spoke nipple.

[0008] However, this rim is only suitable for tubeless tires, which require a closed first rim base. Another disadvantage is the unfavorable load transfer from the spoke via the spoke nipple to the second rim base, due to an asymmetrical force transfer, as the spoke nipple only rests on one side of the washer with a beveled surface, while the washer rests with part of its circumference on the open slotted hole.

[0009] Based on the prior art according to DE 20 2012 102 934 U1, the invention is based on the object of developing a wheel for two-wheelers with spoke nipples in such a way that the washers assigned to the spoke nipples can be installed more easily, work reliably, transmit high loads and storage is reduced.

[0010] To achieve the stated object, the invention is characterized by the technical teaching of claim 1.

[0011] A feature of the invention is that the washer now consists of a rotationally symmetrical ring profile, is mirror-symmetrical with respect to a central transverse axis, and thus forms an upper contoured inlet surface and a lower contoured inlet surface that is mirror-symmetrical thereto with respect to a central transition surface.

[0012] With the given technical teaching, a rotationally symmetrical and mirror-symmetrical washer with respect to a central transverse axis is now described, which forms an approximately cylindrical and centric transition surface in the central transverse axis, to which a contoured inlet surface is connected at the top and bottom.

[0013] The contour of the run-in surfaces is designed to match the contact surface of the spoke nipple's head radius. This means that the contact surfaces of the spoke nipple's head radius and the washer's run-in surfaces are flush and capable of transmitting high loads.

[0014] There is no line contact, but rather full-surface contact, so that high loads can be transferred.

[0015] Given the washer's mirror-symmetrical design with respect to a central transition surface, the washer can be installed in any orientation. It can be installed either in its original orientation or in a 180° reversed orientation without causing damage.

[0016] The invention is based on the fact that the rim base with the contact surface formed there on the rim base side is adapted to the lower end face and the contour of the end face of the washer.

[0017] If, for example, the rim base is straight, the load-transmitting lower cover surface of the washer should also be straight in order to ensure a high-load-transmitting surface pressure in the sense of a form-fitting adaptation.

[0018] In another embodiment, it is also possible that if the rim base is slightly concave, the lower end face of the washer is also slightly convex in order to adapt to this rim base.

[0019] Accordingly, the upper end face of the washer is also convex because it is a mirror-symmetrical part with respect to the central transverse axis.

[0020] In a preferred embodiment, however, the opposing cover surfaces, which are formed symmetrically to one another with respect to a central transverse axis, are straight and flat in order to adapt to a flat rim base.

[0021] Such a mirror-symmetrical, rotationally symmetrical part, designed as a washer, is particularly easy to manufacture. Machining is possible, as are forming processes such as casting, injection molding, or drop forging.

[0022] Sintered materials are also possible. Therefore, all machining and non-machining processes are considered advantageous for such a rotationally symmetric and mirror-symmetric body.

[0023] All metal alloys can be considered as material for the washer, such as an aluminum alloy or other light metal alloys, such as titanium alloys, magnesium alloys and the like.

[0024] Furthermore, plastics that are injected or cast can be used. Sintered metals, carbon parts made of glass fibers, and steel metal materials can also be used.

[0025] It follows that the washer according to the invention ensures that there is always a load-transferring surface contact on the spoke nipple and also an equal surface transfer on the rim base, so that any line contact is avoided.

[0026] In the following, the invention is explained in more detail with reference to drawings illustrating only several embodiments.

[0027] They show: Fig. 1: schematically shows a section through a wheel with mounted spoke, spoke nipple and washer Fig. 2: a perspective view of the washer Fig. 3: Section through the washer Fig. 4: Top view of the washer Fig. 5: a half-section through the washer Fig. 6: a section through the washer in various other embodiments Fig. 7: the mounting position of the washer in relation to the spoke nipple Fig. 8: one opposite Fig. 7 modified mounting position Fig. 9: a spoke nipple in side view Fig. 10: a section through the spoke nipple after Fig. 9 Fig. 11: a modified embodiment of a spoke nipple and its installation position in a rim, not belonging to the invention

[0028] Regarding the structure of a spoke nipple and the corresponding information, reference is made to DE 10 2007 040 271 A1, which is part of the state of the art.

[0029] The rim 1 after Fig. 1 is preferably formed from an extruded light metal profile which is rounded according to the desired rim diameter.

[0030] However, the rim 1 may also be made of any other material, in particular a carbon fiber composite material.

[0031] In the illustrated embodiment, it is assumed that the rim 1 is made of a light metal alloy and forms an upper rim cover 3 in which through holes 6 are arranged evenly distributed around the circumference. A spoke nipple 9 is passed through each of these through holes and is connected to the spoke 8 via a threaded connection 10.

[0032] On the underside of the spoke nipple 9, an annular collar 30 of enlarged diameter is formed, which has a spherically curved contour, against which the washer 13 according to the invention rests with the same curvature.

[0033] Above the rim cover 3, a receiving space 5 for receiving a bicycle tire is formed, while in the space between the rim cover 3 and the rim base 2, a hollow receiving space 4 is formed.

[0034] On the rim base 2, spoke holes 7 are provided, evenly distributed around the circumference, each of which is penetrated by a spoke nipple 9.

[0035] The spoke nipple 9 has, in a manner known per se, a first tool holder 11 on its upper side and possibly forms a further tool holder 12 on its lower extended shaft in the direction of the spoke 8 arranged there. The aforementioned tool holders 11, 12 can also be omitted.

[0036] A first embodiment of a washer 13 is shown in the Fig. 2 to 5. It consists of a rotationally symmetrical part, which forms the cylindrical peripheral surface 14, to which approximately perpendicular, opposite and mutually parallel cover surfaces 16 result.

[0037] For the sake of clarity, Fig. 3 that the entire part is mirror-symmetrical with respect to a central transverse axis 24 and a cylindrical transition surface 18 arranged there, and that the inlet surfaces 17 adjoining the central and inner transition surface 18 at the top are designated by the lower case letter a, while the mirror-symmetrical inlet surfaces 17 adjoining the central transition surface 18 below are designated by the lower case letter b.

[0038] All parts located above the central cylindrical transition surface 18 are therefore designated with the lower case letter a and all parts located below with the lower case letter b for better differentiation.

[0039] The washer 13 also forms a central through-hole 15 through which the spoke nipple 9 passes and in which the annular collar 30 of the spoke nipple 9 rests in a load-transmitting manner.

[0040] The Fig. 3 shows the same details after Fig. 2 in section, where it can be seen that starting from an outer toroidal core 19, a central through-hole 15 is now shown, which forms mirror-symmetrical inlet surfaces 17a, 17b with respect to the central transition surface 18.

[0041] Each inlet surface 17a, 17b has a contour 22a, 22b.

[0042] In the embodiment shown, the contours 22a, 22b are spherical, ie they form spherical surfaces or surfaces adapted to the spherical surfaces, because these surfaces are intended to correspond to the associated head radius contact surfaces of the spoke nipple 9 in terms of load transmission.

[0043] For the sake of completeness, it should be noted that the merging surfaces are separated from each other by chamfers.

[0044] For example, the upper inlet surface 17a forms a circumferential chamfered edge 20a, just as the oppositely arranged inlet surface 17b forms a circumferential chamfered edge 20b. The chamfers prevent acute-angled, fracture-prone peripheral edges.

[0045] Likewise, the central, cylindrical transition surface 18 also forms an inner chamfer 21a and an identical inner chamfer 21b opposite it.

[0046] It is not necessary for the solution that the central transition surface 18, which forms the plane of symmetry with respect to a transverse axis 24, is cylindrical. Other contours are also possible, as shown in the Fig. 5 is designated with transition contour 26.

[0047] In the example shown according to the Fig. 2 to 4, the transition contour 26 is straight. It thus forms a cylinder shell.

[0048] Instead of forming a cylinder jacket, conical inlet surfaces can also be formed, which run both upwards and downwards at a different angle into the likewise curved contours 22a, 22b, which form a different inlet angle.

[0049] The transition surface 18 can therefore be convex or concave. However, it can also have a protruding, reduced-radius annular collar in a central region, namely precisely in the region of the transverse axis 24, which is directed at an acute angle toward the central longitudinal axis 23.

[0050] Out of Fig. 3 shows that the contour of the washer 13 is rotationally symmetrical to the longitudinal axis 23.

[0051] This ensures that the installation position is irrelevant.

[0052] Because the upper cover surfaces 16a are formed exactly mirror-symmetrically to the lower cover surfaces 16b, the washer 13 can be Fig. 3 or in a position rotated by 180°.

[0053] In Fig. 4 are the same parts as in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 are provided with the same reference numerals.

[0054] Out of Fig. Further details can be found in Figure 5. There, it can be seen that the contours 22a, 22b are approximately curved and correspond to a radius that corresponds to the head radius contact surface 29 of the annular collar 30 of the spoke nipple 9.

[0055] It is also possible to design the head radius contact surface concave instead of convex. Accordingly, the load-transmitting contour 22a, 22b of the washer 13 would then also be adapted to this head radius contact surface 29 in a form-fitting and play-free manner.

[0056] The Fig. 6 shows some examples of the shape of this contour 22.

[0057] The contour 22c, 22d represents a conical contour which, however, is not encompassed by the invention and which consists of straight lines and consequently defines a conical inlet surface 17.

[0058] It is possible to form the contour 22e, 22f concave and to adapt it to an associated convex head radius contact surface 29 of the spoke nipple 9.

[0059] It is not shown in the drawing Fig. 6 shows that instead of the concave design of the contour 22e, 22f, convex contours are now also possible, which project in an arcuate or bulbous profile into the interior of the through hole 15.

[0060] Accordingly, the head radius contact surface 29 of the spoke nipple 9 is also adapted to this shape.

[0061] The Fig. 7 and Fig. 8 show two different installation examples, where it can be seen that due to the curvature of the head radius contact surface 29 of the spoke nipple 9, it is always ensured that a full-surface load-transmitting surface is available on the contour 22a, b, e, f, so that there is always a surface transfer of the load, which is absorbed by the washer 13 and transmitted via the base-side cover surface 16b on the rim base in the circumferential area of ​​the spoke hole 7.

[0062] The Fig. 6 shows some advantageous size ratios, where it can be seen that starting from a total diameter of the washer of, for example, in the range of 6 to 12 mm, there is now a relatively large-sized toroidal core 19 which has a large-sized supporting cross-section 28.

[0063] In this way, large-area cover surfaces are produced, which consequently also have favorable damping properties if the material for the washer 13 consists of a damping material, such as a plastic material, a sintered material or a carbon fiber material.

[0064] When the spoke 8 is relieved of pressure and the spoke nipple 9 lifts off the rim base 2 and springs back onto the rim base, high impact forces are transferred from the spoke nipple 9 to the washer 13.

[0065] If the toroidal core 19 is made of a shock-absorbing material, such impacts are absorbed favorably and do not lead to damage to the rim base.

[0066] The outer diameter of the washer 13 should be dimensioned so that the area surrounding the spoke hole 7 is covered as largely as possible in order to ensure a large-area load transfer.

[0067] In the dimension example according to Fig. 6, for example, indicates that the outer diameter is determined by the radius 32 together with the supporting cross-section 28.

[0068] The gradient of the contour 22 is defined by the distance 33, whereby this distance 33 depends on the shape and the head radius contact surfaces of the spoke nipple 9.

[0069] The transition surface 18, which forms the central area with mirror symmetry, then has a radius of 34.

[0070] Out of Fig. 7 and Fig. 8 shows that the spoke nipple 9 has a central bore 31, which is designed, for example, as an internal thread, into which a spoke 8 with an associated external thread is screwed.

[0071] The illustration also shows that, regardless of the inclination of the spoke nipple 9, a large contact surface of the head radius contact surface 29 of the spoke nipple 9 to the shaped contour 22a, b, e, f of the washer 13 is always ensured.

[0072] The Fig. 11 shows a modified embodiment, which, however, does not belong to the invention, with a spoke nipple 9 located exclusively in the rim base 2, the elongated parts of which do not extend through the spoke hole 7, but merely rest in a disc-like manner on the inside of the rim base 2 using the novel washer 13.

[0073] The spoke nipple 9 on the side of the rim base 2 is omitted and instead the spoke hole 7 is only penetrated by the spoke head and supported by the washer 13 according to the invention. Drawing legend 1 rim 2 rim base 3 rim cover 4 Recording room 5 Recording room 6 through hole 7 spoke holes 8 spokes 9 spoke nipples 10 threaded connection 11 Tool holder 12 tool holder 13 Washer 14 Circumferential surface 15 through hole 16 Cover area a, b 17 Inlet surface a, b 18 Transition surface 19 toroidal cores 20 Chamfer edge a, b 21 Inner bevel a, b 22 contour (of 17) af 23 Longitudinal axis 24 Transverse axis 25 outer bevel 26 Transition contour 27th edition 28 load-bearing cross-section 29 Head radius contact surface 30 ring bundle 31 center hole 32 radius 33 distance 34 radius 35 Contact surface (rim base 2)

Claims

[1] Wheel for two-wheelers with a hub and a rim (1), with a plurality of spoke holes (7) and a plurality of spoke systems for connecting the hub to the rim (1), wherein in each case a spoke nipple (9) is supported on the rim with a washer (13) in a load-transmitting manner, and the washer (13) consists of a ring profile which is rotationally symmetrical with respect to the longitudinal axis and which is mirror-symmetrical with respect to a central transverse axis (24) and forms an upper contoured run-in surface (17a) and a lower contoured run-in surface (17b) arranged mirror-symmetrically thereto with respect to the central transverse axis (24), wherein the contour (22a, b, e, f) of the run-in surfaces (17a, b) is adapted to the head radius contact surface (29) in the region of the spoke nipple (9), characterized by , that 1) the spoke holes (7) pass through the rim base (2) of the rim (1), 2) that the spoke nipples (9) are supported on the rim base (2) with the washer (13) in a load-transferring manner, 3) that the inlet surface (17a, b) of the washer (13) bears positively and with full-surface contact against the head radius contact surface (29) of the spoke nipple (9) so that a surface transfer of the load takes place, which is absorbed by the washer (13) and is transferred via the base-side cover surface (16b) on the rim base (2) in the circumferential area of ​​the spoke hole (7). [2] Impeller according to claim 1, characterized by that either the cover surface (16a, b) or the contour of the cover surface (16a, b) of the washer (13) is adapted in a form-fitting manner to the rim base (2) with the rim base-side contact surface (35) formed there. [3] Impeller according to claim 1 or 2, characterized bythat the washer (13) forms a toroidal core (19) with a central through-hole (15) through which the spoke nipple (9) passes, and has the mirror-symmetrical inlet surfaces (17a, b) with respect to a central transition surface (18). [4] Impeller according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized by that the inlet surfaces (17a, b) each form a spherical contour (22a, b). [5] Impeller according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized by that the inlet surface (17a, b) each form a circumferential chamfer edge (20a, b). [6] Impeller according to one of claims 3 to 5, characterized by that the central, cylindrical transition surface (18) forms two opposing inner chamfers (21a, b). [7] Impeller according to claim 3, characterized by that the transition surface (18) is convex. [8] Impeller according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized bythat the rim (1) consists of an upper rim cover (3) in which through holes (6) are arranged evenly distributed around the circumference, through each of which a storage nipple (9) is passed, and that in the space between the rim cover (3) and the rim arch (2) a hollow receiving space (4) is formed, in which the storage nipple (9) is connected to the storage (8) via a threaded connection (10).

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