DOOR DRIVE

Abstract

Drive (10) for a door, in particular a door closer, comprising a drive housing (12) that can be filled with a hydraulic medium, a piston (14) slidably guided in the drive housing (12) by which the drive housing (12) is divided into different housing chambers (16, 18), hydraulic channels (20, 22) through which the hydraulic medium can flow from one housing chamber to another, and at least one valve housing (26) that is variably adjustable relative to the drive housing (12), in which at least one valve (28, 30) associated with a hydraulic channel (20, 22) and serving to influence the drive behavior is arranged and over which the hydraulic channel (20, 22) containing the valve (28, 30) is guided, wherein the piston (14) slidably guided in the drive housing (12) divides the drive housing (12) into a pressure chamber (16) and a pressureless chamber (18) and is located in the adjustable valve housing. (26) at least one valve (28, 30) is arranged,via which the flow of the hydraulic medium from the pressure chamber (16) into the pressureless chamber (18) can be influenced, wherein at least two valves (28, 30) are arranged in the adjustable valve housing (26), via which the flow of the hydraulic medium from the pressure chamber (16) into the pressureless chamber (18) can each be influenced, wherein the valves (28, 30) can be activated differently depending on the respective position of the piston (14), characterized in that the hydraulic channels (20, 22) assigned to the valves (28, 30) arranged differently in the adjustable valve housing (26) comprise hydraulic channel sections (201 and 221) provided in the drive housing (12), which open into the interior of the drive housing (12) at different locations when viewed in the axial direction of the drive housing (12).

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to a drive for a door, in particular a door closer, comprising a drive housing that can be filled with a hydraulic medium, a piston slidably guided in the drive housing by which the drive housing is divided into different housing chambers, and hydraulic channels through which the hydraulic medium can flow from one housing chamber to another.

[0002] Door drives are generally known and can be designed as manual or automatic drives. A drive of this type typically comprises a housing in which a piston interacting with an output shaft is arranged. A linkage or a sliding arm can be rotationally fixed to the output shaft. The drive can optionally be arranged on a door leaf or on the frame. Accordingly, the linkage or sliding arm is supported on the frame or the leaf, thus establishing a connection between the pivoting movement of the leaf and the drive.

[0003] The housing, filled with a damping medium, particularly hydraulic fluid, often contains a spring unit. When the output shaft rotates during the opening of the door, the spring is compressed by the displacement of the working piston, acting as an energy storage device for the door's automatic closing. The piston divides the housing's interior into several chambers. Channels with associated regulating valves are located between these chambers to control the flow of damping medium between them, thus regulating the drive behavior. When the door opens, the hydraulic fluid is allowed to flow freely to ensure unimpeded door operation. As the door closes automatically, the spring unit, which was tensioned during opening, releases, returning the piston to its initial position, requiring the hydraulic fluid to flow again.The closing process can be slowed down by arranging hydraulic channels with valves, allowing for multiple phases of the closing process with varying closing speeds to ensure the door closes securely. Door operators can be mounted on the hinge side (the side of the door where the door leaf pivots in hinges) or on the opposite side (the side opposite the hinges).

[0004] In previously known actuators of the type mentioned above, the regulating valves for adjusting the closing speed are permanently screwed into the housing. The actuator or door closer is mounted in various positions in or on the door leaf or on the frame. However, the valves are often not directly visible or are difficult to access. To ensure that the valves remain accessible regardless of the different mounting methods, different designs of actuators or door closers have been required until now.

[0005] Door closers of the above-mentioned type are known, for example, from the publications DE 238 928 A, DE 27 21 974 A1, DE 10 2007 059 707 A1 and DE 10 2010 008 167 A1.

[0006] GB 889,154 relates to door closers in which the opening of the door causes the piston of a hydraulic cylinder to be mechanically actuated in one direction against a spring load, and working fluid is displaced from one side of the piston to the other through a check valve, wherein, as the open door is released, the spring load is activated to move the piston in the opposite direction, thereby actuating the associated mechanism in reverse to close the door, wherein this closing movement is controlled by two throttle valves regulating the return flow of the working fluid from the high-pressure side of the piston to the low-pressure side thereof, wherein one of these valves, hereinafter referred to as the ‘speed control valve’, operates only during the initial and greatest part of the closing movement of the door to ensure that it occurs at a suitably slow speed, and the other,hereinafter referred to as the "locking valve", operates only during the remaining part of the door's closing movement to reduce the effective throttling and thereby enable the piston, under the action of its spring load and through the associated mechanism, to complete the rest of the closing movement more quickly and to fully close or lock the door.

[0007] WO 2015 / 071963 A1 discloses a door closer that eliminates the need for a flow-regulating channel within a housing and can be adjusted to vary the closing speed of a door within a prescribed angle. The door closer body comprises a housing with a sealed chamber filled with hydraulic oil, an end cap attached to the housing, a piston positioned to reciprocate within the sealed chamber while biased by a preloading device, and a pivot shaft mounted within the housing. The end cap has an extended section that fits into a through-hole formed in the piston. A flow-regulating channel is formed within the extended section, which regulates the flow rate of the hydraulic oil via a speed-regulating valve.

[0008] US Patent 2,396,424 A relates to a spring-operated, hydraulically controlled door closer that has two different closing speeds. There is an initial controlled closing speed and a final controlled locking speed. The door closer also has a backstop that engages when the door is fully opened to prevent damage to the mechanism and disengages immediately when the door begins to close.

[0009] EP 0 407 150 B1 relates to a hydraulic control system for a floor hinge designed for a right-hand door, a left-hand door and a double-leaf door.

[0010] The invention is based on the objective of providing a drive of the type mentioned above in which the aforementioned disadvantages are eliminated and in which different speeds are enabled in the simplest possible way during different closing phases. In particular, it should be achieved that the valves are optimally accessible and visible in each case, regardless of the drive's design or mounting method.

[0011] The problem is solved according to the invention by a drive having the features of claim 1. Preferred embodiments of the drive according to the invention are described in the dependent claims, the present description and the drawing.

[0012] The present drive for a door, in particular a door closer, comprises a drive housing filled with a damping medium, a piston slidably guided in the drive housing by which the drive housing is divided into different housing chambers, and hydraulic channels through which the damping medium can flow from one housing chamber to another.Furthermore, the drive comprises at least one valve housing that is variably adjustable relative to the drive housing, in particular continuously adjustable, in which at least one valve assigned to a hydraulic channel and serving to influence the drive behavior is arranged and over which the hydraulic channel containing the valve is guided, wherein the piston, which is slidably guided in the drive housing, divides the drive housing into a pressure chamber and a pressureless chamber, and in the adjustable valve housing at least one valve is arranged, via which the flow of the hydraulic medium from the pressure chamber into the pressureless chamber can be influenced, wherein at least two valves are arranged in the adjustable valve housing, via which the flow of the hydraulic medium from the pressure chamber into the pressureless chamber can each be influenced, wherein the valves can be activated differently depending on the respective position of the piston.The hydraulic channels assigned to the various valves arranged in the adjustable valve housing can include hydraulic channel sections provided in the drive housing, which open into the interior of the drive housing at different points when viewed in the axial direction of the drive housing.

[0013] This design allows the actuator to have a uniform structure for all mounting types, while still ensuring optimal accessibility and visibility of the valve(s), regardless of the specific mounting method or orientation of the actuator. Depending on the actuator's mounting method, the valve housing can be rotated by hand or with a tool relative to the actuator housing, which is fixed to the door leaf or frame, into the desired position. The actuator can therefore be mounted from any side, for example, to a door leaf or frame, without requiring any modifications to its structure. Double-sided or dual valves are no longer necessary. With its uniform design, the actuator is suitable for all mounting types. Furthermore, different closing speeds can be easily set during various phases.

[0014] The valve housing is preferably arranged and adjustable relative to the actuator housing such that each valve located within the valve housing is freely accessible from the outside in different installation positions of the actuator. The respective valve can thus be adjusted or replaced from the outside, regardless of the actuator's installation position.

[0015] According to a preferred practical embodiment of the drive according to the invention, the adjustable valve housing comprises a head part containing the respective valve, which lies outside the drive housing in the assembled state, and a cylindrical extension extending into the drive housing through a corresponding opening in the drive housing in the assembled state.

[0016] The adjustable valve housing can be arranged, in particular, in the area of ​​one end face of the actuator housing. For example, such an adjustable valve housing can be provided on only one of the two end faces of the actuator housing. However, it is also conceivable to design the actuator in which an adjustable valve housing, each with at least one valve, is arranged on each of the two opposing end faces of the actuator housing.

[0017] The adjustable valve housing is rotatably mounted about the longitudinal axis of its cylindrical extension or the longitudinal axis of the actuator housing relative to the actuator housing. Advantageously, the adjustable valve housing is rotatable through 360 degrees about the longitudinal axis of its cylindrical extension or the longitudinal axis of the actuator housing relative to the actuator housing, so that the valve housing can be adjusted to any desired rotational position.

[0018] A preferred practical embodiment of the drive according to the invention is characterized in that each hydraulic channel associated with a respective valve arranged in the valve housing comprises a hydraulic channel section provided in the drive housing and a hydraulic channel section provided in the valve housing containing the respective valve, and each hydraulic channel section provided in the valve housing is connected to the hydraulic channel section provided in the drive housing via a circumferential groove, in particular a circumferential groove, on the outer circumference of the cylindrical extension of the valve housing.

[0019] To seal the interior of the actuator housing from the outside and to seal the transition area between the hydraulic channel sections provided in the valve housing and the actuator housing, ring seals are expediently provided between the outer circumference of the cylindrical extension of the valve housing and the inner circumference of the actuator housing. These ring seals can, for example, be provided in circumferential grooves of the cylindrical extension of the valve housing.

[0020] The adjustable valve housing can, for example, be axially fixed relative to the drive housing by at least one retaining ring, in particular arranged between the cylindrical extension of the valve housing and the inner circumference of the drive housing.

[0021] Preferably, at least one valve provided in the adjustable valve housing is designed as an adjustable regulating valve. Integrating such a regulating valve into the adjustable valve housing ensures that the regulating valve can always be conveniently adjusted from the outside, regardless of the specific mounting method of the actuator.

[0022] Advantageously, at least two valves arranged in the adjustable valve housing can be controlled depending on the respective position of the piston, such that they can be activated and / or deactivated sequentially when the piston is moving in the closing direction. By adjusting the valves accordingly, the closing speed can thus be influenced differently in various phases.

[0023] In this arrangement, each valve arranged in the adjustable valve housing can be activated or deactivated depending on the respective position of the piston, in particular by releasing or blocking the hydraulic channel section opening into the interior of the drive housing by the piston.

[0024] The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to an exemplary embodiment and the drawing; in this drawing: Fig. 1 a schematic cutaway partial representation of an exemplary embodiment of a drive according to the invention, wherein the section is made through a first valve arranged in the valve housing, Fig. 2 a schematic cutaway partial representation of the drive according to Fig. 1, wherein the cut is made through another valve arranged in the valve housing, Fig. 3 a schematic partial representation of the drive according to Fig. 1, wherein the valve housing is removed from the drive housing, and Fig. 4 three schematic perspective partial representations of the drive according to Fig. 1, in which the valve housing takes on different positions.

[0025] The Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3 to Fig. Figure 4 shows an exemplary embodiment of a drive 10 according to the invention for a door, in particular a door closer.

[0026] The drive 10 comprises a drive housing 12 filled with a damping medium, for example a hydraulic fluid, a piston 14 slidably guided in the drive housing 12 by which the drive housing 12 is divided into different housing chambers 16, 18, and hydraulic channels 20, 22 through which the damping medium can flow from one housing chamber to another. The drive is connected to an output shaft 24 (see in particular Fig. 4) The cooperating piston 14 can be acted upon in the closing direction by a (not shown) spring unit.

[0027] Furthermore, the drive 10 comprises at least one valve housing 26 which is variably adjustable relative to the drive housing 12, in which at least one valve 28, 30, which is assigned to a hydraulic channel 20, 22 and serves to influence the drive behavior, is arranged and over which the hydraulic channel 20, 22 containing the valve 28, 30 is guided.

[0028] In the present case, only one valve housing 26 is provided, in which two valves 28, 30 are arranged. However, a configuration of the actuator is also conceivable in which more than one, and for example two, valve housings are arranged on opposite sides of the actuator housing. Furthermore, each valve housing can contain either only one valve or more than two valves.

[0029] The valve housing 26 of the drive 10 is arranged and adjustable relative to the drive housing 12 such that each valve 28, 30 arranged in the valve housing 26 is freely accessible from the outside in different installation positions of the drive 10.

[0030] The adjustable valve housing 26 comprises a head section 32, which lies outside the drive housing 12 in the assembled state and contains the valves 28, 30, as well as a cylindrical extension 36 which, in the assembled state, extends through a corresponding opening 34 of the drive housing 12 into the drive housing 12.

[0031] As shown, the adjustable valve housing 26 can be arranged in particular in the area of ​​an end face of the drive housing 12, wherein it can be rotatably mounted about the longitudinal axis of its cylindrical extension 36 or the longitudinal axis of the drive housing 12 relative to the drive housing 12.

[0032] In the present case, the adjustable valve housing 12 is rotatable by 360 degrees about the longitudinal axis of its cylindrical extension 36 or the longitudinal axis of the drive housing 12 relative to the drive housing 12.

[0033] As particularly evident from the Fig. 1 and Fig. As can be seen in Figure 2, each hydraulic channel 20, 22 associated with a respective valve 28, 30 arranged in the valve housing 26 comprises a hydraulic channel section 201 or 221 provided in the drive housing 12 and a hydraulic channel section 202 or 222 provided in the valve housing 26 containing the respective valve 28, 30. As also shown, each hydraulic channel section 202, 222 provided in the valve housing 26 can be connected to the hydraulic channel section 201, 221 provided in the drive housing 12 via a groove 38 or 40, in particular a circumferential groove, on the outer circumference of the cylindrical extension 36 of the valve housing 26. The circumferential groove 38 is assigned to the hydraulic channel section 202, which contains the valve 28, provided in the valve housing 26, and the circumferential groove 40 is assigned to the hydraulic channel section 222, which contains the valve 30, provided in the valve housing 26.

[0034] As again based on the Fig. 1 and Fig. As can be seen in Figure 2, ring seals 42 can be provided to seal the interior of the drive housing 12 to the outside and to seal the connection between the hydraulic channel sections 201, 202 and 221, 222 provided in the drive housing 12 and in the valve housing 26 between the outer circumference of the cylindrical extension 36 of the valve housing 26 and the inner circumference of the drive housing 12.

[0035] The adjustable valve housing 26 can, for example, be axially fixed relative to the drive housing 12 by at least one retaining ring 44 arranged in particular between the cylindrical extension 36 of the valve housing 26 and the inner circumference of the drive housing 12.

[0036] The valves 28, 30 provided in the adjustable valve housing 26 can, for example, be designed as adjustable regulating valves.

[0037] As particularly evident from the Fig. 1 and Fig. As can be seen in Figure 2, the piston 14, which is slidably guided in the drive housing 12, can divide the drive housing 12 into a pressure chamber 16 and a pressureless chamber 18. During each closing operation, the piston 14 is moved towards the pressure chamber 16. The piston 14 can be actuated in the closing direction by a spring unit (not shown). Such a spring unit can, for example, be arranged in the pressureless chamber 18.

[0038] In the present case, the flow of the hydraulic medium from the pressure chamber 16 into the pressureless chamber 18 can be controlled via the valves 28, 30 arranged in the valve housing 26. These valves 28, 30, arranged in the adjustable valve housing 26, can be activated differently depending on the respective position of the piston 14.

[0039] In the present case, the two valves 28, 30 arranged in the adjustable valve housing 26 can be controlled depending on the respective position of the piston 14 in such a way that they can be activated and / or deactivated one after the other when the piston 14 is moved in the closing direction.

[0040] As particularly evident from the Fig. 1 and Fig. As can be seen in Figure 2, the hydraulic channels 20, 22 assigned to the various valves 28, 30 arranged in the adjustable valve housing 26 can include hydraulic channel sections 201 and 221 in the drive housing 12, respectively, which open into the interior of the drive housing 12 at different points when viewed in the axial direction of the drive housing 12.

[0041] Accordingly, in the present case, each valve 28, 30 arranged in the adjustable valve housing 12 can be activated or deactivated depending on the respective position of the piston 14 by releasing or blocking the hydraulic channel section 201 or 221 which opens into the interior of the drive housing 12 by the piston 14.

[0042] The drive housing 12 of the drive 10, which is designed, for example, as a door closer, can be filled with a hydraulic fluid such as oil. The valves 28, 30 arranged in the adjustable valve housing 26 can be assigned to different opening angles of the associated door or different piston strokes. This is shown in the illustration. Fig. 2 For example, valve 30 is deactivated because the hydraulic channel section 221, which opens into the interior of the drive housing 12 or into its pressureless chamber 18, is blocked by the piston 14, and the hydraulic medium cannot flow into the pressureless chamber 18. In contrast, the figure shows Fig. 1. Valve 28 is activated because the hydraulic channel section 201, which opens into the interior of the drive housing 12 or into its pressureless chamber 18, is opened by the piston 14, allowing hydraulic fluid displaced from the pressure chamber 16 via the piston 14 to flow into the pressureless chamber 18. In this case, the pressure fluid flows into the valve housing 26 and into the valve 28, from where it flows via the circumferential groove 38 or indentation into the hydraulic channel section 201 in the drive housing 12 and from there into the pressureless chamber 68. The path of the damping medium, which can be, for example, a hydraulic fluid, remains unchanged regardless of the respective rotational position of the valve housing 26.

[0043] The actuator 10, designed for example as a door closer, can thus be mounted in any position so that the valves 28 and 30 are always optimally accessible and visible from the outside. Double-sided or dual valves are no longer required. The actuator 10 can be designed uniformly for all mounting types.

[0044] Fig. Figure 1 shows the actuator 10 in a schematic cutaway partial view, the section passing through the valve 28 arranged in the valve housing 26. In contrast, Figure 2 shows... Fig. 2 the drive 10 in a schematic cutaway partial view, in which the section is led through the further valve 30 arranged in the valve housing 26.

[0045] Fig. Figure 3 shows the drive 10 in a schematic partial representation, in which the valve housing 26 has been removed from the drive housing 12.

[0046] Fig.Figure 4 shows three schematic perspective partial representations of the drive 10, in which the valve housing 36 takes on different positions. Reference symbol list 10 Drive 12 drive housings 14 pistons 16 Housing chamber, pressure chamber 18 Housing chamber, pressureless space 20 hydraulic channels 201 Hydraulic channel section provided in the drive housing 202 Hydraulic channel section provided in the valve housing 22 Hydraulic channel 221 Hydraulic channel section provided in the drive housing 222 Hydraulic channel section provided in the valve housing 24 Output shaft 26 Valve housings 28 valve 30 valve 32 Headboard 34 Opening 36 cylindrical attachment 38 circumferential groove 40 circumferential groove 42 ring seals 44 retaining ring

Claims

[1] Drive (10) for a door, in particular a door closer, comprising a drive housing (12) that can be filled with a hydraulic medium, a piston (14) slidably guided in the drive housing (12) by which the drive housing (12) is divided into different housing chambers (16, 18), hydraulic channels (20, 22) through which the hydraulic medium can flow from one housing chamber to another, and at least one valve housing (26) that is variably adjustable relative to the drive housing (12), in which at least one valve (28, 30) associated with a hydraulic channel (20, 22) and serving to influence the drive behavior is arranged and over which the hydraulic channel (20, 22) containing the valve (28, 30) is guided, wherein the piston (14) slidably guided in the drive housing (12) divides the drive housing (12) into a pressure chamber (16) and a pressureless chamber (18) and in which the adjustable Valve housing (26) at least one valve (28, 30) is arranged,via which the flow of the hydraulic medium from the pressure chamber (16) into the pressureless chamber (18) can be influenced, wherein at least two valves (28, 30) are arranged in the adjustable valve housing (26), via which the flow of the hydraulic medium from the pressure chamber (16) into the pressureless chamber (18) can each be influenced, wherein the valves (28, 30) can be activated differently depending on the respective position of the piston (14), . characterized by , that the hydraulic channels (20, 22) assigned to the valves (28, 30) arranged differently in the adjustable valve housing (26) comprise hydraulic channel sections (201 and 221) provided in the drive housing (12) which open into the interior of the drive housing (12) at different points when viewed in the axial direction of the drive housing (12). [2] Drive according to claim 1, characterized by, that the valve housing (26) is arranged and adjustable relative to the drive housing (12) such that each valve (28, 30) arranged in the valve housing (26) is freely accessible from the outside in different installation positions of the drive (10). [3] Drive according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by , that the adjustable valve housing (26) is arranged in the area of ​​an end face of the drive housing (12). [4] Drive according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized by , that the adjustable valve housing (26) comprises a head part (32) containing the respective valve (28, 30) which lies outside the drive housing (12) in the assembled state and a cylindrical extension (36) which extends into the drive housing (12) through a corresponding opening (34) of the drive housing (12) in the assembled state. [5] Drive according to claim 4, characterized by, that the adjustable valve housing (26) is rotatably mounted about the longitudinal axis of its cylindrical extension (36) or the longitudinal axis of the drive housing (12) relative to the drive housing (12). [6] Drive according to claim 5, characterized by , that the adjustable valve housing (12) is rotatable by 360° about the longitudinal axis of its cylindrical extension (36) or the longitudinal axis of the drive housing (12) relative to the drive housing (12). [7] Drive according to at least one of claims 4 to 6, characterized by, that each hydraulic channel (20, 22) associated with a respective valve (28, 30) arranged in the valve housing (26) comprises a hydraulic channel section (201 or 222) provided in the drive housing (12) and a hydraulic channel section (202 or 222) provided in the valve housing (26) containing the respective valve (28, 30), and each hydraulic channel section (202, 222) provided in the valve housing (26) is connected to the hydraulic channel opening (201, 221) provided in the drive housing (12) via a circumferential groove (38 or 40) on the outer circumference of the cylindrical extension (36) of the valve housing (26). [8] Drive according to claim 7, characterized by, that ring seals (42) are provided to seal the interior of the drive housing (12) to the outside and to seal the connection between the hydraulic channel sections (201, 202 and 221, 222) provided in the drive housing (12) and in the valve housing (26) between the outer circumference of the cylindrical extension (36) of the valve housing (26) and the inner circumference of the drive housing (12). [9] Drive according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized by , that the adjustable valve housing (26) can be axially fixed relative to the drive housing (12) by at least one retaining ring (44) arranged in particular between the cylindrical extension (36) of the valve housing (26) and the inner circumference of the drive housing (12). [10] Drive according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized by , that at least one valve (28, 30) provided in the adjustable valve housing (26) is designed as a particularly adjustable regulating valve. [11] Drive according to claim one of the preceding claims, characterized by , that at least two valves (28, 30) arranged in the adjustable valve housing (26) can be controlled depending on the respective position of the piston (14) in such a way that they can be activated and / or deactivated one after the other when the piston (14) is moved in the closing direction. [12] Drive according to any of the preceding claims, characterized by , that each valve (28, 30) arranged in the adjustable valve housing (26) can be activated or deactivated depending on the respective position of the piston (14) by the piston (14) opening or closing the hydraulic channel section (201 or 221) which opens into the interior of the drive housing (12).

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