Drive for a door or window sash

Abstract

Drive (10) for the sash of a door, window or the like, comprising a housing (12), at least one piston (14, 16) slidably mounted in the housing (12) and acted upon by a spring unit (24, 26), and an output shaft (18) rotatably mounted in the housing (12), which interacts with the piston (14, 16) to form a damped opening or closing action and a free movement of the sash, wherein the piston is designed as a damping piston (14, 16) provided with a toothing (20, 22), and the output shaft (18) is equipped with at least one bearing extending only over a part of its outer circumference, for tensioning the spring unit (24, 26) and for the subsequent opening or closing action.The closing mechanism is provided with a counter-toothed section (28, 30) meshing with the teeth (20, 22) of the damping piston (14, 16) and a freewheel section (32) extending along a portion of its outer circumference adjacent to this counter-toothed section (28, 30) for decoupling the output shaft (18) from the damping piston (14, 16), characterized in that the drive (10) comprises two pistons (14, 16) each designed as a damping piston with teeth (20, 22) and the output shaft (18) is provided with two counter-toothed sections (28, 30) each extending only over a portion of its outer circumference, wherein the output shaft (18) is provided with one of its two counter-toothed sections (28) for an opening mechanism with the teeth (20, 22) of one of the two damping pistons (14) and with its other counter-gear section (30) for a closing inlet with the toothing (20, 22) of the other damping piston (16).

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a drive for the leaf of a door, a window or the like, comprising a housing, at least one piston displaceably mounted in the housing and acted upon by a spring unit, and an output shaft rotatably mounted in the housing.

[0002] The previously known drives of the type mentioned above include, in particular, hydraulic drives, such as door closers with a working piston slidably guided in a housing, actuated in the closing direction by a spring unit, and interacting with an output shaft. The output shaft is usually permanently coupled to the spring-loaded piston, preventing the leaf from moving freely.

[0003] DE 10 2013 210 516 B3 describes a retraction device for a leaf of a door or window, comprising a housing, a piston arranged in a receiving space of the housing and loaded with a spring, and a shaft mounted in the housing, which cooperates with the piston. An actuating arm for the leaf is arranged on the shaft in a rotationally fixed manner. The piston is formed in two parts with a spring piston and a damping piston, wherein the spring piston and the damping piston each have mutually directed extensions which cooperate with at least one of the two drivers arranged on the shaft.

[0004] DE 201 11 966 U1 discloses a drive for a door leaf in a housing, which comprises a piston (14, 16) displaceably mounted in the housing (12) and acted upon by a spring unit. The piston has a toothed arrangement.

[0005] DE 26 38 320 A1 teaches a device for damping machine parts and sliding gates. The device comprises two cylinders and can be connected to the machine part to be damped by means of a cable wound on a drum.

[0006] DE 100 01 950 A1 discloses a narrow door closer. The door closer comprises a closer shaft and two spring-loaded pistons on opposite sides of the closer shaft. The pistons are arranged at a different height. A piston and the shaft can interact via gears or cams.

[0007] However, there is also a need for freely movable leaves, especially door leaves. When closing doors without a door closer, the problem often arises that the door does not close properly and remains open, which can cause drafts in the room in question. If the door is closed with too much force, it hits the door frame hard, which can damage components such as a door lock or the like. In addition, doors without a door closer usually do not remain in the desired position after being opened. For example, a slightly slanted installation or a draft can move the door leaf out of the desired position. If the door is slammed open too hard, this can again cause damage.

[0008] The invention is based on the object of providing a drive of the type mentioned above that allows free movement of the sash over a specific opening angle range while avoiding the aforementioned disadvantages. In particular, controlled opening and / or closing of the sash should be ensured while maintaining the simplest and most cost-effective design possible.

[0009] The object is achieved according to the invention by a drive having the features of claim 1. Preferred embodiments of the drive according to the invention emerge from the subclaims, the present description and the drawing.

[0010] The drive according to the invention for the leaf of a door, a window or the like comprises a housing, at least one piston which is displaceably mounted in the housing and acted upon by the spring unit, and an output shaft which is rotatably mounted in the housing and which cooperates with the piston to form a damped opening or closing retraction and a freewheeling of the leaf, in that the piston is designed as a damping piston provided with a toothing and the output shaft is provided with at least one counter-toothing section which extends only over part of its outer circumference and meshes with the toothing of the damping piston for tensioning the spring unit and for the subsequent opening or closing retraction, and a freewheeling section which extends along a part of its outer circumference adjacent to this counter-toothing section for decoupling the output shaft from the damping piston.

[0011] Due to this design, the relevant leaf can now be moved freely over a specific opening angle range, while at the same time a controlled opening and / or controlled closing of the leaf is ensured. The drive assigned to a door, for example, can be designed as an overhead door closer, integrated door closer or floor spring. In particular with an overhead door closer, the connection between the frame and leaf can be made via a sliding arm or a linkage. If the drive in the simplest case only comprises a single damping piston, then in addition to the freewheel either a damped closing movement or a damped opening movement can be provided. If the drive is equipped with at least two damping pistons, then a damped closing movement can be achieved via one damping piston and a damped opening movement via the other damping piston.

[0012] The sash can be freely moved over a wide range, as if no drive were provided. In the area close to the closed position of the sash, the sash is actively retracted into this closed position. The retraction movement is additionally dampened to prevent the sash from slamming shut. Alternatively or additionally, a position for the open position of the sash can be provided, whereby the sash is actively pulled into the desired open position near this open position. This opening retraction is also dampened. The respective retraction device comprises a spring unit as an energy store, which retracts the sash near the closed position or opens it near the open position. To enable free movement of the sash, a freewheel device is provided which comprises the freewheel section extending over part of the outer circumference of the output shaft for decoupling the output shaft from the damping piston.

[0013] Each damping piston can define a damping chamber in the housing, being loaded by the associated spring unit in the direction of this damping chamber. A valve device associated with the respective damping piston and / or one or more overflow channels in the housing with associated valves can dampen a respective movement of the damping piston in the direction of the damping chamber, while the damping piston is at least substantially freely movable in the opposite direction to tension the associated spring unit. The damping for the opening and closing retractions can be individually adjustable, in particular.

[0014] Due to the inventive design of the drive, damage to a door leaf or the surrounding area caused by excessive opening or closing is thus avoided. Furthermore, noise pollution is eliminated. The leaf in question simply needs to be pushed, and it then closes automatically, similar to a kitchen drawer or cupboard door. This results in greater comfort. By securely closing the door in question, drafts are also eliminated. A doorstop is no longer required for safe opening or keeping it open. The door in question can, for example, be held securely open in a ventilation position.

[0015] The drive according to the invention is characterized in that the drive comprises two pistons each designed as a toothed damping piston, and the output shaft is provided with two counter-toothed sections, each extending only over part of its outer circumference. The output shaft interacts with one of its two counter-toothed sections for an opening retraction with the toothing of one of the two damping pistons, and with its other counter-toothed section for a closing retraction with the toothing of the other damping piston. Thus, with one and the same drive, in addition to the freewheel, both a damped opening retraction and a damped closing retraction are achieved, and thus both a controlled opening and a controlled closing of the respective leaf.

[0016] The output shaft is preferably provided with a freewheel section provided between the two counter-toothing sections, via which the output shaft can be decoupled from both the one and the other of the two damping pistons.

[0017] According to an advantageous practical embodiment of the drive according to the invention, a respective damping piston is provided with an external toothing that interacts with a counter-toothing section of the output shaft.

[0018] In this case, a respective damping piston is preferably designed as a hollow piston open on one side, on the bottom of which, opposite the open end face, a spring unit extending through the open end face into the damping piston is supported at one end.

[0019] The other end of the spring unit can be supported, for example, on an end wall of the housing, a front-end housing closure, or the like. In this case, the spring unit preferably comprises a compression spring.

[0020] According to an expedient practical embodiment of the drive according to the invention, each damping piston is assigned its own spring unit.

[0021] According to an alternative advantageous embodiment, the drive comprises two damping pistons, each designed as a hollow piston open on one side, to which a common spring unit is assigned, which extends through the opposite open end faces of the damping pistons to their respective bottoms and is supported with its two ends on the inside on the bottoms of the two damping pistons.

[0022] In this case, the common spring unit assigned to the two damping pistons comprises a tension spring.

[0023] According to a further expedient practical embodiment of the drive according to the invention, a respective damping piston is designed as a hollow piston with an internal toothing which interacts with a counter-toothing section of the output shaft.

[0024] In this case, too, the drive can advantageously be provided with two damping pistons. However, in this case, the drive preferably comprises two damping pistons, each designed as a hollow piston with internal toothing, open on one side. Their open end faces are opposite each other, and in the area of ​​the output shaft, whose mating toothing sections interact with the internal toothings of the two damping pistons, is arranged.

[0025] Preferably, each of the two damping pistons is assigned its own spring unit. According to a suitable practical embodiment of the drive according to the invention, the spring unit assigned to a respective damping piston rests at one end on the outside of the base of the damping piston opposite the open end face, and at the other end on an end wall of the housing, a front-end housing closure, or the like.

[0026] In the present case, the spring unit assigned to a respective damping piston preferably comprises a compression spring.

[0027] The invention is explained in more detail below using exemplary embodiments with reference to the drawing, in which: Fig. 1 a schematic perspective view of an exemplary embodiment of a drive according to the invention with two externally toothed damping pistons, Fig. 2a) to 2f) are schematic, partially sectioned views of an exemplary embodiment of a drive according to the invention with two externally toothed damping pistons, each of which is assigned its own spring unit, wherein the drive is shown in different phases corresponding to different opening angles of the wing, Fig. 3a) to 3f) are schematic, partially sectioned views of an exemplary embodiment of a drive according to the invention with two externally toothed damping pistons, to which a common spring unit is assigned, wherein the drive is again shown in different phases corresponding to different opening angles of the wing, Fig. 4 a schematic, perspective view of an exemplary embodiment of a drive according to the invention with two internally toothed damping pistons, and Fig. 5a) to 5f) schematic, partially sectioned representations of an exemplary embodiment of a drive according to the invention with two internally toothed damping pistons, each of which is assigned its own spring unit, wherein the drive is again shown in different phases corresponding to different opening angles of the wing.

[0028] The Fig. 1 to 5 show various exemplary embodiments of a drive 10 according to the invention for the leaf of a door, a window or the like.

[0029] The drive 10 comprises a housing 12, at least one piston 14, 16 which is displaceably mounted in the housing 12 and acted upon by a spring unit 24, 26, and an output shaft 18 which is rotatably mounted in the housing 12 and which cooperates with the piston 14, 16 to form a damped opening or closing retraction and a freewheeling of the wing, in that the piston is designed as a damping piston 14, 16 provided with a toothing 20, 22 and the output shaft 18 is provided with at least one counter-toothing section 28, 30 which extends only over a part of its outer circumference and meshes with the toothing 20, 22 of the damping piston 14, 16 for tensioning the spring unit 24, 26 and for the subsequent opening or closing retraction, and a counter-toothing section 28, 30 which extends along a counter-toothing section 28, 30 adjacent part of its outer circumference is provided for decoupling the output shaft 18 from the displacement piston 14, 16.

[0030] In the present embodiments according to the Fig. 1 to 5, the respective drive 10 comprises two pistons 14, 16, each designed as a damping piston provided with a toothing 20, 22, wherein the output shaft 18 is provided with two counter-toothing sections 28, 30 each extending only over a part of its outer circumference and the output shaft 18 cooperates with one of its two counter-toothing sections 28 for an opening retraction with the toothing 20, 22 of one of the two damping pistons 14 and with its other counter-toothing section 30 for a closing retraction with the toothing 20, 22 of the other damping piston 16.

[0031] In the Fig. In the exemplary embodiments of the drive 10 shown in Figures 1 to 5, both a damped closing retraction and a damped opening retraction are implemented in addition to the freewheel. In embodiments with only one damping piston, which are also possible in principle (not shown), either a damped closing retraction or a damped opening retraction would be possible in addition to the freewheel.

[0032] The housing 12 can be filled with a hydraulic fluid. A respective damping piston 14, 16 is sealed in the housing 12, as shown in Fig. 2a) indicated by the sealing area 34.

[0033] In the Fig. In the embodiments illustrated in Figures 1 to 5, the sash is closed in a damped manner via the locking mechanism over an opening angle range of 0° to 30°, for example, while it is in free-running mode in an opening angle range of, for example, 30° to 60°. In an opening angle range of, for example, 60° to 100°, the sash is opened in a damped manner. However, the respective operating angles and opening angle ranges are purely exemplary. Any other operating angles and opening angle ranges are also conceivable.

[0034] For all in the Fig. In the embodiments shown in Figures 1 to 5, the output shaft is provided with a freewheel section 32 provided between the two counter-toothed sections 28, 30 to implement the freewheel, via which freewheel section the output shaft 18 can be decoupled from both the one and the other of the two damping pistons 14, 16.

[0035] The Fig. 1 to 3 show two exemplary embodiments in which the drive 10 is each provided with two externally toothed damping pistons 14, 16. The damping piston 14 has an external toothing 20 that interacts with a counter-toothing section 28 of the output shaft 18, and the damping piston 16 has an external toothing 20 that interacts with a counter-toothing section 30 of the output shaft 18.

[0036] In the embodiment according to the Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, each damping piston 14, 16 is assigned its own spring unit 24. Each damping piston 14, 16 is designed as a hollow piston open on one side, on the bottom of which, opposite the open end face, a spring unit 24, 26 extending through the open end face into the damping piston 14, 16 is supported at one end. The other end of the spring unit 24 is supported on an end wall of the housing 12, a front-end housing closure, or the like. The spring unit 24 comprises a compression spring. The damping piston 14 provided for the damped opening retraction, hereinafter referred to as the opening damping piston 14, and the damping piston 16 serving for the closing retraction, hereinafter referred to as the closing damping piston 16, are each loaded by the spring unit 24 assigned to them in the direction of a damping chamber 36 located between the damping pistons 14, 16.

[0037] The Fig. 2a) shows the drive 10 with the leaf closed. With the associated spring unit 24 tensioned, the opening damping piston 14 assumes its right-hand end position adjacent to the relevant end face of the housing 12, in which position it is held by the freewheel section 32 of the output shaft 18. In contrast, with the associated spring unit 24 relatively relaxed, the closing damping piston 16 assumes its right-hand starting position spaced from the relevant end face of the housing 12, with its external toothing 20 engaging the counter-toothing section 30 of the output shaft 18.

[0038] In the Fig. 2b) the wing is already opened to an opening angle of, for example, 25°, whereby the closing damping piston 16 has been displaced slightly to the left by the corresponding rotation of the output shaft 18 in the counterclockwise direction against the force of the associated spring unit 24.

[0039] In the representation according to Fig. 2c), the closing damping piston 16 assumes its left end position with the associated spring 24 tensioned, after the leaf has been further opened, for example, to an opening angle of 30°. During this phase, the closing damping piston 16 runs onto the freewheel section 32 of the output shaft 18 due to its correspondingly further rotation, so that freewheeling begins after the opening damping piston 14 is still engaged with this freewheel section 32.

[0040] Fig. 2d) shows the drive 10 at the end of the freewheeling operation, after the wing has been opened to an opening angle of, for example, 60°. As soon as the wing is now pushed or opened slightly further, the opening damping piston 14 with its external toothing 20 engages with the counter toothing section 28 of the output shaft 18, so that the wing is pulled up by the opening damping piston 14, which is acted upon by the relaxing spring unit 24. In this illustration, the wing is shown in accordance with the Fig. 2e) is already wound up to an opening angle of, for example, 65°. The closing damping piston 16 continues to be held in its left end position by the freewheel section 32 of the output shaft 18 when the associated spring unit 24 is tensioned.

[0041] Fig. 2f) shows the drive 10 with the leaf pulled into its final open position of, for example, 100°. The opening damping piston 14, whose external toothing 20 engages the counter-toothing section 28 of the output shaft 18, assumes its left-hand starting position when the associated spring unit 24 is at least substantially relaxed. The closing damping piston 16 continues to be held in its left-hand end position by the freewheel section 32 of the output shaft 18 when the associated spring unit 24 is tensioned.

[0042] In the closing direction of the sash, the process is reversed. Starting from the retracted open position of the sash, in which the sash is held by the force of the spring unit 24 acting on the opening damping piston 14, the sash is moved in the closing direction. The output shaft 18 is rotated clockwise, whereby the opening damping piston 14 is displaced to the right again via the counter-toothed section 28 of the output shaft 18, which meshes with its external toothing 20, against the force of the associated spring unit 24, whereby the spring unit 24 is tensioned again (cf. Fig. 2f) and Fig. 2e)).

[0043] If the sash is closed further, for example, up to an opening angle of 60°, the free-running range is reached again, in which the sash can move freely (see. Fig. 2d)).

[0044] The end of this free-running range is reached as soon as the sash is closed further to an opening angle of, for example, 30° (cf. Fig. 2c)). As soon as the wing is slightly pushed in the closing direction or closed further, the counter-toothing section 30 of the output shaft 18, which is rotated further in a clockwise direction, engages with the external toothing of the closing damping piston 16, whereupon the wing is drawn up via the closing damping piston 16, which is then released from its left end position (cf. Fig. 2c)) into its right starting position (cf. Fig. 2a)). Just as the wing is held in the final open position by the spring unit 14 associated with the opening damping piston 14, the wing is now held in the closed position by the spring unit 24 associated with the closing damping piston 16.

[0045] As mentioned at the beginning, both the opening and closing movements are damped. The opening and closing damping can be adjusted separately.

[0046] Fig. 3 shows an exemplary alternative embodiment of the drive 10 according to the invention with two externally toothed damping pistons 14, 16, which differs from the embodiment according to Fig. 2 essentially in that a common spring unit 26 is assigned to the two damping pistons 14, 16. The two damping pistons 14, 16 are again designed as hollow pistons open on one side, although in this case they face each other with their open end faces. The spring unit 26, which extends through the opposing open end faces of the damping pistons 14, 16 to their respective bottoms, rests with its two ends on the inside of the bottoms of the two damping pistons 14, 16.

[0047] The Fig. Figure 3 shows the drive again in different phases corresponding to different opening angles of the wing. While in the embodiment according to Fig. 2 separate compression springs 24 were assigned to the two damping pistons 14, 16, the function of these two spring units 24 is assumed in the present case by the common spring unit 26 in the form of a tension spring assigned to the two damping pistons 14, 16. Furthermore, the embodiment according to Fig. 3 again the same function as the Fig. 2, so that reference is made to the previous description.

[0048] The Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 show an exemplary embodiment of a drive 10 according to the invention with two damping pistons 14, 16, each designed as a hollow piston with internal toothing 22, open on one side, whose open end faces are opposite one another and in whose area the output shaft 18 is arranged, which interacts with its counter toothing sections 28, 30 with the internal toothings 22 of the two damping pistons 14, 16.

[0049] In the present case, the two damping pistons 14, 16 are each assigned their own spring unit 24.

[0050] The spring unit 24 assigned to each damping piston 14, 16 rests at one end on the outside of the base of the damping piston 14, 16, which is opposite the open end face, and at the other end on an end wall of the housing 12, a housing end face, or the like. In this case, the spring unit 24 assigned to each damping piston 14, 16 again comprises a compression spring.

[0051] Fig. 5 shows the drive 10 again in different phases corresponding to different opening angles of the wing, whereby the Fig. 5a) to 5f) again correspond to the phases shown in the Fig. 2a) to 2f). The damping piston 14 again assumes the function of the opening damping piston, while the damping piston 16 again assumes the function of the closing damping piston. Apart from the fact that the direction of rotation of the output shaft 18 is the same as in the embodiment according to Fig. 2 is opposite, the function of the drive is according to the Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 in principle the same as the execution according to the Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, so that in this respect we must again refer to the description of the Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 illustrated embodiment. List of reference symbols 10 Drive 12 housings 14 opening damping pistons 16 closing damping pistons 18 Output shaft 20 external gearing 22 internal gearing 24 spring unit 26 common spring unit 28 Counter toothing section serving for opening retraction 30 Counter toothing section serving for the closing retraction 32 freewheel section 34 Sealing area 36 Damping chamber

Claims

[1] Drive (10) for the leaf of a door, a window or the like, with a housing (12), at least one piston (14, 16) which is displaceably mounted in the housing (12) and acted upon by a spring unit (24, 26), and an output shaft (18) which is rotatably mounted in the housing (12) and which cooperates with the piston (14, 16) to form a damped opening or closing retraction and a freewheeling of the leaf, in that the piston is designed as a damping piston (14, 16) provided with a toothing (20, 22) and the output shaft (18) is provided with at least one extending only over part of its outer circumference, for tensioning the spring unit (24, 26) and for the subsequent opening or closing.Closing retractor is provided with a counter-toothing section (28, 30) meshing with the toothing (20, 22) of the damping piston (14, 16) and a freewheel section (32) extending along a part of its outer circumference adjacent to this counter-toothing section (28, 30) for decoupling the output shaft (18) from the damping piston (14, 16). characterized by in that the drive (10) comprises two pistons (14, 16) each designed as a damping piston provided with a toothing (20, 22), and the output shaft (18) is provided with two counter-toothing sections (28, 30) each extending only over part of its outer circumference, wherein the output shaft (18) cooperates with one of its two counter-toothing sections (28) for an opening retraction with the toothing (20, 22) of one of the two damping pistons (14) and with its other counter-toothing section (30) for a closing retraction with the toothing (20, 22) of the other damping piston (16). [2] Drive according to claim 1, characterized by that the output shaft (18) is provided with a freewheel section (32) provided between the two counter-toothed sections (28, 30), via which the output shaft (18) can be decoupled from both the one and the other of the two damping pistons (14, 16). [3] Drive according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized by that a respective damping piston (14, 16) is provided with an external toothing (20) cooperating with a counter-toothing section (28, 30) of the output shaft (18). [4] Drive according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized by that a respective damping piston (14, 16) is designed as a hollow piston open on one side, on the bottom of which, opposite the open end face, a spring unit (24, 26) extending through the open end face into the damping piston (14, 16) is supported at one end. [5] Drive according to claim 4, characterized by that the spring unit (24) is supported with its other end on an end wall of the housing (12), a front-side housing closure or the like. [6] Drive according to claim 5, characterized by that the spring unit (24) comprises a compression spring. [7] Drive according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized by that each damping piston (14, 16) is assigned its own spring unit (24). [8] Drive according to claim 4, characterized by that the drive (10) comprises two damping pistons (14, 16), each designed as a hollow piston open on one side, to which a common spring unit (26) is assigned, which extends through the opposite open end faces of the damping pistons (14, 16) to their respective bottoms and is supported with its two ends on the inside on the bottoms of the two damping pistons (14, 16). [9] Drive according to claim 8, characterized by that the common spring unit (26) assigned to the two damping pistons (14, 16) comprises a tension spring. [10] Drive according to one of claims 1 to 2, characterized by that a respective damping piston (14, 16) is designed as a hollow piston with an internal toothing (22) which cooperates with a counter-toothing section (28, 30) of the output shaft (18). [11] Drive according to claim 10, characterized by that the drive (10) comprises two damping pistons (14, 16) each designed as a hollow piston open on one side with internal toothing (22), the open end faces of which lie opposite one another and in the area of ​​which the output shaft (18) is arranged, which cooperates with its counter-toothing sections (28, 30) with the internal toothings (22) of the two damping pistons (14, 16). [12] Drive according to claim 11, characterized by that each of the two damping pistons (14, 16) is assigned its own spring unit (24). [13] Drive according to claim 12, characterized by that the spring unit (24) assigned to a respective damping piston (14, 16) is supported with one end on the outside on the bottom of the damping piston (14, 16) opposite the open end face and with the other end on an end wall of the housing (12), a front-side housing closure or the like. [14] Drive according to claim 12 or 13, characterized by that the spring unit (24) associated with a respective damping piston (14, 16) comprises a compression spring.

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