Drive arrangement for a mobile unit and mobile unit with the drive arrangement

Abstract

Drive arrangement (10) for a mobile (1), wherein the mobile (1) has a base body (2), with an axis section (6a,b,c,d) for coupling with the base body (2), with a roller (5a,b,c,d), wherein the roller (5a,b,c,d) is rotatably arranged on the axle section (6a,b,c,d), with a motor device (11) for driving the roller (5a,b,c,d), wherein the motor device (11) is designed as a wheel hub drive and / or as a direct drive, with a braking device (22) for braking the drive arrangement (10), wherein the braking device (22) has a first and a second braking partner (23, 24) which interact frictionally for braking, wherein the first braking partner (23) is coupled to the roller (5a, b, c, d) and the second braking partner (24) is coupled to the axle section (6a, b, c, d) in a rotationally fixed manner, characterized in that the motor device (11) has a motor (12) and a housing (13), wherein the first brake partner (23) is designed as a first housing section (14) of the housing (13).

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a drive arrangement for a mobile unit with the features of the preamble of claim 1 and to a mobile unit with the drive arrangement.

[0002] Besides conventional vehicles, such as cars, motorcycles, etc., there is a need for alternative means of transport that offer greater flexibility, for example, on short trips. Electric scooters are already a familiar sight on today's roads; they can be folded up compactly and thus transported in a car or used for short journeys, such as between home and work.

[0003] A further miniaturization of a vehicle is described in US document 2016 / 005 9108 A1, which likely represents the closest state of the art. This document presents a skateboard with an electric drive unit. The electric drive unit comprises two motors in one axle of the skateboard, which are arranged within the skateboard's wheels. Thus, the motors provide a direct drive for each wheel.

[0004] US Patent 5,893,425 A discloses an electrically powered skateboard in which a high-torque, low-speed electric motor mounted on the board drives at least one wheel via a positive drive element, preferably a toothed belt. Power is supplied by a battery located in the board, which is connected to the motor via a motor control unit. The motor is controlled by a wireless remote control unit with a movable trigger, which sends variable acceleration and braking signals, thus enabling smooth acceleration and smooth electric braking. The device also includes a braking device that regeneratively decelerates the motor, thereby imparting adjustable rotational resistance to the driven wheel.

[0005] WO 2013 170 295 A1 discloses a braking device for a board-like device with wheels, for example, a skateboard. The device comprises brake elements slidably mounted on an axle, wheel mounting sets, a release mechanism, and an actuating means. The actuating means has a first and a second, opposing actuating lever, arranged so that they exert a balanced force on each brake element. This ensures uniform braking of both wheel mounting sets as soon as the release mechanism is actuated.

[0006] DE 10 2015 101 652 A1 discloses a drive system for a muscle-powered vehicle, in particular a skateboard, with at least one axle and at least one wheel, in the wheel of which an electric motor is integrated. The electric motor comprises a stator connectable to the axle and a rotor rotatable about the stator. The wheel has a roller that forms the running surface and is detachably or replaceably connected to the rotor.

[0007] US patent 2016 0 059 108 A1 discloses an electric-powered skateboard with a detachable drive module that can be attached to virtually any skateboard deck via a mounting adapter. The module includes an integrated rechargeable battery and one or two hub motors. The hub motors are controlled by a dedicated motor control circuit that regulates speed, acceleration, and regenerative braking, processing signals from a wireless controller. A wireless receiver is also provided to receive control commands from various motion controllers and translate them into variable motor drive. A power management circuit supplies the motor and motor control from the battery, enabling a compact, modular retrofit kit for motorizing conventional skateboards.

[0008] The object of the present invention is to propose a drive arrangement for a vehicle and / or a vehicle with the drive arrangement which offers a particularly high level of driving comfort.

[0009] This problem is solved by a drive arrangement having the features of claim 1 and by a vehicle having the features of claim 9.

[0010] Preferred or advantageous embodiments of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims, the following description and the accompanying figures.

[0011] The invention relates to a drive arrangement suitable and / or designed for use in a mobile vehicle. The mobile vehicle is preferably designed as a micromobility vehicle. Alternatively or additionally, the mobile vehicle is designed as a low-floor vehicle. The mobile vehicle preferably has a total weight of less than 50 kilograms, preferably less than 30 kilograms, and particularly less than 10 kilograms. The mobile vehicle is particularly preferably designed as a two-axle vehicle. The mobile vehicle can also be designed as a multi-track vehicle.

[0012] In a preferred design embodiment, the vehicle is implemented as a skateboard. In this embodiment, the drive system forms either a rear-wheel drive or a front-wheel drive. It is also possible for the skateboard to have four-wheel drive, so that both the front and rear axles are driven by the drive system.

[0013] The vehicle has a base body. For example, the base body is implemented as a chassis. In the exemplary embodiment of the skateboard, the base body comprises, for example, a platform or board on which the person being transported can stand.

[0014] The drive assembly includes an axle section for coupling to the base body. A tilting mechanism may be arranged between the axle section and the base body, allowing the axle section to be tilted and / or pivoted relative to the base body. This tilting mechanism is particularly useful for enabling cornering, for example, by allowing the passenger to shift their weight. A similar structure to a conventional skateboard could be used as the tilting mechanism.

[0015] The drive assembly comprises at least one roller, the roller being rotatably mounted on the axle section. The roller is, in particular, rotatably mounted indirectly on the axle section, with further components, as will be disclosed below, arranged between the roller and the axle section. Preferably, the drive assembly comprises two such rollers per axle, which are rotatably mounted on the axle section or on the axle section and a further axle section. The roller is, for example, implemented as a plastic roller, in particular as a rigid plastic roller.

[0016] The drive assembly includes a motor unit for driving the roller. Specifically, the motor unit acts between the axle section and the roller. The motor unit is designed as a wheel hub drive, particularly as a direct drive. Preferably, the motor unit is integrated at least partially into the roller. If the drive assembly has two rollers, it is preferred that such a motor unit is arranged in each roller. The motor unit is particularly preferably designed as an electric motor unit.

[0017] The drive assembly includes a braking device for braking the drive assembly.

[0018] The invention proposes that the braking device comprises a first and a second braking partner, which interact frictionally to brake. The first braking partner is rotationally fixed to the wheel, and the second braking partner is rotationally fixed to the axle section. Optionally, the first and / or the second braking partner can be floatingly mounted, but still be rotationally fixed.

[0019] One aspect of the invention is that by integrating the braking system, which is designed as a friction brake, the vehicle control of the vehicle can be significantly improved, thereby increasing driving comfort. In addition to increased driving comfort, this also results in greater safety during operation. A further advantage of the invention is the increased safety achieved by decoupling the electrical and mechanical braking mechanisms.

[0020] In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the motor assembly comprises a motor and a housing. The first brake component is designed as a first housing section of the housing. Thus, the housing performs a dual function, namely, firstly, to accommodate the motor and secondly, to provide the first brake component.

[0021] It is particularly preferred that the first housing section is rotatably mounted on the axle section. In particular, the first housing section is non-rotatably coupled to the roller.

[0022] In a further development of the invention, the housing comprises a second housing section, wherein the second housing section is rotatably mounted on the axle section. Preferably, the first housing section and the second housing section are rotatably mounted parallel to each other on the axle section. The first and second housing sections can be connected to each other via a support structure. However, it is preferred that the first and second housing sections are directly connected to each other. It is also preferred that the first and second housing sections are separably connected to each other, so that the first housing section can be replaced if necessary, for example, if it is worn due to braking.

[0023] In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the first and / or the second bearing section is mounted on the axle section via a rolling bearing assembly. It is therefore particularly preferred that the drive arrangement comprises a first rolling bearing assembly for mounting the first rolling bearing section and a second rolling bearing assembly for mounting the second housing section. For example, the rolling bearing assemblies are designed as ball bearing assemblies. This design as a rolling bearing assembly ensures low-friction operation of the roller, thus further increasing the driving comfort of the vehicle. The rolling bearing assemblies are preferably designed as floating and fixed bearings to prevent preloading of the housing relative to the axle section.

[0024] It is preferred that the first and second housing sections together form the housing with an interior. The motor is provided for in the interior of the housing.

[0025] In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the motor is designed as an external rotor and / or has an external rotor, wherein the external rotor is non-rotatably connected to the housing. Particularly preferably, the second housing section is designed as a rotor sleeve which supports or forms the external rotor. The rotor sleeve thus forms a supporting, stabilizing, and rotatable element to absorb the forces acting on the roller.

[0026] The second housing section and / or the rotor sleeve has a base and a circumferential wall. In particular, the rotor sleeve is designed as a straight hollow cylinder with a base. The first housing section is designed as a sleeve and / or has a base and a circumferential wall. In particular, the first housing section is designed as a straight hollow cylinder with a base. The first and second housing sections can be inserted into one another, particularly detachably, with respect to an axial direction. A seal can be arranged in the overlap area between the first and second housing sections.

[0027] In a possible embodiment of the invention, the roller and / or the outer rotor, together with the second housing section, in particular the rotor sleeve, form a subassembly that is, in particular, self-retaining. It is provided that the first housing section can be separated from the subassembly without opening the connection between the second housing section and the outer rotor and / or the connection between the second housing section and the roller. In this way, the first housing section can be easily separated from the subassembly, for example, to be replaced in the event of wear caused by braking. It is particularly provided that the first housing section is not directly connected to the roller and / or not directly to the outer rotor.

[0028] In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the roller is fixed to or on the second housing section by means of an axial connection, for example, by means of an axial screw connection with screws, in particular axial screws. In particular, there is no direct connection between the roller and the first housing section and / or the roller and the first housing section are arranged without contact with each other. Viewed axially, the first housing section extends to the roller. Furthermore, the first housing section overlaps the second housing section in a concentric manner, so that a connection that is particularly dustproof and / or a clamping mechanism for changing the roller is formed. In particular, a free end section of the second housing section forms an end stop in the axial direction for the first housing section.

[0029] A further aspect of the invention relates to a mobile device, which is particularly preferably designed as a skateboard, comprising at least one drive arrangement according to one of the preceding claims. Particularly preferably, the mobile device has a front axle and a rear axle, wherein one or both axles each have two wheels. Preferably, each of the wheels forms part of a drive arrangement as described above or according to one of the preceding claims.

[0030] Further features, advantages, and effects of the invention will become apparent from the following description of a preferred embodiment and the accompanying figures. These show: Fig. 1 a highly schematic representation of a mobile as an embodiment of the invention, Fig. 2 a schematic longitudinal section view of a drive arrangement for the vehicle in the Fig. 1.

[0031] The Fig. Figure 1 shows a schematic, highly simplified top view of a vehicle 1, designed as a skateboard. The vehicle 1 has a base body 2, which forms a chassis. The base body 2 is designed as a board or a plate and provides a platform 3 for a rider of the vehicle 1. In particular, the rider stands with their feet on the platform 3.

[0032] The vehicle 1 has two axles 4a, b, each axle being designed with two tracks and two wheels 5a, b, c, d. The wheels 5a, b, c, d are each rotatably mounted on an axle section 6a, b, c, d. The wheels 5a, b, c, d are designed as replaceable hard rubber wheels (e.g., made of PU), such as those typically used on skateboards. The axle sections 6a, b, c, d are each supported by a tilting device 7a, b. The axle sections 6a, b, and 6c, d of an axle 4a, b can also each be designed as a single, common axle section. The tilting devices 7a, b allow the axle sections 6a, b, c, d to be tilted or pivoted relative to the base body 2, so that by shifting the driver's weight on the transport surface 3 the vehicle 1 can be brought into a curve.

[0033] The Fig. Figure 2 shows a drive arrangement 10, which is depicted in the area of ​​the roller 5a, which is rotatably mounted on the axle section 6a. In the Fig. 2 is part of the tilting device 7a, which is connected to the base body 2, and the axle section 6a is also recognizable.

[0034] The drive arrangement 10 includes a motor unit 11 which rotates the roller 5a about a main axis H of the drive arrangement 10. The motor unit 11 is designed as a direct drive and / or as a wheel hub drive and / or is arranged axially and / or radially within the roller 5a. It is possible for each of the rollers 5a, b, c, d to have such a motor unit 11. However, it is also possible for only the rollers 5a, b of the front axle or only the rollers 5c, d of the rear axle to be equipped with such motor units 11. Preferably, however, two of the motor units 11 are integrated on each of the axles 4a, b.

[0035] The motor assembly 11 comprises a motor 12 and a housing 13 in which the motor 12 is arranged. The housing 13 is formed from a first housing section 14 and a second housing section 15. The first housing section 14 is designed as a sleeve with a first base and a first wall that surrounds the main axis coaxially and concentrically. The second housing section 15 is implemented as a rotor sleeve of the motor assembly 11. The second housing section 15 has a second base and a second wall that are arranged concentrically and coaxially with the main axis H. The first and second housing sections 14, 15 are nested within each other, forming an overlap area and together constituting the housing 13. A seal 8 is arranged in the overlap area to protect the interior of the housing 13, and thus the motor 12, from ingress of dirt or moisture. Alternatively or additionally, a thread may be provided.The housing 13 is thus designed as a straight hollow cylinder, which is closed at each end by a base. The second housing section 14 is designed as the rotor sleeve, a supporting, stabilizing, rotating element to absorb the forces acting on the roller 5a. The second housing section 15 is arranged internally to the roller 5a and / or supports the roller 5a and simultaneously forms the rotor carrier of the motor assembly 11. The roller 5a is fastened to the second housing section 16 with screws 19, in particular axial screws, so that the rollers 5a and, correspondingly, the rollers 5c, d, e can be easily replaced by loosening the screws 19.

[0036] The motor 12 has a stator lamination stack 16, which is designed as a magnetic flux-conducting element made of laminated electrical steel to guide the magnetic flux in the stator.

[0037] The rotor is designed as an external rotor and is formed from a permanent magnet 17, which is made, for example, of a NeFeB magnetic material to maintain a high torque density. A rotor lamination stack 18 is arranged coaxially and radially outward to the main axis of rotation H and to the permanent magnet 17. The rotor lamination stack 18 is a magnetic flux-conducting element made of laminated electrical steel to guide the magnetic flux in the rotor. The lamination stack 18 is arranged in the second housing section 15. Alternatively, the lamination stack 18 and the second housing section 15, in particular the rotor sleeve, can be designed as a single component.

[0038] The housing 13 is rotatably mounted on the axle section 6a via a first bearing arrangement 20 and a second bearing arrangement 21. The first bearing arrangement 20 supports the first housing section 14, and the second bearing arrangement 21 supports the second housing section 15. The bearing arrangements 20 and 21 together function as a fixed and floating bearing arrangement.

[0039] The drive assembly 10 includes a braking device 22, which is formed by a first brake partner 23 and a second brake partner 24. The brake partners 23 and 24 engage in frictional engagement for braking. The first brake partner 23 is formed by the first housing section 14. This section has an axially oriented end face on its base, so that the frictional engagement is exerted in a radial area relative to the main axis H. The second brake partner 24 is formed by a mechanical brake, which is based, for example, on a hydraulic-mechanical concept. The second brake partner 24 includes, for example, a brake piston 9, which is extended in the axial direction to establish the frictional engagement.

[0040] The friction surface for mechanical braking is thus part of the housing 13, in particular the first housing section 14. Optionally, cooling fins 25 are additionally mounted on the first wall of the first housing section 14 to dissipate any heat generated during braking. Instead of the cooling fins 25, other structures can also be provided that increase the surface area to improve cooling performance.

[0041] The electrical energy required to drive the motor is supplied via cables 26, which are routed within the hollow shaft section 6a. A commutation unit 27 serves to detect the rotor position and to control or commutation the motor via the motor electronics. The commutation unit 27 preferably detects the rotor position using non-contact elements, e.g., Hall sensors.

[0042] The possible special features of the drive arrangement are listed again below: Integration of the motor unit 11 as a drive directly into the driving roller 5a (direct drive, wheel hub drive) with shared housing 13 for the drive and the mechanical braking mechanism of the braking device 22. Two-part housing 13 as drive housing for simplified manufacturing and assembly, as well as for the interchangeability of the brake friction surface of the mechanical braking mechanism. Specially designed housing shape of the housing 13, in particular of the first housing section 14, to improve the cooling of the heat generated by the motor 12 and the mechanical braking mechanism. Sealed housing 13 to protect the motor 12 and the electronics. Routing of the supply lines for the cables 26 through a hollow shaft in the vehicle axle, in particular in the axle section 6a. Recuperation of braking energy into the energy storage device during the braking process.

[0043] A particular advantage is that the drive arrangement 10 allows for the implementation of both an electric brake via the motor unit 11 and a mechanical brake via the braking unit 22, thus providing redundancy for braking. The electric and mechanical braking mechanisms are decoupled from each other. The brake pads and the rollers 5a, b, c, d, e can be replaced within a very short time without special tools. Reference symbol list 1 Mobile 2 basic shapes 3 transport seats 4a, b axes 5a, b, c, d, e roles 6a, b, c, d Axis section 7a, b Tilt device 8 Seal 9 brake pistons 10 Drive arrangement 11 Motor unit 12 engine 13 cases 14 first housing section 15 second housing section 16 Stator lamination stack 17 permanent magnets 18 Rotor lamination package 19 screws 20 first storage facility 21 second storage facility 22 Brake system 23 first brake partner 24 second braking partner 25 cooling fins 26 cables 27 Commutation unit H Main axis

Claims

[1] Drive arrangement (10) for a mobile (1), wherein the mobile (1) has a base body (2), with an axis section (6a,b,c,d) for coupling with the base body (2), with a roller (5a,b,c,d), wherein the roller (5a,b,c,d) is rotatably arranged on the axle section (6a,b,c,d), with a motor device (11) for driving the roller (5a,b,c,d), wherein the motor device (11) is designed as a wheel hub drive and / or as a direct drive, with a braking device (22) for braking the drive arrangement (10), wherein the braking device (22) has a first and a second braking partner (23, 24) which interact frictionally for braking, wherein the first braking partner (23) is coupled to the roller (5a, b, c, d) and the second braking partner (24) is coupled to the axle section (6a, b, c, d) in a rotationally fixed manner, characterized by, that the motor assembly (11) comprises a motor (12) and a housing (13), wherein the first brake partner (23) is designed as a first housing section (14) of the housing (13). [2] Drive arrangement (10) according to claim 1, characterized by , that the first housing section (14) is rotatably mounted on the axle section (6a, b, c, d). [3] Drive arrangement (10) according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized by , that the housing (13) has a second housing section (15), wherein the second housing section (15) is rotatably mounted on the axle section (6a, b, c, d). [4] Drive arrangement (10) according to claim 2 or 3, characterized by , that the first and / or the second housing section (14,15) is supported on the axle section (6a, b, c, d) via a rolling bearing arrangement (20,21). [5] Drive arrangement (10) according to claim 3 or 4, characterized by, that the first and second housing sections (14,15) together form the housing (13) and / or an enclosure for the motor (12). [6] Drive arrangement (10) according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 5, characterized by , that the motor (12) has an outer rotor, wherein the outer rotor is connected to the housing (13) in a rotationally fixed manner. [7] Drive arrangement (10) according to claim 6, characterized by , that the roller (5a, b, c, d) and / or the outer rotor forms a subassembly with the second housing section (15), wherein the first housing section (14) is separable from the subassembly. [8] Drive arrangement (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by , that the roller (5a, b, c, d) is fixed to the second housing section (15) by means of an axial connection. [9] Mobile (1), characterized by the drive arrangement (10) according to one of the preceding claims.

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