Installation procedure for installing a surface heating system

Abstract

Installation method (400) for installing a surface heating system (1.1) in a room (101) of a building (100), comprising the following steps: - laying (403) a first heating mat (4.1) with an electric heating means (20) on a structural element (102) of the building (100), - laying (404) a second heating mat (4.2) with a further electrical heating means (20) next to the first heating mat (4.1) on the structural element (102) of the building (100) and establishing (404.1) an electrical connection (40.1) between the first heating mat (4.1) and the second heating mat (4.2), wherein the electrical connection (40.1) comprises a parallel connection of the electrical heating means (20) of the first and second heating mats (4.1, 4.2), - connecting (406) at least the first heating mat (4.1) to an energy source (2), characterized in that the first and second heating mats (4.1, 4.2) each have a detection means (30) for detecting an event (3), wherein the detection means (30) are also connected when establishing (404.1) the electrical connection (40.1).

Description

The invention relates to an assembly method for assembling a surface heating in a room of a building and to a surface heating, in particular a floor heating.Floor heating systems are known from the prior art, in which an electrical resistance element is laid for the dissipation of heat in a room. The electrical resistance element often takes the form of a cable. When mounting such electric floor heating systems, it is necessary for the assembler to uniformly lay the resistance element in the room. This requires the technician's experience and his skill.Furthermore, it is often disadvantageous that known floor heating systems can be adapted to specific spatial geometries only with great effort. For example, it may be necessary to completely save a notch during the assembly of the floor heating system, so that the latter cannot be heated afterwards. A chimney projecting into a room can also lead, for example, to the floor heating being laid at the height of the chimney, so that an edge region of the room is not equipped with the floor heating. Furthermore, many individual main connections are often provided, which are guided separately to an energy source or a control device, so that there may be a need for additional cable shafts or free spaces for cables leading to the energy source or to the control device.Various heating systems are known from the documents DE 10 2005 015 051 A1, DE 20 2015 008 263 U1, DE 43 12 400 A1, DE 20 2006 007 730 U1, EP 2 921 084 A1, US 2012 / 0 168 427 A1, DE 20 2006 007 731 U1, EP 2 116 778 A1, DE 10 2011 077 110 A1 and DE 100 52 345 A1.It is an object of the present invention to at least partially eliminate the above disadvantages known from the prior art. In particular, it is an object of the present invention to simplify the assembly of a surface heating, preferably with an enlarged range of functions.The object is achieved by an assembly method with the features of claim 1 and a surface heating with the features of claim 11.Further features and details of the invention are evident from the dependent claims, the description and the drawings. Features and details which have been described in connection with the mounting method according to the invention naturally also apply in connection with the surface heating according to the invention and vice versa, so that with regard to the disclosure with respect to the individual aspects of the invention, reference is always made to each other.According to the invention, the assembly method for assembling a surface heating in a room of a building comprises the following steps:laying a first heating mat with an electric heating means on a structural element of the building,laying a second heating mat with a further electrical heating means next to the first heating mat on the structural element of the building and establishing an electrical connection of the first heating mat with the second heating mat,connecting at least the first heating mat to an energy source.Preferably, the first and / or second heating mat can be designed plate-shaped. In particular, the first and / or second heating mat can advantageously have a base area of less than 2 m x 2 m, preferably of less than 1.5 m x 1.5 m, particularly preferably of less than 1.1 m x 0.8 m. The energy source can preferably be understood to mean a connection to a power grid, in particular a domestic power connection, so that the electrical heating means of the first and second heating mat can be supplied with power. The connection of the first heating mat to an energy source can preferably comprise a connection of the first heating mat to a flush-mounted box. Preferably, the second heating mat can also be separately connected to the energy source. Preferably, however, only the first heating mat is connected to the energy source and the electrical heating means of the second heating mat is supplied with energy via the electrical connection of the first and second heating mats. The structural element of the building can preferably comprise a raw floor of the building. Furthermore, the structural element can comprise, for example, a wall element of the building or the like. The first and second heating mats can preferably each form a single heating module, which can together serve for the configuration of the surface heating. In this case, in particular further heating mats can be laid in order to form the surface heating, in particular over the entire surface of the room. Laying the first and / or second heating mat can comprise unrolling the first and / or second heating mat or lay-down the first and / or second heating mat flat on the structural element. Establishing the electrical connection of the first and second heating mats can advantageously further comprise a connection of two electrical contacts of the first and second heating mats. It is thus conceivable for the first and second heating mats to each have a cable which can be connected to one another in order to produce the electrical connection between the first and second heating mats. The electrical connection comprises a parallel connection of the electrical heating means of the first and second heating mats. When laying the first heating mat next to the second heating mat, in particular a part of the second heating mat can overlap the first heating mat and / or vice versa. Preferably, the heating mats can be laid next to one another in such a way that at least the heating means of the first and second heating mats do not have an overlap.Thus, it is possible in a simple manner to mount a surface heating in a room of a building in which two heating mats, in particular prefabricated heating mats, are laid on a structural element of the building and are electrically connected to one another.The two heating mats can have the same shape or each an individual shape, in particular a shape adapted to a spatial geometry. Advantageously, the surface heating can be planned already in advance during the production of the first or the second heating mat, so that the first and / or second heating mat can be supplied suitably in each case. In particular, the first and / or second heating mat can be manufactured separately from the construction site of the building or of the room. This can make it possible, for example, for a assembler to merely put the heating mats in a puzzle-like arrangement and to connect them electrically in order to lay the surface heating in the room. This can be carried out intuitively in particular, so that complex instructions for mounting the surface heating can be omitted if necessary. If the electrical connection of the first and second heating mat also simultaneously provides a control and energy supply of the second heating mat via the first heating mat, a separate connection of the second heating mat to the energy source is furthermore not necessary. As a result, the installation of the surface heating can also be simplified overall, in particular if a plurality of heating mats are arranged at different positions in the space.In an assembly method according to the invention, it can furthermore be provided that the electrical connection is a form-fit and / or reversible connection. It is thus conceivable for the electrical connection to be produced by clicking on pushbuttons which are electrically conductive. This can further support intuitive mounting of the surface heating. Furthermore, a reversible connection makes it possible that in the event of a mismounting, for example due to a more complex spatial geometry, the electrical connection can be released and the first and second heating mats can be used again. A form-fit electrical connection further increases the certainty that the electrical connection is permanently ensured even during operation. It is thus conceivable, for example, for thermal stresses to occur during operation. A form-fit electrical connection thus enables an additional mechanical connection which can absorb forces and, for example, contribute to the retention of the electrical connection when thermal stresses occur. Furthermore, it can thereby be ensured that the respective contacts remain in connection with each other in particular over the full surface and the contact surface does not reduce due to relative movements of the first and second heating mat with respect to each other.Within the scope of the invention, it can furthermore be provided that the first heating mat, in particular when connected to the energy source, is connected to a control unit, by means of which at least one function of the first and / or of the second heating mat can be controlled. It is conceivable that the connection of the first heating mat to the energy source is carried out indirectly by the first heating mat being connected to the control unit and the control unit assuming the energy management of the surface heating or at least first heating mat. Furthermore, the control unit can be used, for example, to adapt the heating power of the first and / or second heating mat, in particular in each case, in order to regulate the temperature in the room. The first heating mat can thus preferably be a master which is provided as a central heating module and is provided for the control of the further heating mats of the surface heating system. This has the advantage that, on the one hand, not every heating mat has to be connected separately to the control unit or the energy source and, on the other hand, in the event of a defect or a malfunction of the control unit, only the control unit can be exchanged or updated centrally.Advantageously, in an assembly method according to the invention, it can also be provided that the assembly method comprises the following step:attaching a sound absorbing layer and / or a sealing layer to the first and / or second heater mat.In particular, each of the heating mats can be separately provided with a sound-absorbing layer and / or a sealing layer. The sound-damping layer can at least partially damp impact sound, in particular in the case of floor heating, such that the function of the heating is extended to the effect that a perception of a user during a movement in space is also positively influenced. In addition, a moisture barrier can be formed by the sealing layer, so that the surface heating can also be used, for example, in a moist room, such as a bathroom. Thus, even in the case of increased humidity in a room, it can be prevented that the humidity, for example, negatively influences the electrical connection of the first and second heating mat by corrosion. The attachment of the sound-absorbing layer and / or the sealing layer can be provided away from the construction site, in particular at a central production site of the first and / or second heating mat, or can be carried out at the construction site. It is thus conceivable for the first and / or second heating mat already to have a prelaminated adhesive layer to which the sound-absorbing layer and / or the sealing layer can be adhesively bonded. Preferably, the sound-absorbing layer can be attached to a first side and the sealing layer to a second side of the first and / or second heating mat. A combination of sound-absorbing and sealing layers is thus possible, so that a combination of both advantages is achievable. Adhesive bonding also offers the advantage that it can be carried out intuitively and requires only one adhesive layer, but in particular no special tool. Alternatively to adhesive bonding, however, other fastening methods are also conceivable, such as riveting, the introduction of retaining clips or the like.Preferably, in an assembly method according to the invention, the first and second heating mats can be laid overlapping. In particular, the following step can be provided in this case:bonding the first and second heating mats in at least one edge region of the first and second heating mats, respectively.It is conceivable, for example, for the electric heating means of the first and second heating mats to be provided in a central region of the first and second heating mats, respectively, so that the latter can be used for the actual main function of the surface heating. By gluing the first and second heating mats in an edge region, it can thus be ensured that as small a region as possible of the first and second heating mats overlaps. As a result, it is possible, for example, for the electric heating means not to overlap in the assembled state, but rather only the edge regions which are glued together. However, the overlapping of the first and second heating mats basically offers the advantage that a fastening, in particular an adhesion, of the first and second heating mats is possible in a simple manner, in particular without having to realize a connection at the joint of the first and second heating mats. As a result, the first and second heating mats can have a small thickness and also be thickened only slightly or not at all in the edge region in order to enable the fastening to one another. The adhesive bonding of the first and second heating mats in an edge region furthermore represents a simple possibility of intuitively keeping the installation of the surface heating for the assembler.It is furthermore conceivable in an assembly method according to the invention that the assembly method comprises the following step:calibrating the electrical heating means of the first heating mat, wherein an actual temperature is determined and compared with a predetermined setpoint temperature.In particular, only a calibration of the first heating means of the first heating mat can be carried out, while a calibration of the heating means of the further heating mats is omitted. If the first heating mat is designed as a master, it can thus be sufficient to calibrate the electric heating means of the first heating mat, in particular if all further heating means depend in space on the first heating mat. The actual temperature can preferably be determined by a temperature sensor, which can be part of the first heating mat, for example. The setpoint temperature can be predefined by a control unit and can be predefinable at the control unit in particular by a user. It is thus conceivable that the control unit can be connected to a mobile terminal of the user. Additionally or alternatively, it is conceivable that a specially designed calibration device is used for presetting the setpoint temperature and / or for determining the actual temperature. The calibration can be carried out in particular once for the electric heating means in order to adapt the surface heating to the circumstances of the room, for example before connection to a control device takes place. In particular, an offset of the temperature measurement can thus be set as a function of a floor covering. It is thus conceivable that, for example, the temperature sensor of the first heating mat measures a temperature which deviates from the actual room temperature, since floor coverings can be arranged between the usable space and the heating mat. Depending on the floor covering, there may be a different temperature coefficient which can influence the measurement of the temperature sensor of the first heating mat.Within the scope of the invention, it is further provided that the first and second heating mat each have a detection means for, in particular capacitive, detection of an event. Thus, by mounting the surface heating system, a surface sensor system can be mounted simultaneously by the mounting method according to the invention. The event can preferably be understood to mean an activity or a presence of a person. Preferably, the detection means can be designed for capacitive detection of the event. Thus, the detection means may preferably comprise one or two electrodes, by means of which an electric field can be produced, wherein a capacitance can be measured upon the detection of the event. In particular, the first and the second heating mat and also further heating mats can each have a detection means which can thus enable detection of the event over an area of the room. The detection means are also connected when establishing the electrical connection. For this purpose, the detection means can be connectable via an electrical connection, by means of which the electrical heating means are also connected, or via a separate electrical connection, which comprises a data connection.In an assembly method according to the invention, it is furthermore conceivable that the assembly method comprises the following step:calibrating the detection means of the first heating mat, wherein actual sensor data are determined and compared with reference sensor data or are stored as reference sensor data.Preferably, the calibration of the detection means can take place only for the first heating mat. The first heating mat can thus also be designed as a master with respect to the detection means, so that the sensor data of the first heating mat is detected as representative of the sensor data of the further heating mats. The actual sensor data can be understood to mean the measurement data actually recorded at the time of calibration. The reference sensor data can be predefined or, for example, formed during calibration by the actual sensor data acquired during calibration. Thus, a storage unit can be provided which stores the reference sensor data. For example, it is conceivable that the actual sensor data is used as a zero state or reference state in which the space is empty. A deviation from this sensor data can then indicate an event. The calibration of the detection means can be effected by a control unit and / or a separate calibration device.In an assembly method according to the invention, it is furthermore conceivable that the assembly method comprises the following step:cutting, in particular along at least one desired cutting line, the first and / or the second heating mat, so that the first and / or second heating mat is adapted to a spatial geometry and at the same time a function of the electric heating means and / or of the detection means of the first and / or second heating mat is at least partially maintained.It is thus conceivable for the first and / or second heating mat to be supplied in a standard geometry and to be able to be adapted on site to the circumstances of the spatial geometry. It is thus conceivable that first the first heating mat is laid and, when the second heating mat is laid, it is determined by the assembler that the spatial geometry, for example due to a chimney, requires an adaptation of the external geometry of the second heating mat. The assembler can then cut the second heating mat to size. For the cutting to size, reference cutting lines can preferably be specified, by means of which it can be ensured that during the cutting along the lines, the function of the electric heating means and / or of the detection means is at least partially maintained. It is thus conceivable for only one resistance element of the electric heating means and / or one sensor element of the detection means to be cut off, wherein, however, further resistance elements and / or further sensor elements of the respective heating mat are retained. As a result, the function of the electrical heating means and / or of the detection means can remain ensured. In particular, the function of the electric heating means is a release of heat for heating the room and the function of the detection means is a monitoring of the room for an event. In particular, the cutting-to size can be effected along conductor tracks and / or along data lines which are preferably connected multiple times to one or more electrical connections, with the result that contacting to the outside is still made possible even when a connection of the data line and / or the conductor track to the electrical connection is cut to size. The reference line can be understood to mean a region along which an advantageous possibility of cutting is created, so that the function of the heating means and / or of the detection means is not completely destroyed. Preferably, the desired cutting line can be pre-drawn and / or pre-perforated, so that an engineer can quickly identify the desired cutting line. Furthermore, a plurality of target cutting lines can be provided. This can further improve the flexibility of the mounting possibility. Furthermore, it is conceivable that the desired cutting lines can result, for example, from the arrangement of the sensor elements of the detection means and / or the resistance elements of the heating means, in particular if the sensor elements and / or the resistance elements are arranged in a regular pattern.Within the scope of the invention, it can furthermore be provided that the assembly method, in particular before the calibration of the electrical heating means and / or of the detection means, comprises at least one of the following steps:applying a functional coating to the first and second heating mat, in particular wherein the functional coating is a screed,applying a visible coating.Preferably, the functional covering can be applied first and then the visible covering can be applied to the functional covering. By applying the functional covering, the structural element of the building can be straightened with the surface heating, so that the visible covering can be applied in one plane. The visible covering can be, for example, tiles, laminate, carpet, parking lot or the like. The functional covering can preferably have a construction material, in particular a screed. As a result, the surface heating can be concealed in a simple manner in the floor of the room without adversely affecting the appearance of the room. In addition, the functional covering and / or the visible covering protects the surface heating, so that, for example, the surface heating cannot be damaged by shoe coverings or the like. The calibration of the electric heating means and / or of the detection means can preferably be carried out after the application of the functional covering and / or of the visible covering, such that the in particular final environmental conditions of the space for the surface heating are already present or substantially present and calibration thus takes place under conditions which can also be present during operation of the surface heating.According to a further aspect of the invention, a surface heating system, in particular a floor heating system, is claimed. In this case, the surface heating is mounted in a room of a building by an assembly method according to the invention. Thus, for a surface heating according to the invention, the same advantages result as have already been described in detail with reference to an assembly method according to the invention.Further measures which improve the invention will become apparent from the following description of some exemplary embodiments of the invention, which are schematically illustrated in the figures. All features and / or advantages arising from the claims, the description or the drawings, including structural details, spatial arrangements and method steps, can be essential to the invention both individually and in a wide variety of combinations. It should be noted that the figures are merely descriptive in nature and are not intended to limit the invention in any form. The following are shown: FIG. 1 shows a schematic structure of a heating mat for a surface heating according to a first exemplary embodiment in a schematic sectional view, FIG. 2 shows a top view of a first base side of a base unit of the heating mat of the first exemplary embodiment, FIG. 3 shows a schematic illustration of a detection means of the heating mat of the first exemplary embodiment, FIG. 4 shows a possible detection of an event in a time sequence with the heating mat of the first exemplary embodiment, FIG. 5 shows the heating mat of the first exemplary embodiment in a further schematic sectional view, FIG. 6 shows a further sectional schematic view of the heating mat of the first exemplary embodiment in the edge region, FIG. 7 shows a possible bending of the heating mat of the first exemplary embodiment in a schematic view, FIG. 8 shows a surface heating according to the invention according to a further first exemplary embodiment in a schematic illustration, FIG. 9 shows a room of a building with a surface heating according to the invention in a further exemplary embodiment in schematic illustration, FIG. 10 shows a schematic illustration of method steps of an assembly method according to the invention for a surface heating according to the invention in a schematic illustration in a first exemplary embodiment, FIGS. 11 a- g show a further schematic illustration of the method steps of the mounting method according to the invention of the first exemplary embodiment.In the following figures, the identical reference numerals are also used for the same technical features of different exemplary embodiments.FIGS. 1 to 7 describe the structure or a mode of operation of a heating mat 4, which can advantageously be moved by a method 500 according to the invention. In particular, a first heating mat 4.1 in the method 500 of the exemplary embodiment of FIGS. 10 and 11 a- gmay correspond to the heating mat described in FIGS. 1 to 7. Furthermore, the second and / or each further heating mat 4.2, 4.3 used within the scope of the method 500 according to the invention of the exemplary embodiment of FIGS. 10 and 11 a- gmay be constructed in accordance with FIGS. 1 to 7 or analogously thereto.FIG. 1 shows a schematic structure of a heating mat 4 with a detailed view of a base unit 10 of the heating mat 4. the base unit 10 in this case forms in particular a core of the heating mat 4. the base unit 10 comprises a carrier element 11 which has a planar extension with a first and a second base side 11.1, 11.2. The carrier element 11 is thus suitable for laying the heating mat 4, for example as part of a delimiting element 110 of the room 101, in particular of a floor, of a building 100. The first base side 11.1 preferably forms an underside of the support element 11 when the heating mat 4 is installed in the building 100 as a floor heater. In this case, the second base side 11.2 correspondingly preferably forms the upper side of the carrier element 11. The electric heating means 20 has a resistance element 21, which extends on the first base side 11.1 of the carrier element 11 and is preferably designed flat, in particular plate-like. Furthermore, the electric heating means 20 has a heating conducting element 23, by means of which the resistance element 21 is connected to an electric connection 40 of the heating mat 4. The heating conductive element 23 and / or the resistance element 21 can be printed on the carrier element 11. Preferably, first the heating conducting element 23 is printed directly onto the carrier element 11 and the resistance element 21 is printed at least in areas onto the heating conducting element 23 and / or at least in areas onto the carrier element 11. Thus, the resistance element 21, which can preferably be designed in the manner of a plate, can extend over the heating conducting element 23. In this case, the heating conducting element 23 can be provided, for example, as a narrow strip, so that the resistance element 21 is partially applied directly to the heating conducting element 23 and is partially applied directly to the carrier element 11. In particular, the heating conducting element 23 and the resistance element 21 are connected to the carrier element 11 and / or to one another in a materially integral manner. In order to keep the electrical resistance of the heating conducting element 23 low, the heating conducting element 23 comprises in particular a noble metal, preferably silver. The resistance element 21 is configured to emit heat when energized. The emitted heat results in particular from the resistance of the resistance element 21. The carbon 21.1 can preferably be present in ground form. The filler 21.2 also serves to adjust the conductivity of the resistance element 21, wherein the conductivity of the resistance element 21 corresponds to the amount addition of the filler 21.2 to the carbon paste. For electrical insulation from the outside of the base unit 10, a first protective layer 14.1 is also provided, which covers the electrical heating means 20 at least in areas. In particular, the first protective layer 14.1 can comprise a lacquer, preferably a photoresist.On the second base 11.2 of the carrier element 11, the base unit 10 has a capacitive detection means 30 for detecting an event 3. The detection means 30 comprises a data line 35 which is applied in particular directly to the carrier element 11. The data line 35 can serve for supplying power and / or for communicating data to the detection means 30. For this purpose, the data line 35 can preferably comprise a plurality of, in particular parallel, data conductors, by means of which, for example, a data bus can be provided. Furthermore, the detection means 30 comprises two electrodes 31, between which an electric field can be generated. In particular, the two electrodes 31 can be connected to the data line 35 in regions. For electrical insulation, in particular further regions, a further protective layer 14.3 can furthermore be provided between the electrodes 31 and the data line 35. This can ensure that the electrodes 31 and the data line 35 contact one another only in some contact sections and therefore the electric field is not influenced, or is influenced only slightly, by the data line 35. For the electrical insulation of the detection means 30 from the environment, a second protective layer 14.2 is also provided, which covers the detection means 30 at least in regions. Preferably, the detection means 30 can be applied indirectly or directly to the second base side 11.2 of the carrier element 11. In particular, the electrodes 31 and / or the data line 35 can be connected to the carrier element 11 in a materially bonded manner by a printing method. The second protective layer 14.2 and the further protective layer 14.3 can in particular be painted and / or applied by a printing method, preferably as a photoresist.Due to the described construction of the base unit 10, it is flexible, so that the handling of the heating mat 4 can differ from the handling of a rigid plate. This is particularly favorable when handling on a construction site, since, for example, a person can wear the heating mat 4, the heating mat 4 can be supplied in a stack with further heating mats 4 and / or a risk of breakage of the heating mat 4 can be reduced. In particular, the base unit 10 forms a film-like, preferably moisture-impermeable composite. In order to further protect the base unit 10 from moisture, a sealing layer 60, in particular on the base unit 10, is furthermore arranged in particular indirectly on the second base side 11.2 of the carrier element 11 on the heating mat 4. To this end, an adhesive layer 70 is arranged between the base unit 10 and the sealing layer 60 in order to fasten the sealing layer 60 to the base unit 10. Furthermore, the sealing layer 60 has a plurality of fiber layers 60.1, so that a tightness of the sealing layer 60 by the plurality of fiber layers 60.1 can be increased. In particular, the sealing layer 60 may comprise a nonwoven. On the first base 11.1 of the carrier element 11, a sound-absorbing layer 50 is furthermore fastened on the heating mat 4, in particular on the base unit 10. For this purpose, an adhesive layer 70 is also provided between the sound-absorbing layer 50 and the base unit 10, in order to ensure a cohesive connection of the base unit 10 and the sound-absorbing layer 50. The sound-damping layer 50 has a positive effect on the sound transmission, in particular when the heating mat 4 is used as floor heating, so that step sound is reduced. By forming the base unit 10 with the detection means 30 in a layer-like composite, the base unit 10 can be laid flat for the purpose of forming a surface sensor system 1.2. The base unit 10 can be laid flat by the electric heating means 20 to form a flat heating 1.1 according to the invention. In particular, this thus provides dual functionality of the heating mat 4, so that, when the heating mat 4 is laid, on the one hand, the surface heating system 1.1 can be configured and, on the other hand, the surface sensor system 1.2. Thus, in particular, only an assembly of the heating mat 4 is necessary in order to realize a sensor functionality on the one hand and a heating functionality within a room 101 of the building 100 on the other hand. In particular, the illustration of FIG. 1 merely schematically comprises a region of the heating mat 4 in a sectioned view, wherein the layer structure can depict, for example, a printing sequence during the production of the heating mat 4. In particular, at least the sound-absorbing layer 50 and / or the sealing layer 60 and / or the protective layers 14.1, 14.2, 14.3 can extend over the full surface or in sections over the full surface of the heating mat 4FIG. 2 shows a schematic plan view of the base unit 10 of the heating mat 4 of the first exemplary embodiment onto the first base side 11.1 of the carrier element 11. The resistance elements 21 are connected via heating conductor elements 23 to at least one conductor track 42, preferably a plurality of conductor tracks 42, running in an edge region 12 of the base unit 10. The conductive track 42 connects the resistance elements 21 to heating terminals 45 which can be part of electrical terminals 40 arranged in the edge region 12 of the base unit 10. The resistance elements 21 are located in a central region 13 of the base unit 10. As a result, the heating mat 4 can be easily adapted to a specific geometry of a room, such as an erker, by cutting off a partial region of the base unit 10. Because a plurality of electrical terminals 40 are provided and the conductor track 42 is formed in a encircling manner, at least a part of the functionality of the electrical heating means 20 can thus be retained if individual resistance elements 21 and / or individual electrical terminals 40 are cut off. For at least parts of the remaining resistor elements 21, at least one electrical connection 40 and the corresponding contacting via the conductor track 42 are preferably maintained. The heating mat 4 is preferably designed as a heating module in order to be connected to further heating modules for surface heating 1.1 and / or for surface sensor system 1.2. In order to provide a simple possibility for the electrical connection, the electrical connections 40 have connection interfaces 41 and / or mating connection interfaces 43. In particular, the connection interfaces 41 can be connectable to mating connection interfaces 43 of further heating mats. For this purpose, each connection interface can have at least one, preferably a plurality of, connection means 90 and each mating connection interface can have one, preferably a plurality of, mating connection means 93. In particular, the connecting means can thus be designed as a pushbutton and / or the counter-connecting means 93 as an eyelet. As a result, an electrical connection of the heating mat 4 to an energy source 2 and / or a control unit 22 can be connected quickly and reliably.In particular, each resistance element 21 of the electric heating means 20 is assigned a sensor element 30.1. As a result, the cuttability of the heating mat 4 can also be simplified further, so that a cut separates as many sensor elements 30.1 as resistance elements 21 in accordance with the same number. The detection means 30 has the sensor elements 30.1, which each have two electrodes 31 in order to be able to generate an electric field. Each sensor element 30.1 is connected to a decentralised evaluation unit 32. Decentralized evaluation unit 32 is furthermore arranged in the vicinity of respective sensor elements 30.1, so that a connecting path between sensor elements 30.1 and respective evaluation unit 32 can be kept small. In particular, the decentralised evaluation unit 32 is designed to convert analogue measurement signals of the sensor elements 30.1 into digital signals. Furthermore, the decentralized evaluation units 32 are connected to a data line 35. The data line 35 also has a supply section 35.2 and an annular section 35.1. The ring section 35.1 is arranged here in particular at least partially parallel to the conductor track 42 circumferentially in the edge region 12 of the base unit 10. The supply section 35.2 is arranged in particular parallel to the heating conducting element 23, at least partially in the central region 13 of the base unit 10. The evaluation units 32 can thus be connected to the ring section 35.1 via the supply section 35.2. Preferably, each supply section 35.2 can contact the ring section 35.1 several times. This also results in an advantageous cut-to-size ability of the heating mat 4, so that, for example, the functionality of remaining sensor elements 30.1 can be maintained even when an upper region of the heating mat 4 is cut off. For this purpose, the ring section 35.1 is also connected to a plurality of data terminals 36, which can be part of the electrical terminals 40 for the electrical heating medium 20 or can form separate electrical terminals 40. In particular, the data line 35 can have a plurality of data lines which run in parallel, in order, for example, to be able to transmit different data and / or to make a bus available. Furthermore, detection areas 34 of the detection means 30 of the heating mat 4 are shown in dashed lines, which can be monitored by the sensor elements 30.1.FIG. 4 schematically shows a plurality of detection regions 34, which can be generated by the sensor elements 30.1, respectively. In order to be able to detect, for example, a behavior of a person or a presence of a person as event 3, provision can be made to monitor the detection regions 34 individually and evaluate them in particular at different times T 1 to T 5. Thus, for example, an event 3 in the form of a person's movement can be tracked, so that the use of the surface sensor system 1.2 of the heating mat 4 is also suitable in particular for commercial applications in such a way that visitor flows can be analyzed in their behavior. As a result, it is possible, for example, to obtain a knowledge as to whether a product acts on visitors in a particularly interesting manner or the like.FIG. 5 also shows a possible connection of the decentralised evaluation unit 32 to the sensor elements 30.1 of the detection means 30. in particular, the decentralised evaluation unit 32 can be provided on the first base 11.1 of the carrier element 11, on which the electrical heating means 20 is also arranged. A connection of the sensor elements 30.1 to the decentralised evaluation unit 32 through the carrier element 11 can be ensured in a particularly simple manner by a passage element 37 in each case, which can be designed in particular as a rivet. This can further promote the series production of the heating mat 4. In this case, the decentralised evaluation unit 32 can be fastened to the base unit 10 at the same time. In particular, the evaluation unit 32 can furthermore advantageously be embedded in the sound-damping layer 50, which can be designed to be particularly resilient and can thus offer elastic protection when the heating mat 4 is loaded, for example by the movement of a person.FIG. 6 furthermore shows an edge region 12 of the heating mat 4 of the first exemplary embodiment in a schematic illustration. The base unit 10 is shown with one of the electrical connections 40. Further, a part of the adhesive layers 70 is disposed in the edge portion. At least one of the adhesive layers 70 has a first adhesive region 71.1 as a fastening interface 44 for connecting the heating mat 4 to further heating mats and / or further components of the surface heating 1.1. Furthermore, a second adhesive region 71.2 is provided, by means of which the base unit 10 is connected to the sealing layer 60 and / or the sound-absorbing layer 50. Thus, several functions can be easily fulfilled by the respective adhesive layer.FIG. 7 shows the inventive heating mat 4 of the first exemplary embodiment with a possible bending. The heating mat 4 can be bent by a bending angle A. This is possible in particular because the base unit 10 is designed to be flexible. Preferably, the achievable bending angle A can be greater than or equal to 10°, preferably greater than or equal to 45°, particularly preferably greater than or equal to 90°. The achievable bending angle can relate in particular to a horizontal if the heating mat 4 rests at least in regions, for example on a floor. However, a bending radius R can also be provided here, which illustrates that the bending angle A is to be distinguished from a bend. In particular, the decentralised evaluation units 32 can furthermore be of rigid design, so that bending between the decentralised evaluation units 32 is possible.FIG. 8 also shows a connection of a first heating mat 4.1 to a second heating mat 4.2 and to further heating mats 4.3. The heating mats 4.1, 4.2, 4.3 form a surface heating 1.1 according to the invention according to a further exemplary embodiment and a corresponding surface sensor system 1.2. The heating mats 4.1, 4.2, 4.3 are connected to one another by electrical connections 40, by means of which an electrical connection 40.1 can be produced in each case. The electrical connection 40.1 can provide an energy supply and / or a data connection. The first heating mat 4.1 is preferably designed as a master element, which can be directly in communication with the control unit 22. In particular, the master element can have a temperature sensor 24 for calibrating and / or adjusting the surface heating system 1.1. It is also shown that the heating mats 4.1, 4.2, 4.3 overlap in their edge regions 12. In particular, the edge regions 12 can each have first adhesive regions 71.1, which can form a fastening interface 44. The heating mats 4.1, 4.2, 4.3 can be fastened to one another in particular by the fastening interfaces 44. The control unit 22, which is connected to the master element, can furthermore have a central control unit 33, by means of which preferably a heating power of the heating mats 4.1, 4.2, 4.3 and a detection of events 3 of the heating mats 4.1, 4.2, 4.3 can be controlled or evaluated. The central control device 33 can preferably be provided in a flush-mounted box of a room 101 of a building 100.FIG. 9 further shows a building 100 with a room 101 which can be heated by a surface heater 1.1 according to the invention according to a further exemplary embodiment and can be monitored at least in regions by a surface sensor system 1.2. The monitoring of the room 101 can thereby comprise a detection of an event 3, wherein the event 3 can preferably comprise an activity of a person. In particular, the activity of the person can be a stay of the person. In particular, the surface sensor system 1.2 can also be designed for capacitive detection of the event 3. The surface heating system 1.1 and the surface sensor system 1.2 are formed by a first heating mat 4.1, a second heating mat 4.2 and further heating mats 4.3, preferably by a combination of a plurality of heating mats according to the first exemplary embodiment. For this purpose, the heating mats 4.1, 4.2, 4.3 are arranged on a structural element 102 of the building 100. The structural element 102 can preferably be a floor blank. On the heating mats 4.1, 4.2, 4.3 there is also arranged a functional covering 103, which can preferably be an screed, and a visible covering 104, which can comprise tiles and / or carpet and / or laminate and / or the like, for example. The surface sensor system 1.2 and / or the surface heater 1.1 can be connected and / or connectable to an external computing unit 80 and / or a mobile terminal 81. As a result, remote control of the surface heating system 1.1 and / or remote monitoring of the surface sensor system 1.2 can be carried out by a user also outside the building 100 and / or in another room of the building 100. Preferably, detection areas 34 can be provided for detecting the event, which, starting from sensor elements 30.1 of the heating mats 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, have a height H of greater than or equal to 10 mm, preferably of greater than or equal to 25 mm, particularly preferably of greater than or equal to 40 mm.FIG. 10 shows a sequence of an assembly method 400 according to the invention in a schematic illustration of method steps 401 to 410 in a further exemplary embodiment. FIGS. 11 ato gfurther show the method steps 401 to 410 in an illustrated representation.The assembly method 400 comprises cutting 401 the first heating mat 4.1, which is to be laid in a room 101 of a building 100. As shown in FIG. 11c, the space 101 has a special space geometry 101.1, which can be caused, for example, by a chimney running on the space 101. In order to equip a surface of the room 101 with a surface heating system 1.1 and / or a surface sensor system 1.2 as extensively as possible despite the room geometry 101.1, it is advantageous to cut a heating mat 4.1 of the surface heating system 1.1 according to the room geometry 101.1 according to a method step 401. In this case, cutting 401 to size of the first heating mat 4.1 can take place, for example, along predetermined setpoint cutting lines 15, so that a function of the first heating mat 4.1 is maintained. It is thus conceivable for the first heating mat 4.1 to have an electric heating means 20 for heating the room 101 and a detection means 30 for detecting an event 3 within the room 101. The setpoint cutting lines 15 can thus run along individual sensor elements 30.1 of the detection means 30 and / or along individual resistor elements 21 of the electric heating means 20. As a result, the function of the remaining resistor elements 21 and / or of the remaining sensor elements 30.1 can be maintained, in particular if these are still connected to an electrical connection 40.Before or after the cutting 401, a fastening 402 of a respective sound-absorbing layer 50 and / or of a respective sealing layer 60 to the first and at least one second heating mat 4.1, 4.2 is furthermore provided. The fastening 402 is effected by adhering the sound-absorbing layer 50 to a first side of the respective heating mat 4.1, 4.2 and by adhering the sealing layer 60 to an opposite side of the respective heating mat 4.1, 4.2. As a result, the first and / or the second heating mat 4.1, 4.2 can already be completely prepared before laying 403, 404, so that at least one structural modification is no longer necessary or is only necessary to a limited extent. Furthermore, the assembly method 400 comprises laying 403 the first heating mat 4.1 on a structural element 102 of the room 101. The structural element 102 can preferably be a raw floor of the building 100. In this case, the first heating mat 4.1 can be placed on the space geometry 101.1 in a cut-to-size form, so that the largest possible area of the space 101 can be covered for detecting the event 3 or for heating the space 101. After the laying 403 of the first heating mat 4.1, at least the second heating mat 4.2 is laid 404 next to the first heating mat 4.1 on the structural element 102 of the building 100. Furthermore, 404.1 of an electrical connection 40.1 of the first heating mat 4.1 to the second heating mat 4.2 is provided, so that the function of the electrical heating means 20 and / or of the detection means 30 of the second heating mat 4.2 is coupled to the first heating mat 4.1. Furthermore, an adhesive bonding 405 of the first heating mat 4.1 to the second heating mat 4.2 is provided, wherein the first and second heating mats 4.1, 4.2 are fastened in an edge region 12 of the heating mats 4.1, 4.2. In particular, the first and second heating mats 4.1, 4.2 can be arranged overlapping during laying 403, 404, so that the adhesive bonding 405 can take place in a planar manner. In this way, in addition to the electrical connection 40.1, a mechanical connection of the first and second heating mats 4.1, 4.2 can be ensured. Preferably, the electrical connection 40.1 can be a reversible and / or positive connection, so that a mechanical strength of the surface heating 1.1 or of the surface sensor system 1.2 is improved. For the configuration of the surface heating system 1.1, further heating mats 4.3 can preferably be coupled to the first and / or second heating mat 4.1, 4.2. Furthermore, the assembly method 401 comprises connecting 406 the first heating mat 4.1 to an energy source 2. the connection 406 of the first heating mat 4.1 to the energy source 2 can preferably be carried out by connecting the first heating mat 4.1 to a control unit 22, by means of which the first heating mat 4.1 is indirectly connected to the energy source 2, which can be a power network, for example. The energy supply can thus be regulated, in particular regulated, simultaneously by the control unit 22. The control unit 22 can be arranged in a flush-mounted box of the room 101 and / or of the building 100. Subsequently, a functional covering 103 is applied 407 also for the first and second heating mats 4.1, 4.2. In particular, the functional covering 103 is an screed. As a result, the floor of the room 101 is straightened and unevennesses which can arise, for example, as a result of the installation of the surface heating system 1.1, are compensated for. In addition, the surface heating 1.1 is at least partially protected by the functional covering 103. A visible covering 104 is then applied 408 so that the floor of the room 101 can be equipped with a carpet, a parking lot or the like, for example. The connection 406 of the first heating mat 4.1 to the energy source 2 can be effected, for example, before or after the application 408 of the visible covering 104. Furthermore, calibration 409 of detection means 30 can preferably take place after application 408 of visual covering 104, actual sensor data 409.1 being ascertained and being compared with reference sensor data 409.2 or being stored as reference sensor data 409.2. The reference sensor data 409.2 can, for example, map an actual state which can be present without the presence of a person in the space 101, so that the presence of a person in the space 101 causes a deviation of the measurement data of the detection means 30 and detection can take place. Preferably also after the application 408 of the visible covering 104, a calibration 410 of the electric heating means 20 of the first heating mat 4.1 is provided, wherein an actual temperature 410.1 is determined and compared with a predefined setpoint temperature 410.2. The predefined setpoint temperature 410.2 can be, for example, a measured room temperature, so that an offset of the actual temperature 410.1 to the room temperature can be determined and thus the electric heating medium 20 can be adapted to the circumstances of the room 101 and in particular of the functional and / or the visual covering 103, 104 of the floor. Thus, a surface heating system 1.1 and in particular a surface sensor system 1.2 can be created in a simple manner by an assembly method 400 according to the invention, wherein, for example, the heating mats 4.1, 4.2 can be prefabricated when they are delivered to the building 100 and can thus be laid in a simple manner.The foregoing explanation of the embodiments describes the present invention solely by way of examples. Of course, individual features of the embodiments can be freely combined with one another, insofar as technically expedient, without departing from the scope of the present invention.List of reference characters1.1 Surface heating 1.2 Surface sensor system 2 Energy source 3 Event 4 Heating mat 4.1 First heating mat 4.2 Second heating mat 4.3 Further heating mat 10 Base unit 11 Carrier element 11.1 First base side 11.2 Second base side 12 Edge region 13 Central region 14.1 First protective layer 14.2 Second protective layer 14.3 Further protective layer 15 Setpoint cutting line 20 Electrical heating means 21 Resistance element 21.1 Carbon 21.2 Filler 22 Control unit 23 Heating conducting element 24 Temperature sensor 30 Detection means 30.1 Sensor element 31 Electrode 32 Decentralized evaluation unit 33 Central control unit 34 Detection region 35 Data line 35.1 Ring section 35.2 Supply section 36 Data connection 37 Passage element 40 Electrical connection 40.1 Electrical connection 41 Connection interface 42 Conductor track 43 Mating connection interface 44 Fastening interface 45 Heating connection 50 Sound damping layer 60 sealing layer 60.1 fiber layer 70 adhesive layer 71 adhesive tape 71.1 first adhesive area 71.2 second adhesive area 80 external computing unit 81 mobile terminal 90 connecting means 93 counterconnecting means 100 building 101 room 102 component 103 functional covering 104 visual covering 110 delimiting element 400 method for providing an electro-based function 409.1 actual sensor data 409.2 target sensor data 410.1 actual temperature 410.2 target temperature A bending angle R bending radius T1-Tn time points

Claims

Mounting method (400) for mounting a surface heating system (1.1) in a room (101) of a building (100), comprising the following steps: - laying (403) a first heating mat (4.1) with an electrical heating means (20) on a structural element (102) of the building (100), - laying (404) a second heating mat (4.2) with a further electrical heating means (20) next to the first heating mat (4.1) on the structural element (102) of the building (100) and producing (404.1) an electrical connection (40.1) of the first heating mat (4.1) to the second heating mat (4.2), wherein the electrical connection (40.1) comprises a parallel connection of the electrical heating means (20) of the first and second heating mats (4.1, 4.2), - connecting (406) at least the first heating mat (4.1) to an energy source (2), characterized in that, the first and second heating mats (4.1, 4.2) each have a detection means (30) for detecting an event (3), wherein the detection means (30) are likewise connected when establishing (404.1) the electrical connection (40.1).Assembly method (400) according to Claim 1, characterized in that the electrical connection (40.1) is a positively locking and / or reversible connection.Assembly method (400) according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterised in that the first heating mat (4.1), in particular when connecting (406) to the energy source (2), is connected to a control unit (22), by means of which at least one function of the first and / or the second heating mat (4.1, 4.2) can be controlled.The assembly method (400) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the assembly method (400) comprises the following step: - fastening (402) a sound attenuation layer (50) and / or a sealing layer (60) to the first and / or second heating mat (4.1, 4.2).Assembly method (400) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first and second heating mats (4.1, 4.2) are laid overlapping, in particular wherein the following step is provided: - adhesive bonding (405) of the first and second heating mats (4.1, 4.2) in each case in at least one edge region (12) of the first and second heating mats (4.1, 4.2)The mounting method (400) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the mounting method (400) further comprises the following step: - calibrating (410) the electric heating means (20), in particular only, the first heating mat (4.1), wherein an actual temperature (410.1) is determined and compared with a predetermined desired temperature (410.2).Assembly method (400) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the detection means (30) are designed for capacitive detection of the event (3).Mounting method (400) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the mounting method (400) further comprises the following step: - calibrating (409) the detection means (30), in particular only, the first heating mat (4.1), wherein actual sensor data (409.1) are determined and are compared with reference sensor data (409.2) or are stored as reference sensor data (409.2).Mounting method (400) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the mounting method (400) comprises the following step: - cutting (401), in particular along at least one setpoint cutting line (15), the first and / or the second heating mat (4.1, 4.2), so that the first and / or second heating mat (4.1, 4.2) is adapted to a spatial geometry (101.1) and at the same time a function of the electric heating means (20) and / or of the detection means (30) of the first and / or second heating mat (4.1, 4.2) is at least partially maintained.Mounting method (400) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the mounting method (400), in particular before the calibration (409, 410) of the electric heating means (20) and / or of the detection means (30), further comprises at least one of the following steps: - application (407) of a functional covering (103) to the first and second heating mats (4.1, 4.2), in particular wherein the functional covering (103) is a screed, - application (408) of a visible covering (104).Surface heating (1.1), in particular floor heating (1.1), characterized in that the surface heating (1.1) is mounted in a room (101) of a building (100) by an assembly method (400) according to one of the preceding claims.

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