Explosive packaging method for packaging a molded body containing explosives

Abstract

Explosive packaging method for packaging an explosive-containing molded body with an explosive and an outgassing additive in the form of a marking agent, comprising the following steps: I. Providing a foil bag (11) comprising two foil layers (5, 6) which are joined together along a first, a second and a third side (7, 8, 9), wherein the foil layers (5, 6) are welded together on two of the sides (8, 9) and there is a seamless transition between the two foil layers (5, 6) along a third of the sides (9) and wherein the foil bag (11) has an opening (13) along a fourth side (12); II. Forming the foil bag (11) to receive an explosive-containing molded body through the opening (13); III. Inserting the molded part into the foil bag (11); wherein the insertion is carried out using pliers, by means of which a distance is maintained between the explosive molded part and the foil bag (11) during the insertion of the molded part; IV. Vacuum sealing and diffusion-tight welding of the foil bag (11) along the opening (13) by applying at least one line weld (15), wherein the foil bag provided in step I is formed from a composite film (4) comprising at least a diffusion barrier layer (2) and a weldable material; and wherein the marking agent is dimethyl dinitro butane and that the diffusion barrier layer (2) is designed to prevent the diffusion of this marking agent.

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to an explosive packaging method for packaging a shaped body containing an explosive.

[0002] Molded articles containing explosives, such as plastic explosives, are currently tightly wrapped in foil or paper and then sealed with a self-adhesive label. While these foils often have a metal coating, the area where the opening is sealed with a label is particularly exposed to higher diffusion losses due to toxic marking materials evaporating from the molded article.

[0003] Other approaches involve placing the molded bodies between two layers of film and sealing them at a large distance from the edges, so that the sealing area is outside the contact area of ​​the molded body. However, molded bodies packaged in this way are difficult to store in warehouses. Portioning is also usually difficult because there is no tight-fitting packaging material, but rather a square, wide-area film bag with the molded body in the center.

[0004] Further relevant prior art can be found in DE 1 925 763 U and DE 1 181 108 B.

[0005] Based on this preliminary consideration, the object of the present invention is to provide an explosive packaging method for packaging a shaped body containing an explosive with an explosive and a gas-emitting additive, which is easy to store and better portionable and at the same time reliably protects the user from gas-emitting additives during longer storage.

[0006] The invention solves the present problem by an explosive packaging method having the features of claim 1.

[0007] A molded article containing an explosive, packaged according to the method according to the invention, comprises the molded article with an explosive and a degassing additive in the form of a marking agent. The molded article can be designed, for example, as a plastic explosive.

[0008] The packaged molded body further comprises packaging. This packaging comprises a film bag made of a composite film. The composite film comprises at least one diffusion barrier layer and a sealable material.

[0009] It can be a layered composite film in which a diffusion barrier layer, e.g. made of metal, is provided and a layer of the weldable material.

[0010] However, it can also be a composite film with only one layer, namely the diffusion barrier layer. This is the case, for example, when metal particles are embedded in a plastic matrix material, thus forming a diffusion barrier. In this case, the plastic matrix material is weldable, and the combination of metal particles and plastic is understood as a composite within the scope of the present invention.

[0011] The film bag has an opening through which the molded body can be inserted into the film bag. This opening is sealed by a first linear weld seam. The weld seam can be positioned close to the product on the molded body, i.e., at a distance of less than 2 cm from an inner surface of the film bag that is in contact with the molded body.

[0012] Such a close arrangement of a weld seam after the insertion of a molded article into a package was previously unknown. This can improve the storage life of the molded articles.

[0013] According to the invention, the molded body is vacuum-packed in the film bag. This is particularly advantageous because it prevents side reactions with oxygen or the like. At the same time, the film bag fits tightly around the molded body, allowing for better portioning of the molded body by cutting through the film bag.

[0014] Since the marking agent according to the invention is dimethyl dinitrobutane, the diffusion barrier layer is designed to prevent the diffusion of this marking agent.

[0015] Further advantageous embodiments of the invention are the subject of the subclaims.

[0016] A metallic layer, particularly an aluminum layer, can preferably be used as the diffusion barrier layer. Metals are excellent barrier layers. They can be arranged in a film with a thin layer thickness, thus maintaining the film's flexibility. Alternatively, a polyamide and / or EVOH layer can be used as the diffusion barrier layer. However, a greater layer thickness must be selected in this case.

[0017] The sealable material can be formed, in particular, as a layer, preferably a polyethylene layer. It can be arranged only in the area of ​​the opening to save material, or it can extend over the entire interior of the film bag, allowing the sealing area to be freely selected depending on the outer contour of the molded body.

[0018] The composite film can advantageously have a support layer made of a polymeric material, in particular polyethylene terephthalate. This support layer stabilizes the diffusion barrier layer, preventing it from tearing at low layer thicknesses and simultaneously allowing the film bag to remain flexible.

[0019] The film bag can have a second line weld parallel to the first line weld to form a second closure barrier should the first line weld come loose.

[0020] Since the welding tool only comes into brief contact with the film bag, creating a surface weld seam is difficult. To avoid excessive heat input, which is even more unfavorable in the case of a metallic diffusion barrier layer and the associated good thermal conductivity, it is therefore advantageous if the first and / or second linear weld seam has a seam width of less than 3 mm, preferably less than 2.5 mm.

[0021] The distance between the first line weld and the second line weld should be as small as possible so that even if the first line weld is partially damaged, it still provides a sealing effect for other areas of the opening. A distance of less than 2 cm, preferably less than 1 cm, has proven to be optimal.

[0022] The distance between the first linear weld seam and the molded body and / or an inner surface of the film bag in contact with the molded body can advantageously be less than 1 cm. This also avoids excessive material overhang, so that, for example, in the case of a rod-shaped molded body, it can be easily pushed into a transport sleeve. Excessive material overhang would only be a hindrance in this case.

[0023] The film bag can have two surface welds on the edges with a seam width of at least 3.5 mm. Even if the film bag is folded at the edges, the surface welds provide a secure connection. The surface welds can be advantageously applied before filling the film bag.

[0024] The film bag can consist of two interconnected film layers of the composite film and be welded on three sides, i.e., the opening side and the adjacent sides, and have a seamless, in particular weld-seamless, transition between the first and second film layers along the fourth side. This weld-seamless transition is advantageous because during production, e.g., when folding the film bag with a stamp, a weld seam cannot come loose or weaken at this point.

[0025] A method according to the invention for packaging a shaped body containing explosives comprises the following steps: I. Providing a film bag comprising two film layers which are connected to one another along a first, a second and a third side, wherein the film layers are welded to one another at the sides and there is a seamless transition between the two film layers along a third side and wherein the film bag has an opening along a fourth side; II. Shaping the film bag to receive a shaped body through the opening, preferably by means of a stamp; III. Inserting the molded body into the foil bag IV. Vacuuming and diffusion-tight sealing of the film bag along the opening by applying a linear weld seam.

[0026] Further advantages, features, and details of the invention will become apparent from the following description, in which an exemplary embodiment of the invention is explained in more detail with reference to the drawings. Those skilled in the art will expediently consider the features disclosed in the drawings, the description, and the claims in combination individually and combine them into useful further combinations.

[0027] They show: Fig. 1 Top view of a foil bag for packaging a molded article containing an explosive; Fig. 2 View of a packaged shaped article containing an explosive; and Fig. 3 Layer sequence of a film layer of the packaging.

[0028] Fig. Figure 1 shows a package for packaging a molded article containing an explosive. The package 1 has at least one diffusion barrier layer.

[0029] The diffusion barrier layer 2 can preferably be formed as a plastic layer made of polyamide or EVOH, a plastic with dispersed metal particles, and / or a metal layer. In the case of a metal layer, an aluminum layer is particularly preferred. The metal layer can have a layer thickness of at least 3 µm, preferably at least 5 µm, in particular 6 to 20 µm. Testing can be carried out according to DIN EN 10204.

[0030] If polyamide or EVOH is used, the preferred layer thickness is at least 18 µm, preferably between 20 and 55 µm.

[0031] In addition to the aforementioned diffusion barrier layer 2, the packaging 1 can have a polymeric support layer 3, for example made of polyethylene terephthalate. The support layer 3 can preferably be colored, in particular green, e.g., moss green, black-green, or gray-green, as camouflage colors, e.g., for land forces. For this purpose, the support layer can have a laminating agent. Alternatively, the laminating agent can also be arranged as a separate layer between the diffusion barrier layer 2 and the polymeric support layer 3. The polymeric support layer can have a layer thickness of at least 5 µm, preferably 7 to 20 µm.

[0032] The diffusion barrier layer 2 comprises further layers of a weldable polymeric material, which is designed to be weldable. However, in the case of the diffusion barrier layer 2 with dispersed metal particles, it is also conceivable that the plastic in which the metal particles are dispersed is itself weldable.

[0033] The packaging is designed as a film, preferably as a composite film 4, comprising at least the diffusion barrier layer and, at least on one side, the layer 20 made of the polymeric, weldable material. This can be a heat-sealing layer. A preferred material for the heat-sealing layer is polyethylene, which can be contained in the material of the heat-sealing layer at least to a weight of 30%, preferably more than 90%. This layer 20 can have a layer thickness of at least 40 µm, preferably between 50-100 µm, particularly preferably between 60 and 90 µm. The material and layer thickness can be detected by IR spectroscopy and based on DIN 55543-1.

[0034] The packaging in Fig. 1 is designed as a film bag 11. One film layer has been folded and / or folded so that two film layers 5 and 6 are placed on top of each other, thus creating a sealed first bag side 7 with a seamless transition between the two film layers 5 and 6.

[0035] At the edge of the first seamless bag side, the film bag layers 5 and 6 are each connected to two bag sides 8 and 9 by a surface weld seam 10. This surface weld seam preferably extends over the entire side length of the respective bag side 8 or 9.

[0036] The respective surface weld seam 10 has a seam width n of at least 3.5 mm, preferably 5 mm, over the length of the surface weld seam.

[0037] For filling the film bag 11, an opening 13 is provided along one side 12 of the bag, through which the film bag 11 can be filled.

[0038] To fill the film bag 11, a stamp in the shape of the molded body containing the explosive is first inserted into the film bag and thereby the first side of the bag is formed into a surface which corresponds to a partial area of ​​the outer contour of the respective molded body.

[0039] In the case of a cylindrical rod, the surface is modeled on a partial area of ​​the lateral surface of the cylindrical rod and in the case of a cuboid-shaped body, the surface is essentially formed as a rectangle.

[0040] At the same time, the punch widens the opening 13 and takes on the shape of the molded body.

[0041] The explosive-containing molded body is then inserted through the opening 13 into the foil bag 11. According to the invention, the insertion is carried out using pliers, which maintain a distance between the explosive-containing molded body and the foil bag 11 during insertion of the molded body.

[0042] In order to prevent the foil bags 11 deformed by the stamp from collapsing, a box mold can be used, which can be temporarily inserted into the interior of the foil bags and removed again after the insertion of the molded body.

[0043] By deforming the film bag 11 by the stamp and by using the pliers, contamination of the inside of the film bag 11 in an insertion area 14 by explosives can be prevented.

[0044] The film bag 11 is then vacuumed. For this purpose, air is removed from the film bag. This causes the inner sides of film layers 5 and 6 to lie even more tightly together in the insertion area 14.

[0045] Finally, the film bag 11 is sealed with a first linear weld 15. A vacuum pulse process can be used for this. Care must be taken to ensure that the welding area is free of ignitable explosives. The linear weld is positioned close to the product and opposite the explosive-containing molded body, i.e., preferably at a distance of less than 2 cm from the molded body, preferably less than 1 cm from the molded body, in particular between 2 and 8 mm from the molded body.

[0046] The line weld seam 15 has a seam width of less than 3 mm, preferably less than 2.5 mm.

[0047] A second linear weld 16, which runs essentially parallel to the first linear weld 15, is arranged on the side of the first linear weld 15 facing away from the molded body. The distance between the two linear welds is less than 2 cm, preferably less than 1 cm, preferably between 0.3 and 0.9 mm.

[0048] When producing the first line weld 15 and possibly also the second line weld 16, the area of ​​the film bag 11 between the first line weld and the molded body is cooled by a cooling strip, e.g. a clamping strip, so that heat input between the welding device and the molded body is reduced.

[0049] An example of a ready-packaged shaped body containing explosives is shown in Fig. 2 shown.

[0050] The molded body itself is in Fig. 2 is hidden by the packaging 1, but its shape is easily recognizable due to the outer contour.

[0051] It can be manufactured, for example, by extrusion or slurry molding. The molded body is preferably plastic and dimensionally stable.

[0052] In addition to the explosive, the molded body also contains a marker, particularly an odorant, which allows the molded body to be detected in the unpackaged state, for example, by dogs. This marker can particularly preferably be dimethyl dinitrobutane (DMDNB).

[0053] Other ingredients in the molded body may include the explosive, e.g., pentaerythritol tetranitrate (PETN), also known as nitropenta, as well as plasticizers, desensitizers, and / or metallic soap, as well as other substances. However, other compounds and / or mixtures can also be used as explosives.

[0054] The known and widely used marking agents are usually harmful to health and, depending on their type, have a high vapor pressure. In other words, the molded body outgases, causing the marking agent to escape from the molded body. This leads to increased exposure to these harmful gases when entering an explosives depot.

[0055] Packaging 1 preferably exhibits oil resistance according to DIN ISO 1817 (with a disc diameter of 60 mm and a treatment of 72 hours at 70°C with ASTM Oil No. 3). This means, in particular, no penetration of the heat-sealing layer, no swelling of the packaging material, no delamination, and no embrittlement of the packaging.

[0056] Furthermore, the welding process must be optimized so that the seal seam strength, especially the seal seam strength in the area of ​​the first and / or second linear weld seam, is more than 20 (N per 15 mm area), preferably more than 30 (N per 15 mm area) according to DIN 55529 (Section 2.1.1). A strip with a measuring length of 100 mm and a width of 15 mm is used. The test speed is 100 mm / min with a 10% error tolerance. At least five measured values ​​are taken.

[0057] The penetration force in N is more than 5 N, preferably between 6 and 40 N, according to DIN EN 14477.

[0058] The water vapor permeability can be verified according to DIN EN ISO 15106-3. It should preferably be less than 0.05 g / (m 2 ×d). d stands for the unit "day," i.e., 24 hours.

[0059] The packaged explosive-containing shaped body can be pushed through a calibration sleeve, with the line weld seams 15 and 16 facing the outer surface of the sleeve.

[0060] Fig. 3 shows again a layer sequence of a film for the design variants of the Fig. 1 and Fig. 2.

[0061] Arrow 100 indicates the stacking direction of the composite film 4 from an outer side to an inner side, which may be in contact with the molded body. The composite film comprises the outer support layer 3, the diffusion barrier layer 2, and the layer 20 of a polymeric weldable material on the inner side of the composite film in contact with the molded body.

[0062] The layer 20 can also be arranged only in the region of the first and / or second linear weld seam 15, 16 and not extend further into the interior of the film bag 11.

[0063] A pre-packaged shaped body 18 containing an explosive agent can have at least one, preferably two tear-open segments 17, e.g. tear-open tabs, or notches on the edge.

[0064] Furthermore, the packaged explosive-containing shaped body 18 has a dosage indication, e.g. a section indication 19 regarding the weight of a separated shaped body portion.

[0065] This can preferably be applied to the packaging 1 before packaging with the molded body, in particular by laser marking. Alternatively, a label 21 with the section number 19 and, if applicable, other designations can also be applied.

[0066] As a result, a shaped body containing an explosive with a defined material state and defined geometry is provided with a packaging 1 with a corresponding geometry.

[0067] The packaged molded body is sealed against the release of explosives and toxic marking agents, as well as against the ingress of water, steam, and other contaminants. Overall, this increases handling and functional safety for the user. The watertightness of the packaging also allows the packaged molded body containing explosives to be used underwater.

[0068] The vacuum-sealed film further stabilizes the molded body. Reference symbol 1 packaging 2 Diffusion barrier layer 3 support layer 4 Composite film 5 film layers 6 film layers 7 first side of the bag 8 Bag side 9 Bag side 10 Surface weld 11 foil bags 12 bag side 13 Opening 14 Insertion area 15 Line weld 16 Line weld 17 tear-off segments 18 packaged molded body 19 Section reference 20 layers of polymeric weldable material 21 label 100 arrows

Claims

[1] Explosive packaging method for packaging an explosive-containing shaped body with an explosive and a gas-emitting additive in the form of a marking agent, comprising the following steps: I. Providing a film bag (11) comprising two film layers (5, 6) which are connected to one another along a first, a second and a third side (7, 8, 9), wherein the film layers (5, 6) are welded to one another on two of the sides (8, 9) and there is a seamless transition between the two film layers (5, 6) along a third of the sides (9), and wherein the film bag (11) has an opening (13) along a fourth side (12); II. Shaping the film bag (11) to receive a shaped body containing an explosive through the opening (13); III. Inserting the molded body into the foil bag (11); the insertion being carried out by means of pliers, by means of which a distance is maintained between the explosive-containing molded body and the foil bag (11) during the insertion of the molded body; IV. Vacuuming and diffusion-tight welding of the film bag (11) along the opening (13) by applying at least one linear weld seam (15), wherein the film bag provided in step I is formed from a composite film (4) comprising at least one diffusion barrier layer (2) and a weldable material; and wherein the marking agent is dimethyl dinitro butane and that the diffusion barrier layer (2) is designed to prevent the diffusion of this marking agent. [2] Explosive packaging method according to claim 1, characterized bythat the opening (13) is welded by at least one first linear weld seam (15) at a distance of less than 2 cm from an inner surface of the film bag (11) in contact with the shaped body. [3] Explosive packaging method according to claim 1, characterized by that the diffusion barrier layer (2) is a metallic layer, in particular an aluminum layer, or is a polyamide or EVOH layer. [4] Explosive packaging method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the weldable material (20) is arranged as a layer, preferably as a polyethylene layer, at least in the region of the opening (13). [5] Explosive packaging method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the composite film (4) has a supporting layer (3) made of a polymeric material, in particular of polyethylene terephthalate. [6] Explosive packaging method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the film bag (11) has a second line weld seam (16) parallel to the first line weld seam (15). [7] Explosive packaging method according to claim 6, characterized by that the first and / or second linear weld seam (15, 16) has a seam width of less than 3 mm, preferably less than 2.5 mm. [8] Explosive packaging method according to claim 6 or 7, characterized by that the first line weld seam (15) has a distance of less than 2 cm, preferably less than 1 cm, from the second line weld seam (16). [9] Explosive packaging method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the distance of the first linear weld seam (15) to the molded body and / or an inner surface of the film bag (11) in contact with the molded body is less than 1 cm. [10] Explosive packaging method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized bythat the film bag (11) has two surface weld seams (10) on the edge with a seam width of at least 3.5 mm.

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