Flat composite material, packaging jacket and packaging with curved edges

Abstract

A planar composite material (1') for producing a packing (20) is shown and described, comprising: a polymer outer layer, a polymer inner layer, a fiber-containing support layer arranged between the polymer outer layer and the polymer inner layer, wherein the planar composite material (1') has a plurality of fold lines arranged and designed such that a closed packing (20) can be produced by folding the planar composite material (1') along the fold lines and by joining seam surfaces of the planar composite material (1'), a shell surface (3) comprising a front surface (14), a first side surface (16A), a second side surface (16B), a first rear surface (15A) and a second rear surface (15B), bottom surfaces (5) comprising triangular bottom surfaces (5') and quadrilateral bottom surfaces (5''), and gable surfaces (6).wherein the gable surfaces (6) comprise triangular gable surfaces (6') and quadrilateral gable surfaces (6''), the bottom surfaces (5) and the gable surfaces (6) being arranged on opposite sides of the lateral surface (3). The production of packings with even more complex geometries without impairing the stiffness of the packing is to be achieved by a third lateral fold line (18''') having several sections (I, II, III, IV) each adjoining a side surface (16A, 16B) and a rear surface (15A, 15B), of which at least one section (II, III) is curved and of which at least one section (I, IV) is straight. Also shown and described are a packing shell (9') made of a composite material and a packing (20) made of a composite material, produced from the composite material (1') or the packing shell (9').

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a planar composite material for producing a packing, comprising: a polymer outer layer, a polymer inner layer, a fiber-containing carrier layer arranged between the polymer outer layer and the polymer inner layer, wherein the planar composite material has a plurality of fold lines arranged and configured such that a closed packing can be produced by folding the planar composite material along the fold lines and by joining seam surfaces of the planar composite material, a shell surface, wherein the shell surface comprises a front surface, a first side surface, a second side surface, a first rear surface and a second rear surface, bottom surfaces, wherein the bottom surfaces comprise triangular bottom surfaces and quadrilateral bottom surfaces, and gable surfaces, wherein the gable surfaces comprise triangular gable surfaces and quadrilateral gable surfaces.wherein the floor surfaces and the gable surfaces are arranged on opposite sides of the shell surface.

[0002] The invention further relates to a packaging shell made of a composite material for producing a package, comprising: a shell surface, wherein the shell surface comprises a front surface, a first side surface, a second side surface, a first rear surface and a second rear surface; bottom surfaces, wherein the bottom surfaces comprise triangular bottom surfaces and square bottom surfaces; gable surfaces, wherein the gable surfaces comprise triangular gable surfaces and square gable surfaces; two false fold lines running parallel to each other through the shell surface; and a longitudinal seam joining two edge regions of the composite material to form a circumferential packaging shell, which is open in both the region of the bottom surfaces and in the region of the gable surfaces, wherein the bottom surfaces and the gable surfaces are arranged on opposite sides of the shell surface, and wherein the packaging shell is folded along both false fold lines.

[0003] Finally, the invention relates to a packing made of a composite material, wherein the packing is made of a planar composite material according to the preamble of claim 1, or wherein the packing is made of a packing shell according to the preamble of claim 13, and wherein the packing is closed in the area of ​​the bottom surfaces and in the area of ​​the gable surfaces. In particular, it can be provided that the packing is made of a planar composite material according to any one of claims 1 to 12, or that the packing is made of a packing shell according to any one of claims 13 to 17, and wherein the packing is closed in the area of ​​the bottom surfaces and in the area of ​​the gable surfaces.

[0004] Packaging (when filled: "packs") can be manufactured in various ways and from a wide range of materials. One common method involves cutting a sheet of composite material to create a "preform," which is then folded and folded to form a outer layer and finally a complete package. Alternatively, it is also possible to produce a package directly from the composite material—that is, without the intermediate step of creating the outer layer. This method has the advantage that the composite material and the outer layers are very flat and can therefore be stacked in a space-saving manner. This also allows the composite material and the outer layers to be manufactured in a different location than where the folding and filling of the package takes place.Composite materials are frequently used, for example, a sheet-like composite made of several thin layers of paper, cardboard, plastic and / or metal, especially aluminum. Such packaging is particularly widespread in the food industry.

[0005] A first manufacturing step often involves cutting a sheet of composite material into a blank and then folding and welding or gluing a seam to create a surrounding package sleeve. The folding is usually done along embossed fold lines. The position of these fold lines often corresponds to the position of the edges of the package to be produced from the sleeve. This has the advantage that the sheet of composite material, or the blank produced from it, and the package sleeve are folded only at points that are already folded in the finished package. A method for producing a package from a package sleeve is known, for example, from WO 2015 / 003852 A9 (there, in particular, Fig. 1A to Fig. 1E). The packing described there has a rectangular cross-sectional area and is cuboid overall.

[0006] One disadvantage of folding the packaging outer layers along the intended edges is that only packages with rectangular cross-sectional areas can be produced. Furthermore, only packages with a cross-sectional area identical in the vertical direction of the package can be manufactured. Alternative designs, such as curves or freeform shapes instead of edges, are not possible.

[0007] To allow for more variable shaping, packaging sleeves have also been proposed whose folded edges do not correspond to the edges of the package produced from the sleeve. This is achieved by folding the sleeve along so-called "false fold lines," which are folded back during the manufacturing process and thus do not form any edges of the package. This makes it possible to produce packages whose surface has no edges, or at least no straight edges. Such packaging sleeves and packages produced from them are known, for example, from DE 10 2016 003 824 A1 (there in particular Fig. 2A to Fig. 3G').

[0008] Although the use of "pseudo-fold lines" allows for somewhat greater flexibility in designing the shape of the outer surface of a package, pseudo-fold lines do not contribute to increasing the stiffness of the package, but can even reduce the stiffness of the package by folding and unfolding the pseudo-fold line.

[0009] Against this background, the invention is based on the objective of designing and further developing the planar composite material described at the outset and explained in more detail above in such a way that the production of packings, in particular liquid-tight packings, with even more complex geometries is made possible without impairing the stiffness of the packing.

[0010] This problem is solved in a planar composite material according to the preamble of claim 1 by a third lateral fold line, which has several sections, each adjoining a side surface and a rear surface, of which at least one section is curved and of which at least one section is straight.

[0011] The planar composite material according to the invention serves to manufacture a package. The planar composite material can be cut to a defined size, which may be sufficient for the production of several packages or only sufficient for the production of a single package. A composite material cut to a defined size—in particular, the size of a single package—is therefore also referred to as a "cutout." The planar composite material has several overlapping and interconnected layers, thus forming a planar composite. The planar composite material comprises a polymer outer layer, a polymer inner layer, and a fiber-containing carrier layer arranged between the polymer outer layer and the polymer inner layer.The polymer inner and outer layers give the composite material liquid-tight properties, as they are made of plastic. The fiber-reinforced backing layer (preferably paper or cardboard), on the other hand, primarily serves to improve the composite's mechanical properties, particularly its stiffness. Optionally, a barrier layer can also be provided, positioned between the polymer outer and inner layers (preferably between the fiber-reinforced backing layer and the polymer inner layer). This barrier layer, for example, can be made of aluminum and is intended to prevent the passage of light and / or oxygen. The sheet-like composite material has a hull comprising a front surface, a first side surface, a second side surface, a first rear surface, and a second rear surface.The sheet-like composite material also has base surfaces comprising triangular and quadrilateral base surfaces. The sheet-like composite material further comprises gable surfaces comprising triangular and quadrilateral gable surfaces. Preferably, the base surfaces and gable surfaces each have two or three quadrilateral surfaces and six triangular surfaces. The quadrilateral surfaces serve to fold the base and gable of the package. The triangular surfaces serve to fold the excess composite material into projecting "ears," which are then folded against the package. The base surfaces and gable surfaces are arranged on opposite sides of the outer surface. Preferably, in the case of an upright package, the gable surfaces are arranged above the outer surface, and the base surfaces are arranged below the outer surface.The sheet-like composite material also features numerous fold lines, arranged and designed in such a way that a closed packing can be produced by folding the sheet-like composite material along the fold lines and joining the seam surfaces of the sheet-like composite material. The fold lines (also called "creases" before folding) are intended to facilitate folding the sheet-like composite material; they can be created by weakening the material. Since the packings produced from the composite material are to be liquid-tight, the weakening is achieved not through perforations, but through (mostly linear) material displacements, which are pressed into the composite material using dies.

[0012] According to the invention, a third fold line is provided, comprising several sections, each adjoining a side surface and a rear surface, of which at least one section is curved and at least one section is straight. By providing a fold line between the side surface and the adjacent rear surface, a fold edge with a defined profile is achieved, which facilitates the manufacture of the package. Compared to a curved shape without edges, the fold edge also improves the structural properties of the package, particularly its stiffness. Furthermore, the curved profile of the fold line makes it easier to create convex or concave surfaces, thereby generating air gaps between adjacent packages that improve air circulation.By including both curved and straight sections in the third fold line, the manufacturing of the packing is simplified. It can be provided that a third fold line is formed between each of the two side faces and the adjacent rear faces, comprising several sections, each adjacent to a side face and a rear face, of which at least one section is curved and at least one section is straight. Furthermore, it can be provided that the third fold line has at least two curves directed in opposite directions, for example, a first curve towards the side face and a second curve towards the adjacent rear face ("curved edge"). This results in a further improvement in air circulation between adjacent packings.

[0013] According to the design of the sheet-like composite material, the section adjacent to the base surfaces and the section adjacent to the gable surfaces of the third fold line are straight. The use of straight sections adjacent to the base surfaces and gable surfaces is particularly advantageous, as it allows for the use of simpler tools for producing the bases and gables of the packings.

[0014] According to a further embodiment, at least two sections of the third fold line have opposite directions of curvature. In particular, one section may be curved towards the rear surface and the other towards the side surface. In this way, a package with both convex and concave surfaces can be achieved. Preferably, the section of the third fold line curved towards the side surface is positioned above the section of the third fold line curved towards the rear surface. This results in a wide, concave rear surface in the upper region – particularly in the upper half – of the package. Since the packages preferably have a narrow, convex front surface in their upper region – particularly in the upper half – several packages can be stacked in a space-saving manner.They can be placed one behind the other to achieve good space utilization. Furthermore, by using opposite directions of curvature, the reduced filling volume caused by one direction of curvature can be compensated for by the other direction, so that the packaging height can remain unchanged for a given packaging volume.

[0015] Another embodiment of the sheet-like composite material is characterized by two false fold lines that run parallel to each other through the surface. False fold lines are understood to be fold lines that, unlike ordinary fold lines, do not form edges of the package but are arranged between the edges of the package, for example, in the side faces. False fold lines serve to create a package shell from the composite material, which is preferably folded flat along two false fold lines in order to be stacked and transported in the most space-saving way possible.

[0016] In one embodiment of the planar composite material, the lateral surface is provided to have at least one relief surface located between the front surface and one of the two side surfaces. The relief surface serves to create the smoothest possible transition between the front surface and the side surface. Preferably, the relief surface extends over the entire height of the lateral surface, i.e., from the bottom surfaces to the gable surfaces, and thus separates the front surface from the two side surfaces. The technical benefit of the relief surfaces is that, compared to a 90° edge of a cuboid packing, the composite material requires less folding or creasing, since the transition from the front surface to the two side surfaces is achieved via two less sharply angled ("blunter") edges.This results in less stress on the composite material and, in particular, a reduced risk of torn or broken fibers in the fiber-reinforced backing layer (paper or cardboard layer) of the composite material. Preferably, the outer surface has two relief surfaces arranged between the front surface and each of the two side surfaces. These relief surfaces also create a gap or space between adjacent packages—unlike cuboid packages—through which air can circulate. This has the advantage of reducing the risk of mold growth due to moisture.Another advantage of relief surfaces is that the surfaces adjacent to the relief surfaces can be made narrower and therefore more stable, resulting in increased grip stiffness when pouring the filled package.

[0017] In a further development of the sheet-like composite material, it is provided that at least one stress-relieving surface in the area of ​​the base surfaces adjoins a rectangular base surface, and in the area of ​​the gable surfaces, it adjoins a triangular gable surface. The triangular surfaces in the base and gable areas are typically assigned to the side surfaces of a sheet-like composite material and therefore adjoin the side surfaces of the packing produced from it. The rectangular surfaces in the base and gable areas, on the other hand, are typically assigned to the front and rear surfaces of a sheet-like composite material and therefore adjoin the front and back surfaces of the packing produced from it.By having the relief surface border a different surface in the base area than in the gable area, the lower part of the relief surface corresponds to the front of the packaging, while its upper part corresponds to the side of the packaging. The relief surface thus "winds" around an (imaginary) vertical edge of the packaging. This design of the relief surfaces has the advantage that the previously described technical effects (reduced stress on the composite material, improved air circulation) occur on both sides of the packaging, not just one. Alternatively or additionally, it can be provided that at least one relief surface borders a triangular base surface in the base area and a quadrilateral gable surface in the gable area.Preferably, the adjacent surfaces do not merely touch at a single point, but rather border each other along a line – that is, along a distance.

[0018] According to a further embodiment of the planar composite material, a first fold line is provided between at least one relief surface and the adjacent front surface, preferably being curved at least in sections. By providing a fold line between the relief surface and the front surface, a fold edge with a defined profile is achieved, which simplifies the manufacturing of the packing. Compared to a curved shape without edges, the fold edge also improves the structural properties of the packing, particularly its stiffness. Furthermore, the curved profile of the fold line makes it easier to create convex or concave surfaces, thereby generating air gaps between adjacent packings that improve air circulation.It may be provided that a first fold line is provided between each of the two relief surfaces and the adjacent front surface, which is preferably curved at least in sections. It may also be provided that the first fold line is curved throughout.

[0019] In a further development of the planar composite material, a second fold line is provided between at least one relief surface and the adjacent side surface. This second fold line is preferably curved, at least in sections. As previously explained in connection with the first fold line, the second fold line also creates a fold edge with a defined profile, which simplifies the manufacturing of the packing. Compared to a curved shape without edges, the fold edge also improves the structural properties of the packing, particularly its stiffness. Furthermore, the curved profile of the fold line makes it easier to create convex or concave surfaces, thereby generating air gaps between adjacent packings that improve air circulation.It may be provided that a second fold line is provided between each of the two relief surfaces and the adjacent side surfaces, which is preferably curved at least in sections. It may also be provided that the second fold line is curved throughout.

[0020] In a further embodiment of the planar composite material, at least one quadrilateral gable surface is provided, featuring two small gable angles less than 90°, two large gable angles greater than 90°, and an angle sum greater than 360°. Angles other than 90° result in a gable surface whose shape deviates from a rectangular or square form. A quadrilateral gable surface with two small (<90°) and two large (>90°) gable angles can be achieved, for example, by a trapezoid, a parallelogram, or a rhombus. An angle sum deviating from 360° can be achieved, for example, by having one or more sides of the quadrilateral gable surface be curved rather than straight (as is the case, for instance, with an arc polygon).An angle sum greater than 360° can be achieved by curving at least one side of the square gable end outwards. The base angles, on the other hand, are preferably 90°, resulting in a rectangular, and in particular square, base shape. The inventive design of the gable end has several advantages. In addition to a more visually appealing shape, it achieves the technical effect that the packages made from the sheet-like composite material can be gripped more easily with one hand, since one edge of the gable end (preferably the front edge) is shorter than the other edges (in particular the rear edge), so that the package is narrower at the front. The inventive design also leads to the technical effect that the contact area between adjacent packages (e.g.,The air gap (during transport or on the retail shelf) is smaller than with cuboid packages whose sides are almost completely in contact. In other words, a gap or space remains between adjacent packages, allowing air to circulate. This has the advantage of reducing the risk of mold growth due to moisture. Furthermore, by ensuring the sum of the angles is greater than 360°, more space is available for a pouring spout. Preferably, the square gable end has an angle sum of at least 370°, particularly at least 380°, and preferably at least 390°. Angle sums in the range between 390° and 410° have proven advantageous.

[0021] According to a further development of the planar composite material, at least one of the rectangular gable faces is approximately trapezoidal. By making the gable face of the composite material approximately trapezoidal, the gable of the resulting package also becomes trapezoidal. The trapezoidal shape has the advantage that one of the two parallel sides or edges (preferably the front edge of the gable) is shorter than the opposite side or edge (preferably the rear edge of the gable) – unlike a rhombus, where the opposite sides are of equal length. This makes it possible to easily grasp even larger packages from the front with one hand.

[0022] A trapezoid is generally understood to be a quadrilateral in which two sides are parallel to each other. Here, trapezoidal quadrilaterals also include quadrilaterals with curved sides, provided that two of the (imaginary) lines connecting the four vertices are parallel to each other.

[0023] In one embodiment of the planar composite material, the rectangular gable end has a curved front edge adjacent to the front surface. Preferably, the front edge of the gable end is curved in the direction of the front surface when viewed from the gable end. This allows the gable end to be enlarged, which, for example, facilitates the attachment of larger diameter spouts. A curved front edge of the gable also influences the shape of the front surface of the composite material and thus also the shape of the front of a package made from the composite material. In particular, a front edge curved in the direction of the front surface allows for an outwardly convex front surface ("front panel") of the package.In addition to its appealing appearance, this also has the previously described technical advantage of improved air circulation between adjacent packages, which reduces the risk of mold growth.

[0024] Following further development of the planar composite material, the fiber-containing carrier layer of the composite material is designed to have a principal fiber direction that runs approximately perpendicular to a longitudinal edge of the composite material extending from the base surfaces to the gable surfaces. Paper and cardboard are materials made from cellulose fibers. While the fibers are evenly distributed in all directions during traditional (manual) papermaking, machine-based papermaking allows for a targeted fiber orientation. Since paper exhibits different mechanical properties in the direction of the fibers than perpendicular to them (anisotropy), the fiber orientation can be used to obtain the optimal material properties for the specific application. The principal fiber direction should run approximately perpendicular to the two longitudinal edges of the composite material.Since the longitudinal edges run from the base to the top (i.e., vertically in the packaging), this means that the main fiber direction runs circumferentially around the packaging. This has the advantage that the cardboard fibers are broken when the longitudinal edges of the packaging are scored (which run perpendicular to the fiber direction). This results in a package with sharply defined edges during subsequent folding and forming, and thus improved package stability. Particularly under compression loads (e.g., when stacking multiple packages on a pallet), a significant increase in stability is evident compared to packages with longitudinally oriented fibers, as these packages only buckle under higher compression loads.

[0025] The task described at the beginning is also solved by a packaging jacket made of a composite material for the production of a package.The packing shell comprises a lateral surface, wherein the lateral surface includes a front surface, a first side surface, a second side surface, a first rear surface and a second rear surface, bottom surfaces, wherein the bottom surfaces include triangular bottom surfaces and quadrilateral bottom surfaces, gable surfaces, wherein the gable surfaces include triangular gable surfaces and quadrilateral gable surfaces, two false fold lines running parallel to each other through the lateral surface, and a longitudinal seam joining two edge regions of the composite material to form a circumferential packing shell, which is open in both the region of the bottom surfaces and the region of the gable surfaces, wherein the bottom surfaces and the gable surfaces are arranged on opposite sides of the lateral surface, and wherein the packing shell is folded along both false fold lines.With regard to those properties of the packing sleeve that are already present in the sheet-like composite material, reference is made to the relevant explanations. The packing sleeve has a longitudinal seam that joins two edge areas of the composite material to form a circumferential packing sleeve. This longitudinal seam allows a circumferentially closed, circumferential packing sleeve to be produced from a flat—usually rectangular—cut of the composite material. The longitudinal seam can be created, for example, by gluing and / or welding. Due to the longitudinal seam, such packing sleeves are also referred to as longitudinally sealed packing sleeves. The packing sleeve is folded along both false fold lines, resulting in a front and a back—as well as an inside and an outside.

[0026] According to the invention, the packaging shell is characterized by a third fold line comprising several sections, each adjoining a side surface and a rear surface, of which at least one section is curved and at least one section is straight. By providing a fold line, a fold edge with a defined profile is achieved, which simplifies the manufacturing of the packaging. Compared to a curved shape without edges, the fold edge also improves the structural properties of the packaging, particularly its stiffness. Furthermore, the curved profile of the fold line makes it easier to create convex or concave surfaces, thereby generating air gaps between adjacent packages that improve air circulation. The inclusion of both curved and straight sections in the third fold line further simplifies the manufacturing of the packaging.The further properties and advantages have already been explained in connection with claim 1 and can be transferred from the planar composite material to the packaging jacket in a corresponding manner.

[0027] According to one embodiment of the packaging jacket, the packaging jacket is made of a planar composite material according to any one of claims 1 to 12. Since the packaging jacket is made of one of the previously described planar composite materials, many properties and advantages of the planar composite material also apply to the packaging jacket, and reference is made to the relevant descriptions.

[0028] According to a further embodiment of the packaging jacket, the composite material comprises at least one layer of paper or cardboard, which is covered along the edge of the longitudinal seam running inside the packaging jacket. This paper or cardboard layer is preferably the backing layer. The purpose of covering the paper or cardboard layer is to prevent contact between the contents of the package and this layer. This serves, on the one hand, to prevent liquid from leaking through the paper or cardboard layer, which is not liquid-tight, and on the other hand, to protect the contents of the package from contamination by the paper or cardboard layer (e.g., pulp fibers).

[0029] This design further proposes that the paper or cardboard layer be covered by a sealing strip and / or by folding over the composite material in the area of ​​the longitudinal seam. One method of covering the layer is to attach a separate sealing strip. This sealing strip could, for example, be made of the same material as the innermost layer of the composite material and be glued or welded to it. Another method of covering the layer is to fold over or over the composite material in the area of ​​the longitudinal seam. In this way, only the innermost layer of the composite material is visible at the edge of the longitudinal seam running inside the packaging. However, the innermost layer must be made of a material suitable for contact with the contents of the package.

[0030] In a further development of the packing jacket, the composite material is peeled in the area of ​​the longitudinal seam. A "peeled" composite material is understood to be one that has fewer layers in the peeled area than in the other areas. Peeling offers the advantage of a less pronounced increase in thickness, particularly in areas where several material layers overlap. Therefore, the use of peeled composite material is especially advantageous when the composite material is folded over or folded down – for example, in the area of ​​the longitudinal seam.

[0031] The problem described at the outset is also solved by a packing made of a composite material, wherein the packing is made of a planar composite material according to the preamble of claim 1, or wherein the packing is made of a packing shell according to the preamble of claim 13, and wherein the packing is closed in the area of ​​the bottom surfaces and in the area of ​​the gable surfaces. In particular, it can be provided that the packing is made of a planar composite material according to any one of claims 1 to 12, or that the packing is made of a packing shell according to any one of claims 13 to 17, and wherein the packing is closed in the area of ​​the bottom surfaces and in the area of ​​the gable surfaces.The packing is characterized by a third fold line, which has several sections, each adjacent to a side and a rear surface, of which at least one section is curved and at least one section is straight. By providing a fold line, a fold edge with a defined profile is achieved, which simplifies the manufacturing of the packing. The fold edge also improves the structural properties of the packing, particularly its stiffness, compared to a curved shape without edges. The curved profile of the fold line also makes it easier to create convex or concave surfaces, thereby generating air gaps between adjacent packings that improve air circulation. The inclusion of straight sections alongside curved sections in the third fold line further simplifies the manufacturing of the packing.The other associated properties and advantages have already been explained and can be transferred from the composite material and the packaging jacket to the packaging in a corresponding manner. The packaging can either be manufactured directly from a sheet-like composite material or it can be manufactured from a packaging jacket that has previously been manufactured from a sheet-like composite material.

[0032] After the packing has been formed, the section adjacent to the base surfaces and the section adjacent to the gable surfaces of the third fold line are intended to be straight. As already described above in connection with the sheet-like composite material, the use of straight sections adjacent to the base surfaces and gable surfaces is particularly advantageous, since this allows the use of simpler tools for producing the bases and gables of the packing.

[0033] According to a further embodiment of the packaging, at least two sections of the third fold line have opposite directions of curvature. One section may be curved towards the rear surface and the other towards the side surface. In this way, a packaging with both convex and concave surfaces can be achieved. Preferably, the section of the third fold line curved towards the side surface is positioned above the section curved towards the rear surface. This results in a wide, concave rear surface in the upper region – particularly in the upper half – of the packaging. Since the packaging preferably has a narrow, convex front surface in its upper region – particularly in the upper half – several packages can be stacked in a space-saving manner.They can be placed one behind the other to achieve good space utilization. Furthermore, by using opposite directions of curvature, the reduced filling volume caused by one direction of curvature can be compensated for by the other direction, so that the packaging height can remain unchanged for a given packaging volume.

[0034] According to one design of the packaging, the packaging features a fin-shaped seam in the gable area, which is folded over towards the front surface. This design allows for better drainage of moisture from the gable surface, for example, on a sloping gable, as no open "pocket" is formed where moisture could collect.

[0035] This design also allows for more space to be created for a spout sealed from the inside.

[0036] According to a further embodiment of the packaging, the package is designed to have a gable end that is approximately trapezoidal. The trapezoidal shape of the gable has the advantage that one of the two parallel sides or edges (preferably the front edge of the gable) is shorter than the opposite side or edge (preferably the rear edge of the gable) – unlike a rhombus, where the opposite sides are of equal length. This makes it possible to easily grasp even larger packages from the front with one hand.

[0037] Another packaging design features a sloping gable. Specifically, the gable can be designed to slope downwards towards the front, meaning it is lower at the front than at the back. This sloping design allows a pouring spout located at the gable to interfere less with stacking than with packages that have a flat gable. This is because, unlike packages with a flat gable, the pouring spout does not necessarily form the highest point of the package. Furthermore, this design allows for better drainage of moisture from the gable surface.

[0038] In a further development of the packaging, it is provided that the packaging is convex in the area of ​​the front surface and / or concave in the area of ​​the rear surfaces. In particular, it can be provided that the packaging is convex in the area of ​​the front surface in the upper area – especially in the upper half – and / or concave in the area of ​​the rear surfaces in the upper area – especially in the upper half. The combination of a convex front and a concave back allows the packages to be arranged in front of or behind each other in a space-saving manner, despite their visually complex design.

[0039] According to a further embodiment of the packing, the packing is provided with a relief surface that lies in the same plane as the front surface in sections and also in the same plane as a side surface in sections. As previously described in connection with the planar composite material, this embodiment results in the relief surface winding from one side of the packing (e.g., the front) around a (fictitious) edge towards another side of the packing. The relief surface thus serves to create the smoothest possible transition between the front surface and the side surface. Preferably, the relief surface extends over the entire height of the lateral surface, i.e., from the bottom surfaces to the gable surfaces, and therefore separates the front surface from the two side surfaces.The technical benefit of the stress-relieving surfaces lies in the fact that, compared to a 90° edge of a cuboid package, the composite material requires less folding or creasing, since the transition from the front surface to the two side surfaces is achieved through two less sharply creased ("blunter") edges. This results in less stress on the composite material and, in particular, a reduced risk of torn or broken fibers in the paper or cardboard layer of the composite material.

[0040] The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to a drawing that illustrates only a preferred embodiment. The drawing shows: Fig. 1A: a planar composite material known from the prior art for folding a packing jacket in a top view, Fig. 1B: a packaging jacket known from the prior art, which is made from the in Fig. The composite material shown in 1A is formed in a front view. Fig. 1C: the packaging sleeve made of Fig. 1B in a rear view, Fig. 1D: the packaging sleeve made of Fig. 1B and Fig. 1C in its unfolded state, Fig. 1E: the packaging sleeve made of Fig. 1D with closed bottom, Fig. 1F: a package made from the in Fig. The packaging jacket shown in 1B is formed after welding. Fig. 1G: the package made of Fig. 1F with ears folded down, Fig. 2A: a planar composite material according to the invention for folding a packaging jacket in a top view, Fig. 2B: a first area of ​​the planar composite material made of Fig. 2A in enlarged view, Fig. 2C: a second area of ​​the planar composite material made of Fig. 2A in enlarged view, Fig. 3A: a packaging jacket according to the invention, which consists of the in Fig. The planar composite material shown in 2A is formed in a front view. Fig. 3B: the packaging sleeve made of Fig. 3A in a rear view, Fig. 4A: a packing according to the invention, consisting of the in Fig. The packaging jacket shown in the 3rd section is formed in a perspective view. Fig. 4B: the package made of Fig. 4A in a front view, Fig. 4C: the package made of Fig. 4A in a rear view, and Fig. 4D: the package made of Fig. 4A in a side view.

[0041] Fig. Figure 1A shows a planar view of a planar composite material 1 known from the prior art, from which a packing shell can be formed. The planar composite material 1 can comprise several layers of different materials, for example, paper, cardboard, plastic, or metal, in particular aluminum. The composite material 1 has several fold lines 2, which are intended to facilitate folding the composite material 1 and divide the composite material 1 into several surfaces. The composite material 1 can be subdivided into a shell surface 3, a sealing surface 4, bottom surfaces 5, and gable surfaces 6. A packing shell can be formed from the composite material 1 by folding it such that the sealing surface 4 is connected, in particular welded, to the opposite edge region of the shell surface 3. The shell surface 3 extends—apart from the sealing surface 4—over the entire width of the composite material 1.The composite material 1 exhibits two false fold lines 7 in the area of ​​the lateral surface 3. The two false fold lines 7 are straight and run parallel to each other. Furthermore, the false fold lines 7 pass through a point of tangency SB of three adjacent triangular surfaces 8 of the base surface 5 and through a point of tangency SG of three adjacent triangular surfaces 8 of the gable surfaces 6. The false fold lines 7 divide the lateral surface 3 into an inner sub-area 3A and two outer sub-areas 3B. The inner sub-area 3A lies between the two false fold lines 7, and the outer sub-areas 3B lie adjacent to or outside the two false fold lines 7.

[0042] The base surfaces 5 have four vertices E5 and the gable surfaces 6 have four vertices E6. The vertices E5 and E6 represent the vertices of the packing to be produced from the composite material 1. Each vertex E5 of a base surface 5 is assigned a corresponding vertex E6 of a gable surface 6, which is the vertex E6 that, when the packing is upright, is located above that vertex E5. A vertex axis EA runs through two corresponding vertices E5 and E6, which would correspond to a vertical packing edge in a conventional cuboid packing. In the case of the Fig. The composite material 1 shown in Figure 1A therefore has four corner axes EA – as does the packing shell and the packing produced from it (for clarity, only one corner axis EA is shown at any given time). No fold lines are shown between the corner points E5 of the base surfaces 5 and their corresponding corner points E6 of the gable surfaces 6 – i.e., along the corner axes EA.

[0043] Fig. Figure 1B shows a packing jacket 9 known from the prior art, which is made from the in Fig. The planar composite material 1 shown in 1A is formed in a front view. The material already mentioned in connection with Fig. The areas of the packaging described in section 1A are in Fig. 1B with corresponding reference numerals. The packaging sleeve 9 is created from the composite material 1 in two steps: First, the composite material 1 is folded along the two false fold lines 7. Then, the two sub-areas 3B (left) and 3B (right) of the sleeve surface 3 are joined together in the area of ​​the sealing surface 4, in particular by welding, thereby creating a (in Fig. 1B concealed) longitudinal seam 10 is created. The packing shell 9 thus has a circumferentially closed structure with an opening in the area of ​​the bottom surfaces 5 and with an opening in the area of ​​the gable surfaces 6. In the front view, the inner sub-area 3A of the shell surface 3 is visible, which is bounded on both sides by the false fold lines 7. The remaining sub-areas 3B of the shell surface 3 are on the back of the packing shell 9 and therefore in Fig. 1B covered.

[0044] In Fig. 1C is the packaging sleeve 9 made of Fig. 1B shown in a rear view. The already mentioned in connection with Fig. 1A and Fig. The areas of the packaging described in section 1B are in Fig. 1C is provided with corresponding reference numerals. In the rear view, the two outer sub-areas 3B of the surface 3 are visible, which are connected to each other by the longitudinal seam 10 and which are bounded on both sides by the false fold lines 7. The inner sub-area 3A of the surface 3 is on the front of the packaging shell 9 and is therefore in Fig. 1C is obscured.

[0045] Fig. 1D shows the packaging sleeve 9 from Fig. 1B and Fig. 1C in its unfolded state. The one already mentioned in connection with Fig. 1A to Fig. The areas of the packaging jacket described in section 1C are in Fig. 1D is provided with corresponding reference symbols. The unfolded state is achieved by folding back the packaging shell 9 along the false fold lines 7 running through the surface 3. The folding back is approximately 180°. The folding back along the false fold lines 7 results in the two sub-areas 3A, 3B of the surface 3 adjacent to the false fold line 7 no longer lying on top of each other, but are arranged in the same plane. The packaging shell 9 is therefore only in its flat state ( Fig. 1B, Fig. 1C) folded along the false fold lines 7; in the unfolded state ( Fig. In 1D), the packaging outer layer 9 (as well as the packaging to be produced from it) is no longer folded along the false fold lines 7. Hence the designation "false" fold lines 7.

[0046] Fig. 1E shows the packaging sleeve 9 from Fig. 1D with a closed bottom. The ones already mentioned in connection with Fig. 1A to Fig. The areas of the packaging jacket described in 1D are in Fig. 1E is provided with the corresponding reference marks. The pre-folded state is designated (as in Fig. 1D) a state in which the fold lines 2 in the area of ​​the gable surfaces 6 have been pre-folded. The bottom surfaces 5, on the other hand, are already completely folded and welded, so that the packaging shell 9 has a closed bottom.

[0047] Fig. 1F shows a pack of 11, which consists of the in Fig. The packaging jacket 9 shown in 1B is formed after welding. The one already mentioned in connection with Fig. 1A to Fig. The areas described in section 1E of package 11 are in Fig. 1F is marked with the corresponding reference symbols. Package 11 is shown after welding, i.e., in the filled and closed state. A fin seam 12 is formed in the area of ​​the bottom surfaces 5 and in the area of ​​the gable surfaces 6 after sealing.

[0048] While the fin seam 12 in the area of ​​the bottom surfaces 5 has already been folded against the packing 11, the fin seam 12 in the area of ​​the gable surfaces 6 still stands away from the packing 11. Partial areas of the gable surfaces 6 are folded during pre-folding (see Fig. 1E) folded outwards and form protruding areas of excess material, which are also referred to as “ears” 13 and are attached to the packaging 11 in a later manufacturing step – for example by gluing. In Fig. 1F the ears 13 still protrude from the package 11 and are attached in a later manufacturing step, for example by gluing.

[0049] Fig. 1G shows the pack of 11. Fig. 1F with ears laid back. The one already mentioned in connection with Fig. 1A to Fig. The areas described in section 1F of package 11 are in Fig. 1G with appropriate reference numerals. The upper ears 13, arranged in the area of ​​the gable surface 6, are folded downwards and laid flat against the outer surface 3 of the package 11. Preferably, the upper ears 13 are glued or welded to the outer surface 3.

[0050] Fig. Figure 2A shows a planar composite material 1' according to the invention for folding a packaging jacket in a top view. The material already described in connection with Fig. 1A to Fig. The areas of the composite material 1' described in 1G are in Fig. 2A are provided with corresponding reference symbols. The base surfaces 5 of the composite material 1' can be subdivided into triangular base surfaces 5' and quadrilateral base surfaces 5". The triangular base surfaces 5' form ears 13 (see Fig. 1F), which are folded inwards or outwards and attached to the packaging; the square base surfaces 5", on the other hand, determine the shape of the base. In the case of the Fig. In the composite material 1' shown in 2A, the corners of the square base surfaces 5" are approximately right angles (α B = 90°), so that a packing made from this composite material 1' also has an approximately rectangular, in particular approximately square, base. Similarly, the gable faces 6 of the composite material 1' can be subdivided into triangular gable faces 6' and quadrangular gable faces 6". The triangular gable faces 6' form ears 13 (see Fig. 1F), which are folded inwards or outwards and attached to the packing; the square gable faces 6", on the other hand, determine the shape of the gable. In the case of the Fig. In the composite material 1' shown in 2A, the corners of the square gable surfaces 6" are not right angles, but slightly smaller (α G1 < 90°) or slightly larger (α G2> 90°) than 90°, resulting in an approximately trapezoidal shape. A packing made from this composite material 1' therefore also has an approximately trapezoidal gable. Preferably, the small gable surface angles α G1 in the range between 80° and 90°, while the large gable angles α G2 The angle lies between 90° and 100°. The side of the square gable surface 6 that adjoins the front surface 14 is also referred to as the front edge V. The front edge V is preferably curved in the direction of the front surface 14.

[0051] The lateral surface area 3 of the in Fig. The composite material 1' shown in Figure 2A has several fold lines that divide the lateral surface 3 into several surfaces. The lateral surface 3 comprises a front surface 14, a first rear surface 15A and a second rear surface 15B, a first side surface 16A and a second side surface 16B, a first relieving surface 17A and a second relieving surface 17B. The front surface 14 borders the rectangular base surface 5" at the bottom and the rectangular, trapezoidal gable surface 6" at the gable. Laterally, the front surface 14 borders the first relieving surface 17A and the second relieving surface 17B. The two relieving surfaces 17A, 17B also border the square floor surface 5" in the ground area (i.e., like the front surface 14); however, in the gable area, the two relieving surfaces 17A, 17B each border one of the triangular gable surfaces 6'.The two side surfaces 16A, 16B abut one of the triangular base surfaces 5' at their base and one of the triangular gable surfaces 6' at their gable end. Laterally, the two side surfaces 16A, 16B abut one of the two relieving surfaces 17A, 17B on their inner sides and one of the two rear surfaces 15A, 15B on their outer sides (the first side surface 16A abuts the first rear surface 15A and the first relieving surface 17A, and the second side surface 16B abuts the second rear surface 15B and the second relieving surface 17B). The two rear surfaces 15A, 15B abut the rectangular base surface 5" at their base and the rectangular gable surface 6" at their gable end.The two rear surfaces 15A, 15B border each of the two side surfaces 16A, 16B on their inner sides (the first rear surface 15A borders the first side surface 16A and the second rear surface 15B borders the second side surface 16B).

[0052] At the in Fig. In the planar composite material 1' shown in Figure 2A, the lateral surface 3 has several fold lines 18', 18'', 18'''. The first fold lines 18' laterally bound the front surface 14 and form the boundaries between the front surface 14 and the two relief surfaces 17A, 17B. Preferably, the two first fold lines 18' are curved, at least in sections. The two second fold lines 18'' form the boundaries between the two relief surfaces 17A, 17B and the two side surfaces 16A, 16B. Preferably, the two second fold lines 18'' are also curved, at least in sections. The two third fold lines 18''' form the boundaries between the two relief surfaces 17A, 17B and the two rear surfaces 15A, 15B. Preferably, the two third fold lines 18''' are also curved, at least in sections.The composite material 1' also has a paper or cardboard layer whose main fiber direction F runs transversely (i.e., perpendicular to two longitudinal edges L extending from the bottom surfaces 5 through the outer surface 3 to the gable surfaces 6) through the outer surfaces 14, 15A, 15B, 16A, 16B, 17A, 17B and thus runs circumferentially in a package made from this composite material 1'. Furthermore, the composite material 1' has a weakening zone 19, which can serve to define the position of a pouring element. The weakening zone 19 can be designed as an overcoated hole or as a hole punched completely through the composite material 1'.

[0053] Fig. 2B shows a first area of ​​the composite material 1' made of Fig. 2A in enlarged view. The one already mentioned in connection with Fig. 1A to Fig. The areas of the composite material 1' described in 2A are in Fig. 2B with appropriate reference numerals.

[0054] The first - in Fig. 2B shown - area of ​​the composite material 1' relates to the area of ​​the gable surfaces 6, in particular the area of ​​the gable surface angles α G1 , α G2 As previously described, the corners of the square gable faces 6'' are not right angles, but slightly smaller (α G1 < 90°) or slightly larger (α G2 > 90°) as 90°. For the rear (assigned to the back of the package) gable end angles α G1 The deviation from a right angle is due to the fact that one of the two sides is not at angle α. G1 adjacent fold lines do not run perpendicular to the edge of the composite material 1', but are inclined at an angle β1 to a perpendicular S1 (α G1 = 90°- β1). For the front (associated with the front of the package) gable end angles α G2The deviation from a right angle has two reasons: Firstly, one of the two angles runs along the angle α. G2 The adjacent fold lines are not perpendicular to the edge of the composite material 1', but inclined at an angle β2 to a perpendicular S2. Secondly, the [unclear text] also runs at an angle α. G2 The adjacent front edge V is not straight, but curved in the direction of the front surface 14, where the front edge V (or a tangent that passes through the front edge V in the area of ​​the corner or angle α) G2 touched) is inclined at an angle γ to a horizontal W (which runs parallel to the upper edge of the composite material 1') (α G2 = 90° + β2 + γ). Angle β1 corresponds to angle β2; both angles preferably lie in the range between 2° and 6°. The two rear gable surface angles α G1They can therefore, for example, have an angle of approximately 86°. The angle γ is preferably in the range between 15° and 25°. The two front gable surface angles α G2 They can therefore, for example, have an angle of approximately 113°. From the described design – especially from the curved front edge V – it follows that the sum of the angles of the square gable face 6'' is greater than 360° (2*α). G1 + 2*α G2 > 360°).

[0055] Fig. 2C shows a second area of ​​the planar composite material 1' made of Fig. 2A in enlarged view. The one already mentioned in connection with Fig. 1A to Fig. The areas of composite material 1' described in 2B are in Fig. 2C with corresponding reference numerals. The second - in Fig. The area of ​​composite material 1' shown in Figure 2C relates to the area of ​​the third lateral fold line 18''', which separates the side surfaces 16A, 16B from the rear surfaces 15A, 15B. The third lateral fold line 18''', located between the side surfaces 16A, 16B and the adjacent rear surfaces 15A, 15B, has four sections I-IV: the first section I borders the bottom surfaces 5 and runs straight. The second section II borders the first section I and runs curved (in the direction of the rear surfaces 15A, 15B). As a result of the curvature, a maximum distance d is obtained. II between the third lateral fold line 18''' and a perpendicular S, which can lie in the range between 0.5 mm and 2.5 mm. The third section III borders the second section II and is curved (in the direction of the side surfaces 16A, 16B). As a result of the curvature, a maximum distance d results. IIIbetween the third fold line 18''' and the vertical S, which can lie in the range between 0.5 mm and 2.5 mm. The second section II and the third section III therefore exhibit opposite curvatures or directions of curvature. The fourth section IV borders the third section III and the gable surfaces 6 and runs straight. The third fold line 18''' therefore runs straight in some sections (in section I, which borders the base surfaces 5, and in section IV, which borders the gable surfaces 6) and curved in others (in the two "middle" sections II and III).

[0056] Fig. 3A shows a packing jacket 9' according to the invention, which consists of the in Fig. 2A shows the planar composite material 1', as seen in a front view. The material is formed by the composite material 1' shown. This is already related to Fig. 1A to Fig. The areas of the packing jacket 9' described in 2C are in Fig. 3A is provided with corresponding reference numerals. The packaging sleeve 9' is created from the composite material 1' in two steps: First, the composite material 1' is folded along the two false fold lines 7. Then, the first rear surface 15A and the second rear surface 15B are joined together in the area of ​​the sealing surface 4, in particular welded, thereby creating a (in Fig. 3A concealed) longitudinal seam 10 is created. The packing shell 9' thus has a circumferentially closed structure with an opening in the area of ​​the bottom surfaces 5 and with an opening in the area of ​​the gable surfaces 6. In the front view, the front surface 14, the two relieving surfaces 17A, 17B and (partially) the two side surfaces 16A, 16B are visible. The rear surfaces 15A, 15B are on the back of the packing shell 9' and therefore in Fig. 3A covered.

[0057] In Fig. 3B is the packaging sleeve 9' made of Fig. 3A shown in a rear view. The one already mentioned in connection with Fig. 1A to Fig. The areas of the packing jacket 9' described in 3A are in Fig. 3A are marked with corresponding reference symbols. In the rear view, the two rear surfaces 15A, 15B are visible, which are connected to each other by the longitudinal seam 10 and are bounded on both sides by the third fold lines 18'''. In addition, the two side surfaces 16A, 16B are (partially) recognizable. The front surface 14 and the two relief surfaces 17A, 17B are on the front of the packaging shell 9' and therefore in Fig. 3B is covered.

[0058] Fig. 4A shows a packing 20 according to the invention, which consists of the in Fig. The packaging jacket 9' shown in Figure 3 is formed in perspective view. This is already related to Fig. 1A to Fig. The areas described in section 3B of package 20 are in Fig. 4A with corresponding reference numerals. In Fig. Figure 4A clearly shows that the relief surface 17A (as well as the relief surface 17B, which is not shown) is located at the base of the front of the package 20, while the relief surface 17A is located at the gable end of the left side of the package 20 (the relief surface 17B, which is not shown, is accordingly located at the gable end of the right side of the package 20). The relief surfaces 17A and 17B thus "wind" from the front of the package 20 around a (fictitious) edge of the package 20 towards one side of the package. The relief surfaces 17A and 17B therefore form a transition from the front of the package 20 (where they adjoin the front surface 14) to the two sides of the package 20 (where they adjoin the two side surfaces 16A and 16B). Fig. 4A also shows that the package 20 has a slanted gable (“slanted gable”) on which a screw cap 21 is arranged.

[0059] Also recognizable is the trapezoidal design of the gable, which is achieved by the fact that the square gable surfaces have angles deviating from 90° by 6'' (in Fig. 4A shows the two small gable angles α adjacent to the rear surfaces 15A, 15B. G1 an angle of < 90° and the two large gable angles α adjacent to the front surface 14 G2 exhibit an angle of > 90°). Furthermore, in Fig. 4A clearly shows that both the first lateral fold lines 18' and the second lateral fold lines 18'' as well as the third lateral fold lines 18''' are curved.

[0060] Fig. 4B shows pack 20 from Fig. 4A in a front view. The one already mentioned in connection with Fig. 1A to Fig. The areas described in section 4A of the package 20 are in Fig. 4B with appropriate reference numerals. In Fig. In 4B, the trapezoidal shape of the gable is particularly evident. Furthermore, the curved course of the first fold lines 18' and the second fold lines 18'' is clearly visible.

[0061] Fig. 4C shows the pack of 20. Fig. 4A in a rear view. The one already mentioned in connection with Fig. 1A to Fig. The areas described in section 4B of package 20 are in Fig. 4C with corresponding reference symbols. In Fig. In 4C, the composition of the back of the package 20, consisting of the two rear surfaces 15A and 15B, is particularly evident. Furthermore, the curved course of the third fold line 18''' is clearly visible.

[0062] Fig. 4D finally shows the pack of 20. Fig. 4A in a side view. The one already mentioned in connection with Fig. 1A to Fig. The areas described in section 4C of package 20 are in Fig. 4D with corresponding reference symbols. In Fig. In 4D, the composition of the left side of the package 20, consisting of the first side surface 16A and part of the first relief surface 17A, is particularly easy to see. The (folded-back) false fold line 7 also runs through the first side surface 16A. For the in Fig. The same applies to the opposite right side of package 20, which is not shown in 4D, as both sides are identical (mirror-image symmetrical) to each other. Furthermore, in Fig. 4D clearly shows that the pack contains 20 pieces in the upper area of ​​its front (right in Fig. 4D) is convexly curved outwards and in the upper area of ​​its back (left in Fig. 4D) is concave, curved inwards. Reference symbol list: 1, 1': Planar composite material 2: Fold line 3, 3A, 3B: Surface area 4: Seal area 5, 5', 5'': Floor area 6, 6', 6'': Gable surface 7: False fold line 8: Triangle area 9, 9': Packing sleeve 10: Longitudinal seam 11: Pack 12: Fin seam 13: Ear 14: Front surface 15A, 15B: first and second rear surface 16A, 16B: first and second side surface 17A, 17B: first and second relief area 18', 18'', 18''': coat fold line 19: Weakness zone 20: Pack 21: Screw cap α B : Ground surface angle (of the fold lines in the ground area) α G1 , α G2 : Gable surface angle (of the fold lines in the gable area) β1, β2: Angle of inclination (relative to the vertical S1, S2) γ: Angle of inclination (relative to the horizontal W) d II , d III : Distance (between third fold line 18''' and vertical S) EA: Corner axis E5: Corner point (of floor area 5) E6: Corner point (of gable end 6) F: Main fiber direction L: Long edge S, S1, S2: Vertical SB: Point of contact (of the triangular surfaces 8 of the base surface 5) SG: Point of contact (of the triangular surfaces 8 of the gable surface 6) V: Front edge (of the square gable surface 6'') W: Horizontal I, II, III, IV: Sections (of the third mantle fold line 18''')

Claims

[1] Sheet-like composite material (1') for producing a package (20), comprising: - a polymer outer layer, - a polymer inner layer, - a fibrous carrier layer arranged between the polymer outer layer and the polymer inner layer, - wherein the sheet-like composite material (1') has a plurality of fold lines which are arranged and designed such that a closed package (20) can be produced by folding the sheet-like composite material (1') along the fold lines and by connecting seam surfaces of the sheet-like composite material (1'), - a lateral surface (3), wherein the lateral surface (3) comprises a front surface (14), a first side surface (16A), a second side surface (16B), a first rear surface (15A) and a second rear surface (15B), - floor surfaces (5), wherein the floor surfaces (5) comprise triangular floor surfaces (5') and quadrangular floor surfaces (5''), and - gable surfaces (6), wherein the gable surfaces (6) comprise triangular gable surfaces (6') and square gable surfaces (6''), - wherein the floor surfaces (5) and the gable surfaces (6) are arranged on opposite sides of the lateral surface (3), characterized by a third jacket fold line (18''') having a plurality of sections (I, II, III, IV) each adjacent to a side surface (16A, 16B) and to a rear surface (15A, 15B), of which at least one section (II, III) is curved and of which at least one section (I, IV) is straight. [2] Sheet-like composite material (1') according to claim 1, characterized by that the section (I) adjacent to the floor surfaces (5) and the section (IV) of the third jacket fold line (18''') adjacent to the gable surfaces (6) are straight. [3] Sheet-like composite material (1') according to claim 1 or claim 2, characterized by that at least two sections (II, III) of the third jacket fold line (18''') have opposite directions of curvature. [4] Sheet-like composite material (1') according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized by two apparent fold lines (7) running parallel to each other through the lateral surface (3). [5] Sheet-like composite material (1') according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized by that the lateral surface (3) has at least one relief surface (17A, 17B) which is arranged between the front surface (14) and one of the two side surfaces (16A, 16B). [6] Sheet-like composite material (1') according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized by that at least one relief surface (17A, 17B) in the area of ​​the floor surfaces (5) borders on a quadrangular floor surface (5'') and in the area of ​​the gable surfaces (6) borders on a triangular gable surface (6'). [7] Sheet-like composite material (1') according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized by that between at least one relief surface (17A, 17B) and the adjacent front surface (14) a first jacket fold line (18') is provided, which is preferably curved at least in sections. [8] Sheet-like composite material (1') according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized by that between at least one relief surface (17A, 17B) and the adjacent side surface (16A, 16B) a second jacket fold line (18'') is provided, which is preferably curved at least in sections. [9] Sheet-like composite material (1') according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized by at least one quadrangular gable surface (6'') with two small gable surface angles (α G1 ) that are less than 90°, with two large gable surface angles (α G2 ) that are greater than 90° and with an angle sum greater than 360°. [10] Sheet-like composite material (1') according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized by that at least one of the square gable surfaces (6'') is approximately trapezoidal. [11] Sheet-like composite material (1') according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized by that the square gable surface (6'') has a front edge (V) adjacent to the front surface (14) which is curved. [12] Sheet-like composite material (1') according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized by that the fiber-containing carrier layer of the composite material (1') has a main fiber direction (F) which runs approximately at right angles to a longitudinal edge (L) of the composite material (1') running from the floor surfaces (5) to the gable surfaces (6). [13] Packing jacket (9') made of a composite material for producing a pack (20), comprising: - a lateral surface (3), wherein the lateral surface (3) comprises a front surface (14), a first side surface (16A), a second side surface (16B), a first rear surface (15A) and a second rear surface (15B), - floor surfaces (5), wherein the floor surfaces (5) comprise triangular floor surfaces (5') and quadrangular floor surfaces (5''), - gable surfaces (6), wherein the gable surfaces (6) comprise triangular gable surfaces (6') and square gable surfaces (6''), - two apparent fold lines (7) running parallel to each other through the lateral surface (3), and - a longitudinal seam (10) connecting two edge regions of the composite material (1') to form a circumferential packing jacket (9') which is open both in the area of ​​the base surfaces (5) and in the area of ​​the gable surfaces (6), - wherein the floor surfaces (5) and the gable surfaces (6) are arranged on opposite sides of the lateral surface (3), and - wherein the packaging sleeve (9') is folded along both apparent fold lines (7), characterized by a third jacket fold line (18''') having a plurality of sections (I, II, III, IV) each adjacent to a side surface (16A, 16B) and to a rear surface (15A, 15B), of which at least one section (II, III) is curved and of which at least one section (I, IV) is straight. [14] Packing jacket (9') according to claim 13, characterized by that the packing jacket (9') is made of a sheet-like composite material (1') according to one of claims 1 to 12. [15] Packing jacket (9') according to claim 13 or claim 14, characterized by that the composite material has at least one layer of paper or cardboard which is covered at the edge of the longitudinal seam (10) running inside the packaging jacket (9'). [16] Packing jacket (9') according to claim 15, characterized bythat the layer of paper or cardboard is covered by a sealing strip and / or by folding the composite material in the area of ​​the longitudinal seam (10). [17] Packing jacket (9') according to one of claims 13 to 16, characterized by that the composite material is peeled in the area of ​​the longitudinal seam (10). [18] Packing (20) made of a composite material, - wherein the package (20) is made of a sheet-like composite material (1') according to the preamble of claim 1, or wherein the package (20) is made of a package jacket (9') according to the preamble of claim 13, and - wherein the package (20) is closed in the area of ​​the base surfaces (5) and in the area of ​​the gable surfaces (6), characterized bya third jacket fold line (18''') having a plurality of sections (I, II, III, IV) each adjacent to a side surface (16A, 16B) and to a rear surface (15A, 15B), of which at least one section (II, III) is curved and of which at least one section (I, IV) is straight. [19] Pack (20) according to claim 18, characterized by that the section (I) adjacent to the floor surfaces (5) and the section (IV) of the third jacket fold line (18''') adjacent to the gable surfaces (6) are straight. [20] Pack (20) according to claim 18 or claim 19, characterized by that at least two sections (II, III) of the third jacket fold line (18''') have opposite directions of curvature. [21] Pack (20) according to one of claims 18 to 20, characterized by that the packing (20) has a fin seam (12) in the region of the gable, which is folded over in the direction of the front surface (14). [22] Pack (20) according to one of claims 18 to 21, characterized by that the package (20) has a gable which is approximately trapezoidal. [23] Pack (20) according to one of claims 18 to 22, characterized by that the packing (20) has a sloping gable. [24] Pack (20) according to one of claims 18 to 23, characterized by that the pack (20) is convex in the region of the front surface (14) and / or concave in the region of the rear surfaces (15A, 15B). [25] Pack (20) according to one of claims 18 to 24, characterized by that the pack (20) has a relief surface (17A, 17B) which lies in a plane in sections with the front surface (14) and which lies in a plane in sections with a side surface (16A, 16B).

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