Grating rod and the use of a grating rod

Abstract

The invention relates to a grate bar with a base body made of a first material and a grate bar reinforcement made of a material different from the first material. The base body has a running surface with a longitudinal extension, a top and a bottom, and a center line extending longitudinally between the top and bottom, passing through the center of mass of the running surface. According to the invention, the grate bar reinforcement is arranged below the center line and connected to the base body.

Description

The invention relates to a grate bar having a base body made of a first material and a grate bar reinforcement which has a material different from the first material, wherein the base body has a running surface with a longitudinal extent, an upper side and an underside and, between the upper side and the underside, in the longitudinal extent, a center line running through the center of mass of the running surface.Such grate bars are used in incineration plants and in particular in waste incineration plants. They generally have a running surface on which the material to be burned lies and over which a further grate bar can also slide. This running surface has an upper side and a lower side and it has so much material therebetween that the running surface does not wear too quickly.It is known to incorporate into the tread a plate of particularly wear resistant material to reduce wear.It is also known to incorporate a different material into the tread in order to prevent breakage of the tread. This material is placed in the middle of the tread to be completely surrounded by casting material. The center of the tread forms a centerline that extends between the top and bottom of the tread and passes through the center of mass of the tread. In order to minimize the effects of stresses as a result of the different material expansions of the cast material and the reinforcement, it is ensured that the reinforcement lies exactly in the precise central position between the upper side and the lower side of the running surface.Furthermore, a grate bar usually has lateral flanks which extend perpendicular to the running surface along the grate bar. These flanks can also be made reinforced in order to avoid breaking of the grid bar.Finally, however, all these measures have not led to it being possible to avoid grid bar fractures during the service life of a grid.The invention is therefore based on the object of minimizing the effects of grid bar fractures.This object is achieved with a grate bar having the features of claim 1.According to the invention, the grate bar is not produced with cast material that is positioned and distributed more and more and more reasonably, but instead a grate bar reinforcement is used. According to the invention, however, it is accepted that the grate bar could break once. In order that the running surface then does not break through completely and material can fall into the space lying underneath, the grate bar reinforcement is arranged below the center line and connected to the base body.This has the consequence that the grate bar can break by the base body breaking out of the casting material. However, this generally only leads to an expansion of the reinforcement, which because of its position does not necessarily have to break simultaneously with the casting material. Thus, the casting material may fracture and the reinforcement continues to hold the at least two fragments together. A deformation of the running surface occurring in this case also leads to the material being held further on the running surface and not falling into the space under the running surface.It is therefore further proposed that the stainless steel reinforcement is connected to the base body in such a way that, in the event of a fracture of the base body as a result of a pressure on the upper side of the running surface, the base body breaks before the reinforcement breaks.In addition, the reinforcement should form a positive connection of the fractions after the base body has broken. The reinforcement can deform further after a fracture and hold the fracture halves together further.The grid bar reinforcement can be connected to the base body in different ways. It is advantageous if the grate bar reinforcement is connected in a form-fitting manner to the base body. This means that it can be cast or cast in the base body or on the edge of the base body. The reinforcement may also be attached to cast-in brackets or flanges. It can even be arranged displaceably relative to the base body in order to reduce the effects of stresses due to a different thermal expansion.The contact surface between the grate bar reinforcement and the base body can be reduced by less than 50% of the surface of the grate bar reinforcement forming a contact surface on the base body.In order to minimize the consequences of a fracture on a long surface of the running surface, it is proposed that the stainless steel reinforcement extends over more than 35% and preferably more than 50% of the longitudinal extent.A simple embodiment provides that the grate bar extension has one and preferably several struts which extend along the longitudinal extension of the running surface.The reinforcement can also act as a cooling body or cooling fin. Therefore, it is further proposed that the grate bar reinforcement comprises a sheet metal material.Additively or cumulatively, the grid bar reinforcement can be a spiral and / or have a plurality of rings connected to one another.When the grate bar is made of a casting material, the grate bar reinforcement may be molded.The grid bar reinforcement should be light, able to bridge a distance, and able to withstand forces. For this purpose, it is proposed that it have apertures or holes. The punched-out material can be formed only from one plane of the reinforcement.In addition, the grate bar reinforcement can have webs between rows of holes and be designed as expanded metal.Depending on the application, the grid bar reinforcement can be three-dimensionally shaped or even designed as a hollow body. When the grate bar reinforcement is designed as a hollow body, the hollow body can be connected to the underside of the running surface only on one side.Further possibilities for the construction of the grate bar reinforcement are apparent if the base body has flanks extending laterally from the underside of the running surface perpendicular to its upper side and the grate bar reinforcement is arranged between these flanks.A particularly advantageous use is the use in a waste incineration plant.Advantageous exemplary embodiments are illustrated in the drawing and are described in more detail below. It shows FIG. 1 is a longitudinal section through a grate bar, FIG. 2 is a cross-section through the grate bar shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 3 is a view of the underside of the grate bar shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 4 is a side view of the grate bar shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 5 is a plan view of the grate bar shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 6 is a perspective view of the underside of the grate bar shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of the grid bar reinforcement, FIG. 8 is a perspective view of another grate bar with a bolted-on reinforcing strut; and FIG. 9 shows the underside of the grate bar shown in FIG. 8.The grate bar 1 shown in FIGS. 1 to 7 consists essentially of the base body 2 and the grate bar reinforcement 3. the base body 2 consists of a casting material and the grate bar reinforcement 3 consists of a bent sheet metal. The base body has a running surface 4 with an upper side 6 and an underside 7 on the side opposite the upper side 6, and a center line 9 runs between the upper side 6 and the underside 7 through the center of mass 8 of the running surface 4 in the longitudinal extent 5 of the running surface 4.The grate bar reinforcement is now not arranged exactly on the center line 9 between the upper side 6 and the lower side 7 of the running surface 4, but is instead connected below this center line and to the base body 2. In the exemplary embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 7, the grate bar reinforcement 3 has a plurality of struts 10, which are located along the longitudinal extent of the grate bar reinforcement. In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, only one strut 13 extends between two flanges 11 and 12 as a grid bar reinforcement 3.In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 7, the grate bar reinforcement consists of a sheet metal material which has apertures 14 between the struts 10 and webs 15. This results in rows of holes 20 in the grate bar reinforcement 3.The grate bar reinforcement formed in this way three-dimensionally to form a hollow body 16 is cast onto the grate bar in the exemplary embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 7, and as a result the hollow body 16 is connected to the underside 7 of the running surface 4 only on one side 17.In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the grate bar reinforcement 3 is likewise located between flanks 18 and 19 extending perpendicular to the upper side 6, wherein the grate bar reinforcement is designed as a rod or threaded rod between two flanges 11 and 12. The use of a threaded rod as a strut 13 makes it possible to hold the grate bar reinforcement on the flanges 11 and 12 by means of screws 21 to 24.

Claims

A grate bar (1) having a base body (2) made of a first material and a grate bar reinforcement (3) which has a material different from the first material, wherein the base body (2) has a running surface (4) with a longitudinal extent (5), an upper side (6) and an underside (7) and, between the upper side (6) and the underside (7) in the longitudinal extent (5), a centre line (9) which extends through the centre of mass (8) of the running surface (4), characterized in that the grate bar reinforcement (3) is arranged below the centre line (9) and is connected to the base body (2).The grate bar according to claim 1, characterized in that the grate bar reinforcement (3) is connected to the base body (2) in such a way that, in the event of a breakage of the base body (2) as a result of a pressure on the upper side (6) of the running surface (4), the base body (2) breaks before the grate bar reinforcement (3) breaks.The grate bar according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the grate bar reinforcement (3) forms a form-fitting connection of the fractions after the fracture of the base body (2).The grate bar according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the grate bar reinforcement (3) is connected in a form-fitting manner to the base body (2).The grate bar according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that less than 50% of the outer surface of the grate bar reinforcement (3) form a contact surface on the base body (2).The grate bar according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the grate bar reinforcement (3) extends over more than 35% and preferably more than 50% of the longitudinal extension (5).The grate bar according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the grate bar reinforcement (3) has one and preferably a plurality of struts (10) which extend along the longitudinal extension (5).The grate bar according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the grate bar reinforcement (3) has a strut (13) held between two flanges (11, 12) at a distance from the underside (7).The grate bar according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the grate bar reinforcement (3) comprises a sheet metal material.The grate bar according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the grate bar reinforcement (3) is a spiral.The grate bar according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the grate bar reinforcement (3) has a plurality of rings connected to one another.The grate bar according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the grate bar (1) is made of a casting material and the grate bar reinforcement (3) is cast on.The grate bar according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the grate bar reinforcement (3) has apertures (14) or holes.The grate bar according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the grate bar reinforcement (3) has webs (15) between rows of holes (20).The grate bar according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the grate bar reinforcement (3) is three-dimensionally shaped.The grate bar according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the grate bar reinforcement (3) is designed as a hollow body (16).Grate bar according to claim 15, characterised in that the hollow body (16) is connected to the underside (7) of the running surface (4) only on one side (17).The grate bar according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the base body (2) has flanks (18, 19) extending laterally from the underside (7) of the running surface (4) perpendicular to the upper side (6) thereof, and the grate bar reinforcement (3) is arranged between these flanks (18, 19).Use of a grate bar according to one of the preceding claims in a waste incineration plant.

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