Retaining wall construction, in particular for securing a slope or the like, and methods for its manufacture

Abstract

A retaining wall structure (10), in particular for securing a slope (18) or the like, comprises at least one inner gabion wall section (12) and at least one outer facing wall section (20). It is proposed that at least in some areas there is a gap (22) between the gabion wall section (12) and the facing wall section (20), that the facing wall section (20) is anchored in a subsoil (16) (24) by means of at least one anchor section penetrating the gabion wall section (12), and that the gap (22) is filled at least in some areas with a hardening fill material (26).

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a retaining wall construction, in particular for securing an embankment or the like, and to a method for its production, according to the preambles of the independent claims.

[0002] A gabion is typically a wire basket filled with stones, which is used, for example, in landscape architecture, hydraulic engineering, and road and path construction for the construction of large embankments, as retaining walls, etc. Gabions serve as retaining elements on slopes to absorb horizontal earth pressure. Gabion walls are often used as sections of retaining wall structures for stabilizing road embankments. EP 1 775 388 A2 discloses a retaining wall structure with a concrete-filled gabion wall section and, on one visible side, a facing wall section that can be filled with gravel, rubble, or earth.

[0003] The object of the present invention is to improve the stability of existing gabion walls both in the context of renovations and to permanently ensure the stability of new retaining wall structures that include gabion wall sections.

[0004] This object is achieved by a retaining wall structure and a method for its production having the features of the respective independent claim. Advantageous further developments are specified in the subclaims.

[0005] The retaining wall structure according to the invention has the advantage of being very stable and durable, while at the same time being only slightly thinner than retaining wall structures that essentially consist only of the actual gabion wall. Furthermore, it can be manufactured using materials typically used in civil engineering.

[0006] Specifically, a retaining wall structure is proposed that can be used, for example—but by no means exclusively—to stabilize a slope. The retaining wall structure according to the invention comprises at least one interior gabion wall section. "Interior" here means that the gabion wall section is arranged in an area of ​​the retaining wall structure that faces or borders the subsoil to be supported. It is conceivable that the gabion wall section comprises a plurality of gabion elements, for example, a plurality of gabion elements arranged one above the other in a stepped manner.

[0007] Furthermore, the retaining wall structure includes at least one external facing wall section. "External" here means that the facing wall section is located in a part of the retaining wall structure that faces an open area, such as a road or open space. A typical thickness of the facing wall section is approximately 15-30 cm.

[0008] A gap exists at least partially between the gabion wall section and the facing wall section of the retaining wall structure. Depending on the relative alignment of the facing wall section and the gabion wall section, the gap can, for example, have a tapered cross-section when viewed laterally. The facing wall section is anchored in the subsoil by at least one anchor section penetrating the gabion wall section. The anchor section can be attached to the facing wall section, for example, using a dowel plate.

[0009] Typically, the anchor section is driven or inserted through the gabion wall section into the subsoil behind the gabion wall section before the facing wall section is installed. For this purpose, a hole can be pre-drilled in both the gabion wall section and the subsoil behind the gabion wall section. After inserting the anchor section into this hole, it can be grouted with a cement slurry, for example, which expands upon hardening. This allows the anchor section to be reliably anchored in the subsoil.

[0010] Finally, the retaining wall structure according to the invention also comprises that the space between the gabion wall section and the facing wall section is at least partially filled with a hardening filler material, which additionally firmly bonds the gabion wall section to the facing wall section. This ultimately results in a solid retaining wall structure made up of sections firmly connected to one another and to the subsoil, with the side of the retaining wall structure facing the subsoil being essentially formed by the gabion wall section, and the side of the retaining wall structure facing away from the subsoil being essentially formed by the facing wall section. The anchor sections and the filler material reliably anchor the retaining wall structure as a whole in the subsoil.

[0011] In a further development, the retaining wall section comprises a prefabricated concrete wall. This significantly reduces the effort required on site to construct the retaining wall structure. This also reduces the costs for constructing the retaining wall structure according to the invention.

[0012] In a further development, the facing wall section is provided with a cladding on one visible side. This allows the inventive retaining wall construction to be used in a wide variety of scenarios. For example, the cladding can visually resemble a natural stone wall, a classic stone-filled gabion, or a wooden structure, etc.

[0013] In a further development, the anchor section is designed to include a micropile. Such a micropile, also typically referred to as a "ground nail," is a commercially available construction element in civil engineering and is therefore inexpensive.

[0014] In a further development, the anchor section in the space between the gabion wall section and the facing wall section is at least partially surrounded by in-situ concrete. This further increases the stability and strength of the retaining wall structure according to the invention.

[0015] In a further development, the hardening filler material is mineral concrete. This is a frost-resistant material with relatively high water permeability.

[0016] In a further development, a base region of the facing wall section is arranged directly adjacent to a base region of the gabion wall section. Consequently, the thickness of the retaining wall structure is increased as little as possible by the facing wall section present in addition to the gabion wall section, thereby expanding the range of applications of the retaining wall structure according to the invention.

[0017] In a further development, the average angle between the gabion wall section and a vertical line is greater than the average angle between the facing wall section and the vertical line. This creates a roughly triangular gap in cross-section, i.e., viewed from the side. This allows the retaining wall structure to require minimal space at the base, while maintaining high stability at the top.

[0018] The method according to the invention for producing a retaining wall structure, in particular for securing an embankment or the like, comprises the following steps: a. arranging a facing wall section relative to a gabion wall section such that an intermediate space is present at least in some areas between the gabion wall section and the facing wall section, b. securing the facing wall section and the gabion wall section by means of an anchor section fastened to the facing wall section and penetrating the gabion wall section, wherein the anchor section is anchored in a subsoil at the end protruding from the facing wall section, c. filling the intermediate space at least in some areas with a hardening filling material.

[0019] In the following, an embodiment of the invention is described with reference to the sole Fig. 1 explained.

[0020] A retaining wall construction supports Fig. 1 as a whole, the reference numeral 10. In the present case, it comprises a gabion wall section 12, which, in the present case, is formed, for example, by four gabion elements 14a-d arranged in a stepped manner, one above the other in the vertical direction, and slightly offset from one another in the horizontal direction. The retaining wall structure 10 serves, in the present case, for example, to stabilize a subsoil 16 of a slope 18. With respect to the retaining wall structure 10, the gabion wall section 12 with the gabion elements 14a-d is located inward, i.e., toward the subsoil 16.

[0021] The retaining wall structure 10 also includes a facing wall section 20. This is located on the outside of the retaining wall structure 10, i.e. on the side of the retaining wall structure 10 facing away from the subsoil 16. Between the gabion wall section 12 and the facing wall section 20, a gap 22 is present in some areas. It is understood that the retaining wall structure 10 is arranged in a direction approximately perpendicular to the plane of the Fig. 1 ("depth direction") can have almost any desired extent. For this purpose, for example, a plurality of facing wall sections 20 and a plurality of gabion wall sections 12 can be arranged adjacent to one another and / or firmly connected to one another in the depth direction.

[0022] The facing wall section 20 is anchored in the building ground 16 by means of an anchor section 24, wherein in an embodiment not shown both in the Fig. 1 as well as in a direction perpendicular to the plane of Fig. 1, several such anchor sections can also be used. For this purpose, the anchor section 24 penetrates the uppermost gabion element 14d in the figure. For anchoring in the subsoil 16, the anchor section 24 is typically inserted several meters, for example 2-3 m, into a previously drilled hole in the subsoil 16, into which a hardening and expanding cement suspension is then injected. Furthermore, the intermediate space 22 is partially filled with a hardening filling material 26, for example, a mineral concrete.

[0023] The facing wall section 20 is embodied, for example, as a prefabricated wall, for example made of concrete. On a visible side 28 facing away from the subsoil 16, the facing wall section 20 has, for example, a cladding 30, which creates a desired visual appearance for the facing wall section 20.

[0024] The above-mentioned anchor section 24 is designed as a so-called micropile or ground nail. This is typically made of structural steel. It is connected to the facing wall section 20 in its Fig. 1 upper area. For this purpose, a plate 34 is attached to the facing wall section 20 on a rear side 32 of the facing wall section 20 facing the gabion wall section 12 or the subsoil 16 with dowels 36. The plate 34 is typically also made of structural steel.

[0025] A fastening section 37, which projects toward the anchor section 24, is attached to the plate 34, for example, by welding. The fastening section 37 is in turn connected to the anchor section 24 by a connecting device 38, which can be a connecting device typical in building and / or civil engineering for connecting steel reinforcement or the like. It can be seen that the area of ​​the anchor section 24 located in the intermediate space 22, in which the connecting device 38 is also located, is surrounded by in-situ concrete 40.

[0026] A foot area 42 of the front wall section 20 is, in the present example, immediately adjacent to a foot area 44 of the Fig. 1 of the lowest gabion element 14a. A mean angle 46 between the gabion wall section 12 and a vertical 48 is greater than a mean angle 50 between the facing wall section 20 and the vertical 48. A typical inclination of the facing wall section 20 is in the range of 8:1.

[0027] Thus, the distance between the gabion wall section 12 and the facing wall section 20 increases starting from the two foot areas 42 and 44 in Fig. 1 upwards to the upper ends 52 and 54 of the facing wall 20 and the gabion wall 12. This gives the gap 22 between the gabion wall section 12 and the facing wall section 20 an approximately triangular cross-section when viewed from the side. The gap between the lowest gabion element 14a and the base area 42 of the facing wall section 20 is filled with concrete 56.

[0028] The base region 42 of the facing wall section 20 is supported on a foundation 58 made of cast-in-place concrete and secured therein by a connecting reinforcement 60 projecting downward from the facing wall section 20. For the drainage of liquids, a drainage pipe 62 can be arranged, for example, in the fill material 26 formed by mineral concrete in the intermediate space 22. Furthermore, a channel 64 can be provided in the area of ​​the foundation 58, also for the drainage of liquids. The foundation 58 can also be anchored in the subsoil 16 by a micropile or ground nail 66.

[0029] Typically, the retaining wall structure 10 is constructed as part of a rehabilitation of the slope 18, which includes one or more gabion wall sections 12. However, this is not mandatory. In the context of such an exemplary rehabilitation, initially only the slope 18 with at least one gabion wall section 12 and the gabion elements 14a-d—here, as an example—is present. To stabilize these, the anchor section 24 is first driven through the gabion wall section 12 into the subsoil 16 or secured therein.

[0030] Then, the foundation 58 is constructed, at least in sections, and the facing wall section 20 is arranged as a prefabricated component in the desired position and connected to the anchor section 24, thereby securing it. Finally, the foundation 58 is finalized, the concrete 56 is poured, the drainage pipe 62 is inserted, the fill material or mineral concrete 26 is poured into the intermediate space 22, the in-situ concrete 40 is poured, and finally, the top is filled with soil 68 or the like. QUOTES CONTAINED IN THE DESCRIPTION

[0000] This list of documents submitted by the applicant was generated automatically and is included solely for the convenience of the reader. This list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions. Cited patent literature

[0000] EP 1 775 388 A2

[0002]

Claims

[1] Retaining wall construction (10), in particular for securing a slope (18) or the like, comprising at least one inner gabion wall section (12) and at least one outer facing wall section (20), characterized by that between the gabion wall section (12) and the facing wall section (20) there is at least in some areas an intermediate space (22), that the facing wall section (20) is anchored in a building ground (16) (24) by means of at least one anchor section penetrating the gabion wall section (12), and that the intermediate space (22) is at least in some areas filled with a hardening filling material (26). [2] Retaining wall construction (10) according to claim 1, characterized by that the front wall section (20) comprises a prefabricated concrete wall. [3] Retaining wall construction (10) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized bythat the front wall section (20) has a cladding (30) on a visible side (28). [4] Retaining wall construction (10) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the anchor section (24) comprises a micropile. [5] Retaining wall construction (10) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the anchor section (24) in the intermediate space (22) between the gabion wall section (12) and the facing wall section (20) is at least partially surrounded by in-situ concrete (40). [6] Retaining wall construction (10) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the hardening filling material (26) comprises a mineral concrete. [7] Retaining wall construction (10) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized by that a foot region (42) of the facing wall section (20) is arranged immediately adjacent to a foot region (44) of the gabion wall section (12). [8] Retaining wall construction (10) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized by that a mean angle (46) between the gabion wall section (12) and a vertical (48) is greater than a mean angle (50) between the facing wall section (20) and the vertical (48). [9] Method for producing a retaining wall structure (10), in particular for securing a slope (18) or the like, comprising the following steps: a. Arranging a facing wall section (20) relative to a gabion wall section (12) such that an intermediate space (22) is present at least in some areas between the gabion wall section (12) and the facing wall section (20), b. Securing the facing wall section (20) and the gabion wall section (12) by means of an anchor section (24) attached to the facing wall section (20) and penetrating the gabion wall section (12), wherein the anchor section (24) is anchored in a subsoil (16) at the end projecting from the facing wall section (20), c. at least partially filling the intermediate space (22) with a hardening filling material (26).

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