Multi-channel switching arrangement for mechanically switching fiber optic bundles and light or similar radiation-transmitting arrangement

Abstract

The invention relates to a multi-channel switching arrangement (1000) for the mechanical switching of fiber optic bundles, comprising a first input-side and a number of second output-side fiber optic bundles (10, 20A, 20B, 20C), wherein - the input and output fiber optic bundles are each held on a movable input and output fiber carrier (10 FT, 20 FT) which can be positioned laterally relative to each other during switching, that for the transmission of light or the like electromagnetic radiation (S) between one of the input-side fiber optic bundles (10) and one of the output-side fiber optic bundles (20A, 20B, 20C) the fiber cross-sections of which are positioned opposite each other in a beam-coupling manner, wherein - each of the input and output fiber optic bundles (10, 20A, 20B, 20C) is separated into a, in particular identical, number (a) of individual fibers (EF), and - for the transmission of radiation between a selected input-side fiber optic bundle (10) and a selected output-side fiber optic bundle (20A), the individual fiber cross-sections of the individual fibers (10.1, ...20A.7) are positioned opposite each other in a radiation-coupling manner such that radiation (S) can be transmitted between the separated individual fibers (10.1, ...20A.7).

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to a multi-channel switching arrangement for the mechanical switching of fiber optic bundles. The invention also relates to a light- or similar radiation-transmitting arrangement and a cascade comprising the multi-channel switching arrangement.

[0002] Such a multi-channel switching arrangement for the mechanical switching of fiber optic bundles is not known to date.

[0003] Using the multi-channel switching arrangement, a first fiber optic bundle should be connected to the input side and a number of second fiber optic bundles to the output side. Appropriate fiber optic bundle cables should then be able to be connected to these fiber optic bundles using suitable connectors.

[0004] In the aforementioned desirable multi-channel switching arrangement, the input and output fiber optic bundles should each be held on a movable input and output fiber carrier, which can be positioned laterally relative to each other during switching in such a way that, for the transmission of light or similar electromagnetic radiation between the input and output fiber optic bundles, their fiber cross-sections are positioned opposite each other in a beam-coupling manner.

[0005] A fiber optic switch is a well-known device for the relative positioning of optical fibers (individual fibers); for example, a product from Piezosystem is described at the following product link: https: / / www.piezosystem.com / de / product / faserschalter / . Optical switches of this type, controlled by a piezo actuator, achieve switching times in the millisecond range and position the fiber cross-sections of the optical fibers relative to each other with an accuracy in the micrometer range. This positioning accuracy enables fiber-to-fiber transmission above 80%, and typical switching speeds are less than one millisecond.

[0006] Such direct fiber optic switches are often preferred over optical or fiber optic switching arrangements realized via free-space or optical components such as lenses or prisms, since the latter are often limited by wavelength and cannot be designed to be arbitrarily robust for installation in complex systems.

[0007] The principle of such fiber optic switches can, in principle, also be used to switch optical fibers (single fibers) of relatively large thickness, i.e., to switch so-called thick-core or multimode fibers. However, this presents a certain disadvantage: firstly, with a thick-core or multimode fiber with a fiber cross-section of up to 600 µm or even a potentially larger cross-section, the fiber-to-fiber transmission rate drops significantly. Secondly, the fiber itself can be damaged during high-power transmission if the optical losses manifest as heat input. Most importantly, however, the switching speed decreases with increasing cross-section and an increasing number of channels in the case of a multichannel switching arrangement, and can then be as low as 10 ms, for example, with fiber core cross-sections of 600 µm or more.

[0008] These aspects can only be partially remedied by a clever selection of lateral relative movement amplitudes of input and output fiber carriers; the latter is partly known, for example, from the products of the company LEONI - described, for instance, in the product catalog on page 8; shown under the product link: https: / / pdf.directindustrv.de / pdf / leoni-aq / faseroptische-schalter / 14158-77750.html .

[0009] Fiber bundles with a plurality of individual fibers are now sought after as a technical solution when fiber-optic light or similar high-intensity radiation is to be transmitted, requiring a large cross-sectional area of ​​light-guiding surface. At the same time, the high mechanical flexibility of many thinner individual fiber bundles or even individual fibers is desired. However, optical fiber bundles and a multi-channel switching arrangement with minimal loss are not known or have not been implemented in a sufficiently practical way using existing principles. Switches for individual fibers, as described in principle in DE 26 51 776 A1, exhibit far too high a transmission loss when applying the switching principle described above.

[0010] The principle of a piezomechanical actuator for the relative positioning of two individual fibers (not fiber bundles) is described, for example, in EP 0 476 241 A2; however, other implementation possibilities for the laterally variable positioning of carriers for individual optical fibers are also possible, so the arrangement described above should be understood as merely an example. The variant shown here is not suitable, in particular, for a multichannel switching arrangement for the mechanical switching of fiber optic bundles with a first input-side and a number of output-side fiber optic bundles.

[0011] The invention addresses this point, and its object is to provide a multi-channel switching arrangement for the mechanical switching of fiber optic bundles of the type mentioned above, and a light or similar radiation-transmitting arrangement with a multi-channel switching arrangement, by means of which the transmission of light or similar electromagnetic radiation via a first input-side and a second output-side fiber optic bundle is to be advantageously effected, i.e., in particular by utilizing the flexibility of the individual fibers of the fiber optic bundles or, if applicable, of individual fiber optic bundles, but especially individual fibers. In particular, this is to be made possible while avoiding or at least significantly reducing the transmission losses of the electromagnetic radiation to be transmitted, especially light.

[0012] The problem relating to a multi-channel switching arrangement is solved by the invention with a multi-channel switching arrangement according to claim 1.

[0013] The invention is based on a multi-channel switching arrangement for the mechanical switching of fiber optic bundles, with a first input-side and a number of second output-side fiber optic bundles, wherein the input-side and output-side fiber optic bundles are each held on a movable input-side and output-side fiber carrier, which can be positioned laterally relative to each other during switching in such a way that, for the transmission of light or the like, electromagnetic radiation between one of the input-side fiber optic bundles and one of the output-side fiber optic bundles, the fiber cross-sections of which are positioned opposite each other in a beam-coupling manner.

[0014] According to the invention, it is further provided that - each of the input and output fiber optic bundles is separated into a, in particular identical, number of individual fibers, and - for the transmission of radiation between a selected input-side fiber optic bundle and a selected output-side fiber optic bundle, the individual fiber cross-sections of which individual fibers are positioned opposite each other in such a way that radiation can be transmitted between the separated individual fibers.

[0015] The invention is based on the premise that the aforementioned principle is fundamentally applicable to the transmission of light or similar electromagnetic radiation between an input and output fiber optic bundle whose fiber cross-sections are positioned opposite each other at beam couplers. The invention further considers that while this principle has proven successful for use with individual fiber optic fibers, problems increasingly arise when the cross-section of the individual fiber increases, thus reducing its flexibility, or when the cross-section of a single fiber bundle increases, thereby increasing transmission losses during switching between fiber bundles. This principle therefore requires further improvement, particularly with regard to achieving the most loss-free transmission possible.

[0016] Starting from this, the invention further recognizes that, for the transmission of radiation between a selected input-side fiber optic bundle and a selected output-side fiber optic bundle, it is possible to position the individual fiber cross-sections of the individual fibers opposite each other in such a way as to couple radiation between them, so that radiation can be transmitted between the separated individual fibers.

[0017] The invention thus utilizes the advantage of the proven principle of a radiation-coupling, particularly light-coupling, relative positioning of individual fibers for the transmission of light or similar electromagnetic radiation (especially in the UV, VIS, NIR, and IR ranges). The invention makes this possible, surprisingly, by separating larger fiber-optic bundles at the input and output sides into individual fibers. This measure is surprising insofar as it results in greater complexity in the fiber routing, but yields significantly greater advantages in the transmission process for the electromagnetic radiation. The invention also surprisingly incorporates the finding that the fiber bundles can be guided by means of their individual fibers. In particular, this can be advantageously supported by a favorable and sufficient fixation of an individual fiber.If necessary, individual fiber bundles so that they can be positioned sufficiently accurately opposite each other.

[0018] In this surprisingly efficient manner, losses are achieved even when the individual fibers are positioned relative to each other for radiation coupling; however, the sum of these losses is significantly lower than if the input and output fiber optic bundles were positioned relative to each other. The invention's findings have proven their worth and are also reflected in the innovative approach to implementing both the mechanical switching and the guidance of the individual fibers.

[0019] The invention thus achieves the use of fiber bundles as an alternative to thick-core or similar multimode fibers, with their inherent high photon yield and at the same time the possibility of guiding light or similar radiation of high intensity via a very flexible guidance of the individual fibers or, if applicable, individual fiber bundles as a real part of these input and output fiber bundles.

[0020] The invention thus surprisingly utilizes the knowledge that separating the fiber optic bundles not only has advantages with regard to fiber guidance, but also with regard to the transmission of radiation between the input and output fiber optic bundles, when these are positioned opposite each other with their individual fiber cross-sections in a light-coupling manner.

[0021] The transmission of light or similar radiation between the separated individual fibers is therefore also possible in applications with complex system arrangements, since the individual fibers, possibly in individual fiber bundles, can be laid or guided quite flexibly in the complex arrangement and, on the other hand, the transmission losses are significantly reduced compared to coupling fiber optic bundles as a whole bundle.

[0022] To solve the problem, the invention also leads to a cascade of multichannel switching arrangements according to the concept of the invention. The cascade of multichannel switching arrangements is designed such that a number of multichannel switching arrangements are arranged in a multi-stage cascaded sequence.

[0023] This means in particular that a second input-side fiber optic bundle of a second stage of the cascade is connected to a first output-side fiber optic bundle of a first stage of the cascade in a radiation-coupling manner with respect to the individual fiber cross-sections of the individual fibers and can be positioned laterally relative to each other.

[0024] In a preferred embodiment, the cascade is implemented with up to three or four stages, where a multichannel switching arrangement comprises three or four channels. Advantageously, this allows the generation of a signal count that is a third or even a fourth power of the number of channels in a multichannel switching arrangement. In other words, the output fiber optic bundles of the cascade offer transmission options for a signal count of up to a × nCH^s, where s represents the number of stages.

[0025] With nCH=4 channels and s=2 stages, that's 16 signals; with s=3 stages, it's 64 signals.

[0026] Multichannel switching arrangements can also be implemented with more than one input-side fiber optic bundle.

[0027] To solve the problem, the invention also relates to a light or similar radiation-transmitting arrangement with the multi-channel switching arrangement according to the concept of the invention, as well as with a radiation source that is coupled to an input-side fiber optic bundle in a radiation-transmitting manner and to a radiation sensor or a radiation tool or similar radiation application that is coupled to an output-side fiber optic bundle in a radiation-receiving manner, in particular via fiber optic bundle lines connected to these fiber optic bundles by means of suitable connectors.

[0028] Further developments of the invention are specified in the dependent claims, which further develop the concept of the invention with regard to advantageous features within the scope of the problem statement and with regard to further advantages.

[0029] In a particularly preferred embodiment, the end faces of the individual fibers, with their respective cross-sectional areas, are positioned opposite each other for radiation coupling, maintaining a distance of 70 µm to 200 µm between the end faces. This distance range generally allows sufficient radiation coupling, i.e., to transmit light or similar electromagnetic radiation (possibly varying depending on its wavelength) between the end faces of the input and output individual fibers. Furthermore, it ensures that the end faces of the individual fibers do not come too close to each other; thus, jamming or similar interference is largely prevented.

[0030] Based on the above considerations, the invention recognizes that it is nevertheless possible to retain the aforementioned proven principle by separating each of the input and output fiber optic bundles, ideally into a (particularly identical) number of individual fibers, or, if necessary, in a further development, into individual fiber bundles. An individual fiber bundle can comprise a very small number, possibly up to three individual fibers. The advantages regarding fiber routing are retained (provided the individual fiber is not too thick, or depending on this), and the advantages regarding radiation transmission between the input and output fiber optic bundles are also retained if these are positioned opposite each other with their individual fiber cross-sections in a light-coupling manner.The concept of the invention is therefore best realized by separating the fiber bundles into individual fibers, offering the aforementioned advantages, and optionally, to a certain extent, by separating them into individual fiber bundles with a small number of individual fibers, up to three. In the particularly preferred embodiment, it is thus provided that the individual fiber bundle of an input and / or output fiber optic bundle consists of a single fiber or a fraction thereof, wherein the fraction represents a true fraction of the number of individual fibers in the fiber optic bundle.

[0031] As part of a particularly preferred further development, it is provided that the single fiber bundle of an input and / or output fiber optic bundle consists of a single single fiber.

[0032] In a particularly preferred embodiment, the number of fibers in individual fiber bundles, especially individual fibers, is the same for both the input and output fiber optic bundles, and the number of fibers a is between a = 3 and a = 19, particularly between 3 and 9. Preferably, a fiber bundle contains a = 3, 7, or 9 individual fibers. Under certain circumstances, a fiber number a = 19 is also possible. The individual fibers in the fiber bundle are advantageously distributed over the cross-section of the bundle in a very dense packing.

[0033] As part of a particularly preferred further development, it is provided that the input-side fiber optic bundles consist of a single input-side fiber optic bundle. In other words, the multichannel switching arrangement has only a single input fiber optic bundle.

[0034] In a particularly preferred embodiment, it is provided that the output-side fiber optic bundles comprise a number of output-side fiber optic bundles, wherein each individual output-side fiber optic bundle is assigned to one of the number of output channels, particularly with a number of channels nCH between nCH=2 and nCH=9, preferably 3 or 4.

[0035] In a particularly preferred embodiment, each of the input and output fiber optic bundles is separated into a finger structure with, in particular, the same number of individual fibers. The finger structure on the input side of the fiber optic bundle is coupled to the finger structure on the output side of the fiber optic bundle, in particular such that an actuable lateral distance exists between the fingers of the finger structure. This distance corresponds to an actuable lateral switching distance (pitch), in particular a multiple thereof according to the number of channels. It is found that, for switching, a lateral movement amplitude (a pitch) is best achieved between the first individual fibers of the fiber bundles, between the second individual fibers of the fiber bundles, between the third individual fibers of the fiber bundles, and so on.up to, for example, the seventh individual fibers of the fiber bundles --i.e., between the nth individual fibers of the fiber bundles-- is given.

[0036] This has the advantage that the lateral movement amplitude (pitch) is comparatively small for a given actuator, especially a piezo actuator. Other advantages are also realized with such an arrangement; for example, fiber crosstalk during switching is avoided, since only the cross-sections of corresponding fibers pass each other. Depending on its length, a piezo actuator can achieve a lateral movement amplitude (a value of one pitch) of at least 600 µm; in exceptional cases, more. Another advantage is that shorter switching paths also allow for faster switching times.

[0037] The number of output-side fiber optic bundles is preferably 3 or 4. In this respect, a preferred embodiment relates to a multichannel switching arrangement of 1 to 3 or 4 fiber bundles (1×3 or 1×4 multichannel switching arrangement) with a number of a=7 individual fibers in a fiber bundle.

[0038] In a particularly preferred further development, it is provided that the output-side fiber optic bundles are arranged together on a movable output-side fiber carrier, so that these output-side fiber optic bundles are laterally movable together with a movement of the output-side bundle carrier.

[0039] In a particularly preferred embodiment, the output fiber optic bundles provide transmission options for a signal number (a × nCH) up to a × nCH, i.e., with a fiber number (a) of individual fiber bundles, in particular individual fibers, for a channel number (nCH) of output channels, but at least a signal number a corresponding to the output channels or a signal number a corresponding to the fiber number. In the embodiment described above, the signal number a × nCH is preferably 7×3 or 7×4.

[0040] In a particularly preferred embodiment, it is provided that the input and output fiber carriers each have a lateral movement amplitude which is designed with respect to a relative switching distance (pitch) of the individual fiber bundles, in particular individual fibers, wherein an output-side switching distance is twice as large as an input-side switching distance, in particular wherein - the input-side fiber carrier has a lateral movement amplitude of a switching distance of two or three pitches, and - the output-side fiber carrier has a lateral movement amplitude of a switching distance equal to one pitch.

[0041] The concept of the invention has proven particularly successful for fiber bundle cross-sections of fiber optic bundles that are generally above 200 µm, 400 µm, 500 µm, 600 µm, or above 1 mm, preferably where fiber bundle cross-sections are larger than 1 cm², and particularly larger than 4 cm² or more. Fiber bundles with, for example, 400 µm cross-sections of the individual fibers are conceivable; with a number of 7 fibers in a fiber bundle, this results in a fiber bundle cross-section of approximately 1.3 mm², possibly above 2.8 mm², or above 5 mm² in a densely packed arrangement.

[0042] In a particularly preferred embodiment, the number of individual fibers or the individual fibers themselves are fixed within a groove, especially a V-groove, of the carrier. Fixing the fibers in a groove has proven particularly effective in ensuring the relative positioning of the individual fiber cross-sections of the fiber bundles, and especially of the individual fibers, despite the relative dynamics during switching.

[0043] As part of a particularly preferred further development, it is provided that, for switching, the input and output fiber carriers can be positioned laterally relative to each other by means of a piezo-mechanical actuator, wherein an amplitude limitation of the piezo-mechanical actuator is realized by means of a stop device in such a way that the fiber cross-sections are positioned opposite each other in a light-coupling manner.

[0044] Embodiments of the invention are now described below with reference to the drawings and comparison with the prior art, some of which is also shown. These drawings are not necessarily to scale; rather, where explanatory, they are presented in a schematic and / or slightly distorted form. For further details regarding the teachings directly apparent from the drawings, reference is made to the relevant prior art. It should be noted that numerous modifications and changes concerning the form and details of an embodiment can be made without deviating from the general idea of ​​the invention. The features of the invention disclosed in the description, the drawings, and the claims can be essential for the further development of the invention, both individually and in any combination.Furthermore, all combinations of at least two of the features disclosed in the description, the drawings, and / or the claims fall within the scope of the invention. The general idea of ​​the invention is not limited to the exact form or detail of the preferred embodiment shown and described below, nor is it limited to an object that would be limited compared to the object claimed in the claims. In the case of specified dimensioning ranges, values ​​within the stated limits are also intended to be disclosed as limit values ​​and can be used and claimed as desired.

[0045] Further advantages, features and details of the invention will become apparent from the following description of the preferred embodiments and from the drawing, which shows: Fig. 1: A purely schematic representation in which input and output individual fibers (one to the second of four) are positioned opposite each other in such a way that radiation can be transmitted between the separated individual fibers, i.e., to illustrate the switching principle between a single input-side individual fiber and a number of output-side individual fibers; these can each be considered as a separate part of corresponding input-side and output-side fiber optic bundles; Fig. 2: a design scheme of a preferred embodiment of a multi-channel switching arrangement with input and output fiber optic bundles, in which the separated number of individual fibers is recognizable, wherein for each individual fiber the transmission of radiation between the input and output fiber optic bundles is enabled separately; Fig. 3: A flowchart illustrating the procedure for transmitting radiation between input and output fiber optic bundles using a multichannel switching arrangement according to the design scheme of a preferred embodiment of the Fig. 2; Fig. 4: a light or similar radiation transmitting arrangement with a multi-channel switching arrangement according to the concept of the invention; Fig. 5: a light or similar radiation transmitting arrangement with a cascade of multi-channel switching arrangements according to the concept of the invention.

[0046] A problem with thick-core / multimode fibers, which are inherently advantageous, is that while they offer high photon yield and intensity, they are difficult to install in applications with complex system configurations due to their limited flexibility. These core fibers can have a core diameter of up to 600 µm.

[0047] Compared to thick-core fiber switches, i.e., for large optical fiber cross-sections whose fibers are inherently rather inflexible, the fiber bundle switch allows for much more flexible routing of inputs and outputs with the same optical fiber cross-section and also enables flexible dynamic routing of the fiber connections, which would not be possible with thick-core fibers.

[0048] Fiber bundles therefore offer system-related advantages, especially in device integration, automation technology, or similar applications – however, the transmission for fiber bundles decreases considerably in switching arrangements such as those for thick core / multimode fibers.

[0049] Fig. Figure 1 shows – as a detail relating to the concept of the invention, to illustrate the multi-channel switching arrangement for the mechanical switching of fiber optic bundles – an example of the principle of a switching arrangement 100.1, which is further explained within the framework of the Fig. 2. Further reference is made to this.

[0050] The switching arrangement 100.1 can be understood as part of a multi-channel switching arrangement for the mechanical switching of individual fiber optic fibers EF, wherein, in this case, one input-side single fiber 1E and four output-side fibers 1A, 2A, 3A, and 4A are identifiable. For the transmission of light or similar electromagnetic radiation S from an input side (IN) to an output side (OFF)—i.e., between the input and output-side single fibers EF, 1E and EF, 1A, 2A, 3A, and 4A, respectively—the fiber cross-section of the input-side single fiber EF, 1E is positioned in a beam-coupling manner relative to the cross-section of the output-side fiber EF to be coupled—in this case, single fiber 2A.

[0051] The fixation of the single input-side fiber EF, 1E on a fiber carrier is ensured by its insertion into a groove N, in this case a V-groove (not shown in detail). The input-side fiber carrier 10 FT can now be positioned with an input-side movement amplitude A_EIN with respect to a relative switching distance (pitch) of the individual fibers—specifically, relative to the arrangement of the output-side individual fibers EF, 1A, 2A, 3A, and 4A.

[0052] In this case, the input-side fiber carrier 10 FT has a lateral movement amplitude A_EIN of two pitches; it can, so to speak, be positioned laterally once on the second output-side single fiber EF, 2A and once on the fourth output-side single fiber EF, 4A.

[0053] Accordingly, the output-side fiber carrier 20 FT can exhibit a lateral output-side movement amplitude A_AUS of a pitch; in the Fig. In the position shown in Figure 1 of the input-side fiber carrier 10 FT relative to the output-side fiber carrier 20 FT, the single input fiber EF, 1E and the second output-side single fiber EF, 2A are radiation-coupled by having their cross-sections positioned opposite each other; starting from this position, the output-side fiber carrier 20 FT can be laterally variably positioned with a lateral output-side movement amplitude A_AUS of a pitch. That is, starting from the position shown in Figure 1, the output-side fiber carrier 20 FT can be variably positioned with a lateral output-side movement amplitude A_AUS of one pitch. Fig. In the position shown, the single input-side fiber EF, 1E can also radiatively couple the first or third output-side fiber EF, 1A or EF, 3A, respectively. During switching, the single fiber carriers 10 FT, 20 FT (each with an input-side movement amplitude A_IN of 2 pitches or an output-side movement amplitude A_OUT of 1 pitch) can be laterally variably positioned relative to each other during switching such that the input and output-side fiber cross-sections of the single fibers EF are positioned opposite each other for radiation coupling. Fig. 1 are the second output-side single fiber EF, 2A to the single input-side single fiber EF, 1E.

[0054] Fig. Figure 2 shows a multi-channel switching arrangement 100 according to the concept of the invention for the mechanical switching of fiber optic bundles 10, 20A, 20B, 20C, i.e., with a first input-side fiber optic bundle 10 and a number of second output-side fiber optic bundles 20A, 20B, 20C. The input-side fiber optic bundle 10 is the only fiber optic bundle 10 assigned to an input channel EIN.

[0055] The three output-side fiber optic bundles 20A, 20B, 20C shown here as examples are each assigned to output channels Ch1, Ch2, Ch3; ​​the corresponding fiber bundle cross-sections QB of the aforementioned fiber optic bundles 10, 20A, 20B, 20C are shown in Fig. 2 is also shown schematically. In these, as well as in the detailed representations of the paths of the individual fibers of the aforementioned fiber optic bundles, the individual fibers of the same can be seen.

[0056] The input fiber optic bundle 10 consists of seven individual fibers, which are designated here as 10.1 to 10.7. For the sake of clarity, the specific analogous designation for the output fiber optic bundles 20A, 20B, 20C is omitted. Fig. 2. A distance is taken; these individual fibers are to be designated accordingly with 20A.1...20A.7 or 20B.1 ... 20B.7 or 20C.1 ... 20C.7.

[0057] The fiber optic bundles and output-side individual fibers of the output side OFF, assigned to the different channels Ch1, Ch2, Ch3, are shown in a color code of blue, green, and yellow (corresponding to solid, dashed, and dotted lines, respectively) - the input-side individual fibers 10.1..10.7 of the fiber optic bundle 10 on the input side ON are shown in a color code of black.

[0058] With reference to Fig. 1 can be used for the light-coupling relative arrangement of a single fiber EF of the input-side single fiber optic bundle 10, for example, as in Fig. 2 shown, the first single fiber EF “presently designated 10.1” (with the blue color coding on the input side EIN) can be understood - this would correspond to the single fiber EF, 1E in the Fig. 1. A number of first fibers of the three output-side bundles 20A, 20B, 20C (assigned to channels Ch1, Ch2, Ch3) – i.e., in this case, the fibers designated as single fibers 20A.1, 20B.1, 20C.1 – are used as one of the output-side single fibers 1A, 2A, 3A in the Fig. 1 shown.

[0059] In other words, the first single fiber, referring to the multichannel switching arrangement 100 of the Fig. 2 on the input side IN, i.e. the single fiber 10.1 of the input-side fiber bundle 10, is switched by means of the input-side movement amplitude A_IN to one of the output-side single fibers according to the channels Ch1, Ch2, Ch3, i.e. one of the single fibers named 20A.1, 20B.1, 20C.1 of the output-side fiber bundles 20A, 20B, 20C.

[0060] According to the concept of the invention, it is further ensured that each of the input and output fiber optic bundles 10, 20A, 20B, 20C is separated into an identical number of a = 7 individual fibers as previously described, i.e., on the input side (IN) there are individual fibers 10.1 to 10.7 and on the output side (OUT) there are individual fibers 20A.1 to 20A.7 or 20B.1 to 20B.7 or 20C.1 to 20C.7, respectively, which form part of the multichannel switching arrangement 100.

[0061] The individual fibers are laid by separating the fiber optic bundles 10 or 20A, 20B, 20C. The spacing of the individual fibers is chosen such that, when a fiber carrier 10 FT or 20 FT is in a position, the first individual fiber EF of the input-side fiber bundle 10 – i.e., the individual fiber 10.1 – is radiatively coupled opposite the first individual fiber of the first output-side fiber bundle 20A, and thus to the first channel Ch1, i.e., the individual fiber 20A.1.

[0062] The individual fibers 10.1, 20A.1 are positioned opposite each other in such a way that radiation can be transmitted between the separated individual fibers 10.1, 20A.1.

[0063] Furthermore, this is guaranteed for the second to seventh individual fiber 10.2 to 10.7 of the input-side fiber bundle or for the output-side fibers 20A.2 to 20A.7 of the fiber bundle 20A assigned to the first channel Ch1 (blue color coding).

[0064] In other words, the individual fibers 10.1 to 10.7 of the input side EIN, with their individual fiber cross-sections, are positioned opposite the individual fibers 20A.1 to 20A.7 in a radiation-coupling manner, so that radiation between the separated individual fibers of the input side is transmittable to the individual fibers of the first channel Ch1, i.e., the first output-side fiber bundle 20A.

[0065] This requirement is clearly given for the in Fig. 2. Recognizable switching position of the input-side fiber carrier 10 FT relative to the output-side fiber carrier 20 FT. The distances in units of a pitch are now all the same on the output-side fiber carrier 20 FT; namely, such that by means of a relative movement amplitude A_IN or A_OFF either the input-side fiber carrier 10 FT and / or the second output-side fiber carrier 20 FT can be switched relative to each other.

[0066] For example, a second switching position results (in Fig. (2 not shown, but easily imagined) such that the input-side fiber carrier 10 FT switches all input-side individual fibers EF, 10.1 to 10.7 of the input-side fiber bundle 10 to the third output-side fiber bundle 20C, which is assigned to the third channel Ch3, via an input-side movement amplitude A_EIN of two pitches. That is, in this case, such that all individual fibers of the input-side fiber bundle 10 and the third output-side fiber bundle 20C are positioned opposite each other in a radiation-coupling manner, such that radiation can be transmitted between the separated individual fibers 10.1...10.7 of the input-side fiber bundle 10 and the separated individual fibers 20C.1...20.7 of the third output-side fiber bundle 20C. In other words, the individual fiber cross-sections are positioned opposite each other when the input-side fiber carrier is 10 FT with a movement amplitude A_EIN of two pitches -in the in Fig. 2 recognizable downward direction-- switches and then the individual fiber cross-sections of the individual fibers 10.1...10.7 are positioned opposite the individual fiber cross-sections of the individual fibers 20C.1 to 20C.7.

[0067] In a third switching position, the output-side fiber carrier then switches 20 FT by an output-side movement amplitude A_OFF of a pitch in the Fig. 2. In the recognizable downward direction, the corresponding situation arises for the input-side fiber bundle 10 in a radiation-coupling manner with respect to the second output-side fiber bundle 20B, which is assigned to the second channel Ch2.

[0068] The cross-sectional area of ​​the fiber optic bundles 10, 20A, 20B, 20C, with the present number of a=7 individual fibers EF, can be larger than 50 µm, in particular larger than 200 µm, 400 µm, 500 µm, or 600 µm. The fixation of the individual fibers 10.1 to 10.7, 20A.1 to 20A.7, 20B.1 to 20B.7, and 20C.1 to 20C.7 is ensured by securing the individual fibers EF in a V-groove of the carrier 10 FT or 20 FT.

[0069] Each of the fiber carriers 10 FT, 20 FT is actuated piezo-mechanically with a corresponding trigger force, whereby the amplitude of each carrier 10 FT, 20 FT is limited by a suitably adjusted mechanical stop device. This achieves an exceptionally precise relative positioning of the aforementioned type for all individual fibers 10.1 to 10.7 of the input fiber bundle 10 relative to the individual fibers of each of the output fiber bundles 20A, 20B, 20C; the transmission losses are exceptionally low, certainly lower than if each of the bundles 10, 20A, 20B, 20C were left as such and switched bundle by bundle.

[0070] The stop-based switching of a single fiber EF of an input-side fiber array – namely the single fibers 10.1...10.7 of the input-side fiber bundle 10 on the input-side fiber carrier 10FT – to an output-side fiber array of single fibers EF – namely, depending on the switching position of the fiber carriers 10FT and 20FT, the single fibers 20A.1...20A.7 of the first output-side fiber bundle 20A, the single fibers 20B.1...20B.7 of the second output-side fiber bundle 20B, and the single fibers 20C.1...20C.7 of the third output-side fiber bundle 20C on the output-side fiber carrier 20FT – offers the aforementioned advantages.

[0071] The switching positions of the 10 FT and 20 FT fiber carriers could therefore (in terms of channels for the input / output side) be "1 to 1" and "1 to 3" during a 2-pitch switching operation of the input-side 10 FT fiber carrier; starting from the switching position "1 to 3," it could also be the switching position "1 to 2" during a 1-pitch switching operation of the output-side 10 FT fiber carrier. This switching position "1 to 2" could also (in terms of channels for the input / output side) occur during a "1-pitch" switching operation of the output-side 10 FT fiber carrier (starting from the position in the Fig. The 2 shown switching positions of the fiber carriers 10 FT, 20 FT for “1 to 1”) can be achieved.

[0072] The switching principle can be applied to any number of channels—for example, 4 channels as in Fig. 1 shown-- to be extended.

[0073] In short, using the same switching principle, it would then be possible to switch single fibers EF, 10.1...10.7 laid in a V-pitch on the input side ON with a double pitch (2 pitches) to single fibers EF, 20A.1...20A.7, 20B.1...20B.7, 20C.1...20C.7, 20D.1...20D.7 laid in a V-pitch on the output side OFF with a single pitch, also for 4 channels (instead of 3 as in Fig. 2) Therefore, if the double-pitch circuit of the input fibers of the input array is ON on the input side, for example at position 2 and position 4, the single-pitch circuit of the output fibers of the output array can be switched between any two adjacent fibers on the output side of the fiber array, thus serving all four transmission channels.

[0074] Part of the invention for creating a fiber bundle switch is therefore to switch the individual fibers 10.1 ... 10.7 of the input bundle 10 individually, thus ensuring that the losses in the switch are only as high as for a single fiber EF. The individual fibers are arranged in such a way that all fibers on the input side are mechanically and precisely grouped together, and correspondingly, all fibers of the output fibers to be switched (i.e., the individual fibers 20A.1 ... 20C.7 of the output bundles 20A, 20B, 20C) are also grouped together, so that all fibers of the respective addressed output channel can be coupled in an orderly manner with a single switching stage.

[0075] Therefore, the focus here is on the individual fibers, as in Fig. Figure 2 illustrates this, specifically on a=7 fibers of an input-side fiber optic bundle, and switches the entire bundle according to the principle mentioned above; however, the entire array is moved. That is, the left side (input) has a pitch of, for example, 2, and the right side with channels 1, 2, and 3 has a pitch of 1 for switching between adjacent fibers, so that all individual fibers can be switched via this, not separately, but within the matrix, so to speak.

[0076] The circuit arrangement thus comprises splitting the input ON into seven different individual fibers, which are flexible, and collecting them on the right side of the switch for the individual channels, namely in fiber bundles for channel Ch1, Ch2 and Ch3 respectively. This achieves a high photon yield and simultaneously allows the thin fibers of the fiber optic bundles 10, 20A, 20B, 20C to be bent within the complex device.

[0077] The principle of the present invention is described in its operating mode in a flowchart in Fig. 3 shown.

[0078] Starting with a single channel (single-channel input) on the input side, the input-side fiber bundle 10 is separated into a number of a=7 individual fibers 10.1 to 10.7 of the input-side fiber bundle 10; this constitutes the first step V1 in the design of the arrangement. This step V1 may optionally also include the input side (IN) comprising not only a single fiber bundle 10, but also multiple fiber bundles such as 10.A, 10.B, or 10.C (not shown) – the input side (IN) therefore does not have to be a single channel, but can also be designed as a multi-channel.

[0079] In a second step V2, it is provided that the input-side fiber carrier 10FT on the input side is switched to a corresponding switching position (approximately as in Fig. 2 to the switching position shown there ("1 to 1"), specifically with an amplitude A_IN of two pitches. Accordingly, to achieve this switching position "1 to 1", the fiber carrier switches to a position corresponding to the value "Off-Pitch".

[0080] In such or other possible switching positions, for the transmission of radiation between the input and output fiber optic bundles 10 or 20A or 20B or 20C, the individual fiber cross-sections of the individual fibers are all positioned opposite each other in such a radiation-coupling manner that radiation can be transmitted between the separated individual fibers, specifically for at least one of the channels Ch1 or Ch2 or Ch3.

[0081] For the channel then switched in this way (in Fig. 2 Ch1) the signals for the number of fibers a are then combined into that channel --for example, as in Fig. 2. Channel Ch1 is selected from a number nCh of channels. The representation of the Fig. Figure 2 presents an example where three channels, Ch1, Ch2, and Ch3, are available. Depending on the design of the output-side fiber carrier (20 FT on the output side OFF), four channels, Ch1 to Ch4, can also be used with the given pitch amplitude selection, as shown in Fig. 1 is shown as an example.

[0082] One output can therefore be switched to a multi-channel output, as is the case in Fig. 3 is symbolically illustrated.

[0083] Fig. Figure 4 shows a schematic representation of a light or similar radiation-transmitting arrangement 1000 with the multi-channel switching arrangement 100 as described herein.

[0084] The multi-channel switching arrangement 100 is coupled in a radiation-transmitting manner to an input-side fiber optic bundle 10, which in turn can be connected to a fiber optic bundle line 10L, for example to a radiation source 10Q, by means of a suitable plug connection.

[0085] On an output side OFF, for example, for each of the channels Ch1, Ch2, Ch3, an output-side fiber optic bundle 20A or 20B or 20C --depending on the switching position of the multi-channel switching arrangement 100 as explained above-- can be connected via a connected output-side fiber optic bundle line 20L to an application 20S for each of the channels Ch1, Ch2, Ch3, for example, suitable sensor technology.

[0086] Fig. Figure 5 shows a light or similar radiation transmitting arrangement 2000 with a cascade of multichannel switching arrangements in present s=3 stages.

[0087] In this case, a first multi-channel switching arrangement 100 is present in a first stage, namely according to the concept of the invention as shown by Fig. 2. Specifically explained, planned.

[0088] In a second stage, three multi-channel switching arrangements 200.1, 200.2, 200.3 of this type are arranged in a two-stage cascaded sequence such that - as in the switching position of the Fig. Figure 5 shows that a second input fiber optic bundle – here 200.1 – of the second stage of the cascade is connected to the first, output-side fiber optic bundle 100 of the first stage of the cascade in a beam-coupling manner and can be positioned laterally relative to each other. This also means that each of the input and output-side fiber optic bundles is separated into a number of individual fibers EF (in this case, the blue channel of the output-side fiber optic bundle 100 in the first stage), specifically an identical number a=7. For the transmission of radiation between the input and output-side fiber optic bundles 100 and 200.1, the cross-sectional areas of the individual fibers EF are positioned opposite each other in a beam-coupling manner such that radiation can be transmitted between the separated individual fibers. At the output of the second stage, there are therefore 3^s, or 3^2=9, output-side fiber bundles.

[0089] In a third stage, nine multi-channel switching arrangements 300.1, 300.2, 300.3 ... 300.9 of this type are arranged in a three-stage cascaded sequence such that - as in the switching position of the Fig. Figure 5 shows that a second input fiber optic bundle – here 300.1 – of the third stage of the cascade is beam-coupled to the first, output-side fiber optic bundle 200.1 of the second stage of the cascade and can be positioned laterally relative to each other. This should also be understood to mean that each of the input and output-side fiber optic bundles is separated into a number of individual fibers EF (in this case, the blue channel of the output-side fiber optic bundle 200.1 in the second stage), specifically an identical number a=7. For the transmission of radiation between the input and output-side fiber optic bundles 200.1 and 300.1, the cross-sectional areas of the individual fibers are positioned opposite each other in a beam-coupling manner, such that radiation can be transmitted between the separated individual fibers. At the output of the third stage, there are therefore 3^s, or 3^3=27 output-side fiber bundles.

[0090] In the case of 4 channels (schematically shown in Fig. 1) With an analog cascade at the output of the second stage, 4^s, i.e., 4^2 = 16 output-side fiber bundles could be realized, and at the output of the third stage, 4^s, i.e., 4^3 = 64 output-side fiber bundles could be realized for the variable switching of a signal number according to the multiplication by the number of fibers a, where a = 7.

[0091] In summary, according to the concept of the invention, a multi-channel switching arrangement for the mechanical switching of fiber optic bundles, with a first input-side and a number of second output-side fiber optic bundles, is described here, wherein - the input and output fiber optic bundles are each held on a movable input and output fiber carrier, which can be positioned laterally relative to each other during switching.

[0092] It is provided that, for the transmission of light or similar electromagnetic radiation between the input and output fiber optic bundles, the fiber cross-sections are positioned opposite each other in a beam-coupling manner.

[0093] Furthermore, it is planned that - each of the input and output fiber optic bundles is separated into a, in particular identical, number of fibers (a) of individual fiber bundles, in particular individual fibers, and - for the transmission of radiation between the input and output fiber optic bundles, the individual fiber cross-sections of the individual fiber bundles, in particular the individual fibers, are positioned opposite each other in such a way as to enable radiation coupling, so that radiation can be transmitted between the separated individual fiber bundles, in particular individual fibers.

[0094] Specifically, it is planned that - each of the input and output fiber optic bundles 10, 20A, 20B, 20C is separated into a, in particular identical, number a of individual fibers EF, and - for the transmission of radiation between a selected input-side fiber optic bundle 10 and a selected output-side fiber optic bundle 20A, the individual fiber cross-sections of the individual fibers 10.1, ...20A.7 are positioned opposite each other in such a way that radiation S can be transmitted between the separated individual fibers 10.1, ...20A.7. REFERENCE SIGN LIST (PART OF THE DESCRIPTION) 100 Multi-channel switching arrangement 100.1 Switching arrangement 200.1, 200.2, 200.3 Multichannel switching arrangement of the second stage in a cascade 300.1 ...300.9 Multichannel switching arrangement of the third stage in a cascade EF single fiber 10 FT input-side fiber carrier 20 FT output-side fiber carrier 1E input-side single fiber 1A, 2A, 3A, 4A four output-side fibers S radiation level, number of levels A_IN, A_OUT inbound and outbound lateral movement amplitude, “1-Pitch” / “2-Pitch” 100 Multi-channel switching arrangement 10 input-side fiber optic bundles 20A, 20B, 20C, 20D output-side fiber optic bundles ONE input channel OFF Home page CH1, CH2, CH3 output channels QB Fiber bundle cross-sections 10.1 - 10.7 seven individual fibers of the input side 20A.1 ...20A.7 seven individual fibers of the output side 20B.1 .. 20B.7 seven single fibers of the output side 20C.1 .. 20C.7 seven individual fibers of the output side 10 FT, 20 FT fiber carriers A_IN or A_OUT relative amplitude of movement V1 first step V2 second step nCh Number of channels 1000 radiation-transmitting arrangement 2000 cascades of multi-channel switching arrangements 10L bundled pipe 10Q, 10S radiation source, radiation application a fiber number Pitch switching distance QUOTES CONTAINED IN THE DESCRIPTION

[0000] This list of documents cited by the applicant was automatically generated and is included solely for the reader's convenience. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA accepts no liability for any errors or omissions. Cited patent literature

[0000] DE 26 51 776 A1

[0009] EP 0 476 241 A2

[0010] Cited non-patent literature

[0000] https: / / pdf.directindustrv.de / pdf / leoni-aq / faseroptische-schalter / 14158-77750.html

[0008]

Claims

[1] Multi-channel switching arrangement (1000) for mechanically switching fiber optic bundles, with a first input-side and a number of second output-side fiber optic bundles (10, 20A, 20B, 20C), wherein - the input-side and output-side fiber optic bundles are each held on a movable input-side and output-side fiber carrier (10FT, 20FT), which can be positioned laterally in a variable manner relative to one another during switching such that for the transmission of light or similar electromagnetic radiation (S) between one of the input-side fiber optic bundles (10) and one of the output-side fiber optic bundles (20A, 20B, 20C) their fiber cross-sections are positioned opposite one another in a beam-coupling manner, wherein - each of the input and output fiber optic bundles (10, 20A, 20B, 20C) is separated into a, in particular identical, number (a) of individual fibers (EF), and - for the transmission of radiation between a selected input-side fiber optic bundle (10) and a selected output-side fiber optic bundle (20A), the individual fiber cross-sections of the individual fibers (10.1, ...20A.7) are positioned opposite one another in a radiation-coupling manner such that radiation (S) is transmittable between the separated individual fibers (10.1, ...20A.7). [2] Multi-channel switching arrangement according to claim 1, characterized by that the end faces of the individual fibers with their individual fiber cross-sections (10.1, ...20A.7) are positioned opposite one another in a radiation-coupling manner, wherein the end faces maintain a distance in a range of 70 µm to 200 µm. [3] Multi-channel switching arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized bythat the single fiber (EF) is part of a single fiber bundle of up to a small number of up to three single fibers (EF), in particular in the multi-channel switching arrangement the single fiber bundle of an input and / or output fiber optic bundle consists of a single single fiber (10.1, ...20C.7). [4] Multi-channel switching arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the number of individual fibers (a) is the same in the input-side and output-side fiber optic bundle, in particular the number of fibers (a) is between 3 and 9, in particular 3, 7 or 9 in the input-side fiber optic bundle(s) (10) and the output-side fiber optic bundle(s) (20A, 20B, 20C). [5] Multi-channel switching arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the input-side fiber optic bundle (10) is a single input-side fiber optic bundle. [6] Multi-channel switching arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by in that the output-side fiber optic bundles (20A, 20B, 20C) comprise a channel number (nCH) of output-side fiber optic bundles, wherein each individual output-side fiber optic bundle is assigned to one of the output-side channels (CH1 ...CH3 ...CHn) of the channel number (nCH), in particular with a channel number (nCH) between 2 and 9, preferably 3 or 4. [7] Multi-channel switching arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized bythat each of the input-side and output-side fiber optic bundles is separated into a finger structure with the, in particular identical, number (a) of individual fibers (10.1...20C.7), wherein the finger structure on the side of the input-side fiber optic bundle engages the finger structure on the side of the output-side fiber optic bundle in a radiation-coupling manner, in particular in such a way that an actuatable lateral switching distance (pitch), in particular a multiple thereof according to the number of channels (nCH), is provided between the fingers of the finger structure. [8] Multi-channel switching arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the output-side fiber optic bundles (20A, 20B, 20C) are arranged together on a movable output-side fiber carrier (20 FT), so that these output-side fiber optic bundles (20A, 20B, 20C) are jointly laterally movable with a movement of the output-side bundle carrier (20 FT). [9] Multi-channel switching arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the output-side fiber optic bundles (20A, 20B, 20C) offer transmission options for a number of signals up to a × nCH, ie with a fiber number (a) of individual fibers for a channel number (nCH) of output-side channels (CH1 ...CH3...CHn), but at least a signal number corresponding to the output-side channels (CH1 ...CH3...CHn) or a signal number corresponding to the fiber number (a). [10] Multi-channel switching arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the input-side and output-side fiber carrier each has a lateral movement amplitude which is designed in relation to a relative switching distance (pitch) of the individual fibers, wherein an output-side switching distance is twice as large as an input-side switching distance, in particular wherein - the input-side fiber carrier has a lateral movement amplitude of a switching distance equal to two pitches, and - the output fiber carrier has a lateral movement amplitude of a switching distance equal to one pitch. [11] Multi-channel switching arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that a fiber bundle cross-section of the fiber optic bundles with the individual fibers (EF) is overall greater than 50 µm, in particular greater than 200 µm, 400 µm, 500 µm, 600 µm or 1 mm, preferably greater than 1 cm, in particular greater than 4 cm or more. [12] Multi-channel switching arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the individual fibers or the individual fiber is fixed in a groove, in particular a V-groove, of the fiber carrier (10 FT, 20 FT). [13] Multi-channel switching arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized byin that, for switching purposes, the input- and output-side fiber carriers can be positioned laterally in a variable manner relative to one another by means of a piezo-mechanical actuator, wherein an amplitude limitation of the piezo-mechanical actuator, in particular to the switching distance in the value of one pitch or two pitches, is realized by means of a stop means in such a way that the fiber cross-sections can be positioned opposite one another in a radiation-coupling manner. [14] Cascade of multi-channel switching arrangements according to one of the preceding claims, characterized bythat a number of multi-channel switching arrangements are arranged in a multi-stage cascaded sequence, in particular such that a second input-side fiber-optic bundle of a second stage of the cascade is connected in a radiation-coupled manner to a first, output-side fiber-optic bundle of a first stage of the cascade with respect to the individual fiber cross-sections of the individual fibers and can be positioned laterally in a variable manner relative to one another. [15] Cascade according to claim 14 having a number (s) of three or four stages, wherein a multi-channel switching arrangement has a channel number (nCH) of three or four channels. [16] An arrangement transmitting light or similar radiation, comprising a multi-channel switching arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 13 or a cascade according to claim 14 or 15, and an interface to a radiation source (10Q) which can be coupled to an input-side fiber optic bundle (10) in a radiation-transmitting manner, and an interface to a radiation sensor or a radiation tool or similar radiation application (10S) which can be coupled to an output-side fiber optic bundle (10A, 20B, 20C) in a radiation-receiving manner.

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