Monitored tensioning device for a support beam of an elevator system

Abstract

The following descriptions relate to a tensioning device (10, 12) for a beam element (9, 11) of an elevator system (1), comprising a frame (18), at least one deflection element (10.1, 10.2, 12.1, 12.2), at least one tensioning element for tensioning the beam element (9, 11), at least one first damper (17.1) for damping the deflection element (10.1, 10.2, 12.1, 12.2), and at least one first sensor (27) for monitoring the first damper (17.1), wherein the first damper (17.1) is arranged between the deflection element (10.1, 10.2, 12.1, 12.2) and the frame (18), wherein the first damper (17.1) is separated from the frame (18) by at least one penetration element (24) by a first defined distance (A) is spaced apart, wherein the penetration element (24) is designed to penetrate at a limit force, such that the first damper (17.1) overcomes the distance (A) to the frame (18) when the penetration element (24) is penetrated and the first sensor (27) detects the first damper (17.1) overcoming the distance (A).

Description

Technical area

[0001] The following embodiments relate to a tensioning device for a supporting beam of an elevator system, comprising a frame, at least one deflection means for deflecting the supporting beam, at least one tensioning element for tensioning the supporting beam by applying force to the deflection means and at least one first damper for damping the deflection means.

[0002] Furthermore, the following embodiments relate to an elevator system, comprising at least one vertically extending elevator shaft, at least one first elevator car movable in the elevator shaft, a first support means connecting the first elevator car to a first counterweight, wherein the first support means is guided via a first drive device arranged above the first elevator car and fixed relative to the elevator shaft, and a first beam means connecting the first elevator car to the first counterweight, wherein the first beam means is guided via a first tensioning device arranged below the first elevator car and fixed relative to the elevator shaft. Technical background

[0003] Elevator systems for the vertical transport of people and / or goods are an integral part of modern residential and commercial buildings. A typical elevator system comprises one or more elevator shafts in which one or more elevator cars are moved between landing positions by means of drives such as suspension drives or linear drives.

[0004] In elevator systems driven by suspension elements, the problem arises above a certain car speed that the suspension element loses its grip on the drive mechanism, for example, on a traction sheave, due to excessive centrifugal forces. Therefore, support elements, usually designed as lower ropes, are provided, via which the pretension of the suspension element is adjusted using a tensioning device to ensure sufficient grip on the drive mechanism.

[0005] Such tensioning devices typically feature dampers that can dampen stress peaks occurring in the beams. The damping forces occurring at such dampers are also monitored by sensors to detect overtensioning of the beams, for example, when the counterweights touch a stop or when a car-side or counterweight-side safety gear is triggered. This prevents the car or counterweight from springing back elastically based on the recorded data. However, the disadvantages of previously known sensor monitoring systems are their complex design and poor accessibility.

[0006] Lower cable tensioning devices are known, for example, from EP 1 142 815 A1 or EP 1 142 816 A1. Furthermore, a monitoring system for such a lower cable tensioning device is known from US 2023 / 0052952 A1. Description - Technical solution

[0007] Based on this situation, the present task is to propose a simple tensioning device with which an overtensioning of the beam element can be reliably detected.

[0008] The present problem is solved by the features of the independent main claims. Advantageous embodiments are specified in the subclaims. To the extent technically feasible, the teachings of the subclaims can be combined arbitrarily with the teachings of the main and subclaims.

[0009] In particular, the object is accordingly achieved by a tensioning device for a supporting beam of an elevator installation, comprising a frame, at least one deflection means for deflecting the supporting beam, at least one tensioning element for tensioning the supporting beam by applying force to the deflection means, at least one first damper for damping the deflection means and at least one first sensor for monitoring the first damper, wherein the first damper is arranged between the deflection means and the frame, wherein the first damper is spaced from the frame by at least one penetration element by a first defined distance, such that a damping force absorbed by the first damper is guided into the frame via the penetration element, wherein the penetration element is designed to penetrate at a limit force,such that the first damper overcomes the defined distance to the frame upon penetration of the penetration element and wherein the first sensor detects an overcoming of the defined distance by the first damper.,

[0010] Advantageous aspects are explained below, and preferred modified embodiments are described further below. Explanations, particularly regarding advantages and definitions of features, are essentially descriptive and preferred, but not limiting, examples. If an explanation is limiting, this will be expressly stated.

[0011] Where ordinal numbers ("first", "second", etc.) are used, for example to designate a component, an element, a method step, or a method action, these ordinal numbers are intended purely for differentiation in the designation and do not indicate any dependencies or sequences. This means, in particular, that, for example, a device does not have to have a "first component" in order to have a "second component." A device can also have only a "first component" without having another component, or a "first component" and a "third component" without necessarily having a "second component." Multiple units with the same ordinal number can also be provided, for example, multiple "first components."

[0012] As understood here, an elevator system is designed, for example, with at least one vertical elevator shaft and at least one car, but can also have several parallel vertical elevator shafts and / or several cars, in particular several cars in one elevator shaft. A car is held on a support means on a first side of a drive device and driven via the support means, wherein the drive device transmits the drive torque to the support means via a drive shaft. The support means is further preferably connected on a second side of the drive device by means of the support means to a counterweight assigned to the car. A drive device is arranged, in particular, in a machine room above the elevator shaft(s) or in an upper section of an elevator shaft, the so-called shaft head.A support means is designed in particular as a rope, belt, strap, chain or the like and carries tensile loads in the direction of its longitudinal extension.

[0013] An elevator shaft is a continuous shaft that extends over several floors and / or along several areas of a building and has a cross-section designed for the passage of the elevator car. The elevator shaft connects several landing positions, where a landing door and a car door create a temporary passage between the elevator car and the landing position when the elevator car stops.

[0014] A support element is designed in particular to correspond to the support element, for example, as a rope, belt, strap, chain, or the like, and carries tensile loads in the direction of its longitudinal extension. The support element forms a closed loop with the car, the counterweight, and the support element, which can be pre-tensioned to ensure sufficient static friction of the support element against the drive device.

[0015] A drive device is formed, in particular, by a motor and a deflection means driven by the motor, wherein the support means bears against the driven deflection means with sufficient static friction to apply a drive torque to the support means. The deflection means is, for example, a drive pulley for a support means designed as a cable or a contact surface on a drive shaft for a support means designed as a belt. The motor is, for example, an electric motor, a pneumatic motor, or a hydraulic motor and acts on the driven deflection means directly or via a gear.

[0016] A tensioning device is formed in particular by one or more deflection means, which is / are mounted so as to be subjected to force, in particular in the vertical direction. Insofar as a deflection means is discussed below, corresponding embodiments with multiple deflection means are also to be read. As a tensioning element, for example, a mechanical, hydraulic or pneumatic spring acts on a shaft on which the deflection means is held or which forms the deflection means. The application of force can be adjustable. The deflection means can also be weighted down as a tensioning element to apply the force. The deflection means is, for example, a guide pulley for a tensioning means designed as a cable or a deflection shaft with a contact surface formed thereon for a tensioning means designed as a belt.

[0017] A damper is designed to absorb force peaks and / or impacts resulting, for example, from load changes in the supporting structure. The damper is configured such that, when the damper is deflected over a specific damping path, a damping force corresponding to the damping path is generated, which is applied to the deflection device. The first damper acts on the deflection device and is configured, for example, to act mechanically, pneumatically, or hydraulically. If the first sensor is configured to monitor the first damper, the first sensor can detect at least one variable that represents a damping path and / or a damping force. In particular, the first sensor is a safety-circuit-approved sensor.

[0018] A breakdown element is a force-transmitting component designed to deform or shift depending on the force acting on it or transmitted by it. A breakdown is understood as a specific degree of deformation or displacement that can occur suddenly, for example, through an intentional failure of the breakdown element, or continuously, for example, during elastic or plastic deformation of the breakdown element. Thus, contrary to its literal meaning, a breakdown can also mean a smooth exceeding of a specific deformation or displacement limit. The breakdown element is therefore designed to only reach a specific deformation or displacement path when a specific force, the limit force, is applied to it.Insofar as the damping force is transmitted into the frame via the penetration element, the damping force or a certain portion of the damping force acts directly on the penetration element, whereby a penetration occurs when the damping force or the certain portion of the damping force reaches the penetration limit defined by the penetration element at the limit force.

[0019] The frame is a fixed element of the clamping device, with a defined distance being formed, in particular, by a gap. Preferably, after the defined distance has been overcome, the first damper is applied or abutted against the frame, so that in this state, a damping force is transmitted directly between the first damper and the frame.

[0020] The solution to the problem with the tensioning device described above therefore comprises the teaching that the force absorbed by the first damper is transmitted via the breakthrough element, wherein the breakthrough element is designed to break through above a certain force which is associated with an overtensioning of the girder means. As a result of overtensioning, the first distance from the first damper is then overcome when the breakthrough element breaks through. Advantageously, overcoming the first distance can be detected very easily and reliably by means of a corresponding first sensor, so that the overtensioning is detected easily and reliably. For this purpose, the first sensor can, for example, be arranged directly in the region of the first distance on the first damper or on the frame, wherein the first distance can be arranged externally and in particular exposed for favorable accessibility.The first sensor and the breakaway elements can then be easily maintained and, if necessary, reset or replaced after a breakaway. Furthermore, the tensioning device can be configured for different forces by selecting and / or adjusting the breakaway element, allowing the tensioning device to be used in elevator systems of various designs.

[0021] As an alternative to the features described above, or in a preferred embodiment of the above, it is provided that the at least one penetration element is designed as a spring element. Advantageously, the penetration then occurs purely elastically without damage to the penetration element, so that resetting or replacing the penetration element after an excess tension of the tensile element is not necessary. Furthermore, the penetration can occur to a certain extent as a continuous movement, so that the penetration does not occur suddenly and a corresponding impact impulse is avoided. In particular, the spring element is designed with a spring characteristic curve that exhibits a sudden or at least significant change in the spring constant in the range of the limit force. Particularly preferably, the spring characteristic curve is degressive. The spring element can also be designed with a constant spring characteristic curve.The first sensor is preferably configured to detect a movement of the first damper toward the frame as overcoming a certain spring travel. For example, in a force-free state of the first damper, the first damper is spaced from the first sensor by a portion of the first distance.

[0022] In a preferred embodiment of the immediately above-described embodiment, the at least one breakaway element is designed as a disc spring element. The disc spring element is designed, in particular, as a single disc spring or as a disc spring assembly and advantageously has a degressive spring characteristic or can be adjusted over a wide range, particularly degressively, by appropriately assembling a disc spring assembly. Thus, the clamping device can be easily and reliably adjusted to a specific limit force using the disc spring assembly.

[0023] In a preferred embodiment of the immediately above-described embodiment, the first damper is attached to the frame by a fastening means, wherein the fastening means extends through the spring element. This initially fixes and positions the first damper on the frame, so that the first damper is supported. In particular, a preload is applied to the spring element for this purpose, so that a force connection is achieved between the first damper and the frame. Furthermore, the fastening means enables guidance of the spring element, so that the spring element cannot deflect the force transmitted by it before reaching the limit force.

[0024] As an alternative to the features described above, or in a preferred embodiment of the above, the tensioning device has an end plate arranged on the head side of the first damper, the end plate having at least one recess, wherein the at least one penetration element is arranged in the recess. The end plate then forms a receptacle for the penetration element on the damper and also forms a reference for the first distance. The penetration element is further guided by the recesses so that the penetration element cannot evade the force transmitted by it before reaching the limit force, particularly if it is designed as a spring element. Due to the head-side arrangement, the components of the tensioning device assigned to detecting the overtension of the tensile member are also arranged in a particularly easily accessible manner.

[0025] As an alternative to the features described above, or in a preferred embodiment of the above, the first sensor is designed as a displacement sensor or contact sensor. These types of sensors provide a particularly simple and error-free way to monitor the first distance or its overcoming. The first sensor can alternatively be designed, for example, as an optical sensor or as a magnetic sensor, in particular as an inductive sensor.

[0026] As an alternative to the features described above, or in a preferred embodiment of the above, a contact element, in particular a contact plate, is arranged on the first damper for contacting the first sensor upon penetration of the penetration element. The contact element enables the first sensor to be actuated without influencing the other configurations of the first damper or the frame. The contact element can, for example, protrude laterally beyond the first damper in order to actuate a first sensor arranged remotely from the first damper. In particular, the first damper can then be arranged centrally below the frame in such a way that the frame largely covers the head of the first damper, with the first sensor then being arranged laterally on the frame and thus outside the projection surface of the first damper.

[0027] As an alternative to the features described above, or in a preferred embodiment of the above, the first sensor is fixedly connected to the frame. The first sensor is then stationary for reliable actuation, with the first damper or a contact element of the first damper moving toward the first sensor to actuate it.

[0028] As an alternative to the features described above, or in a preferred embodiment of the above, the tensioning device has at least one second damper arranged parallel to the first damper and corresponding to the first damper for damping the deflection means, wherein the second damper is arranged between the deflection means and the frame, wherein the second damper is spaced from the frame by at least one spacer element by at least the first defined distance, and wherein the spacer element is designed to compress at a force below the limit force. Insofar as the second damper is arranged parallel to the first damper and corresponding to the first damper, the second damper has, in particular, the same dimensions, in particular the same (longitudinal) extension between the deflection means and the frame, the same settings, and in particular the same force transmission behavior as the first damper.The second damper enables, in particular, a low overall height of the damper and symmetrical force transmission between the deflection means, in particular a plurality of deflection means, and the frame. In order to be able to arrange the second damper in a force-transmitting manner between the deflection means and the frame with the same design as the first damper, the first distance for the second damper must be overcome in a force-transmitting manner. This is advantageously achieved in a particularly simple manner using a simply designed spacer element. The spacer element can then be easily attached to the second damper or the frame and is also cost-effective. Because the spacer element is designed to compress at a force below the limit force, the spacer element advantageously does not hinder or prevent the first damper from overcoming the first distance when the penetration element penetrates.

[0029] In a preferred embodiment of the immediately above-described embodiment, the at least one spacer element is designed as an elastic element, in particular as a rubber disc. The spacer element is then particularly simple in design and also particularly cost-effective, and the spacer element can be easily adjusted or selected to exhibit a force below the limit force required for compression.

[0030] The object is further achieved by an elevator system comprising at least one vertically extending elevator shaft, at least one first elevator car movable in the elevator shaft, a first support means connecting the first elevator car to a first counterweight, wherein the first support means is guided via a first drive device arranged above the first elevator car and fixed relative to the elevator shaft, and a first beam means connecting the first elevator car to the first counterweight, wherein the first beam means is guided via a first tensioning device as described above, arranged below the first elevator car and fixed relative to the elevator shaft. The elevator system achieves the advantages mentioned with regard to the tensioning device described above in a corresponding manner. In particular, an overtension of the beam means can be reliably and easily detected in the elevator system.

[0031] If a tensioning device is designed to be stationary relative to the elevator shaft, the tensioning device is arranged, for example, in the elevator shaft itself, such as in a shaft pit, or in a space adjacent to the elevator shaft on the pit side. Preferably, the tensioning device is screwed to a wall of the elevator shaft or the adjacent space or is otherwise connected in a form-fitting, force-fitting, or material-fitting manner.

[0032] In a preferred embodiment of the immediately above-described embodiment, the elevator installation comprises: at least one second car which is movable in the elevator shaft and is arranged above the first car, a second support means connecting the second car to a second counterweight, wherein the second support means is guided via a second drive device arranged above the second car and is fixed relative to the elevator shaft, and a second beam means connecting the second car to the second counterweight, wherein the second beam means is guided via at least one second tensioning device as described above, which is arranged below the first car and is fixed relative to the elevator shaft. The advantages mentioned with regard to the tensioning device described above then apply accordingly both to the first tensioning device or the first car and to the second tensioning device orof the second elevator car.

[0033] As an alternative to the features described immediately above, or in a preferred embodiment of the features described immediately above, the elevator system comprises a control device signal-connected to the first sensor of at least one of the tensioning devices, wherein the control device is configured to stop and / or immobilize the first elevator car and / or the second elevator car upon detecting actuation of the first sensor. In this way, in the event of a detected overvoltage, uncontrolled movement of the respective elevator car due to the overvoltage and / or elastic behavior of the respective support means is reliably avoided. In particular, this avoids the risk of injury to a person in the respective elevator car. Short description of the drawings

[0034] A preferred technical solution is explained in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings using preferred embodiments. The term "figure" is abbreviated to "Fig." in the drawings. Fig. 1 a schematic view of an elevator system according to an embodiment; Fig. 2 a perspective view of an arrangement of several tensioning devices in a shaft pit of an elevator shaft of an elevator system in one embodiment; Fig. 3 a damper for a clamping device; Fig. 4a shows a section of a clamping device in one embodiment in the area of ​​the connection between the damper and the frame in a perspective view; Fig. 4b another view of the section of the clamping device according to Fig. 4a; Fig. 4c a perspective view of some cut-out components of the clamping device according to the Fig. 4a and Fig. 4b; and Fig. 4d a cross-sectional view through an end plate in the clamping device according to the Fig. 4a to 4c. Detailed description of the drawings

[0035] The described embodiments are merely examples that can be modified and / or supplemented in a variety of ways within the scope of the claims. Each feature described for a specific embodiment can be used independently or in combination with other features in any other embodiment. Each feature described for an embodiment of a specific claim category can also be used correspondingly in an embodiment of a different claim category.

[0036] Fig. 1 shows an elevator installation 1 with an elevator shaft 2 and a first car 3.1 movable in the elevator shaft 2 in the vertical direction V and a second car 3.2 movable in the elevator shaft 2 in the vertical direction V. Fig. The teaching disclosed in Figure 1 is readily applicable to an elevator system 1 with only one car 3.1 movable in the elevator shaft 2. The elevator shaft 2 has a shaft pit 2.1 and a shaft head 2.2 and extends below a machine room 4. The cars 3.1, 3.2 are guided in the elevator shaft 2 on guide rails (not shown in detail) and are held on support means 5.1, 5.2, which are each guided via deflection means 6 and drive devices 7.1, 7.2 and are further connected to counterweights 8.1, 8.2. The counterweights 8.1, 8.2 are arranged, in particular, side by side in the elevator shaft 2.

[0037] The first elevator car 3.1 is further connected to the first counterweight 8.1 via a first beam means 9, wherein the first beam means 9 is guided via a first tensioning device 10. The first tensioning device 10 is formed from the deflection means 10.1, 10.2, which are subjected to force by a tensioning element in a manner not shown in detail to pretension the first beam means 9. The first beam means 9 is guided past the second counterweight 8.2 in front of the latter. In a corresponding manner, the second elevator car 3.2 is connected to the second counterweight 8.2 via a second beam means 11, wherein the second beam means 11 is divided into two sub-strands 11.1, 11.2, which are guided past the first elevator car 3.1. The two sub-strands 11.1, 11.2 are each guided via a second tensioning device 12 and a third tensioning device 13, respectively. The second tensioning device 12 consists of the deflection means 12.1, 12.2, which are subjected to a force by a tensioning element in a manner not shown in detail to prestress the second supporting means 11. The third tensioning device 13 is formed from the deflection means 13.1, 13.2, which are subjected to a force by a tensioning element in a manner not shown in detail to prestress the second supporting means 11.

[0038] The elevator system 1 further comprises a very abstractly depicted control device 15, by means of which the elevator cars 3.1, 3.2 and the drive devices 7.1, 7.2 can be controlled. The control device 15 is signal-connected to sensors of the tensioning devices 10, 12, 13, which are described in more detail below.

[0039] Fig. 2 shows the area of ​​the shaft pit 2.1 in a lift system 1 according to Fig. 1 in perspective view with the tensioning devices 10, 12, 13. The tensioning devices 10, 12, 13 are each screwed to a floor of the shaft pit 2.1 (not shown in detail) via screw connections 16.1, 16.2, 16.3 and are thus fixed relative to the elevator shaft 2. The first tensioning device 10 and the second tensioning device 12 each further comprise a first damper 17.1 and a second damper 17.2, by means of which stress peaks occurring in the beam means 9, 11 can be damped. The dampers 17.1, 17.2 are for this purpose arranged between the deflection means 10.1, 10.2, 12.1, 12.2 and a respective Fig. 2, not shown in detail. A force is applied to the supporting means 9, 11 by the clamping devices 10, 12, 13 in their housings in a manner not shown in detail by clamping elements arranged there.

[0040] Fig. Figure 3 shows a damper 17, which is designed as a hydraulic cylinder standing on a base plate 19 connected in a manner not shown in detail to the deflection means 10.1, 10.2, 12.1, 12.2. The damper 17 has a cylindrical outer housing 20 and a plunger 21 projecting into the housing 20, wherein a spacer element 14 is arranged on the head side of the damper 17 on the plunger 21, via which the damper 17 can be connected to the frame 18. The damper 17 is thus without the spacer element 14 and in the embodiment described below according to the Fig. 4a to 4d can be used as the first damper 17.1 or with the end element 14 as the second damper 17.2 for a clamping device 10, 12.

[0041] The Fig. 4a to 4d show the attachment of a first damper 17.1 to the frame 18 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The first damper 17.1 has a cover plate 22 on an upper side of the tappet 21, as well as a contact element 23 arranged between the cover plate 22 and the tappet 21 and designed as a contact plate. Preferably, the tappet 21, the contact element 23, and the cover plate 22 are connected to one another, in particular glued, welded, or screwed. On the cover plate 22, two recesses 22.1, 22.2 are arranged symmetrically around a central axis of the first damper 17.1, in which, as shown particularly in the Fig. 4c and Fig. 4d, a breakthrough element 24 designed as a disc spring package is arranged. A central recess 24.1 of the breakthrough elements 24 is each formed by Fig. 4a and Fig. 4b, which are designed as a nut-and-screw fastener, penetrate the frame 18, whereby the fasteners 25 create a force-locking connection between the first damper 17.1 and the frame 18. The penetration elements 24, designed as disc spring assemblies, are prestressed by the fasteners 25.

[0042] When the penetration elements 24 are not penetrated, the end plate 22 is spaced from the frame 18 by the penetration elements 24 by a distance A, as shown in particular in Fig.4b. A first sensor 27, designed here as a contact sensor, is also arranged laterally on the frame 18 via a mounting bracket 26, wherein a contacting element 27.1 of the first sensor 27 is arranged opposite the contact element 23 and spaced from the contact element 23 by at least part of the distance A. Upon penetration of the penetration elements 24, i.e., upon elastic deformation of the disc spring assemblies beyond a certain extent such that the contact element 23 contacts the contacting element 27.1, the first sensor 27 is consequently actuated by the contact element 23. List of reference symbols 1 elevator system 2 elevator shaft 2.1 Shaft pit of the elevator shaft 2.2 Shaft head of the elevator shaft 3.1 first car 3.2 second car 4 Engine room 5.1 first load-bearing element 5.2 second support means 6 pulley 7.1 first drive device 7.2 second drive device 8.1 first counterweight 8.2 second counterweight 9 first beam material 10 first clamping device 10.1 Deflection means of the first clamping device 10.2 Deflection means of the first clamping device 11 second beam material 11.1 first sub-strand of the second beam element 11.2 second sub-strand of the second beam element 12 second clamping device 12.1 Deflection means of the second clamping device 12.2 Deflection means of the second clamping device 13 third clamping device 13.1 Deflection means of the third clamping device 13.2 Deflection means of the third clamping device 14 spacer element 15 Control device 16.1 Screw connection 16.2 Screw connection 16.3 Screw connection 17 dampers 17.1 first damper 17.2 second damper 18 frames 19 Base plate 20 Damper housing 21 Damper tappet 22 End plate 22.1 Recess of the end plate 22.2 Recess of the end plate 23 Contact element 24 Breakthrough element 24.1 central recess of the penetration element 25 fasteners 26 mounting brackets 27 first sensor 27.1 Contact element of the first sensor A distance V vertical direction QUOTES CONTAINED IN THE DESCRIPTION

[0000] This list of documents submitted by the applicant was generated automatically and is included solely for the convenience of the reader. This list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions. Cited patent literature

[0000] EP 1 142 815 A1

[0006] EP 1 142 816 A1

[0006] US 2023 / 0052952 A1

[0006]

Claims

[1] Tensioning device (10, 12) for a supporting means (9, 11) of a lift installation (1), comprising a frame (18); at least one deflection means (10.1, 10.2, 12.1, 12.2) for deflecting the supporting means (9, 11); at least one tensioning element for tensioning the supporting means (9, 11) by applying force to the deflection means (10.1, 10.2, 12.1, 12.2); at least one first damper (17.1) for damping the deflection means (10.1, 10.2, 12.1, 12.2); and at least one first sensor (27) for monitoring the first damper (17.1); wherein the first damper (17.1) is arranged between the deflection means (10.1, 10.2, 12.1, 12.2) and the frame (18); wherein the first damper (17.1) is spaced from the frame (18) by at least one penetration element (24) by a first defined distance (A), such that a damping force absorbed by the first damper (17.1) is guided into the frame (18) via the penetration element (24); wherein the penetration element (24) is designed to penetrate at a limit force, such that the first damper (17.1) overcomes the defined distance (A) to the frame (18) upon penetration of the penetration element (24); and wherein the first sensor (27) detects an overcoming of the defined distance (A) by the first damper (17.1). [2] Clamping device (10, 12) according to claim 1, wherein the at least one breakthrough element (24) is designed as a spring element. [3] Clamping device (10, 12) according to claim 2, wherein the at least one breakthrough element (24) is designed as a disc spring element. [4] Clamping device (10, 12) according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the first damper (17.1) is fastened to the frame (18) by a fastening means (25), wherein the fastening means (25) passes through the spring element. [5] Clamping device (10, 12) according to one of the preceding claims, comprising an end plate (22) arranged on the head side of the first damper (17.1) and having at least one recess (22.1, 22.2), wherein the at least one breakthrough element (24) is arranged in the recess (22.1, 22.2). [6] Clamping device (10, 12) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the first sensor (27) is designed as a displacement sensor or contact sensor. [7] Clamping device (10, 12) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein a contact element (23), in particular a contact plate, is arranged on the first damper (17.1) for contacting the first sensor (27) when the penetration element (24) penetrates. [8] Clamping device (10, 12) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the first sensor (27) is fixedly connected to the frame (18). [9] Clamping device (10, 12) according to one of the preceding claims, comprising at least one second damper (17.2) arranged parallel to the first damper (17.1) and corresponding to the first damper (17.1) for damping the deflection means (10.1, 10.2, 12.1, 12.2); wherein the second damper (17.2) is arranged between the deflection means (10.1, 10.2, 12.1, 12.2) and the frame (18); wherein the second damper (17.2) is spaced from the frame (18) by at least one spacer element (14) by at least the first defined distance (A); and wherein the spacer element (14) is designed to compress at a force below the limit force. [10] Clamping device (10, 12) according to claim 9, wherein the at least one spacer element (14) is designed as an elastic element, in particular as a rubber disc. [11] Lift system (1), comprising at least one vertically extending elevator shaft (2); at least one first elevator car (3.1) movable in the elevator shaft (2); a first support means (5.1) connecting the first car (3.1) to a first counterweight (8.1), wherein the first support means (5.1) is guided via a first drive device (7.1) arranged above the first car (3.1) and fixed relative to the elevator shaft (2); and a first support means (9) connecting the first elevator car (3.1) to the first counterweight (8.1), wherein the first support means (9) is guided over a first tensioning device (10) arranged below the first elevator car (3.1), fixed relative to the elevator shaft (2) and designed according to one of the preceding claims. [12] Elevator installation (1) according to claim 11, comprising at least one second car (3.2) movable in the elevator shaft (2) and arranged above the first car (3.1); a second support means (5.2) connecting the second car (3.2) to a second counterweight (8.2), wherein the second support means (5.2) is guided via a second drive device (7.2) arranged above the second car (3.2) and fixed relative to the elevator shaft (2); and a second support means (11) connecting the second elevator car (3.2) to the second counterweight (8.2), wherein the second support means (11) is guided over at least one second tensioning device (12) arranged below the first elevator car (3.1), fixed relative to the elevator shaft (2) and designed according to one of claims 1 to 10. [13] Elevator installation (1) according to claim 11 or 12, comprising a control device (19) signal-connected to the first sensor (27) of at least one of the tensioning devices (10, 12), wherein the control device (15) is designed to stop and / or immobilize the first elevator car (3.1) and / or the second elevator car (3.2) upon detection of actuation of the first sensor (27).

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