Surface element

Abstract

A surface element 1 consists of completely natural and biodegradable materials and is formed from intersecting wooden strips 2, 3, with two wooden strips 2, 3 being joined at an intersection 4, 5. According to the invention, the wooden strips 2, 3 are connected by at least one thread 6, 7, which is guided through the wooden strips 2, 3. The wooden strips 2, 3 are connected using a needle and thread. In this case, a thread 6, 7 can be repeatedly guided through the wooden strips 2, 3, with the thread 6, 7 being entwined with itself and / or with the wooden strips 2, 3.

Description

The invention relates to a surface element according to the features in the preamble of claim 1.Planar elements are known in a wide variety of embodiments and for various intended uses, for example in the form of lattice elements as a spreader, climbing aid or scaffolding for crop plants or else as a scissors fence or folding fence. These are fixed or flexible grid-like constructions of timber battens or timber strips adapted to the respective application or use case, wherein two timber strips are connected to one another in a fixed or articulated manner in a crossing region.Surface elements in the form of lattice elements are also used as growth medium or denture protection device. Such growth casings or denture protection devices serve to support seedlings of young plants, in particular young trees, in the growth and to protect them from denture damage and damage caused by wild animals and other animals.Planar elements, for example lattice elements, grading aids, wood protective structures and growth casings, should ideally remain in nature when used outdoors, in particular in forests, so that they do not have to be reconstructed. However, it is obligatory for them to decompose after the original application without harmful effects on the environment or without the formation of microplasty.In the case of surface elements made of intersecting wood strips, the type and embodiment of the connection of the wood strips in the crossing regions can play a role here in particular. In particular, if connecting means are used which are made of materials which cannot be or are difficult to rot or the joint between the wood strips is produced by a glue joint, residue-free biological rot is more time-consuming or, depending on the products, problematic and practically not present.In general, there is a need for surface elements to design these to be environmentally more friendly and ecological in order to avoid adverse environmental influences both during their use and subsequently, in particular during disposal or recycling.The object of the invention, starting from the prior art, is therefore to create an area element which is both environmentally and functionally improved.According to the invention, this object is achieved in a surface element according to claim 1.Advantageous embodiments and developments of the planar element according to the invention are the subject matter of the dependent claims.Embodiments and modifications of features of the planar element according to the invention, which individually or in combination form the invention in a technically advantageous manner, are also evident from the description and the appended drawings.The planar element is formed from wood strips. The wood strips are connected to each other. According to the invention, the joining is realized by a sewing connection in which the wood strips are connected by at least one thread which is inserted through the wood strips. The wood strips are connected to one another by means of needle and thread. By means of a needle, in particular with the aid of a sewing machine, a through hole is pierced transversely through the wood strips and a thread is drawn in.In particular, a surface element is formed from intersecting wood strips. In this case, the wood strips can cross one another at right angles or at an angle relative to one another, in particular the wood strips cross one another in an X-shape. In crossing regions, two wood strips each lie on or against one another.More than two wood strips can also be sewn together. In this case, at least two wood strips can be arranged overlapping one another and at least one further wood strip can be arranged transversely with respect to the two other wood strips. The at least one further wood strip crosses the two other wood strips.In crossing regions, more than two wood strips can also be arranged one above the other crossing one another and sewn to one another.Preferably, the sewing connection is made by means of a circular-pointed sewing needle. The diameter and geometry of the needle tip as well as the diameter and quality of the thread used are determined in accordance with the type of wood of the wood strips used and their thickness.At least one thread is pierced transversely through a strip of wood. In a crossing region, the two wood strips lie on top of one another. Here, the thread is pierced through the thickness of the two wood strips lying one on top of the other. A sewing needle pierces the two wood strips from above. In this case, an upper thread is guided through the wood strips. A loop is formed on the underside. This loop is gripped by the gripper tip and a lower thread is threaded into the loop. Both threads are pulled upward and are interlaced with the wood strips. A stitch was formed. A continuous plurality of these stitches form one seam.The sewn connection between the wood strips in crossing areas can basically be implemented with a thread. Preferably, a sewing connection is produced with several threads, in particular with an upper thread and a lower thread.The one or more threads are preferably repeatedly guided or stitched through the wood strips several times, wherein the thread or the threads is or are interlaced with one another and / or the wood strip.An advantageous embodiment provides that a seam formed from the one thread or from a plurality of threads extends over the crossing region. A seam connection in the crossing region of two wood strips increases the stability of the surface element.A plurality of seams may also be provided at a distance from one another. In this case, a seam in an intersecting region of two wood strips can be guided transversely over the intersecting region. A further seam is provided at a vertical distance from the first seam with respect to the height of a surface element. A further advantageous embodiment provides that two seams are arranged at a distance from one another, wherein a first seam is provided in the lower region of an intersection and a second seam is provided in the upper region of an intersection.An intersecting region is the region in which two wood strips intersect. The arrangement of the wood strips in the crossing region is substantially X-shaped. The sections of a wood strip adjoining an intersecting center are likewise regarded as intersecting region. In an intersecting region, a seam can run through the double-layer region of the intersection, in which the two wood strips lie completely on top of one another. Within the scope of the invention, a seam in the crossing region is also a seam which is initially cut over a width of a wood strip by a first wood strip, followed by a double-layer width section, in which the two wood strips lie on top of one another, followed in turn by a width section of the second wood strip, in which the seam is cut through the thickness of the second wood strip.A seam extending over an intersecting region preferably runs transversely over the width of a surface element. The seam extends over further wood strips and / or further crossing regions of two wood strips.Preferably, a chain stitch is formed by the at least one thread. A chain stitch is also referred to in technical terms as a chain stitch. The needle pierces next to the point of puncture and thus forms a loop. This is placed around the new puncture site. The thread is concatenated with itself. Repetition of the working steps along the seam line results in a loop chain. From below or below, the chain stitch is shown with loops which are connected to one another. From above or from above, the chain stitch appears as a straight seam.Particularly preferably, the connection of the wood strips in the crossing regions is implemented by two threads as a double-thread double chain stitch. In this way, an elastic seam is formed which does not dissolve by itself.In a preferred embodiment, a loop chain formed from the at least one thread extends over at least two crossing regions and a distance between the two crossing regions.As already explained above, a loop chain can extend over an intersecting region of two wood strips and runs transversely over the width of a surface element. In this case, the loop chain can be sewn to further wood strips alone and / or to further wood strips in crossing regions.The invention provides a fully natural and / or biodegradable sheet. The planar element according to the invention consists entirely of naturally and / or biologically degradable materials. The use of materials which are problematic in the environment, both with regard to the wood strips and the joining of the regions crossing the wood strips, is completely dispensed with.The production of the planar element according to the invention is functional and rational.Planar elements according to the invention can be used for different application purposes, for example as shut-off elements, in particular temporary shut-off elements. Because of their biocompatibility, the surface elements are particularly suitable for forest and agriculture as well as in natural protection. Ants hill and similar biologically protectable objects can be protected by the surface elements or by barriers made from the surface elements. The planar elements and in particular shell-like structures produced from the planar elements can also be used as growth casings or denture protection devices.Preferably, the wood strips consist of veneer of real wood with a thickness of 0.5 mm to 10 mm. The width of the wood strips may vary depending upon the particular application.A wood strip can also be formed from a plurality of layers of wood lamellae which are arranged one on top of the other. The wood strips are formed in several layers, in particular in several layers from veneer strips.The thread consists of a biocompatible and / or biodegradable material. In particular, the thread consists of a renewable raw material, preferably of natural fibers. Here, the use of filaments made of plant fibers, such as filaments made of cotton, is particularly suitable. These are completely degradable without residue.In practice, a thread is also considered to be advantageous which is formed from repeatedly twisted cotton threads. Such a thread can be twisted 3 times or 4 times, for example.Preferably, filaments are used from spun long cotton fibers which have been treated only to the extent that they have been subjected to a conventional yarn pretreatment measure, such as, for example, mercerization and / or washing.The weight of a thread may vary. Tests have shown that cotton sewing threads with a weight of greater than 150 dtex to 3,000 dtex are suitable.For particularly long-lived applications of the surface elements and / or particularly moist climate conditions, filaments based on natural rock wool or basalt filaments are also suitable.It is also possible for the thread to consist of regenerated fibers. These are regenerated fibers from vegetable or animal raw materials which are regenerated by conversion via dissolved compounds in filament form. This means that the yarn of the regenerated fibers is present in the same chemical substance as the starting material. In the context of the invention, use is made of such yarns made of regenerated fibers, which are natural and biodegradable.An embodiment which advantageously embodies the general purpose of use, in particular when the planar elements are used as a denture guard or growth or protective sheath for plants, provides that a flexible planar structure, in particular a layer of nonwoven, is arranged between the wood strips. The flexible sheet is incorporated between the crossing wood strips and sewn together with them. In this way, the space between the wood strips is covered by the fleece. This makes it possible to protect young drives of tree seedlings or the like from damage to bitting and flies.The textile fabric, in particular the fleece, is transparent. Furthermore, the planar structure consists of a biocompatible and / or biodegradable material, in particular of a renewable raw material.A further embodiment provides that a flexible sheet material, preferably a biodegradable nonwoven, is arranged on or under the wood strips, which is connected to the wood strips via the at least one thread, in particular via a plurality of threads. The flexible sheet is sewn to the wood strips.Furthermore, the wood strips can be connected via a fixing tape, for example an adhesive tape, woven fabric tape, textile tape or wood tape. The individual wood strips can be arranged parallel next to one another at a distance or cross one another. One or more fixing bands are connected to the wood strips running transversely over a respective plurality of wood strips. In this way, a prefixing or an additional fixation can be created. The wood strips are connected by a sewing connection formed from at least one thread. The sewing connection may extend longitudinally over a fixing band. At least at the crossing points, the wood strips are fixed via a sewn connection. The wood strips are connected to one another by a seam formed from at least one thread. Furthermore, the wood strips and the fixing band are connected to one another by a seam formed from a thread. In this case, the at least one thread is pushed through the fixing band and a wood strip.The joint by means of the thread connection between the wood strips in crossing areas is fixed, but limitedly articulated. The loop chain formed by the thread or threads enables an elastic connection of the wood strips in the crossing regions. In this way, several wood strips are joined together in an concertina-like manner. The crossing regions joined by suture technology by means of a thread connection form scissors joints which make possible a flexible and limited pushability and distensibility of a planar element. This is advantageous for the transport and / or storage of the surface elements as well as for the use of the surface elements and the production of three-dimensional structures from the surface elements, for example shell-like structures of growth or protective shells or denture protection devices.In particular, a planar element according to the invention is provided for applications in the exterior, in particular in forest and agriculture and in natural protection.The invention is described in more detail below with reference to an exemplary embodiment illustrated in the drawings. The following are shown: FIG. 1 shows a technically schematic view of a surface element according to the invention in a view onto the front side; FIG. 2 shows the surface element in a rear view; FIG. 3 shows a detail from the front view of the surface element; FIG. 4 shows a detail from the view onto the rear side of a surface element, and FIG. 5 shows a technically schematic view of a further embodiment of a surface element according to the invention.A first embodiment of a surface element 1 according to the invention is explained with reference to FIGS. 1 to 4.FIG. 1 shows a view of the front side of a surface element 1.FIG. 2 shows the rear side of the surface element 1,The surface element 1 consists of intersecting wood strips 2, 3. The arrangement of the wood strips 2, 3 is scissors-grid-like or concertina-like, the wood strips 2, 3 intersecting in intersecting regions 4, 5. The number of wood strips 2, 3 and also the thickness of the wood strips 2, 3 and the length of the individual wood strips 2, 3 are carried out in adaptation to the intended use of the planar element 1. A sheet 1 may be formed into an arcuate, semi-circular or tubular structure for practical use.The wood strips 2, 3 are connected to one another by a sewing connection formed from two threads 6, 7.At least one of the threads 6, 7 is pierced transversely through the wood strips 2, 3, wherein the thread 6, 7 is repeatedly guided through the wood strips 2, 3 several times and the threads 6, 7 are entangled with themselves and with the wood strips 2, 3. By sewing, the threads 6, 7 are interlaced to form a loop chain 8. A loop chain 8 extends in each case transversely over the width of a planar element 1. the loop chain 8 extends over individual wood strips 2, 3 and over a free space 9 between two wood strips 2, 3 and in particular the loop chain 8 extends over crossing regions 4, 5 of two wood strips 2, 3.The wood strips 2, 3 are connected to one another by means of a needle and the threads 6, 7. Through-holes are pierced transversely into the wood strips 2, 3 by means of the needle and at least one of the two threads 6 is drawn in and guided in each case through a through-hole. The threads 6, 7 are repeatedly pushed through the wood strips 2, 3, wherein the threads 6, 7 are twisted together on the rear side of the surface element 1. The thread 6, which forms the upper thread of the sewing connection, is guided through the pick strips 2, 3 and is guided upward again to the front side through the next stitch location. In this way, the thread 6 is interlaced with the two wood strips 2, 3. The threads 6, 7 form a chain stitch.A loop chain 8 formed from the threads 6, 7 extends over a plurality of wood strips 2, 3 and corresponding crossing regions 4, 5 and over a free space 9 between two crossing regions 4, 5.Over the height of a surface element 1, a plurality of rows 10, 11 of loop chains 8 are provided. The loop chains 8 are arranged at a distance a from one another. A first row 10 of a loop chain 8 extends below the crossing center point 12 with respect to a crossing region 4, 5; a second row 11 of a loop chain 8 extends above the crossing region 4, 5 with respect to the crossing center point 12.The wood strips 2, 3 are joined together in concertina-like manner.The wood strips 2, 3 consist of a veneer of real wood, which is 0.5 mm to 10 mm thick.The threads 6, 7 consist of a biocompatible or biodegradable material, in particular of a renewable raw material. Preferably, the threads 6, 7 are made of natural fibers, particularly preferably of vegetable fibers such as cotton.Not shown in the drawings is an embodiment of a surface element in which a planar flexible surface structure is incorporated between the individual wood strips 2, 3, in particular made of nonwoven material. The planar structure also preferably consists of a biocompatible and / or biodegradable material, in particular of a renewable raw material.FIG. 5 shows a further embodiment of a surface element 1. the surface element 1 is formed from wood strips 2, 3 connected to one another. The wood strips 2, 3 are joined to one another by at least one thread 6, 7, wherein the thread 6, 7 is inserted through the wood strips 2, 3. This is repeated several times, so that the thread 6, 7 is entangled with itself and / or with the wood strips 2, 3.Individual wood strips 2, 3 have a width b. The width b of the wood strips 2, 3 of a planar element 1 can be the same for all wood strips 2, 3. The width b of the wood strips 2, 3 can also vary.The wood strips 2, 3 are arranged parallel to one another at a defined distance D. The wood strips 2, 3 do not cross each other. A seam formed from a thread 6 or a thread 7 extends transversely over a number of wood strips 2, 3. A loop chain 8 formed from a thread 6 and a thread 7 can also extend transversely over a number of wood strips 2, 3. The seam of a thread 6, 7 or the loop chain 8 runs over a free space 9 between two wood strips 2, 3, wherein the free space 9 substantially corresponds to the distance D between two wood strips 2, 3.Furthermore, it is provided that one fixing belt 13 or several fixing belts 13 is arranged transversely over a number of wood strips 2, 3 arranged next to one another. The fixing tape 13 may be a woven, textile or wood tape. At crossing points 14, a fixing band 13 is joined to the wood strips 2, 3. The joint is a sewn connection and is formed by at least one thread 6, 7 which is inserted through a wood strip 2, 3 and a fixing band 13.The sewing connection formed from a thread 6, 7 can extend transversely over the wood strips 2, 3 and in the longitudinal direction over the fixing belt 13.At least in intersections 14 between the fixing band 13 and the wood strips 2, 3, the fixing band 13 is fixed to the wood strips 2, 3 via a sewn connection.Fig. 5 shows an outline of a flexible sheet structure 15, which is arranged on or under the wood strips 2, 3 and sewn to them by at least one thread 6, 7. The planar structure 15 extends over the surface of the planar element 1.Reference Number:1 Surface element 2 Wood strip 3 Wood strip 4 Crossing region 5 Crossing region 6 Thread 7 Thread 8 Loop chain 9 Free space 10 Row of 8 11 Row of 8 12 Crossing center point 13 Fixing tape 14 Crossing point of 2, 3 and 13 15 Surface structure a Distance b Width of 2, 3 D Distance between 2, 3

Claims

Planar element (1) formed from wood strips (2, 3) connected to one another, characterized in that the wood strips (2, 3) are connected by at least one thread (6, 7) which is inserted through the wood strips (2, 3).Planar element (1) according to Claim 1, characterized in that at least two wood strips (2, 3) are arranged so as to cross one another.Planar element (1) according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the thread (6, 7) is guided repeatedly several times through the wood strips (2, 3) and the thread (6, 7) is interlaced with itself and / or with the wood strips (2, 3).Planar element (1) according to Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the at least one thread (6, 7) is pushed transversely through the thickness of the two wood strips (2, 3) in a crossing region (4, 5) of two wood strips (2, 3).Planar element (1) according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that a seam formed from the one thread (6) or from a plurality of threads (6, 7) extends over a wood strip (2, 3) and / or an intersecting region (4, 5) of two wood strips (2, 3).Planar element according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that a chain stitch is formed by the at least one thread (6, 7).Planar element according to one of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that a loop chain (8) formed from the at least one thread (6, 7) extends over at least two wood strips (2, 3) and a free space (9) between the two wood strips (2, 3).Planar element (1) according to Claim 7, characterized in that a plurality of rows (10, 11) of loop chains (8) arranged at a distance (a) from one another are provided.Planar element according to one of Claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the wood strips (2, 3) consist of veneer of 0.5 mm to 10 mm thickness.Planar element according to one of Claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the thread (6, 7) consists of a biocompatible and / or biodegradable material, in particular of a renewable raw material, preferably of natural fibres, particularly preferably of vegetable fibres such as cotton, or of regenerated fibres.Planar element according to one of Claims 1 to 10, characterized in that a flexible planar structure (15), preferably a biodegradable nonwoven, is arranged on or under the wood strips (2, 3), said flexible planar structure being sewn to the wood strips (2, 3) via the at least one thread (6, 7).Planar element according to one of Claims 1 to 11, characterized in that a flexible planar structure (15), in particular a layer of nonwoven, is arranged between the wood strips (2, 3).Planar element according to claim 12, characterised in that the planar structure (15) consists of a biocompatible and / or biodegradable material, in particular of a renewable raw material.Planar element according to one of Claims 1 to 13, characterized in that a plurality of wood strips (2, 3) are joined together in the manner of concertinas.Planar element according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that a fixing belt (13) runs over a plurality of wood strips (2, 3) and the fixing belt (13) is connected to a wood strip (2, 3) by at least one thread (6, 7), the thread (6, 7) being inserted through the fixing belt (13) and a wood strip (2, 3).

Images