Method for power control of a fuel cell system, fuel cell system, vehicle, computer program product and storage medium

Abstract

The technology disclosed here relates to a method for power control of a fuel cell system (10), comprising: determining a net power setpoint (S1) of the fuel cell system (10), executing a feedforward control (S5) of the fuel cell system (10) based on the net power setpoint (S1), determining a fuel cell load setpoint (S6) of the fuel cell system (10) based on the feedforward control (S5), determining a media specification (S7) of the fuel cell system (10) based on the feedforward control (S5), determining a degradation value (S2) of the fuel cell system (10) and / or determining a current operating strategy (S3) of the fuel cell system (10), wherein the fuel cell load setpoint (S6) is additionally determined based on the degradation value (S2) and / or wherein the media specification (S7) is additionally determined based on the current operating strategy (S3),Determining a net power actual value (S10) of the fuel cell system (10) based on the fuel cell load setpoint (S6) and based on the media specification (S7), and executing the power control based on the net power actual value (S10). The technology further comprises a fuel cell system (10), a vehicle (100), a computer program product (40), and a computer-readable storage medium (50).

Description

[0001] The technology disclosed here relates to a method for power control of a fuel cell system. The technology further relates to a fuel cell system and a vehicle for implementing the method. Furthermore, the described technology relates to a computer program product for implementing the method and a computer-readable storage medium on which such a computer program product is stored.

[0002] Fuel cell systems for mobile applications are known in the art. In a vehicle, the fuel cell system is typically configured to provide energy for a prime mover and / or a backup battery to propel the vehicle. Generic fuel cell systems comprise a fuel cell stack. The fuel cell stack typically comprises multiple fuel cells, each having two electrodes and a membrane arrangement between the two electrodes. In the fuel cell stack, fuel, particularly hydrogen, can react with oxygen during reverse electrolysis, generating electricity. The fuel can be supplied to the fuel cell stack from one or more high-pressure vessels in the vehicle. The oxygen is typically taken from the ambient air.

[0003] In preparation for and during operation of the fuel cell system, the power of the fuel cell system is controlled. The power control takes into account, among other things, the power of auxiliary units for supplying the fuel cell stack with media. To ensure the desired media supply, fluid flows through various line sections of the fuel cell system are also controlled as part of the power control. For power control, a communication interface for the vehicle drive is configured by specifying the actual net power of the fuel cell system. In known power control systems, a load point of the fuel cell system or fuel cells of the fuel cell system is determined by specifying the actual net power. Based on this, specifications for the media supply are created.The respective derivatives should be as close as possible to a required target net power, for example, to achieve dynamic targets that allow the power control system only a short time for correction. In current control structures for fuel cell systems, correlations between load point specifications and net power are determined and stored in inverse tables, which are then used for fuel cell operation. Based on a net power specification, a suitable fuel cell load and a suitable media specification can be determined.

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide improved means for power control of a fuel cell system. The above object is solved by the patent claims. In particular, the above object is solved by the method according to claim 1 and by the fuel cell system, the vehicle, the computer program product and the computer-readable storage medium according to the independent claims. Further advantages of the disclosed technology emerge from the subclaims, the description and the figures. Features described in connection with the method also apply in connection with the fuel cell system, the vehicle, the computer program product and the storage medium and vice versa, so that with regard to the disclosure of the individual aspects, reciprocal reference is and / or can always be made.

[0005] According to a first aspect of the present technology, a method for controlling the power of a fuel cell system is proposed. The method comprises the following steps: - Determining a net power target value of the fuel cell system, - Performing a feedforward control of the fuel cell system based on the net power setpoint, - Determining a fuel cell load setpoint of the fuel cell system based on the feedforward control, - Determining a media specification of the fuel cell system based on the feedforward control, - Determining a degradation value of the fuel cell system and / or determining a current operating strategy of the fuel cell system, - wherein the fuel cell load setpoint is also determined based on the degradation value and / or wherein the media specification is also determined based on the current operating strategy, - Determining a net power actual value of the fuel cell system based on the fuel cell load setpoint and based on the media specification and - Execute power control based on the actual net power value.

[0006] In conventional systems, relatively precise operation is possible as long as the fuel cell system follows predefined relationships. This means that relatively precise dynamic control of the actual net power value is possible in these cases. However, if, for example, degradation processes occur during operation, which may be permanent or reversible, or if adjustment of the operating strategy is necessary for specific reasons during operation, the predefined relationships from the net power specification no longer match the load point or the fuel cell load setpoints used, or the media specification.

[0007] The proposed method, and in particular the targeted consideration of degradation values and / or the current operating strategy, now makes it possible to implement the power control of the fuel cell system relatively simply and with improved precision. This also makes it possible to operate the fuel cell system even more precisely and / or more frequently with the desired performance characteristics. The degradation value and / or the current operating strategy are not considered generally, but rather specifically within the framework of the feedforward control. The feedforward control can be executed in real time.

[0008] The feedforward control of a fuel cell system can be understood as the regulation and / or control of parameters that influence the operation of the fuel cell system before the actual control and / or regulation of the fuel cell system takes place. This means that feedforward control can be understood as a type of pre-control that serves to adjust certain variables in advance in order to optimize the operation of the fuel cell system. Strategies for implementing feedforward control can include aspects such as adjusting an air-fuel ratio, optimizing a temperature distribution within one or more fuel cells, and / or controlling the air and / or fuel supply. Feedforward control can improve the performance of the fuel cell system, reduce energy consumption, and extend the service life of the fuel cell system.

[0009] The degradation value can be understood as at least one degradation value. This means that multiple degradation values can be determined, and the fuel cell load setpoint can be determined accordingly based on multiple degradation values. Accordingly, the fuel cell load setpoint can be understood as at least one fuel cell load setpoint. Accordingly, multiple fuel cell load setpoints can be determined based on multiple degradation values. In other words, a fuel cell load can be determined based on the determined degradation effects.

[0010] The current operating strategy can be understood as control and / or regulated variables, parameters, and / or data that are used and / or suitable for implementing a specific operating mode of the fuel cell system. The current operating mode can also be understood as a modified and / or adjusted operating mode that differs from an originally set and / or existing operating mode. Accordingly, the media specification can be determined, as part of the pre-control and / or subsequently, based on an adjusted and / or changed operating mode.

[0011] In this context, determining a value and / or data can be understood as calculating and / or measuring a value and / or data. This means that, for example, to determine a value, a value can first be measured, which can then be further developed into a final value using a calculation method. The calculation method can be carried out using virtual models. Determining can also be understood as reading data from a computer-readable storage medium.

[0012] A value, for example the degradation value, can be understood here not only as a single value, but for example as a numerical and / or value relationship that can have several numbers, values, units, parameters, formulas, states and / or models to represent a specific degradation.

[0013] The described method can be executed in real time. For example, the degradation value and / or the current operating strategy can be determined in real time. This allows for particularly dynamic and precise power control. Therefore, no stored and / or predefined maps need to be considered to determine the degradation value and / or the current operating strategy.

[0014] The net power setpoint can be understood as a setpoint power based on which, along with other values and / or parameters, the feedforward control can be carried out. The fuel cell load setpoint can be understood as an electrical setpoint load of at least one fuel cell of the fuel cell system or of a fuel cell stack of the fuel cell system. The media specification can be understood as values and / or parameters for setting the desired media flows in the fuel cell system, wherein the media specification can be determined based on the feedforward control. Based on the media specification, for example, a gas mass flow, in particular an air mass flow, and / or a temperature control medium requirement, in particular a coolant requirement, can be determined. The gas mass flow and / or the temperature control medium requirement can be used, along with other values such as the fuel cell load setpoint, to determine the net power actual value.Executing power control based on the actual net power value can be understood as executing based on the actual net power value and based on other values. Accordingly, executing a method step based on a value can be understood as meaning that the method step can be executed based on this value and based on possible other values. If the fuel cell load setpoint changes, for example, as part of power control based on the actual net power value, the media supply can also be changed or adjusted. In other words, as soon as the power control changes the fuel cell load setpoint or a corresponding fuel cell load, the media supply can also be adjusted, specifically in accordance with the variable operating strategy described here.

[0015] According to a further embodiment, the technology described here allows for the feedforward control to be carried out based on a pole curve of the fuel cell system, wherein the pole curve is determined based on the degradation value. This allows the desired power control to be carried out particularly simply and precisely. The actual net power value can therefore be calculated using the current and voltage of at least one fuel cell and / or a fuel cell stack. The relationship between current and voltage, i.e. the so-called pole curve or polarization curve, of a new system can be specified as a characteristic map and, according to the method, determined or modified depending on a determined degradation. An exemplary embodiment of this is the regression of current / voltage tuples measured during operation.

[0016] Furthermore, it is possible for the proposed method to carry out the feedforward control based on a feedforward media specification of the fuel cell system, wherein the feedforward media specification is determined based on the current operating strategy. This also allows the desired power control to be carried out particularly easily and precisely. The feedforward media specification can be understood as a media specification that is determined and used exclusively within the framework of the feedforward control, for example, purely virtually and / or model-based. Determining the feedforward media specification based on the current operating strategy can be understood as meaning that a media specification is determined, in particular calculated, within the feedforward control depending on a possibly changed operating strategy.

[0017] The described method may also include the following steps within the framework of the proposed technology: - Determining a virtual feedforward net power actual value based on a feedforward fuel cell load value of the fuel cell system and based on a feedforward media specification, - Performing a comparison between the feedforward net power actual value and the net power setpoint and - Determine the fuel cell load setpoint and the media specification based on the comparison.

[0018] This also allows the desired power control to be implemented particularly easily and precisely. The virtual feedforward control net power actual value can be determined using the method. If the subsequent comparison reveals that the virtual net power actual value is within a predefined range of the net power setpoint, the fuel cell load setpoint and the media specification can be determined or created based on the feedforward control.

[0019] In the method described here, it is further possible for the virtual feedforward net power actual value to be repeatedly determined in an approximation process based on a virtual iterative variation of the feedforward fuel cell load value and based on a virtual iterative variation of the feedforward media specification, wherein the current varied feedforward fuel cell load value is subsequently used as the fuel cell load setpoint and the current varied feedforward media specification is used as the media specification. In other words, taking into account possibly changed specifications for degradation and / or operating strategy, a direct determination of the feedforward net power actual value can be carried out, for example, in a calculation sequence in predefined iteration loops, until the specification according to the net power setpoint is reached with sufficient accuracy.The resulting load specification can then be used to derive the media specification. Within the process, the feedforward net power actual value can be determined using known physical and chemical relationships and characteristic maps of the relevant components. Feedforward fuel cell load values and feedforward media specifications can be iteratively changed until the virtual feedforward net power actual value or a corresponding virtual net power is sufficiently similar to the actual net power setpoint. If this is the case, the currently varied feedforward fuel cell load value can be used as the fuel cell load setpoint, and the currently varied feedforward media specification can be used as the media specification. Using these steps, the desired power control can be implemented particularly easily and precisely.Within the scope of the technology described here, the operating strategy may be changed due to degradation. A repetitive detection can be defined as a repeated detection and / or a multiple detection, whereby the detection is always performed in the same or at least essentially the same way.

[0020] Furthermore, with a technology as described above, it is possible for the current varied feedforward fuel cell load value to be used as the fuel cell load setpoint, and the current varied feedforward media specification to be used as the media specification as soon as the feedforward net power actual value is in a predefined relationship to the net power setpoint. In this way, the desired net power actual value can be determined particularly quickly yet with a high degree of accuracy. According to the method, the virtual feedforward net power actual value can be determined, and if the subsequent comparison shows that the virtual net power actual value is close enough to the net power setpoint, the fuel cell load setpoint and the media specification can be determined based on the feedforward.For example, the feedforward fuel cell load value can be used as the fuel cell load setpoint and / or the feedforward media specification can be used as the media specification as soon as the feedforward net power actual value is close enough to the net power setpoint. The feedforward net power actual value can be determined or assessed as close enough to the net power setpoint if the feedforward net power actual value has a predefined and / or predefinable distance from the net power setpoint. This can be determined as part of the comparison and / or a comparable process step. Alternatively or in addition to the comparison, a corresponding evaluation of the determined virtual feedforward net power actual value can be carried out. A controller can be connected downstream of the feedforward control to ensure or verify the accuracy of the determined power values.

[0021] Furthermore, it is possible for the current varied feedforward fuel cell load value to be used as the fuel cell load setpoint, and the current varied feedforward media specification to be used as the media specification once the feedforward net power actual value has been determined through a predefined number of variations or a predefined number of times. This means that a specific comparison and / or corresponding analysis can be dispensed with if, for example, a defined number of repetitions is specified within the approximation procedure, which also allows a sufficiently accurate approximation to the net power setpoint.

[0022] With the method described here, it is also possible for a pre-control compressor power value and / or a pre-control coolant pump power value to be determined based on the pre-control media specification, and for the pre-control net power actual value to be determined based on the pre-control compressor power value and / or based on the pre-control coolant pump power value. This also allows the desired power control to be carried out particularly easily and precisely. Within the scope of the method, it is also possible for the pre-control net power actual value to be determined only based on the pre-control compressor power value or on a corresponding compressor power, i.e., not based on the pre-control coolant pump power value or a corresponding pump power.This may result in only the compressor, and not the coolant pump, being used as the loss term to determine the feedforward net power actual value. Furthermore, it is possible for a gas stoichiometry and / or a gas mass flow of the fuel cell system to be determined based on the feedforward media specification, and the compressor power to be determined based on the gas stoichiometry and / or the gas mass flow. Gas stoichiometry can be understood as air stoichiometry. The gas stoichiometry can be given as a characteristic map and adjusted based on the current operating strategy or based on a potentially modified operating strategy.

[0023] A further aspect of the present technology relates to a fuel cell system for a vehicle, wherein the fuel cell system has a controller for carrying out a method as described above. The fuel cell system thus offers the same advantages as have been described in detail with reference to the method. The fuel cell system is preferably configured for mobile applications such as vehicles, in particular for providing energy for at least one drive machine such as an electric motor for propulsion of the vehicle. The fuel cell system can have at least one fuel cell and in particular a fuel cell stack. The controller can have a suitable determination and / or computing unit, for example as part of at least one computer and / or at least one control unit.The controller may further comprise comparison units and / or correction units for performing comparisons, evaluations and / or corrections.

[0024] A further aspect of the proposed technology relates to a vehicle with a fuel cell system as described above and at least one electric motor for driving the vehicle, wherein the fuel cell system is configured to supply power to the at least one electric motor. The vehicle thus also offers the described advantages. The term "vehicle" can be understood to mean a motor vehicle such as a motor-driven two-wheeler, a passenger car, and a truck. The term "vehicle" can also be understood to mean a road vehicle, an aircraft, a watercraft, a rail vehicle, a spacecraft, and a robot. The term "vehicle" can also be understood to mean a purely electric vehicle and a hybrid electric vehicle, which, in addition to the at least one electric motor, has an internal combustion engine for driving the vehicle. The term "vehicle" can be understood to mean a so-called FCEV (Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle).

[0025] Furthermore, the technology disclosed here comprises a computer program product and a computer-readable, in particular non-volatile, storage medium on which the computer program product is stored. Thus, the computer program product and the computer-readable storage medium also provide the advantages described above. The computer program product can include instructions that, when the computer program product is executed by a computer, for example, the controller, cause the computer to carry out the proposed method in a vehicle as described above. The computer-readable storage medium can also be understood to mean the controller and / or a control unit, for example, a vehicle control unit, with the computer program product installed therein.

[0026] The computer program product may be implemented as computer-readable instruction code in any suitable programming language and / or machine language, such as JAVA, C++, C#, and / or Python. The computer program product may be stored on a computer-readable storage medium, such as a data disk, a removable drive, volatile or non-volatile memory, or a built-in memory / processor. The instruction code may program a computer and other programmable devices, such as a control unit, to perform the desired functions. Furthermore, the computer program product may be provided and / or be implemented on a network, such as the Internet, from which it can be downloaded by a user as needed.The computer program product can be and / or be implemented by means of software as well as by means of one or more special electronic circuits, i.e. in hardware or in any hybrid form, i.e. by means of software components and hardware components.

[0027] Further measures will become apparent from the following description of various exemplary embodiments, which are schematically illustrated in the figures. All features and / or advantages arising from the claims, the description, or the figures, including structural details and spatial arrangements, may be significant both individually and in various combinations.

[0028] They show schematically: Fig. 1 is a diagram for explaining a method according to an embodiment of the present technology, Fig. 2 a supplementary diagram to Fig. 1 to explain the procedure, Fig. 3 a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program product stored thereon according to an embodiment of the present technology, and Fig. 4 a vehicle with a fuel cell system according to an embodiment of the present technology.

[0029] Elements with the same function and mode of operation are provided with the same reference symbols in the figures.

[0030] With reference to the Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, a method for power control according to a possible embodiment is described below. The method is used for power control of a fuel cell system 10, which is Fig. 4 is shown.

[0031] According to the method, in a first step S1, a net power setpoint of the fuel cell system 10 is determined and / or provided. The net power setpoint is used in a step S4 as the basis for creating and / or evaluating a reference table. Based on the reference table, a feedforward fuel cell load value or a corresponding initial current value is determined for a feedforward control according to step S5, so that the subsequent iterative process converges more quickly. The feedforward fuel cell load value is Fig. 2 in step S20. The fuel cell load can be understood as a stack load of a fuel cell stack of the fuel cell system 10. As shown in Fig. 1, the feedforward control is carried out according to step S5 based on the net power setpoint S1. In step S6, a fuel cell load setpoint of the fuel cell system 10 is determined based on the feedforward control. In step S7, a media specification of the fuel cell system 10 is determined based on the feedforward control. The determination of the fuel cell load setpoint and the media specification will be described later with additional reference to Fig. 2 in further detail. According to the Fig. In the method illustrated in Figure 1, degradation values of the fuel cell system 10 are determined or provided in a step S2. Furthermore, a current operating strategy of the fuel cell system 10 is determined or provided in a step S3. This means that it is determined whether the current operating strategy has changed compared to a previous operating strategy. The operating strategy can change depending on the degradation values.

[0032] As in Fig. 2, depending on the feedforward fuel cell load value determined or provided in step S20, a pole curve is determined or set in step S21, and a feedforward media specification is created in step S22. The pole curve is additionally determined or set based on the degradation values. The feedforward media specification is additionally determined in step S22 based on the current operating strategy. In a step S23, a feedforward fuel cell voltage value is determined based on the pole curve. In a step S28, a feedforward fuel cell power value is determined based on the feedforward fuel cell voltage value and based on the feedforward fuel cell load value or a corresponding current value.

[0033] In a step S24, a pre-control air mass flow value is determined based on the pre-control media specification. In a step S25, a pre-control coolant requirement value is determined based on the pre-control media specification. In a step S26, a pre-control compressor power value is determined based on the pre-control air mass flow value. In a step S27, a pre-control pump power value is determined based on the pre-control coolant requirement value. In a step S29, a virtual pre-control net power actual value is determined based on the pre-control fuel cell power value, the pre-control compressor power value, and the pre-control pump power value. The virtual pre-control net power actual value can be understood as a pre-control system power. The Fig. 1 and Fig. The feedforward control shown in Figure 2 is implemented by repeatedly determining the virtual feedforward net power actual value based on a virtual iterative variation of the feedforward fuel cell load value and based on a virtual iterative variation of the feedforward media specification using an approximation process until the virtual feedforward net power actual value is close enough to the specified net power setpoint. In other words, the feedforward control is repeated until the virtual feedforward net power actual value is close enough to the specified net power setpoint. If a corresponding condition is sufficiently met, the current feedforward fuel cell load value is used as the fuel cell load setpoint, and the current feedforward media specification is used as the media specification.It can therefore be said that in step S6 the fuel cell load setpoint is determined based on the degradation value and that in step S7 the media specification is determined based on the current or possibly changing operating strategy.

[0034] In a step S8, an air mass flow setpoint is determined based on the media specification. In a step S9, a coolant demand setpoint is determined based on the media specification. In a step S10, the fuel cell system 10 is operated based on the fuel cell load setpoint or a corresponding current value, based on the air mass flow setpoint, and based on the coolant demand setpoint. In a step S11, an actual net power value is determined based on the operation of the fuel cell system 10. This means that the actual net power value of the fuel cell system 10 is determined based on the fuel cell load setpoint S6 and the media specification S7. Power control of the fuel cell system 10 is carried out based on the actual net power value S10.If the power control results in a change in the fuel cell load, the media supply is adjusted according to the variable operating strategy already described.

[0035] Fig. 3 shows a computer-readable and non-volatile storage medium 50 on which a computer program product 40 is stored. The storage medium 50 is configured in the form of a flash drive. The computer program product 40 includes instructions that, when executed by a computer, cause the computer to perform a method for controlling the power of the fuel cell system 10 in the illustrated vehicle 100.

[0036] In Fig.4 shows a vehicle 100 in the form of a passenger car. The vehicle 100 has a fuel cell system 10 as described above and two electric motors 30 for driving the vehicle 100. The vehicle 100 also has a pressure vessel 60 containing fuel for supplying the fuel cell system 10. The fuel cell system 10 is configured to supply power to the electric motors 30 and / or a backup battery (not shown). Furthermore, the vehicle 100 has a controller 20 in the form of a vehicle control unit.

[0037] The technology disclosed here allows for further design principles in addition to the embodiments shown. This means that the technology should not be considered limited to the embodiments explained with reference to the figures.

[0038] For example, it is possible for the current varied feedforward fuel cell load value to be used as the fuel cell load setpoint, and the current varied feedforward media specification to be used as the media specification once the feedforward net power actual value is in a predefined relationship to the net power setpoint. Furthermore, it is possible for the current varied feedforward fuel cell load value to be used as the fuel cell load setpoint, and the current varied feedforward media specification to be used as the media specification once the feedforward net power actual value has been determined a predefined number of times.Furthermore, it is possible for a pre-control compressor power value to be determined in step S26 and / or a pre-control coolant pump power value to be determined based on the pre-control media specification in step S27, and for the pre-control net power actual value to be determined based on the pre-control compressor power value and / or based on the pre-control coolant pump power value. Within the scope of the present technology, the respective power value can always be understood as power values and / or powers over time. Furthermore, a comparison can be performed between the pre-control net power actual value and the net power setpoint, whereby the fuel cell load setpoint and the media specification can be determined based on the comparison and / or a corresponding analysis. List of reference symbols 10 Fuel cell system 20 controllers 30 electric motor 40 Computer program product 50 storage media 60 pressure vessels 100 vehicles

Claims

[1] Method for controlling the power of a fuel cell system (10), comprising: - Determining a net power setpoint (S1) of the fuel cell system (10), - carrying out a feedforward control (S5) of the fuel cell system (10) based on the net power setpoint (S1), - Determining a fuel cell load setpoint (S6) of the fuel cell system (10) based on the feedforward control (S5), - Determining a media specification (S7) of the fuel cell system (10) based on the feedforward control (S5), - determining a degradation value (S2) of the fuel cell system (10) and / or determining a current operating strategy (S3) of the fuel cell system (10), - wherein the fuel cell load setpoint (S6) is also determined based on the degradation value (S2) and / or wherein the media specification (S7) is also determined based on the current operating strategy (S3), - Determining a net power actual value (S10) of the fuel cell system (10) based on the fuel cell load setpoint (S6) and based on the media specification (S7) and - Execute power control based on the actual net power value (S10). [2] Method according to claim 1, wherein the feedforward control (S5) is carried out based on a pole curve (S21) of the fuel cell system (10) and wherein the pole curve (S21) is determined based on the degradation value (S2). [3] Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the feedforward control (S5) is carried out based on a feedforward control media specification (S22) of the fuel cell system (10) and wherein the feedforward control media specification (S22) is determined based on the current operating strategy (S3). [4] Method according to one of the preceding claims, comprising - determining a virtual feedforward net power actual value (S29) based on a feedforward fuel cell load value (S20) of the fuel cell system (10) and based on a feedforward media specification (S22), - Performing a comparison between the feedforward net power actual value (S29) and the net power setpoint (S1) and - Determine the fuel cell load setpoint (S6) and the media specification (S7) based on the comparison. [5] Method according to claim 4, wherein the virtual feedforward net power actual value (S29) is repeatedly determined based on a virtual iterative variation of the feedforward fuel cell load value (S20) and based on a virtual iterative variation of the feedforward media specification (S22) in an approximation method, and wherein the current varied feedforward fuel cell load value (S20) is subsequently used as the fuel cell load setpoint value (S6) and the current varied feedforward media specification (S22) is used as the media specification (S7). [6] Method according to claim 5, wherein the current varied feedforward fuel cell load value (S20) is used as the fuel cell load setpoint (S6) and the current varied feedforward media specification (S22) is used as the media specification (S7) as soon as the feedforward net power actual value (S29) is in a predefined relationship to the net power setpoint (S1). [7] The method of claim 5, wherein the current varied feedforward fuel cell load value (S20) is used as the fuel cell load setpoint (S6) and the current varied feedforward media specification (S22) is used as the media specification (S7) once the feedforward net power actual value (S29) has been determined by a predefined number of variations. [8] Method according to one of claims 4 to 7, wherein a pre-control compressor power value (S26) and / or a pre-control coolant pump power value (S27) are determined based on the pre-control media specification (S22) and the pre-control net power actual value (S29) is determined based on the pre-control compressor power value (S26) and / or based on the pre-control coolant pump power value (S27). [9] Fuel cell system (10) for a vehicle (100), wherein the fuel cell system (10) comprises a controller (20) for carrying out a method according to one of the preceding claims. [10] Vehicle (100) comprising a fuel cell system (10) according to claim 9 and at least one electric motor (30) for driving the vehicle (100), wherein the fuel cell system (10) is configured to supply power to the at least one electric motor (30). [11] Computer program product (40) comprising instructions which, when the computer program product (40) is executed by a computer, cause the computer to carry out the method according to one of claims 1 to 8 in a vehicle (100) according to claim 10. [12] A computer-readable storage medium (50) having a computer program product (40) according to claim 11 stored thereon.

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