Printing machine with drying device and temperature measuring device and a method for operating a printing machine

Abstract

The invention relates to a printing press with a printing unit, which has a controllable and / or adjustable drying device, the area of action of which is arranged along a transport path provided for printing material after an application area of the printing unit, wherein the printing press has a temperature measuring device, the detection area of which is arranged along the transport path after the area of action of the drying device, and a method for operating a printing press,wherein a printing material section is transported along a transport path, and wherein, in a printing process, an application fluid is applied to the printing material section by means of a printing unit, and wherein, in a drying process, energy is transferred to the printing material section and / or the printing ink applied thereto by means of a controllable and / or regulatable drying device of the printing press, and wherein, in a detection process, a respective material temperature is detected at a plurality of measuring points for a partial area of a surface of the printed printing material section, and wherein, in an adjustment process, an output power of the drying device is changed based on at least one material temperature detected in the detection process.

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a printing press with a drying device according to the preamble of claim 1 and a method for operating a printing press.

[0002] In printing presses, sheets or webs of printing material are coated with at least one application fluid, such as printing ink and / or varnish. Typically, at least one drying device is provided to dry this application fluid to prevent individual sections of the printing material from sticking together and to ensure that the print quality is not impaired. Infrared radiators are commonly used to dry water-based inks and varnishes. The heat applied to the printing material and the application fluid evaporates the water content. Possible positions for drying devices include, for example, before a sheet turner and / or between different varnishing units and / or in a sheet delivery area. The power emitted by the drying device, for example in the form of electromagnetic radiation, is typically preselected by an operator. This can result in very high electrical energy consumption.

[0003] EP 3 381 702 A1 discloses a method for determining dryer performance.

[0004] From DE 10 2015 204 980 A1 it is known to arrange an infrared sensor in front of a drying device in a printing machine.

[0005] The invention is based on the object of creating a printing press with a drying device and a method for operating a printing press.

[0006] The object is achieved according to the invention by the features of claim 1 and the features of claim 7.

[0007] A printing press comprises at least one printing unit and at least one drying device whose output can be controlled and / or regulated, the area of influence of which is arranged downstream of an application area of the at least one printing unit along a transport path provided for the transport of printing substrate. Furthermore, the printing press comprises at least one temperature measuring device, the detection area of which is arranged downstream of the area of influence of the at least one drying device along the transport path provided for the transport of printing substrate. This makes it possible to check whether the output of the drying device is correctly set. This ensures, on the one hand, a sufficiently high quality of the printed product and, on the other hand, avoids unnecessarily high energy inputs.This can reduce energy consumption directly and also by reducing the effort required to cool the printing press's surroundings. Furthermore, print quality is improved when the drying performance is optimized, because, for example, the substrate is not dried out unnecessarily.

[0008] In a further development, the at least one temperature measuring device is preferably designed as at least one, in particular digital, thermal imaging camera, which is arranged aligned with the transport path provided for the transport of the printing material. This enables rapid detection and a quick overview of the existing material temperatures in a particularly user-friendly manner. The thermal imaging camera is preferably an infrared camera.

[0009] In an alternative or additional development, the printing machine is preferably characterized in that the at least one controllable and / or adjustable drying device has at least one respective infrared radiation source that is controllable and / or adjustable with respect to its radiation output.

[0010] In an alternative or additional development, the printing press is preferably characterized in that the printing press has at least one control and / or regulating device, which is arranged in circuitry connected to both the at least one temperature measuring device and the at least one drying device. This enables particularly effective control or regulation up to and including complete automation.

[0011] In an alternative or additional development, the printing press is preferably characterized in that at least one smallest distance, measured along the transport path provided for the transport of printing substrate, between the impact area of the at least one drying device and the detection area of the at least one temperature measuring device is less than 150 cm, more preferably less than 100 cm, and even more preferably less than 75 cm. This enables a particularly precise measurement because the sheet cools down as little as possible before being detected.

[0012] In an alternative or additional development, the printing press is preferably characterized in that the printing press is designed as a sheet-fed printing press and in that at least one such temperature measuring device is arranged with its detection range along the transport path provided for the transport of printing substrate upstream of a turning device and / or at least one such temperature measuring device is arranged with its detection range along the transport path provided for the transport of printing substrate downstream of a coating unit and / or at least one such temperature measuring device is arranged with its detection range along the transport path provided for the transport of printing substrate in the region of a chain conveyor system of a sheet delivery. This enables use in each interesting position.

[0013] A method for operating a printing press is preferred, wherein at least one printing material section, for example in the form of a sheet or part of a web, is transported along a transport path through the printing press, and wherein, in a printing process, at least one application fluid, for example a printing ink or a varnish, in particular in the form of a color separation or a varnish separation, is applied to at least part of the at least one printing material section by means of at least one printing unit of the printing press. For example, thereafter, in a drying process, energy is transferred, preferably in the form of electromagnetic radiation, to the printing material section and / or the printing ink applied thereto by means of at least one controllable and / or regulatable drying device of the printing press.For example, a respective material temperature is subsequently detected at a plurality of measuring points for at least a partial area of a surface of the printed substrate section in a detection process. In at least one adjustment process, an output power of the at least one drying device is changed based on at least one material temperature detected in the detection process.

[0014] In a further development, the method is preferably characterized in that at least one first reference temperature is determined taking into account the material temperatures of the at least one partial area detected in the detection process and in that in at least one comparison process this at least one first reference temperature is compared with at least one limit value and in that in the at least one adaptation process an output power of the at least one drying device is changed depending on the result of the at least one comparison process.

[0015] In a further development, the method is preferably characterized in that the respective at least one controllable and / or regulatable drying device has at least one respective infrared radiation source which is controllable and / or regulatable with regard to its radiation output and / or in that in the drying process energy in the form of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared range, i.e. with wavelengths between 780 nm and 1,000 µm, is transferred to the printing material section and / or the printing ink applied thereto.

[0016] In a further development, the method is preferably characterized in that the respective material temperature is recorded by means of at least one, in particular digital, thermal imaging camera.

[0017] In a further development, the method is preferably characterized in that a material temperature that is less than 85%, more preferably less than 95%, even more preferably less than 98%, and even more preferably less than 99% of all material temperatures of this at least one sub-region is selected as the respective reference temperature of the at least one sub-region. For example, the lowest material temperature of this at least one sub-region is selected as the respective reference temperature of the at least one sub-region. This ensures sufficient drying with the greatest possible reliability while still using the least possible energy.

[0018] In a further development, the method is preferably characterized in that a respective material temperature is recorded at a plurality of measuring points for a plurality of sub-regions of the surface of the printing material section, and in that a respective first reference temperature is selected from the recorded material temperatures of the respective sub-regions, and in that in the at least one comparison process, this respective first reference temperature is compared with at least one limit value, and in that in the at least one adaptation process, an output power of at least one respective drying device that has transferred energy to this respective sub-region of the printing material section is changed depending on the result of the at least one comparison process. This enables even more targeted and therefore efficient drying.

[0019] In a further development, the method is preferably characterized in that information about an intended quantity and / or intended distribution of printing ink on the respective printing substrate section, known prior to the printing process, is used to determine at least one partial area of the surface of the printed printing substrate section. This accelerates the selection process and allows the method to be carried out with greater precision.In a further development, the method is preferably characterized in that information about an intended quantity and / or an intended distribution of printing ink on the respective printing material section, which is already known before the printing process, is used to establish a basic setting for the at least one controllable and / or regulatable drying device, and in that, in at least one first adjustment process, at least one setting of an output power of at least one drying device that deviates from the basic setting is established. For example, the method can be optimized such that the machine control system derives conclusions and / or predictions for future print jobs from past print jobs and the quantities of application fluid generated therein or the output powers used by the drying device, and these conclusions and / or predictions are suggested or used, for example, as a basic setting.

[0020] In a further development, the method is preferably characterized in that a display of a plurality of recorded material temperatures of the at least one partial area is displayed on a display device of the printing press, and in that an operator manually selects and / or confirms the at least one reference temperature and / or the reference measuring point. This allows the method to be applied particularly intuitively, reliably, and quickly.

[0021] In a further development, the method is preferably characterized in that the determination of the at least one first reference temperature and / or the comparison of the at least one first reference temperature with at least one limit value and / or the change in the output power of the at least one drying device is carried out automatically by means of a machine control system of the printing press. This enables a simplified and reproducible procedure.

[0022] In a further development, the method is preferably characterized in that the determination of the at least one first reference temperature and / or the comparison of the at least one first reference temperature with at least one limit value and / or the change in the output power of the at least one drying device is repeated during an ongoing printing operation and is carried out automatically for different printing substrate sections using a machine control system of the printing press. This allows the result to be improved iteratively.

[0023] Embodiments of the invention are illustrated in the drawings and are described in more detail below.

[0024] They show: Fig. 1 a schematic representation of a printing machine with possible arrangements of drying devices and temperature measuring devices; Fig. 2 a schematic representation of a sheet feeder and two printing units of the printing press according to Fig. 1; Fig. 3 a schematic representation of a region of the printing machine comprising a turning device, a drying device and a temperature measuring device according to Fig. 1; Fig. 4 a schematic representation of a section of the printing press comprising two coating units, a drying unit with drying device and temperature measuring device as well as a sheet delivery according to Fig. 1; Fig. 5 a schematic representation of a printing material section, a drying device and a temperature measuring device in a plan view; Fig. 6 a schematic representation of a printing material section, a drying device and a temperature measuring device in a side view; Fig. 7 shows a schematic representation of a printing material section and a drying device viewed in the transport direction; Fig. 8 a schematic representation of a section of printing material provided with application fluid; Fig. 9 a schematic representation of an exemplary representation on a display device of a printing press.

[0025] A printing press 01 is designed, for example, as a sheet-fed printing press 01, i.e., as a printing press 01 for processing sheet-shaped printing substrate 02 or sheets 02. For example, the printing press is designed as a sheet-fed offset rotary printing press 01. Alternatively, the printing press 01 is designed, for example, as a web-fed printing press 01, i.e., as a printing press 01 for processing web-shaped printing substrate 02. In the foregoing and in the following, a printing substrate section 22 is to be understood, depending on the type of printing press 01, as an individual sheet 02 or a section of a printing substrate web, upstream of and / or downstream of other sections along the printing substrate web. In the following, a sheet-fed printing press 01 is described by way of example, wherein the features mentioned also apply to a web-fed printing press 01, unless contradictions arise.Unless explicitly distinguished, the term "sheet-shaped printing substrate 02" and specifically "printing substrate section 22" is intended to encompass any printing substrate 02 that is flat, in individual sections, or as a web, including printing substrate 02 that is in sheet or plate form, including sheets or plates. The printing substrate 02 or printing substrate section 22 defined in this way is preferably made of paper or cardboard, but can also be formed by printing substrate in the form of a web or sheets, plates, or plates made of plastic, cardboard, or metal.

[0026] The printing press 01 is assigned a transport path provided for transporting printing substrate 02. The transport path provided for transporting printing substrate 02 is in particular the spatial area which the printing substrate 02, if present, occupies and / or would occupy, at least temporarily. In the case of a curved transport path, a transport direction T is preferably the direction T that runs tangentially to a section or point of the provided transport path that is closest to a respective reference point and is provided for transporting the printing substrate 02 at this section or point. This respective reference point is preferably located at the point or on the component that is related to the transport direction T. The transport direction T therefore preferably extends along the transport path provided for printing substrate 02.A transverse direction A is preferably a direction A that extends orthogonal to the transport direction T and horizontally. In particular, the transverse direction A is orthogonal to a vertical direction V, while the transport direction T can have vertical components. A working width of the printing press 01 is preferably a dimension that extends in the transverse direction A. The working width of the printing press 01 preferably corresponds to a maximum width that a printing substrate 02 may have in order to still be able to be printed with the printing press 01, i.e. in particular a maximum sheet width and / or web width and / or width of the printing substrate 02 that can be processed with the printing press 01. The width of a printing substrate 02 is to be understood in particular as its dimension in the transverse direction A.The working width of the printing machine 01 is, for example, at least 20 cm, preferably at least 50 cm, more preferably at least 100 cm and even more preferably at least 150 cm.

[0027] The printing press 01 has at least one substrate feed device 12, which is designed, for example, as a sheet feeder 12. The printing press 01 preferably has a feed device 03, referred to, for example, as a sheet feeder 03, and a substrate delivery device 08, referred to, for example, as a sheet delivery 08. The printing press 01 preferably has at least one printing unit 05. This printing unit 05 preferably has at least one forme cylinder 32. Between the substrate feed device 12 and the substrate delivery device 08, one or more processing stages 05; 06; 07, also referred to as units, are preferably arranged, which are designed, for example, as a printing unit 05, a drying unit 06, a coating unit 07, a calendering unit or a foil transfer unit or in another suitable manner.For example, at least one of the units is formed by a printing unit 05, preferably designed as an offset printing unit 05, which is preferably followed by one or more coating units 07. In the case of multiple printing units 05, the arrangement of one or more coating units 07 between the printing units 05 can also be provided. An exemplary sheet-fed printing press 01 has the substrate feed device 12, one or more printing units 05, a drying unit 06, a turning device 78, one or more further printing units 05, a coating unit 07, one or more further drying units 06, a further coating unit 07 and a substrate discharge device 08 along the transport path provided for the transport of printing material 02. (For example, this is also shown in . Fig. 1.)

[0028] The substrate feed device 12, preferably designed as a sheet feeder 12, preferably has a conveyor line 19, for example, designed as a belt table 19. For example, printing substrate bundles 09 designed as a sheet stack 09 are arranged on a receiving device, which is designed, for example, as a stacking plate. The belt table 19 arranged downstream of the sheet stack 09 is designed, for example, as a suction belt table 19.

[0029] The substrate feed device 12, preferably designed as a sheet feeder 12, preferably comprises sheet separating elements and sheet transport elements. The sheet separating elements are designed, for example, as separating suction cups, and the sheet transport elements are designed, for example, as transport suction cups, and are preferably jointly comprised by a separating device 14, for example, accommodated in a sheet separator 14.

[0030] The feed device 03, referred to for example as a sheet feeder 03, preferably comprises a feed table to which a control device is assigned. Stops, referred to for example as so-called front lays, are guided onto the feed table and thus into the transport path of the sheets 02 in the work cycle. The sheets 02 are fed and aligned with their leading edges against these front lays. A sheet acceleration means 04 is arranged downstream of the front lays, which is designed in particular as an oscillating gripper 04, which feeds the sheets 02 aligned along the leading edge and optionally along a side edge to a transfer drum 11 designed as a feed drum 11, which transfers the sheets 02 coming from the conveyor line 19 to a printing unit cylinder 34 designed as an impression cylinder 34 or impression cylinder 34 of the downstream printing unit 05. In another embodiment, the position of the sheet 02 on the feed table is measured.The sheet 02 is then transferred to the oscillating gripper 04 during its movement. Preferably, during the movement of the oscillating gripper 04, the sheet 02 is then moved into its correct position and transferred in an aligned manner to the feed drum 11.

[0031] The units 05; 06; 07, in particular printing units 05 and / or drying units 06 and / or coating units 07, have, for example, a respective substructure 31, designed, for example, as a substructure module 31. The respective printing unit 05 and / or coating unit 07 preferably has a respective printing cylinder 34, also referred to as an impression cylinder 34. The respective printing unit 05 has, for example, a respective transfer cylinder 33 that transfers the print image and, with a respective impression cylinder 34, forms a printing point 55 or application point 55, also referred to as an application area 55. The transfer cylinders 33 are also referred to as blanket cylinders 33 or blanket cylinders 33. The impression cylinders 34 preferably have a cylinder jacket surface that is continuous except for at least one axially extending cylinder channel 56. A gripper system 57 for receiving and transferring sheets 02 in the gripper closure is preferably arranged in the cylinder channel 56.Between the impression cylinders 34, there is generally arranged a transfer drum 35, designed as a transfer drum 35 with curved sheet support elements 58 arranged concentrically to the rotation axis, e.g., so-called drum caps 58. Alternatively, the transfer drum 35 can also be designed without drum caps 58 as a so-called transferter 35. The transfer drums 35 preferably have gripper systems 59 for receiving the sheets 02 from the upstream impression cylinder 34 and for transferring them to the downstream impression cylinder 34.

[0032] The respective printing unit 05 has, for example, in the area of a so-called printing unit superstructure 30, designed, for example, as a superstructure module 30, a printing unit cylinder 32, designed in particular as a forme cylinder 32, e.g., as a plate cylinder 32, and in an embodiment for the offset printing process also a printing unit cylinder 33, designed, for example, as a transfer cylinder 33, e.g., as a blanket cylinder 33. With regard to the direction of the effective ink flow, the forme cylinder 32, designed, for example, as a plate cylinder 32, is arranged upstream of the transfer cylinder 33 and has, for example, at least one fastening device with a fastening means for holding and / or tensioning a printing form.

[0033] At least one inking unit 42 is provided for inking the printing form, which may be configured as a printing plate, for example. The inking unit 42 can be configured as a short inking unit 42, a ductor inking unit 42, a film inking unit 42, or in another suitable manner. For example, a dampening unit 51 is provided, which is designed to apply dampening fluid to the surface of the printing plate.

[0034] For example, the printing press 01 has a turning device 78 for turning the sheets 02. The turning device 78 is preferably arranged between two printing units 05 of the printing press 01, in particular between their printing cylinders 34. This turning device 78 is preferably configured such that it can be switched from straight printing to perfecting printing, so that the printing press 01 operates either in straight printing mode or in both straight and perfecting printing mode. Turning generally takes place according to the trailing edge turning principle. The turning device 78 can, for example, be designed as a three-drum turner or a single-drum turner. Three sheet guiding cylinders 79, 80, 81 are arranged in the three-drum turner. In the transport direction T, for example, a single-size or double-size transfer drum 79, a preferably double-size storage drum 80 and a preferably single-size turning drum 81 are arranged.The turning drum 81 is particularly equipped with a turning gripper system 82, and the storage drum 80 is then equipped with at least one sheet holding system 83 per sheet-bearing surface section. The sheet holding systems 83 are preferably designed as gripper systems 83 for the leading edge of the sheet. Preferably, sheet holding systems 83 are also provided for the rear area of a sheet 02, which are preferably designed as suction systems 84. Sheet guiding elements for guiding the sheets 02 can preferably be arranged below the storage drum 80 and / or turning drum 81.

[0035] For example, at least one coating unit 07 is arranged, in particular after a last printing unit 05. Preferably, a cylinder designed as a printing cylinder 61 or impression cylinder 61 is arranged in the substructure 31, e.g., within a substructure module 31. The impression cylinder 61 is preferably structurally identical to the impression cylinder 34 of the at least one printing unit 05.

[0036] The area of a coating unit superstructure 62 of the coating unit 07, designed, for example, as a superstructure module 62, differs, for example, from the printing unit superstructure 30 or superstructure module 30 of the at least one printing unit 05. Within this coating unit superstructure 62, a coating unit cylinder 63, designed, for example, as a coating forme cylinder 63, is arranged, on which a transfer means, designed, for example, as a coating blanket or coating plate, is fastened, for example, clamped, preferably via a fastening system 64, e.g. a clamping and / or tensioning system 64. To apply the varnish to the coating blanket, designed, for example, in the manner of a rubber blanket, or to the coating plate, an application system 65, preferably designed here as a chambered doctor blade system 65, is used, preferably comprising a coating unit roller 66, in particular an anilox roller 66, having a cell structure on its outer surface, and a chambered doctor blade 67. The chamber doctor blade 67 here contains two doctor blades that interact with the anilox roller 66.

[0037] In the at least one printing unit 05, at least one application fluid, e.g., in the form of printing ink 36, is transferred to the respective sheet 02. In an exemplary offset printing unit, this occurs, for example, as follows: The printing ink 36 stored in the ink reservoir 43, e.g., in the form of an ink fountain 43, is metered zone by zone onto the ink pickup roller 44, e.g., ink fountain roller 44, and is preferably deposited as an ink strip by the periodically reciprocating ink lifter 47 onto the first inking unit roller, e.g., ink distribution roller. This transfers the ink to the inking unit rollers via friction-driven inking unit rollers.The ink is transferred to the ink forme rollers 50 via further inking rollers and thereby reaches the printing forme mounted on the forme cylinder 32. As seen in the direction of rotation of the forme cylinder 32, the application of dampening fluid by a dampening forme roller can take place before the ink is applied by the ink forme rollers 50. The ink deposited on the printing forme is transferred to the transfer cylinder 33 in accordance with the motif, and from there it is transferred to the sheet 02 guided by the printing cylinder 34. In an exemplary alternative embodiment, application fluid, in particular in the form of ink, can be applied directly to the respective sheet in accordance with the motif using suitable print heads. Other printing processes can also be used using suitable devices. Analogously, varnish can be applied if necessary using at least one flexographic varnishing unit.After the sheet 02 has passed through the printing units 05, 06, it can be coated with a layer of varnish in one or more coating units 07 by the coating forme cylinder 63. The gripper system of the printing cylinder 61 then transfers the sheet 02 to, for example, the chain conveyor system 69 of the sheet delivery 08.

[0038] The sheet delivery 08 preferably includes a sheet conveying system 69, which is particularly designed as a chain conveying system 69. The sheet conveying system 69 includes traction means moved via drive and deflection means, which drive gripping devices 70 for conveying the sheets. The gripping devices 70 have securing elements for receiving and securing the sheets 02. Clamping and / or suction grippers for gripping the sheet edges can be used as securing elements. In further developments not shown, additional gripping devices are provided for the trailing edges of the sheets. For example, an impression cylinder 34 of a last printing unit 05 or an impression cylinder 61 of a last coating unit 07, together with the sheet conveying system 69 of the sheet delivery 08, forms a transfer point 13.

[0039] The sheet conveying system, designed here as a chain conveyor system 69, preferably contains chains 73, which are laid over and driven by sprockets 72 and guided in laterally arranged guide rails (not shown), on which gripping devices 70 designed as gripper carriages 70 are arranged for transporting the sheets 02. The gripper carriages 70 convey the sheets 02 in the transport direction T to the delivery stack 71, which is stored, for example, on a pallet 76 or another type of transport base 76.

[0040] The sheet delivery 08 preferably includes a sheet guiding device for secure transport of the sheets 02 held by the gripper carriages 70 and, for example, a drying device 16. For example, the sheet guiding device comprises sheet guide plates facing the gripper carriages 70, which are provided with blown air nozzles and extend across the width of the machine. For example, blow boxes are arranged on the sheet guide plate, via which the blown air nozzles are supplied with blown air, so that a supporting air cushion is formed between the sheet guide plate and the sheets 02 transported by the gripper carriages 70. In order to be able to regulate heating of the sheet guide plate in the area of the drying device 16, a coolant circuit is preferably integrated.

[0041] The printing press 01 has at least one drying device 16. The at least one drying device 16 is preferably designed as a radiation drying device 16, in particular as an infrared drying device 16. In this case, electrical energy is specifically converted into infrared radiation in the relevant wavelength range in order to achieve drying particularly efficiently. Alternatively or additionally, the at least one drying device 16 is designed as a hot air drying device 16. The at least one drying device 16 preferably has at least one drying device 21 with at least one energy output device 23. In the case of a radiation drying device 16, the at least one drying device 21 has at least one energy output device 23 designed as a radiation source 23.

[0042] The at least one infrared drying device 16 has at least one drying device 21 designed as an infrared drying device 21 with at least one energy emission device 23, which is designed in particular as a radiation source for the targeted emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared range, i.e. with wavelengths between 780 nm and 1,000 µm. Further preferably, this at least one infrared drying device 21 has at least one radiation source for the targeted emission of electromagnetic radiation in the near-infrared range, i.e. with wavelengths between 780 nm and 3 µm. In the case of a hot-air drying device 16, this has at least one and preferably several energy emission devices designed as hot-air sources.

[0043] The at least one drying device 16 has, for example, a plurality of drying devices 21, the action areas 24 of which are arranged offset from one another in the transverse direction A and together form an overall action area 26 of the drying device 16.

[0044] The at least one drying device 21 is preferably designed as a drying device 21 that is controllable and / or adjustable with respect to an output power. The printing press 01 preferably has at least one drying device 21 that is controllable and / or adjustable with respect to an output power, the area of action 24 of which is arranged along the transport path provided for the transport of printing substrate 02 after an application area 55 of the at least one printing unit 05. The at least one controllable and / or adjustable drying device 21 preferably has at least one respective infrared radiation source 23 that is controllable and / or adjustable with respect to its radiation power.

[0045] The printing press 01 preferably has at least one temperature measuring device 27, the detection range 28 of which is arranged along the transport path provided for the transport of printing substrate 02 after the exposure zone 24 of the at least one drying device 21. This allows the temperatures of the dried sheets 02 or printing substrate sections 22 to be detected. Preferably, a smallest distance measured along the transport path provided for the transport of printing substrate 02 between the exposure zone of the at least one drying device 21 and the detection range 28 of the at least one temperature measuring device 27 is less than 150 cm, more preferably less than 100 cm, and even more preferably less than 75 cm. The at least one temperature measuring device 27 is preferably designed as at least one, in particular digital, thermal imaging camera 27, which is arranged aligned with the transport path provided for the transport of printing substrate 02.

[0046] Preferably, the printing press 01 has at least one control and / or regulating device, which is arranged with circuitry connected to both the at least one temperature measuring device 27 and the at least one drying device 21. For example, this control and / or regulating device is part of the general machine control system of the printing press 01.

[0047] For example, the printing press 01 is designed as a sheet-fed printing press 01. Preferably, at least one such temperature measuring device 27 with its detection range 28 is arranged upstream of a turning device 78 along the transport path provided for the transport of printing substrate 02, in particular immediately upstream thereof. This is preferably the case if a drying device 16 is arranged upstream of this turning device 78 along the transport path provided for the transport of printing substrate 02. Alternatively or additionally, at least one such temperature measuring device 27 with its detection range 28 is arranged downstream of a coating unit 07 along the transport path provided for the transport of printing substrate 02. This is preferably the case if a corresponding drying device 16 is arranged downstream of this coating unit 07 along the transport path provided for the transport of printing substrate 02.Alternatively or additionally, at least one such temperature measuring device 27 with its detection range 28 is arranged along the transport path provided for the transport of printing substrate 02 in the region of a chain conveyor system 69 of a sheet delivery 08. This is preferably the case if a drying device 16 is arranged along the transport path provided for the transport of printing substrate 02 in the region of this chain conveyor system 69, in particular directly upstream of this temperature measuring device 27.

[0048] For example, at least one drying device 16 is arranged downstream of a last printing unit 05 before a turning device 78 and / or downstream of an overall last printing unit 05 and / or downstream of any last coating unit 07. For example, one or more drying devices 16 are arranged along the transport path provided for the transport of printing substrate 02 between the last printing unit 05 and / or coating unit 07 and the delivery stack 71. Preferably, one or more drying devices 16 are arranged in the sheet delivery 08 above and / or below the transport path provided for the transport of printing substrate 02.

[0049] A method for operating a printing press 01 is preferred, wherein at least one printing material section 22 is transported along a transport path through the printing press 01. This at least one printing material section 22 can be designed as a sheet 02, in particular as one of several successively processed sheets 02, or as part of a printing material web. In a printing process, at least one application fluid, in particular at least one printing ink 36, for example in the form of at least one color separation, is applied to at least part of the at least one printing material section 22 by means of at least one printing unit 05 of the printing press 01. In particular, thereafter, in a drying process, energy is transferred to the printing material section 22 and / or the printing ink 36 applied thereto by means of at least one controllable and / or regulatable drying device 21 of the printing press 01.This energy is preferably transferred in the form of electromagnetic radiation to the printing substrate section 22 and / or the printing ink 36 applied thereto. This electromagnetic radiation is preferably in the form of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared range, i.e., with wavelengths between 780 nm and 1,000 µm, and more preferably as electromagnetic radiation in the near-infrared range, i.e., with wavelengths between 780 nm and 3 µm. As described, the respective at least one controllable and / or regulatable drying device 21 preferably has at least one respective infrared radiation source 23 whose radiation output is controllable and / or regulatable.

[0050] In a recording process, a respective material temperature 86; 87; 88 is recorded for at least a partial area 37; 38; 39 of a surface 41 of the printed printing material section 22 at a plurality of measuring points 46. The surface preferably comprises the application fluid, in particular the printing ink, applied to the material section 22 and preferably at least partially dried. The term measuring point 46 is intended to also encompass more or less extensive areas and is not to be understood as point-like in the mathematical sense. The respective material temperature 86; 87; 88 is preferably recorded by means of at least one temperature measuring device 27, which is more preferably designed as a thermal imaging camera 27 and even more preferably as a digital thermal imaging camera 27.

[0051] Preferably, at least one first reference temperature 49 is determined taking into account the material temperatures 86; 87; 88 of the at least one partial area 37; 38; 39 recorded in the recording process. The respective reference temperature 49 is determined, for example, by selecting a corresponding material temperature 86; 87; 88 or by selecting a corresponding measuring point 46 to which this material temperature 86; 87; 88 is assigned. For example, the at least one first reference temperature 49 is determined by selecting at least one first reference temperature 49 from the recorded material temperatures 86; 87; 88 of the at least one partial area 37; 38; 39 and / or by selecting at least one measuring point 46 as the reference measuring point 46 based on the recorded material temperatures 86; 87; 88 of the at least one partial area 37; 38; 39, the material temperature 86; 87; 88 is then selected as reference temperature 49.For other sub-areas 37; 38; 39, the same approach is preferred.

[0052] The respective reference temperature 49 is determined, for example, manually or automatically. For example, a display of a plurality of recorded material temperatures 86; 87; 88 of the at least one partial area 37; 38; 39 is displayed on a display device 52 of the printing press 01. Such a display can, for example, be in the conventional form of a two-dimensional graphic, in which respective colorings are preferably assigned to respective temperature ranges. The reference temperature is selected by selecting a correspondingly colored area or measuring point. An operator then manually selects the at least one reference temperature 49 and / or the reference measuring point 46, for example, and / or confirms an automatically generated and suggested reference temperature 49 and / or an automatically selected reference measuring point 46.

[0053] Preferably, in at least one comparison process, this at least one first reference temperature 49 is compared with at least one limit value. This limit value is preferably stored in advance. The limit value is, for example, specified manually. For example, the limit value is generated automatically based on empirical data. For example, the limit value is generated based on print data from a current print job. The limit value is preferably a lower limit value. For example, a sheet 02 is printed and then dried and then recorded using a thermal imaging camera. In this case, a colored two-dimensional representation of the sheet 02 is preferably generated, in which each color corresponds to a specific temperature. Preferably, an operator or a computing device analyzes this representation and / or the information displayed there and selects, for example, the measuring point 46 with the lowest temperature from the relevant image areas.Areas that have not been printed are rather irrelevant and are preferably ignored by the operator and / or the computing device.

[0054] Information already known prior to the printing process about an intended quantity and / or an intended distribution of printing ink 36 on the respective printing material section 22, which is known, for example, from a prepress stage, is preferably used to define the at least one partial area 37; 38; 39 or the plurality of partial areas 37; 38; 39 of the surface 41 of the printed printing material section 22.

[0055] Preferably, a material temperature 86; 87; 88 is selected as the respective, in particular first, reference temperature 49 of the at least one partial region 37; 38; 39, which is less than 85%, more preferably less than 95%, even more preferably less than 98% and even more preferably less than 99% of all material temperatures 86; 87; 88 of this at least one partial region 37; 38; 39. For example, the smallest material temperature 86; 87; 88 of this at least one partial region 37; 38; 39 is selected as the respective first reference temperature 49 of the at least one partial region 37; 38; 39.

[0056] The limit value is preferably a lower limit value. For example, an upper limit value is also specified. The comparison determines whether there are areas that are too cold after drying, which could indicate insufficient drying. Furthermore, it can be determined whether the overall temperature level is too high, because if even the coolest point of the relevant area lies significantly above the selected, in particular lower, limit value, the dryer output can be reduced. In at least one adaptation process, an output power of the at least one drying device 21 is changed based on at least one material temperature 86; 87; 88 detected in the detection process, more preferably based on a plurality of material temperatures 86; 87; 88 detected in the detection process, for example based on all material temperatures 86; 87; 88 detected in the detection process.Preferably, in the at least one adaptation process, an output power of the at least one drying device 21 is changed depending on the result of the at least one comparison process.

[0057] For example, the determination of the at least one first reference temperature 49 and / or the comparison of the at least one first reference temperature 49 with at least one limit value and / or the change in the output power of the at least one drying device 21 is carried out automatically by means of a machine control of the printing press 01.

[0058] Preferably, information about an intended quantity and / or an intended distribution of printing ink 36 on the respective printing material section 22, which is known, for example, from a prepress stage, is used already before the printing process to make a basic setting of the at least one controllable and / or regulatable drying device 21. Further preferably, in the at least one adjustment process, at least one setting of an output power of at least one drying device 21 that deviates from the basic setting is made.Preferably, the determination of the at least one first reference temperature 49 and / or the comparison of the at least one first reference temperature 49 with at least one limit value and / or the change in the output power of the at least one drying device 21 is repeated in an ongoing printing operation, in particular several times, and is carried out in each case for different printing material sections 22 in an automated manner by means of a machine control of the printing press 01.

[0059] If the at least one drying device 16 comprises a plurality of drying devices 21 whose exposure areas 24 are arranged offset from one another in the transverse direction A, their energy-emitting devices 23, preferably designed as radiation sources 23, are preferably individually controllable and / or adjustable. Different surface coverages can then be accommodated, for example, by providing different radiation outputs at different positions relative to the transverse direction A.

[0060] For example, a respective material temperature 86; 87; 88 is then recorded for a plurality of sub-regions 37; 38; 39 of the surface 41 of the printing material section 22 at a plurality of measuring points 46, and a respective, in particular specific, reference temperature 49 is selected from the recorded material temperatures 86; 87; 88 of the respective sub-regions 37; 38; 39. In the at least one comparison process, this respective reference temperature 49 is then preferably compared with the at least one limit value, which is the same, for example, for all sub-regions 37; 38; 39. In the at least one adaptation process, an output power of at least one respective drying device 21, which has transferred energy to this respective sub-region 36; 37; 38 of the printing material section 22, is then preferably changed depending on the result of the at least one comparison process. List of reference symbols 01 Printing press, sheet-fed printing press, web-fed printing press, sheet-fed offset printing press 02 Printing material, sheet 03 Plant equipment, sheet system 04 Bow accelerator, swing gripper 05 Processing stage, printing unit, offset printing unit 06 Processing stage, dry work 07 Processing stage, coating unit 08 Substrate discharge device, sheet delivery 09 Printing material containers, sheet stacks 10 - 11 Feed drum, transfer drum 12 Substrate feeder, sheet feeder 13 Transfer point 14 Separating device, sheet separator 15 - 16 drying device, radiation drying device, infrared drying device, hot air drying device 17 - 18 - 19 Conveyor line, belt table, suction belt table 20 - 21 Drying device, infrared drying device 22 Printing material section 23 Energy emitting device, radiation source 24 Area of influence (21) 25 - 26 Total impact area (16) 27 Temperature measuring device, thermal imaging camera 28 Detection range 29 - 30 Superstructure module, printing unit superstructure 31 substructure module, substructure 32 printing cylinders, forme cylinders, plate cylinders 33 printing cylinders, transfer cylinders, blanket cylinders, blanket cylinders 34 printing cylinders, impression cylinders, impression cylinders 35 Transfer drum, transfer drum, transferter 36 printing ink 37 sub-area 38 sub-area 39 sub-area 40 - 41 Surface 42 inking units, ductor inking units, short inking units, film inking units 43 color supply, color box 44 Ink pickup roller, ink fountain roller 45 - 46 measuring points 47 paint lifters 48 Reference temperature 49 - 50 ink application rollers 51 Dampening system 52 Display device 53 - 54 - 55 Application point, printing point, application area 56 cylinder channel 57 gripper system (34) 58 arch support elements, drum caps 59 gripper system (35) 60 - 61 printing cylinders, impression cylinders 62 Coating plant superstructure, superstructure module (07) 63 coating cylinders, coating forme cylinders 64 Fastening system, clamping and / or tensioning system 65 application system, chamber doctor blade system 66 Coating roller, anilox roller 67 chamber doctor blades 68 - 69 Sheet conveyor system, chain conveyor system 70 gripping device, gripper trolley 71 display stacks, product containers 72 sprocket 73 Chain 74 - 75 - 76 transport pad, pallet 77 - 78 Turning device 79 Sheet guide cylinder, transfer drum 80 sheet guide cylinders, storage drum 81 Sheet guide cylinder, turning drum 82 reversible gripper system 83 Sheet holding system, gripper system 84 Sheet holding system, suction system 85 - 86 Material temperature 87 Material temperature 88 Material temperature A transverse direction T Transport direction V direction, vertical QUOTES CONTAINED IN THE DESCRIPTION

[0000] This list of documents submitted by the applicant was generated automatically and is included solely for the convenience of the reader. This list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions. Cited patent literature

[0000] EP 3 381 702 A1

[0003] DE 10 2015 204 980 A1

[0004]

Claims

[1] Printing machine (01), wherein the printing machine (01) has at least one printing unit (05) and wherein the printing machine (01) has at least one drying device (21) which can be controlled and / or regulated with regard to an output power, the area of action (24) of which is arranged along a transport path provided for transporting printing material (02) after an application area (55) of the at least one printing unit (05), characterized by that the printing press (01) has at least one temperature measuring device (27), the detection area (28) of which is arranged along the transport path provided for the transport of printing material (02) after the action area (24) of the at least one drying device (21). [2] Printing machine (01) according to claim 1, characterized bythat the at least one temperature measuring device (27) is designed as at least one, in particular digital, thermal imaging camera (27) which is arranged aligned with the transport path provided for the transport of printing material (02). [3] Printing machine (01) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by that the at least one controllable and / or regulatable drying device (21) has at least one respective infrared radiation source (23) which is controllable and / or regulatable with respect to its radiation output. [4] Printing machine (01) according to claim 1 or 2 or 3, characterized by that the printing press (01) has at least one control and / or regulating device which is arranged in circuitry connection with both the at least one temperature measuring device (27) and the at least one drying device (21). [5] Printing machine (01) according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4, characterized bythat at least one smallest distance measured along the transport path provided for the transport of printing material (02) between the area of action of the at least one drying device (21) and the detection area (28) of the at least one temperature measuring device (27) is less than 150 cm. [6] Printing machine (01) according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 5, characterized bythat the printing press (01) is designed as a sheet-fed printing press (01) and that at least one such temperature measuring device (27) with its detection range (28) is arranged along the transport path provided for the transport of printing material (02) upstream of a turning device (78) and / or at least one such temperature measuring device (27) with its detection range (28) is arranged along the transport path provided for the transport of printing material (02) downstream of a coating unit (07) and / or at least one such temperature measuring device (27) with its detection range (28) is arranged along the transport path provided for the transport of printing material (02) in the region of a chain conveyor system (69) of a sheet delivery (08). [7] Method for operating a printing press (01), wherein at least one printing material section (22) is transported along a transport path through the printing press (01), and wherein, in a printing process, at least one application fluid is applied to at least a part of the at least one printing material section (22) by means of at least one printing unit (05) of the printing press (01), and wherein, in a drying process, energy is transferred to the printing material section (22) and / or the printing ink (36) applied thereto by means of at least one controllable and / or regulatable drying device (21) of the printing press (01), and wherein, in a detection process, a respective material temperature (86; 87;88) is detected and wherein in at least one adaptation process an output power of the at least one drying device (21) is changed on the basis of at least one material temperature (86; 87; 88) detected in the detection process.; [8] Method according to claim 7, characterized by that at least one first reference temperature (49) is determined taking into account the material temperatures (86; 87; 88) of the at least one partial region (37; 38; 39) detected in the detection process, and that in at least one comparison process this at least one first reference temperature (49) is compared with at least one limit value, and that in the at least one adaptation process an output power of the at least one drying device (21) is changed depending on the result of the at least one comparison process. [9] Method according to claim 7 or 8, characterized bythat the respective at least one controllable and / or regulatable drying device (21) has at least one respective infrared radiation source (23) which is controllable and / or regulatable with regard to its radiation output and / or that in the drying process energy in the form of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared range is transferred to the printing material section (22) and / or the printing ink (36) applied thereto. [10] Method according to claim 7 or 8 or 9, characterized by that the respective material temperature (86; 87; 88) is detected by means of at least one, in particular digital, thermal imaging camera (27). [11] Method according to claim 7 or 8 or 9 or 10, characterized by that a material temperature (86; 87; 88) which is lower than 85% of all material temperatures (86; 87; 88) of this at least one partial region (37; 38; 39) is selected as the respective first reference temperature (49) of the at least one partial region (37; 38; 39). [12] Method according to claim 7 or 8 or 9 or 10 or 11, characterized by that for a plurality of partial regions (37; 38; 39) of the surface (41) of the printing material section (22) a respective material temperature (86; 87; 88) is recorded at a plurality of measuring points (46), and that a respective first reference temperature (49) is selected from the recorded material temperatures (86; 87; 88) of the respective partial regions (37; 38; 39), and that in the at least one comparison process this respective first reference temperature (49) is compared with at least one limit value, and that in the at least one adaptation process an output power of at least one respective drying device (21) which has transferred energy to this respective partial region (36; 37; 38) of the printing material section (22) is changed depending on the result of the at least one comparison process. [13] Method according to claim 7 or 8 or 9 or 10 or 11 or 12, characterized by that information about an intended quantity and / or an intended distribution of printing ink (36) on the respective printing material section (22) which is already known before the printing process is used to determine the at least one partial area (37; 38; 39) of the surface (41) of the printed printing material section (22). [14] Method according to claim 7 or 8 or 9 or 10 or 11 or 12 or 13, characterized by that information about an intended quantity and / or an intended distribution of printing ink (36) on the respective printing material section (22) which is already known before the printing process is used in order to carry out a basic setting of the at least one controllable and / or regulatable drying device (21) and that in at least one first adaptation process at least one setting of an output power of at least one drying device (21) which deviates from the basic setting is carried out. [15] Method according to claim 7 or 8 or 9 or 10 or 11 or 12 or 13 or 14, characterized by that a representation of a plurality of detected material temperatures (86; 87; 88) of the at least one partial area (37; 38; 39) is displayed on a display device (52) of the printing press (01), and that an operator manually selects and / or confirms the at least one reference temperature (49) and / or the reference measuring point (46). [16] Method according to claim 7 or 8 or 9 or 10 or 11 or 12 or 13 or 14 or 15, characterized by that the determination of the at least one first reference temperature (49) and / or the comparison of the at least one first reference temperature (49) with at least one limit value and / or the change in the output power of the at least one drying device (21) is carried out automatically by means of a machine control of the printing press (01). [17] A method according to claim 7 or 8 or 9 or 10 or 11 or 12 or 13 or 14 or 15 or 16, characterized by that the determination of the at least one first reference temperature (49) and / or the comparison of the at least one first reference temperature (49) with at least one limit value and / or the change in the output power of the at least one drying device (21) is repeated during an ongoing printing operation and is carried out in an automated manner for different printing material sections (22) by means of a machine control system of the printing press (01).

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