Window or door hollow chamber profile and window or door frame formed from it

Abstract

The present invention relates to a window or door profile hollow chamber profile (1) comprising (a) a core profile (30) with a plastic matrix formed from a polyamide material and reinforcing fibers contained in the plastic matrix; and (b) a jacket profile (40) at least partially enclosing the core profile (30) and made of a thermoplastic material compatible with the plastic material of the core profile (30). According to the invention, the window or door profile hollow chamber profile (1) is characterized in that the thermoplastic material of the jacket profile (40), which is compatible with the plastic material of the core profile (30), is a blend of a polyamide material and an acrylonitrile-styrene-acrylic ester terpolymer (ASA). Furthermore, the present invention relates to a window or door frame formed from sections of a window or door profile hollow chamber profile (1) according to the invention.

Description

The invention relates to a window or door profile hollow chamber profile which comprises (a) a core profile with a plastics matrix formed from thermoplastic polyamide material and reinforcing fibers contained in the plastics matrix; and (b) a casing profile which at least partially surrounds the core profile and is made from a thermoplastic plastics material compatible with the plastics material of the core profile. Moreover, the present invention relates to a window or door frame formed from portions of such a window or door profile hollow chamber profile.For window and hollow door chamber profiles for enclosing glass panes, the aim is to achieve the best possible thermal insulation of the window obtained therefrom or of the door obtained therefrom. In order to ensure the mechanical stability required for such windows or doors, it is necessary for corresponding window or door hollow chamber profiles made of unreinforced thermoplastic material, for example polyvinyl chloride (PVC), for static reasons to introduce a usually metallic reinforcing profile into at least one of the hollow chambers of the window or door hollow chamber profile, which improves the mechanical stability at the expense of the significantly impaired thermal insulation properties. To increase the stability with good thermal insulation properties, for example, DE 203 02 286 U1 proposes the continuous fibre reinforcement of one region or more regions of a window profile made of thermoplastic material, for example made of polyamide, with a fibre volume content of more than 20%. However, window and door profiles are exposed to different weather conditions. The lack of weathering resistance of the window profiles made of fiber-reinforced polyamide in DE 203 02 286 U1 is considered disadvantageous.At this point, the present invention uses the object of making available a window profile or door profile hollow chamber profile which at least partially overcomes the disadvantages of the prior art. In particular, the window or door profile hollow chamber profile according to the invention should have a high mechanical stability with simultaneously good weathering resistance. It is also desirable to provide a window or door frame formed from portions of such a window or door profile hollow chamber profile.These and other objects are achieved according to the invention by a window or door profile hollow chamber profile having the features of claim 1 or by a window or door frame having the features of claim 9. Preferred embodiments of the window or door profile hollow chamber profile according to the invention and of the window or door frame according to the invention are described in the dependent claims.According to the present invention, it has surprisingly been found that the weathering resistance of a polyamide-comprising window or door profile hollow chamber profile can be improved by providing at least the surface of the window or door profile hollow chamber profile facing the exterior of the building in an installation situation with a weathering-resistant layer comprising a blend of a polyamide material and an acrylonitrile-styrene-acrylate terpolymer (ASA). Such a layer is compatible with the polyamide of the core profile and can thus be applied to the outer surface of the core profile simply in the course of a coexstrusion.Accordingly, the present invention is directed to the provision of a window or door profile hollow chamber profile which comprises (a) a core profile having a plastic matrix formed from a polyamide material and reinforcing fibers contained in the plastic matrix; and (b) a casing profile which at least partially surrounds the core profile and is made from a thermoplastic plastic material compatible with the plastic material of the core profile, wherein the window or door profile hollow chamber profile is characterized according to the invention in that the thermoplastic material of the casing profile compatible with the plastic material of the core profile is a blend of a polyamide material and an acrylonitrile-styrene-acrylate terpolymer (ASA). Moreover, the present invention provides a window or door frame which is formed from sections of a window or door profile hollow chamber profile according to the invention, preferably has been obtained by welding at least partially mitered sections of a window or door profile hollow chamber profile according to the invention.As used herein, the term "polyamide material" means a polyamide to which the additives, such as stabilizers, plasticizers, pigments and the like, that are usual for (co)extrusion of window or door profile hollow chamber profiles have been added. In addition, the term "weather-side outer wall" as used herein describes that wall of the window or door profile hollow chamber profile according to the invention which points to the outer side of the building when the window or door profile hollow chamber profile according to the invention is used as intended. Accordingly, the term "room-side outer wall" (the side opposite the weather side) as used herein describes that wall of the window or door profile hollow chamber profile according to the invention which, when the window or door profile hollow chamber profile according to the invention is used as intended, points to the room side of the window or door which comprises the window or door profile hollow chamber profile according to the invention.With regard to the hollow window or door profile chamber profile according to the invention, it may be preferred if the plastic material of the shell profile contains the acrylonitrile-styrene-acrylate terpolymer (ASA) in a proportion of from 10% by weight to 65% by weight, based on the weight of the shell profile, as 100% by weight. With a proportion of the acrylonitrile-styrene-acrylic ester terpolymer within such a range, a balance of good weather resistance and compatibility with the core profile is achieved. From this point of view, one of the acrylonitrile-styrene-acrylic ester terpolymers on the plastic material of the shell profile in a range from 20% by weight to 55% by weight, in particular in a range from 30% by weight to 45% by weight, in each case based on the weight of the shell profile as 100% by weight, has proven to be particularly advantageous.It can also be advantageous if the thickness of the shell profile is within a range from 0.3 mm to 1.5 mm, in particular in the range from about 0.4 mm to about 1.2 mm, preferably about 0.5 mm to about 0.9 mm and particularly preferably about 0.6 mm. A thickness of the outer layer in this region covers glass fibers that may occur on the surface to an adequate extent.It can also be preferred if the weather-side outer wall and / or the room-side outer wall are formed at least partially by the shell profile. As a result, the viewing surfaces of the structural elements formed from the hollow window profile or door profile chamber profile according to the invention, that is to say corresponding windows or doors, are formed from the shell profile. As a result, the surfaces of the hollow window or door chamber profile according to the invention exposed to changing thermal and moisture conditions in an installation situation are provided with the cladding layer which improves the weathering resistance. Moreover, the core profile, which may be rough on the surface, is covered on the visible surfaces towards the outside by the shell profile. It is particularly preferred here if the weather-side surface of the weather-side outer wall and / or the space-side surface of the space-side outer wall are formed by a layer of the casing profile which is preferably 0.3 mm to 1.5 mm thick. The remaining wall thickness of the weather-side outer wall and / or the room-side outer wall can be formed by the core profile. As a result, smooth viewing surfaces of the structural elements formed from the window profile or door profile hollow chamber profile according to the invention are maintained with very high mechanical stability of the frame formed. The cover layer formed by the shell profile preferably has a thickness in the range from about 0.4 mm to about 1.2 mm, in particular about 0.5 mm to about 0.9 mm, particularly preferably about 0.6 mm.It may also be useful if the polyamide of the core profile is selected from the group comprising polyamide-6 (PA 6), polyamide-6.6 (PA 6.6), polyamide-6.10 (PA 6.10), polyamide-4.6 (PA 4.6), polyamide-12 (PA 12) and blends of the aforementioned polyamides. Polyamide-6 is particularly preferred because of its good availability. Preferably, the polyamide of the core profile is also used as the thermoplastic plastic material of the shell profile. In particularly preferred embodiments of the hollow window or door profile chamber profile according to the invention, polyamide 6 is used as the polyamide of the core profile and a blend of polyamide-6 and an acrylonitrile-acrylate-styrene copolymer is used as the thermoplastic plastics material of the casing profile.The reinforcing fibers are expediently designed as glass and / or carbon and / or aramid fibers and / or basalt fibers, although other fiber materials are not excluded. According to the invention, however, the use of glass fibers as reinforcing fibers contained in the plastic matrix of the core profile is preferred. In the context of the invention, it is preferred to use short glass fibers having a fiber length in the range from 0.1 mm to 5 mm, long glass fibers having a fiber length in the range from 5 mm to 50 mm and / or continuous glass fibers having a length of more than 50 mm individually or in combination. While the core profile is preferably produced by extrusion or coextrusion when short and long glass fibers are used, the production of the window or door profile hollow chamber profile according to the invention by means of reactive pultrusion is most suitable when continuous glass fibers are used. When short glass fibers are used, it may also be advantageous if the mean fiber length of the reinforcing fibers is in the range from 1.5 mm to 3.2 mm. An average length of the glass fibers in this region leads to a high mechanical stability of a window or door profile hollow chamber profile according to the invention both in the longitudinal direction and perpendicular thereto. In this connection, an average fiber length in a range from 2.5 mm to 3.0 has proven to be particularly suitable. According to the invention, the use of continuous glass fibers is also particularly preferred. For continuous glass fibers, there is the greatest need to improve the surface quality. In addition, using continuous glass fibers, the highest stiffness and strength values are achieved with an Young's modulus according to DIN EN ISO 527-4:2022-03 of up to 70 000 N / mm 2 in the longitudinal direction of the profile.It may also be helpful if the reinforcing fibers are contained in the core profile in a proportion of from 10% by weight to 90% by weight, based on the weight of the core profile, as 100% by weight. If the proportion by weight of the reinforcing fibers in the core profile is within the range from 10% by weight to 90% by weight, based on the weight of the core profile, as 100% by weight, excellent moduli of elasticity in accordance with DIN EN ISO 527-4:2022-03 are achieved, and corresponding core profiles can be produced, for example, by means of reactive pultrusion. In this context, it is preferred if the proportion by weight of the reinforcing fibers in the core profile is within the range from 20% by weight to 80% by weight, in particular 30% by weight to 60% by weight, in each case based on the weight of the core profile as 100% by weight.Preferably, the outer layer is coextruded with the core profile. The term "coextrusion", as used herein, also means in this context the application of the coating to the freshly produced core profile by means of an extrusion directly following the reactive pultrusion or the extrusion of the core profile online, wherein in this case the intermediate cooling of the core profile before the application of the shell profile is also within the scope of the invention. Alternatively, in coextrusion, the core profile and the coating can be produced in a common tool.All plastic materials in the window or door profile hollow chamber profile according to the invention can also be used in this case in the form of materials obtained by a recycling process. In particular, it is preferred that a recycled polyamide is contained in the core profile. Additionally or alternatively, "fresh", i.e. non-recycled, polymer material can also be used in the shell profile.It is particularly preferred to produce the core profile of the hollow window or door profile chamber profile according to the invention in a manner known per se by coextrusion of the core profile and the shell profile.The window or door profile hollow chamber profiles according to the invention are preferably used for producing a plastic window or a plastic door. By welding pieces cut to miter of a hollow window or door profile chamber profile according to the invention or connecting such pieces by means of corresponding corner connectors, a window or door frame can be obtained. The window or door frame is provided for installation in an opening of a wall of a building or can be installed in the opening of the wall of a building.The statements regarding the window or door profile hollow chamber profile according to the invention apply correspondingly with respect to the method according to the invention.With respect to the process according to the invention, it is preferred if the core profile is produced, optionally together with the shell profile, by means of extrusion, coextrusion or pultrusion, in particular by means of reactive pultrusion.All plastic materials in the window or door profile hollow chamber profile according to the invention can also be used in this case in the form of materials obtained by a recycling process. In particular, it is preferred that a recycled polyamide is contained in the core profile. Additionally or alternatively, "fresh", i.e. non-recycled, polymer material can also be used in the shell profile.It is particularly preferred to produce the hollow window or door profile chamber profile according to the invention in a manner known per se by coextrusion of the core profile and the shell profile.The window or door profile hollow chamber profiles according to the invention are preferably used for producing a plastic window or a plastic door. By welding pieces cut to miter of a window or door profile hollow chamber profile according to the invention, a window or door frame according to the invention can be obtained. The window or door frame according to the invention is provided for installation in an opening of a wall of a building or can be installed in the opening of the wall of a building.The statements regarding the hollow window or door profile chamber profile according to the invention apply correspondingly with respect to the window or door frame according to the invention.The window or door profile hollow chamber profile according to the invention and individual parts thereof can also be produced line by line or layer by layer using a line-building or layer-forming production process (e.g. 3D printing), but production by means of coextrusion is preferred.The present invention will be explained in detail below with reference to the embodiments illustrated in the figures. FIG. 1 shows a cross-sectional representation of a window or door profile hollow chamber profile designed as a window sash profile according to an embodiment of the present invention.FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the hollow window or door profile chamber profile 1 according to the invention using the example of a leaf profile for a plastic window in a cross-sectional illustration. The window or door profile hollow chamber profile 1 according to the invention comprises a weather-side outer wall 2 and a room-side outer wall 3. Centrally, the hollow chamber profile 1 according to the invention comprises a main hollow chamber 7. The upper web 8 of the main hollow chamber 7 forms, together with an outer cover 5, a folding region 10, in which a planar element, in particular an insulating glazing, which is not illustrated, can be accommodated. The surface element is stabilized by a glass strip (not shown), which can be anchored in a glass strip groove 11 of the hollow chamber profile 1 according to the invention. The outer wall 12 of the hollow chamber profile 1 according to the invention, which outer wall is arranged at the bottom in FIG. 1, is referred to as the outer profile wall 12 on the fitting side, while one speaks with a outer profile wall 13 on the fold side on the side opposite the fitting side.In the embodiment of the hollow window or door profile chamber profile 1 according to the invention shown in FIG. 1, the central region, which comprises, for example, the walls 6, 6', 6", the inner parts of the weather-side outer wall 2, the room-side outer wall 3 and that of the fitting-side profile outer wall 12, portions of the glass strip groove 11, the folding-side profile outer wall 13 and parts of the stop 14, is formed by a core profile 30. The portions of the weather-side outer wall 2, the room-side outer wall 3 and the fitting-side profile outer wall 12 directed towards the profile outer side, and regions of a stop 14, are formed by a shell profile 40. The core profile 30 is thus partially surrounded by a covering layer of the sheathing profile 40 that is approximately 0.7 mm thick. In this case, the outer profile 40 largely forms the outer side of the hollow chamber profile 1 for the window or door profile according to the invention, while the core profile is exposed to the outside only in the region of the outer wall 13 for the profile on the side of the fold and adjoining it.According to the embodiment of the hollow window or door profile chamber profile 1 according to the invention shown in FIG. 1, the core profile 30 comprises a plastic matrix made of polyamide 6, to which additives, such as stabilizers, plasticizers, pigments and the like, which are customary for the extrusion of hollow window or door profile chamber profiles are added. For reinforcement, short glass fibers having an average fiber length of 2.6 mm are embedded in the plastic matrix in a proportion of 48 wt %, based on the weight of the core profile 30 as 100 wt %. The shell profile 40 forms a blend of polyamide 6 with acrylonitrile-acrylic ester-styrene terpolymer (ASA), the additives customary for the extrusion of window or door profile hollow chamber profiles likewise having been added to the blend.The proportion of acrylonitrile-acrylic ester-styrene terpolymer in the blend was varied over a range of from 10% to 65% by weight based on the total weight of the cladding layer 40. These blends are compatible with the core profile 30. The window or door profile hollow chamber profiles 1 according to the invention obtained in this way and the core profile 30 (without cladding layer 40) as reference example were subjected to a weathering test in accordance with DIN EN ISO 4892-2:2021-11 (method B).Here, the profiles 1 according to the invention exhibited greatly improved weathering behavior compared with the reference example (core profile 30 without cladding layer 40).The window or door profile hollow chamber profile 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. has very good weathering resistance and has high mechanical stability both in the longitudinal direction (modulus of elasticity according to DIN EN ISO 527-4:2022-03 of 9,200 N / mm 2) and perpendicular thereto.The hollow window or door profile chamber profile 1 according to the invention was produced by coextruding the core profile 30 and the casing profile 40. Polyamide 6 obtained by a recycling process was used for the core profile 30, while non-recycled polymer material was used for the shell profile 40.Despite the high proportion of short glass fibers in the core profile 30, the hollow window or door profile chamber profile 1 according to the invention can be welded by methods known to the person skilled in the art to form a window or door frame according to the invention, without additional measures beyond standard methods for the welding of plastic profiles having to be taken for this purpose. For this purpose, corresponding sections are cut to length from the window or door profile hollow chamber profile 1 according to the invention, cut to miter and welded to one another using a welding table to form a window frame according to the invention. The obtained corner joint of the present invention has a high corner strength.The present invention has been described by way of example with reference to hollow chamber profiles for the sash of a window. It is understood that the present invention is also applicable to other window or door profile hollow chamber profiles, in particular window frame profiles for a window and for window frame, frame or sash frame profiles of a door.References included in the specificationThis list of documents cited by the applicant has been produced in an automated manner and is only included for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent application or utility model application. The DPMA does not take any adhesion for any faults or omissions.Patent Literature citedDE 203 02 286 U1

[0002] Cited Non-Patent LiteratureDIN EN ISO 4892-2:2021-11

[0029] DIN EN ISO 527-4:2022-03

[0031]

Claims

Window or door profile hollow chamber profile (1) comprising (a) a core profile (30) having a plastics matrix formed from a polyamide material and reinforcing fibres contained in the plastics matrix; and (b) a casing profile (40), which at least partially surrounds the core profile (30) and is made from a thermoplastic plastics material compatible with the plastics material of the core profile (30), characterized in that the thermoplastic plastics material of the casing profile (40) compatible with the plastics material of the core profile (30) is a blend of a polyamide material and an acrylonitrile-styrene-acrylate terpolymer (ASA).Window or door profile hollow chamber profile (1) according to Claim 1, characterized in that the plastic material of the shell profile (40) contains the acrylonitrile-styrene-acrylate terpolymer (ASA) in a proportion of from 10% by weight to 65% by weight, based on the weight of the shell profile, as 100% by weight.Window or door profile hollow chamber profile (1) according to Claim 1 or Claim 2, characterized in that the thickness of the casing profile (40) is within a range from 0.3 mm to 1.5 mm.Window or door profile hollow chamber profile (1) according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that a weather-side outer wall (2) and / or a room-side outer wall (30) are formed at least partially by the shell profile (40).Window or door profile hollow chamber profile (1) according to Claim 4, characterized in that the weather-side surface of the weather-side outer wall (2) and / or the space-side surface of the space-side outer wall (2) are formed by a layer of the casing profile (40).Window or door profile hollow chamber profile (1) according to Claim 5, characterized in that the polyamide of the core profile (30) is selected from the group comprising polyamide-6 (PA 6), polyamide-6.6 (PA 6.6), polyamide-6.10 (PA 6.10), polyamide-4.6 (PA 4.6), polyamide-12 (PA 12) and blends of the aforementioned polyamides.Window or door profile hollow chamber profile (1) according to one of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that it is produced by means of extrusion, coextrusion or pultrusion, in particular by means of reactive pultrusion.Window or door profile hollow chamber profile (1) according to one of Claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the reinforcing fibres are designed as glass and / or carbon and / or aramid fibres and / or basalt fibres.Window or door frame formed from portions of a window or door profile hollow chamber profile (1) according to one of claims 1 to 8.

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