Recovery arrangement for recovering kinetic energy and vehicle with a recovery arrangement

Abstract

The invention relates to a recovery arrangement for recovering kinetic energy in a vehicle (100), comprising at least one linear generator (11) that converts the kinetic energy of a linearly moving or movable mass (111) into electrical energy, and at least one electrical consumer that receives and converts electrical energy for its operation. The linear generator (11) is directly electrically connected to the electrical consumer, and movement of the movable mass (111) generates electrical energy, which the electrical consumer simultaneously receives and converts. The electrical consumer is a lighting device of the vehicle. The invention further relates to a vehicle (100) with a recovery arrangement and to a method for operating an electrical consumer in a vehicle (100).

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a recovery arrangement for recovering kinetic energy in a vehicle, comprising at least one linear generator that converts the kinetic energy of a linearly moving or movable mass into electrical energy, and at least one electrical consumer that absorbs electrical energy for its operation and converts it during operation. The linear generator is directly electrically connected to the electrical consumer, and a movement of the movable mass generates electrical energy, which the electrical consumer simultaneously absorbs and converts. The invention further relates to a vehicle with a recovery arrangement and a method for operating an electrical consumer in a vehicle.

[0002] In electrically powered vehicles, kinetic energy which the vehicle exhibits while driving and which must be dissipated in certain operating conditions is often converted into electrical energy. This electrical energy can then be stored in an energy storage device and used to operate the vehicle. A known way of recovering electrical energy from the vehicle's kinetic energy is to use the vehicle's electric drive as a generator. This is also known as recuperation. The kinetic energy present through the vehicle's translational movement is first converted into a rotational movement of the drive or generator shaft via the contact of the tires with the road and then converted into electrical energy by the generator.However, this concept of using the electric drive as a generator to recover electrical energy cannot recover all of a vehicle's kinetic energy. For example, kinetic energy in a direction different from the direction of travel cannot be recovered.

[0003] KR 10 2023 0 110 983 A describes an energy generation device comprising an electric linear generator. The described energy generation device is arranged in a tire of a vehicle. The device converts kinetic energy, which is generated during tire deformation, into electrical energy via one or more electric linear generators and transmits this energy to an energy storage device in the vehicle.

[0004] DE 100 55 908 A1 describes a device for generating electrical energy. The device is intended for use in a watercraft and converts the kinetic energy a mass experiences due to acceleration caused by waves into electrical energy. The device comprises a linear generator with a moving mass mounted between two springs.

[0005] US 2023 / 0 208 270 A1 describes a magnetic linear actuator. This magnetic linear actuator can be used to convert kinetic energy into electrical energy.

[0006] DE 10 2014 222 742 A1 describes a tank for storing an operating and / or auxiliary material. At least one electrical consumer is arranged in this tank, which is supplied with electrical energy by an energy generation device also arranged in the tank. The energy generation device is configured to generate electrical energy from the kinetic energy of the movement of a liquid contained in the tank.

[0007] WO 2016 / 087310 A1 describes a power-generating device for a vehicle. This device is arranged in a trim strip of a vehicle. An induction unit is used to generate power, in which the movement of a flywheel inductively generates electrical energy. The resonant frequency of the flywheel in the induction unit can be adjusted to a vibration frequency of the vehicle.

[0008] DE 10 2005 022 519 A1 describes a self-sufficient energy module for mobile applications. The energy module comprises a linear generator that generates electrical energy from acceleration energy acting on the energy module. The generated electrical energy is used to charge an energy storage unit.

[0009] The object of the invention is to propose solutions with which the kinetic energy of a vehicle can be converted into electrical energy more efficiently.

[0010] This object of the invention is achieved by a recovery arrangement for recovering kinetic energy in a vehicle comprising - at least one linear generator configured to convert kinetic energy of a linearly moving or movable mass into electrical energy, - at least one electrical consumer with a specific function, which is configured to absorb electrical energy for its operation and to convert it during operation, wherein the linear generator is directly electrically connected to the electrical consumer and a movement of the movable mass of the linear generator relative to the other components of the recovery arrangement is assigned to or associated with the function of the electrical consumer, wherein the linear generator converts the movement of the mass relative to the other components of the recovery arrangement into electrical energy, which the electrical consumer absorbs and converts simultaneously, in particular without intermediate storage of the electrical energy in an energy storage device, wherein the linear generator has an effective direction, wherein the movable mass is movably mounted in the linear generator along the effective direction,The linear generator converts kinetic energy into electrical energy and transmits it to the consumer during a movement of the recovery arrangement relative to the inertial movable mass, in particular together with the vehicle. According to the invention, the electrical consumer is a lighting device of the vehicle, with the effective direction being assigned to the function of the lighting device.

[0011] The recovery arrangement according to the invention is intended for use in a vehicle, for example, an automobile. The recovery arrangement is configured to convert kinetic energy, which the recovery arrangement has or receives through its connection to the vehicle, into electrical energy.

[0012] The recovery arrangement comprises at least one linear generator having a mass that can move rectilinearly or linearly. The mass is movably mounted in the linear generator and can move translationally relative to the other components of the linear generator or the recovery arrangement. The linear generator comprises further components that convert the translational movement of the mass into electrical energy. The mass is preferably magnetic, at least in some regions, and the linear generator, independently of the mass, comprises at least one coil in which electrical current is induced by the movement of the mass that is magnetic, at least in some regions. The recovery arrangement further comprises at least one electrical consumer that absorbs and converts electrical energy generated by the linear generator.The electrical consumers can be different components of the vehicle, for example a lighting system of the vehicle.

[0013] According to the invention, the linear generator is directly connected to the electrical consumer. By directly connected is meant that a connection is provided for transmitting electrical energy, in particular electrical current, which directly connects the linear generator to the electrical consumer. The linear generator transmits electrical energy directly to the electrical consumer, preferably without intermediate storage in an energy storage device. Such a direct connection can also be referred to as discrete wiring. However, an energy storage device intended exclusively for this consumer and connected exclusively to it can be arranged in the direct electrical connection between the linear generator and the consumer, which energy is temporarily stored by the linear generator. Such an energy storage device can be formed, for example, by a capacitor.Furthermore, the direct electrical connection can also comprise such an intermediate storage device which is exclusively connected to a plurality of electrical consumers of the recovery arrangement, but has no connection to other electrical consumers of the vehicle. A direct electrical connection between the linear generator and the consumer or consumers is to be understood in particular as a connection which has no electrical contact and / or no electrical connection to electrical consumers outside the recovery arrangement. A movement of the movable mass of the linear generator relative to the other components of the recovery arrangement is functionally assigned to the electrical consumer. The other components of the recovery arrangement are to be understood as components of the linear generator which do not belong to the movable mass and / or the at least one electrical consumer.In other words, there is a functional relationship between the direction in which the movable mass moves in the recovery arrangement and in the vehicle and the electrical load. For example, the linear generator can be designed so that the movable mass can move along the direction of travel. In this embodiment, the linear generator can be connected to an electrical load, which is formed by a brake light of the vehicle. During negative vehicle acceleration, i.e., deceleration, the movable mass moves in the linear generator, and the electrical energy generated therefrom is transferred directly to the load, designed as a brake light, where it is converted by activating the brake lights.Thus, there is a functional connection between a negative acceleration of the recovery arrangement and the electrical consumer designed as a brake light to make braking of the vehicle detectable in an efficient and robust manner.

[0014] According to the invention, the electrical consumer simultaneously absorbs the electrical energy generated by the linear generator and converts it. This means that as soon as the moving mass moves, the kinetic energy generated is converted into electrical energy, which is simultaneously converted by the electrical consumer. "Simultaneously" refers to a very short period of time between the transmission from the linear generator and the conversion of the electrical energy by the consumer. Such a period of time can be, for example, between 1 millisecond and 1 second. The generated electrical energy is not temporarily stored, only within the direct electrical connection between the linear generator and the consumer, or only supplementarily outside the recovery arrangement.

[0015] The recovery arrangement according to the invention allows kinetic energy to be used simultaneously and directly by an electrical consumer in the form of electrical energy. It is particularly advantageous that the arrangement and guidance of the moving mass of the linear generator is assigned to or associated with the function of the electrical consumer. In this way, the kinetic energy present or released in a specific situation or driving situation of the vehicle is used directly for an electrical consumer linked to this situation. The electrical consumer, which in known solutions must be activated by a controller or an operator in this situation, can be activated directly or automatically by the recovery arrangement according to the invention as soon as the kinetic energy occurring or present in this situation is present.The recovery arrangement according to the invention requires no control or power supply from other systems and is therefore very well suited, for example, as a self-sufficient emergency system for operating an electrical consumer in a vehicle. In the event of a failure of the central power supply in a vehicle, the recovery arrangement according to the invention enables self-sufficient operation and thus safe and stable function of the electrical consumer in situations where it is required for safety reasons. The recovery arrangement according to the invention can be used alone to operate the electrical consumer or can be provided as a redundant additional arrangement. Furthermore, the recovery arrangement according to the invention has a very simple design and can therefore operate stably over a long period of time.The recovery system according to the invention is both compact and can be mounted at various locations in or on the vehicle. Finally, the recovery system according to the invention enables more efficient utilization or recovery of kinetic energy than the prior art. The linear generator allows kinetic energy to be recovered directly from a translational movement, without the need to convert the kinetic energy into a rotational movement.

[0016] According to the invention, the linear generator has an effective direction, wherein the movable mass is mounted in the linear generator so as to be movable along the effective direction, wherein, when the recovery arrangement moves, in particular together with the vehicle, the linear generator converts kinetic energy into electrical energy and transmits it to the consumer. The movable mass is mounted in the linear generator so as to be translationally movable. The direction in which the movable mass is mounted so as to be movable is referred to as the effective direction of the linear generator. The movable mass can move along the effective direction in the linear generator. If the recovery arrangement is accelerated in the direction of the effective direction, the movable mass moves along the effective direction in the linear generator relative to the other components of the recovery arrangement due to mass inertia.The kinetic energy of the mass moving relative to the other components of the linear generator or the recovery assembly is converted into electrical energy by the linear generator. If the recovery assembly accelerates in a direction other than the effective direction, only a portion of the kinetic energy, or none at all, is converted into electrical energy.

[0017] According to the invention, the electrical consumer is a lighting device of the vehicle, wherein the effective direction is assigned to the function of the lighting device, in particular wherein the lighting device is a brake light and the effective direction is oriented parallel to the direction of travel of the vehicle or the lighting device is a turn signal and the effective direction is oriented perpendicular to the direction of travel of the vehicle. In this embodiment, the electrical consumer is formed by a lighting device. This lighting device is functionally assigned to the effective direction of the linear generator. For example, if the effective direction is oriented in the direction of travel of the vehicle, the lighting device can be formed by a brake light.In this case, negative acceleration along the effective direction is functionally linked to the activation of the brake light. This means that when the vehicle decelerates, the recovery arrangement activates the electrical consumer embodied as a brake light. In another exemplary embodiment, in which the effective direction is oriented in a horizontal plane perpendicular to the direction of travel, the electrical consumer can be formed by a turn signal or a turn signal light. When the vehicle accelerates perpendicular to the direction of travel, which can be generated, for example, by a steering maneuver, the recovery arrangement activates the electrical consumer embodied as a turn signal.

[0018] In a further embodiment, it is provided that when the movable mass moves, the electrical energy generated by the linear generator directly activates the consumer, in particular without an activation signal triggered by a controller or a user. In this embodiment, the recovery arrangement activates the consumer as soon as the movable mass moves and thus has kinetic energy. The kinetic energy of the movable mass is converted into electrical energy and transferred to the consumer, which automatically activates the electrical consumer. This automatic activation does not require an additional activation signal or action by a user, for example the driver of the vehicle. In this embodiment, the recovery arrangement can be used particularly advantageously for activating safety-relevant consumers in the vehicle.The recovery system is compact and robust, making it virtually error-prone. The recovery system allows a safety-relevant electrical consumer to operate very reliably, independent of malfunctions in electrical or electronic components or unaffected by incorrect operation by a user in the vehicle.

[0019] In one embodiment, the linear generator is additionally electrically connected to an electrical energy storage device and converts kinetic energy of the movable mass into electrical energy and transfers it to the energy storage device. In this embodiment, the recovery arrangement comprises, in addition to the direct connection between the linear generator and the electrical consumer, an electrical connection from the linear generator to an energy storage device, for example a battery. In this way, it is possible to temporarily store electrical energy not used by the electrical consumer in the energy storage device and use it for other functions, in particular in the vehicle. This allows additional consumers or the drive of an electrically powered vehicle to be operated with electrical energy recovered from kinetic energy.

[0020] In one embodiment, the movable mass in the linear generator is mounted in the effective direction between two elastic spring elements, wherein the movable mass comprises a magnet whose poles are aligned in the effective direction and the linear generator further comprises a coil which surrounds the movable mass in the circumferential direction to the effective direction, wherein the movable mass is movable relative to the coil and the magnet of the movable mass induces an electric current in the coil during its movement and the coil transmits this electric current to the consumer. In this embodiment, the movable mass in the linear generator induces an electric current in a coil. For this purpose, the movable mass comprises a magnet which moves relative to a coil arranged in a stationary manner in the linear generator.When the magnet, and thus the magnetic field, moves relative to the coil, an electric current is induced in the coil and transmitted to the electrical load. The movable mass is mounted or arranged between two elastic spring elements in the linear generator. These spring elements enable translational movement of the movable mass within the linear generator, but limit the distance the movable mass can move within the linear generator. The linear generator can, of course, include additional components, such as an electrical circuit for smoothing, converting, or otherwise conditioning the induced electric current.

[0021] In one embodiment, the magnet of the movable mass is formed by a permanent magnet or an electromagnet. The magnet can be designed as a permanent magnet or as a combination of several permanent magnets. Alternatively, the magnet can also be designed as an electromagnet or as a combination of several electromagnets. In this case, it is necessary to transmit an excitation current to the electromagnet of the movable mass in order to electromagnetically generate the required magnetic field.

[0022] The object of the invention is further achieved by a vehicle with a recovery arrangement according to one of the previously described embodiments, wherein the effective direction of the linear generator is oriented parallel to the direction of travel of the vehicle, perpendicular to the direction of travel of the vehicle in a horizontal plane, or perpendicular to the direction of travel of the vehicle in a vertical plane. The vehicle according to the invention comprises one or more recovery arrangements according to the invention. The effective direction of the linear generator can be oriented differently relative to the direction of travel of the vehicle. It is particularly advantageous if the vehicle according to the invention comprises several recovery arrangements or one recovery arrangement with several linear generators with differently oriented effective directions.In this way, kinetic energy, which is generated or provided by a translational movement of the vehicle, can be converted particularly efficiently into electrical energy.

[0023] The object of the invention is also achieved by a method for operating an electrical consumer in a vehicle, wherein a recovery arrangement according to one of the previously described embodiments is used to carry out the method, comprising the method steps A) Accelerating the recovery arrangement together with the vehicle, whereby the movable mass in the linear generator is moved relative to the other components of the recovery arrangement by the inertia and the kinetic energy of the movable mass is converted into electrical energy, B) Transfer of electrical energy from the linear generator directly to the consumer, where the electrical energy is converted simultaneously with the movement of the movable mass in the linear generator.

[0024] The method according to the invention serves to operate an electrical consumer in a vehicle, whereby kinetic energy from the movement of the vehicle is efficiently converted into electrical energy for operating the consumer. A recovery arrangement according to the invention is used for this purpose.

[0025] In a first method step A), the recovery system is accelerated linearly or translationally together with the vehicle. This can occur, for example, by deliberately braking the vehicle. Acceleration is understood to mean any change in the current speed. For example, acceleration can occur by increasing or decreasing the current driving speed of the vehicle. Due to mass inertia, the movable mass in the linear generator moves relative to the other components of the recovery system during acceleration. The kinetic energy of the movable mass present during this relative movement is directly and simultaneously converted into electrical energy by the linear generator.

[0026] In a second process step B), the electrical energy provided by the linear generator is transferred directly to an electrical load. The electrical energy is converted into the electrical load simultaneously with the movement of the movable mass, thus powering the load.

[0027] Process steps A) and B) can be carried out continuously and / or simultaneously.

[0028] The method according to the invention enables highly efficient recovery of kinetic energy in a vehicle. Furthermore, the method enables safe operation of an electrical consumer and is hardly susceptible to malfunctions or damage to the vehicle.

[0029] In one embodiment of the method, it is provided that in method step B) the electrical load is activated by the transmission of electrical energy from the linear generator, in particular wherein the electrical load is deactivated when the transmission of electrical energy ends. In this embodiment, the electrical load is automatically activated by the provision of electrical energy from the linear generator. No other activation signal and / or no operating action by a user is required for this. It can be provided that the electrical load is also automatically deactivated as soon as the movable mass no longer has any kinetic energy and thus no electrical energy is anymore provided by the linear generator.

[0030] Features, effects, and advantages disclosed in connection with the recovery arrangement and the vehicle are also deemed to be disclosed in connection with the method. The same applies in reverse: features, effects, and advantages disclosed in connection with the method are also deemed to be disclosed in connection with the recovery arrangement and the vehicle.

[0031] The invention is schematically illustrated by means of embodiments in the drawings and will be further described with reference to the drawings. They show: Fig. 1 shows a schematic representation of the concept for converting kinetic energy by linear generators in a vehicle according to the invention, Fig. 2 shows a schematic, simplified side view of an embodiment of a linear generator of a recovery arrangement according to the invention, Fig. 3 shows a schematic, simplified side view of an alternative embodiment of a linear generator of a recovery arrangement according to the invention, Fig. 4 shows in a diagram the relationship between the acceleration of a vehicle and the conversion of kinetic energy into electrical energy.

[0032] Fig. 1 shows a schematic representation of the concept for converting kinetic energy by linear generators 11 in a vehicle 100. Fig. Figure 1 serves to explain the concept of the recovery arrangement. A vehicle 100 is symbolically represented. The X-direction of the represented coordinate system corresponds to the direction of travel of the vehicle 100. The Y-direction of the coordinate system is arranged perpendicular to the direction of travel of the vehicle 100 in a horizontal plane, and the Z-direction of the coordinate system is oriented perpendicular to the direction of travel of the vehicle 100 in a vertical plane. Symbolically, a linear generator 11 is shown in each axis of the coordinate system, the respective effective direction WR of which is oriented parallel to the respective coordinate axis. Each of the linear generators 11 comprises a movable mass 111 ( Fig. 3 and Fig. 4)

[0033] If the vehicle 100 moves in the direction of travel along the X-axis and is thereby accelerated or decelerated, the movable mass 111 moves in the linear generator 11, whose effective direction WR is oriented parallel to the X-axis, due to its inertia. The linear generator 11 converts the kinetic energy of the movement of the movable mass 111 into electrical energy and transmits it directly to a consumer. The linear generator 11, whose effective direction WR is oriented parallel to the X-axis, can be combined, for example, with an electrical consumer, which is formed by a brake light. Braking of the vehicle 100 along the direction of travel releases kinetic energy, which is then used directly and simultaneously to operate the brake light.If the vehicle is accelerated in the Y-axis direction, for example, when steering or overtaking, the linear generator 11, whose effective direction WR is oriented horizontally and perpendicular to the direction of travel, also converts the kinetic energy released by the acceleration into electrical energy and transmits it to a consumer. In this case, the electrical consumer can be formed, for example, by a flashing light, which is automatically supplied with electrical energy by the recovery arrangement during a steering maneuver or is also automatically activated by the recovery arrangement. Finally, the vehicle 100 can also be accelerated in the Z-axis direction, for example, when driving over bumps.A linear generator 11, with its effective direction WR oriented along the Z direction, can also convert the kinetic energy released by acceleration into electrical energy and transmit it to a consumer. A linear generator, with its effective direction WR oriented along the Z direction, can, for example, be connected to a visual or acoustic warning system as an electrical consumer, which warns the driver of the vehicle 100 of excessive loading of the vehicle 100 or its load when driving over uneven surfaces or bumps. The recovery arrangement can comprise multiple linear generators 11 and multiple electrical consumers. The recovery arrangement enables a very efficient conversion of kinetic energy into electrical energy.In addition to the operation of a consumer which is directly connected to at least one linear generator 11, the electrical energy provided by a linear generator 11 can of course also be transferred to an energy storage device, for example a battery, and stored there.

[0034] Fig. Figure 2 shows a schematic, simplified side view of an embodiment of a linear generator 11 of a recovery arrangement according to the invention. Fig. Figure 2 shows a simplified representation of a possible embodiment of a linear generator 11. The movable mass 111 is rod-shaped and mounted in the linear generator 11 for translational or linear movement along the effective direction WR. The movable mass 111 is mounted or clamped in the effective direction WR between two elastic spring elements 112. The spring elements 112 are elastically prestressed, enable movement of the movable mass 111, and limit the movement or mobility in the effective direction WR. The elastic spring elements 112 can be, for example, spiral springs made of steel. The movable mass 111 comprises a magnet whose poles are aligned in the effective direction WR. In the embodiment shown, the entire movable mass is designed as a permanent magnet and has a north pole oriented to the left and a south pole oriented to the right.The linear generator 11 further comprises a coil 113, which surrounds the movable mass 111 circumferentially relative to the effective direction WR. The coil 113 is fixedly arranged, while the movable mass 111 is movable relative to the coil 113. When the movable mass 111 moves relative to the coil 113, an electric current is induced in the coil 113 by the moving magnetic field of the magnet. In this way, the kinetic energy of the movable mass 111 is converted into electrical energy by the linear generator 11 and transmitted to the consumer.

[0035] Fig. Figure 3 shows a schematic, simplified side view of an alternative embodiment of a linear generator 11 of a recovery arrangement according to the invention. The embodiment in Fig. 3 is very similar to the one in Fig. 2. Unless otherwise stated, the elements of the embodiment in Fig. 3 to the description Fig. 2. In contrast to the Fig. 2, the magnet of the movable mass 111 in the embodiment in Fig. 3 are constructed differently. In the embodiment in Fig. 3, the entire movable mass 111 is formed by a stack of permanent magnets whose poles are aligned parallel to each other and along the effective direction WR. Such a stack of multiple permanent magnets also generates a magnetic field whose relative movement to the coil 113 induces an electric current in the coil 113. Alternatively, only a portion of the movable mass 111 can be designed as a magnet and / or the magnet can be formed by one or more electromagnets.

[0036] Fig. Figure 4 shows a diagram illustrating the relationship between the acceleration of a vehicle 100 and the conversion of kinetic energy into electrical energy. Fig. Figure 4 shows a two-part diagram. The time axis t of both sections is oriented to the right. The upper part of the diagram shows a negative acceleration B of vehicle 100. Such a negative acceleration B may be a braking action initiated by the driver of vehicle 100. In the example shown, the negative acceleration B is initiated at a specific point in time and remains constant thereafter.

[0037] The lower part of the diagram shows the kinetic energy KE and the electrical energy EE, which are converted by a recovery arrangement according to the invention during the negative acceleration B of the vehicle 100. It is clearly visible that the conversion of the kinetic energy KE of the movable mass 111 occurs simultaneously with the initiation of the negative acceleration B in the upper part of the diagram. This conversion can be seen from the build-up of electrical energy EE by the linear generator 11, which also begins at the same time. The lower part of the diagram shows an optimal conversion of the kinetic energy KE into electrical energy EE. This optimal conversion can be seen from the fact that the gradient of the electrical energy EE in the diagram corresponds to the increase in the kinetic energy KE with the opposite sign.In reality, however, a certain amount of power is lost during the conversion of kinetic energy KE into electrical energy EE. Since electrical energy EE is simultaneously generated and transmitted to the consumer when negative acceleration B is initiated, for example, by a driver when braking the vehicle 100, the consumer can be activated automatically without further control or intervention by the driver. The energy loss associated with . Fig. The relationships shown in Figure 4 also apply, of course, to a positive acceleration of the vehicle 100, in which the driving speed of the vehicle is increased by the driver. LIST OF REFERENCE SYMBOLS: 11 Linear generator 111 movable mass 112 spring element 113 Coil 100 vehicles B negative acceleration EE electrical energy KE kinetic energy t Timeline WR direction of action

Claims

[1] Recovery arrangement for recovering kinetic energy in a vehicle (100) comprising - at least one linear generator (11) which is configured to convert the kinetic energy of a linearly moving or movable mass (111) into electrical energy, - at least one electrical consumer with a specific function, which is configured to absorb electrical energy for its operation and to convert it during operation, wherein the linear generator (11) is directly electrically connected to the electrical consumer, and a movement of the movable mass (111) of the linear generator (11) relative to the other components of the recovery arrangement is assigned to or associated with the function of the electrical consumer, wherein the linear generator (11) converts the movement of the mass (111) relative to the other components of the recovery arrangement into electrical energy, which the electrical consumer simultaneously absorbs and converts, wherein the linear generator (11) has an effective direction (WR), wherein the movable mass (111) is movably mounted in the linear generator (11) along the effective direction (WR), wherein the linear generator (11) converts kinetic energy into electrical energy and transmits it to the consumer upon a movement of the recovery arrangement relative to the inertial movable mass (111), characterized by , that the electrical consumer is a lighting device of the vehicle (100), wherein the effective direction (WR) is assigned to the function of the lighting device. [2] Recovery arrangement according to claim 1, wherein the lighting device is a brake light and the direction of action (WR) is oriented parallel to the direction of travel of the vehicle (100) or the lighting device is a turn signal and the direction of action (WR) is oriented perpendicular to the direction of travel of the vehicle (100). [3] Recovery arrangement according to one of the preceding claims 1 or 2, in which, upon movement of the movable mass (111), the electrical energy generated by the linear generator (11) activates the consumer directly, in particular without an activation signal triggered by a controller or a user. [4] Recovery arrangement according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 3, in which the linear generator (11) is additionally electrically connected to an electrical energy storage device and converts kinetic energy of the movable mass (111) into electrical energy and transmits it to the energy storage device. [5] Recovery arrangement according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 4, in which the movable mass (111) in the linear generator (11) is mounted in the direction of action (WR) between two elastic spring elements (112), wherein the movable mass (111) comprises a magnet whose poles are aligned in the direction of action (WR) and the linear generator (11) further comprises a coil (113) which surrounds the movable mass (111) in the circumferential direction to the direction of action (WR), wherein the movable mass (111) is movable relative to the coil (113) and the magnet of the movable mass (111) induces an electric current in the coil (113) during its movement and the coil (113) transmits this electric current to the consumer. [6] Recovery arrangement according to claim 5, wherein the magnet of the movable mass (111) is formed by a permanent magnet or by an electromagnet. [7] Vehicle (100) with a recovery arrangement according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 6, wherein the effective direction (WR) of the linear generator (11) is oriented parallel to the direction of travel of the vehicle (100), perpendicular to the direction of travel of the vehicle (100) in a horizontal plane or perpendicular to the direction of travel of the vehicle (100) in a vertical plane. [8] Method for operating an electrical consumer in a vehicle (100), wherein a recovery arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 6 is used to carry out the method, comprising the method steps A) accelerating the recovery arrangement together with the vehicle (110), whereby the movable mass (111) in the linear generator (11) is moved relative to the other components of the recovery arrangement by the inertia and the kinetic energy of the movable mass (111) is converted into electrical energy, B) Transfer of electrical energy from the linear generator (11) directly to the consumer, where the electrical energy is converted simultaneously with the movement of the movable mass (111) in the linear generator (11). [9] Method according to claim 8, wherein in method step B) the electrical consumer is activated by the transmission of electrical energy from the linear generator (11), in particular wherein the electrical consumer is deactivated upon termination of the transmission of electrical energy.

Images