Device for measuring a heat transfer rate

Abstract

Apparatus for measuring a heat transfer rate, the apparatus comprising: a first layer provided with a first material portion and a second material portion arranged in parallel in a surface direction of an object and having different thermal conductivities; a second layer provided with a third material portion arranged parallel to the first material portion in a thickness direction of the first layer and having the same thermal conductivity as the second material portion, and a fourth material portion arranged parallel to the second material portion in the thickness direction and having the same thermal conductivity as the first material portion; and a temperature measuring layer arranged between the first layer and the second layer and configured to measure a temperature difference in the surface direction to calculate a heat transfer rate of the object, wherein the temperature measuring layer comprises: a thermocouple portion provided with a first contact between the first material portion and the third material portion and a second contact between the second material portion and the fourth material portion; and a noise detector made of an electrically conductive material, having a shape corresponding to the thermocouple portion and arranged parallel to the thermocouple portion; and wherein the thermocouple portion and the noise detector are arranged parallel to each other in the thickness direction.

Description

[Technical field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a heat transfer rate measuring device that can measure a heat transfer rate of an object by attaching it to a surface of the object. [Technical background]

[0002] A heat transfer phenomenon occurs in the form of at least one of conduction, convection, or radiation. A heat transfer rate, i.e., the amount of heat transferred per unit time, is a physical quantity that is studied and measured in heat transfer studies and a wide range of industrial fields. The heat transfer rate is also expressed as a heat flux, which generally represents an amount of heat per unit time (e.g., [kJ / s = kW]) or an amount of heat per unit area and time (e.g., [kW / m2]).

[0003] As a device for measuring heat transfer rate or heat flow, heat transfer rate measurement sensors or heat flow sensors have been continuously improved to improve measurement accuracy and reliability. In particular, in recent years, miniaturization has been achieved using MEMS (microelectromechanical system) technology, and accordingly, application areas are broad.

[0004] A typical layered heat transfer rate measurement sensor is configured to calculate the heat transfer rate by measuring temperatures at two locations between which a temperature difference is generated by heat transfer, using a thermocouple or thermopile. Currently, in related technology sensors, the two points for measuring the temperature difference are mainly a surface attached to an object and another surface exposed to outside air. This configuration has various error factors depending on the measurement environment, such as attachment to the object or external exposure.

[0005] Therefore, as proposed in Patent Document 1, a technique in which two contacts are formed in a sensor in a surface direction and a heat transfer rate in a thickness direction can be calculated from a temperature difference in the surface direction.

[0006] In the structure of the related art disclosed in Patent Document 1, an error factor likely caused by contact exposure has been eliminated, but there remains the possibility of noise being involved in an electromotive force, which is an electrical signal detected in the thermocouple. It is also likely that an error in a measurement result is generated when a change in the air flow of an environment in which the object is located occurs.

[0007] In constructing a heat transfer rate measuring device in which the same principle as disclosed in Patent Document 1 is realized, there is room for variously modifying a layered structure to improve manufacturing convenience and accurately calculating a heat transfer rate by reflecting such modified structures.

[0008] (Patent Document 1) Patent Registration No. KR10-0912669 B1 (August 11, 2009) [Revelation][Technical Problem]

[0009] A first aspect of the present invention is to provide a heat transfer rate measuring apparatus that can eliminate an error due to electrical noise interference when measuring a temperature difference in a surface direction of an object to calculate a heat transfer rate of the surface of the object.

[0010] A second aspect of the present invention is to provide an apparatus for measuring a heat transfer rate that can detect an influence of convection due to an air flow around an object when calculating a heat transfer rate of a surface of the object.

[0011] A third aspect of the present invention is to provide a heat transfer rate measuring apparatus that can calculate a heat transfer rate of an object by detecting a temperature difference in a surface direction of the object and can be constructed in various sectional structures. [Technical solution]

[0012] To achieve the first aspect of the present invention, an apparatus for measuring a heat transfer rate may comprise: a first layer provided with a first material portion and a second material portion having different thermal conductivities, a second layer provided with a third material portion arranged parallel to the first material portion in a thickness direction of the first layer and having the same thermal conductivity as the second material portion, and a fourth material portion arranged parallel to the second material portion in the thickness direction and having the same thermal conductivity as the first material portion, and a temperature measuring layer configured to measure a temperature difference in the surface direction between the first layer and the second layer.The temperature measuring layer may comprise a thermocouple portion provided with a first contact between the first material portion and the third material portion and a second contact between the second material portion and the fourth material portion, and a noise detector having a shape corresponding to the thermocouple portion and arranged parallel to the thermocouple portion.

[0013] To achieve the second aspect of the present invention, a device for measuring a heat transfer rate may comprise: a first layer provided with a first material portion and a second material portion having different thermal conductivities, a second layer provided with a third material portion arranged parallel to the first material portion in a thickness direction of the first layer and having the same thermal conductivity as the second material layer, a fourth material portion arranged parallel to the second material portion in the thickness direction and having the same thermal conductivity as the first material portion, and a fifth material portion formed to overlap at least a part of the first and second material portions in the thickness direction, and a temperature measuring layer,which is configured to measure a temperature difference in the surface direction between the first layer and the second layer. The temperature-measuring layer may include a thermocouple portion provided with a first contact between the first material portion and the third material portion, and a second contact between the second material portion and the fourth material portion, and a convection-detecting thermocouple portion provided with a third contact between the first material portion and the fifth material portion, and a fourth contact between the second material portion and the fifth material portion.

[0014] To achieve the third aspect of the present invention, an apparatus for measuring a heat transfer rate may comprise: a first material portion, one surface of which faces a surface of an object; a second material portion disposed adjacent to the first material portion such that one surface thereof faces the surface of the object and made of a material having a thermal conductivity different from that of the first material portion; a third material portion coupled to another surface of the first material portion and having the same thermal conductivity and thickness as those of the second material portion; a fourth material portion coupled to another surface of the second material portion such that it is adjacent to the third material portion and having the same thermal conductivity and thickness as those of the first material portion;and a thermocouple portion provided with a first contact within the first or third material portion and a second contact within the fourth or second material portion at a distance from the first contact in a surface direction of the object. [Beneficial effects]

[0015] According to the present invention having a configuration as described above, the following effects can be achieved.

[0016] First, a heat transfer rate measuring device according to the present invention can be provided with a noise detector having the same shape as a thermocouple section that measures a temperature difference in a surface direction to eliminate electrical noise from a signal of the thermocouple section. Thus, the measurement accuracy of the temperature difference can be improved and the accuracy of a calculated heat transfer rate can be increased.

[0017] Second, a heat transfer rate measuring device according to the present invention can be equipped with a convection sensing thermocouple section that is sensitive to changes in outside air convection flow and can thus detect outside air influences. Accordingly, the outside air influences can be continuously monitored and a reasonable temperature level can be calculated. Therefore, integrated information about the outside environment can be obtained, and the accuracy of heat transfer rate calculations can be improved.

[0018] Third, a heat transfer rate measuring device according to the present invention can be configured so that the thicknesses of material sections forming a pair in an opposite direction can be designed more freely, and the thicknesses can be reflected for calculating the heat transfer rate, thereby alleviating restrictions on shape and material. Accordingly, the heat transfer rate measuring device according to the present invention can be easily manufactured in various shapes. [Description of the drawings] Fig. 1 is a view illustrating a concept in which a heat transfer rate measuring device calculates a heat transfer rate of an object according to the present invention. Fig. 2 is an exploded perspective view illustrating a heat transfer rate measuring device according to an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 3 is a sectional view of the Fig. 2 illustrated heat transfer rate measuring device. Fig. 4 is a conceptual view illustrating a method for eliminating signal noise by means of an electromotive force applied by a Fig. 2 illustrated noise detector. Fig. 5 is a sectional view illustrating a heat transfer rate measuring device according to another embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 6 is a sectional view showing another example of a device used in the design of Fig. 5 illustrated fifth material section. Fig. 7 is a sectional view illustrating a heat transfer rate measuring device according to another embodiment of the present invention. [Mode of invention]

[0019] A heat transfer rate measuring apparatus according to the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

[0020] Even in different embodiments, the same / corresponding components are denoted by the same / corresponding reference numerals as in the previous embodiments, and redundant description thereof is omitted.

[0021] Further, in describing the present invention, a detailed description will be omitted if a specific description of publicly known technologies to which the invention relates is judged to obscure the essence of the present invention.

[0022] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a ready understanding of various technical features, and it is to be understood that the embodiments presented herein are not limited by the accompanying drawings. Thus, the present disclosure is to be understood as extending to any modifications, equivalents, and substitutions in addition to those expressly set forth in the accompanying drawings.

[0023] A singular representation may imply a pluralistic representation unless it represents a meaning that is definitely different from the context.

[0024] Fig. 1 is a view illustrating a concept in which a heat transfer rate of an object 10 is calculated by a heat transfer rate measuring device 100 according to the present invention. Referring to Fig. 1, the heat transfer rate measuring device 100 according to the present invention includes first and second layers 110 and 120 and a temperature measuring layer 130. The heat transfer rate measuring device 100 according to the present invention is attached to a surface of the object 10 for measuring a heat transfer rate (or heat flow) generated on the surface of the object 10.

[0025] The first and second layers 110 and 120 serve as a structure that creates a temperature gradient due to conductive heat transfer. The temperature sensing layer 130 can be supported and protected by the first and second layers 110 and 120. The first layer 110 can be located on the surface of the object 10, and the second layer 120 can be located on a surface of the first layer 110. That is, the first and second layers 110 and 120 can form a layered structure that is parallel in a thickness direction (in a vertical direction in Fig. 1) of the heat transfer rate measuring device 100 according to the present invention is laminated (layered).

[0026] However, in the heat transfer rate measuring device 100 according to the present invention, the first layer 110 is provided with first and second material portions 111 and 112, and the second layer 120 is provided with third and fourth material portions 123 and 124. The first and second material portions 111 and 112 may be made of materials with different thermal conductivities and arranged parallel in the surface direction of the object 10 (a left / right direction as shown in Fig. 1 illustrated).

[0027] The second layer 120 arranged on the first layer 110 includes the fourth material portion 124 having the same thermal conductivity as that of the first material portion 111 and the third material portion 123 having the same thermal conductivity as that of the second material portion 112. The third material portion 123 is arranged parallel to the first material portion 111 in the thickness direction, and the fourth material portion 124 is arranged parallel to the second material portion 112 in the thickness direction.

[0028] Consequently, as in Fig. 1, the first and second layers 110 and 120 may be formed such that the material sections with the same thermal conductivity are arranged alternately. Likewise, as illustrated, the first to fourth material sections 111, 112, 123, and 124 may have the same size in the thickness direction and the surface direction.

[0029] The temperature measuring layer 130 is used to detect a temperature difference for measuring a heat transfer rate of the object 10 in the present invention. In particular, the temperature measuring layer 130 of the present invention is configured to measure a temperature difference in the surface direction.

[0030] The temperature measuring layer 130 is provided with a thermocouple portion 131 having first and second contacts 131a and 131b. The first contact 131a is located between the first material portion 111 and the third material portion 123, and the second contact 131b is located between the second material portion 112 and the fourth material portion 124. Since the thermocouple portion 131 is located between the first layer 110 and the second layer 120, the thermocouple portion 131 can be arranged parallel to the first and second layers 110 and 120 in the surface direction.

[0031] A description will now be given of a process for calculating a heat transfer rate in the heat transfer rate measuring apparatus 100 according to the present invention with reference to Fig. 1.

[0032] A surface temperature of the object 10 to which the heat transfer rate measuring device 100 according to the present invention is attached can be expressed as Tb. A temperature on a surface of the second layer 120 of the present invention can be expressed as Ts. Tb and Ts can each have predetermined values ​​due to a smooth heat exchange in the surface direction.

[0033] Each thickness of the first and second layers 110 and 120 may have a predetermined value expressed as ΔX, as illustrated, and a cross-sectional area where heat transfer occurs may be expressed as A. A ratio of lengths of the material sections in the surface direction may be expressed as 1-a and a, but it is assumed that the respective material sections have the same length (a = 0.5) as described above. As in Fig. 1, it is assumed that the thermal conductivity of the first and fourth material sections 111 and 124 is k1, the thermal conductivity of the second and third material sections 112 and 123 is k2, and k1 > k2.

[0034] An equation for conductive heat transfer in the vertical direction (the thickness direction) of the heat transfer rate measuring device 100 according to the present invention as shown in Fig. 1 is expressed as follows. Qt=1Rt(Tb−Ts)

[0035] At the same time, a total thermal resistance Rt is defined as follows. R≡ΔxkA

[0036] The total thermal resistance Rt corresponds to a case where unit thermal resistors are connected in series and parallel in the thickness direction and can be calculated as follows (R1 and R2 are thermal resistances of the first and second material portions 111 and 112, Ra and Rb are thermal resistances of Qa and Qb, respectively, as described below). R1=Δxk1(0.5A) Ra=Rb=R1+R2=Δx(0.5A)(k1+k2k1k2) 1Rt=1Ra+1Rb=AΔx(k1k2k1+k2)

[0037] A total heat transfer rate Qt is expressed by the sum of a heat transfer rate Qa flowing along the first and third material portions 111 and 123 and a heat amount Qb flowing along the second and fourth material portions 112 and 124. Qt=Qa+Qb

[0038] The above equation can be expressed as the conductive heat transfer equation including the thermal resistance term to thereby obtain the following equation. Tb−Ts=(k1+k2k1−k2)(T1−T2)

[0039] That is, a temperature difference (T1 - T2) measured at the first and second contacts 131a and 131b in the surface direction of the heat transfer rate measuring device 100 according to the present invention has a relationship directly proportional to a temperature difference (Tb - Ts) in the thickness direction.

[0040] Furthermore, by substituting the above equation into the total conductive heat transfer equation, the following equation can be derived. Qt=AΔx(k1k2k1−k2)(T1−T2)

[0041] The heat transfer rate Qt in the thickness direction of the object 10 can be calculated by reflecting the temperature difference detected by the thermocouple portion 131 of the temperature measuring layer 130.

[0042] As described above, since the heat transfer rate of the object 10 is calculated based on the temperature difference in the surface direction according to the relational equation described above, the heat transfer rate measuring device 100 according to the present invention does not need to space the thermocouple contacts at intervals in the thickness direction. Therefore, the device can be minimized in thickness in the form of a thin film, effectively reducing its size.

[0043] In addition, since the temperature measuring layer 130 is located between the first layer 110 and the second layer 120, a thermal contact state or an insulating state of the thermocouple portion 131 can be easily ensured to thereby improve the accuracy of a measurement result.

[0044] Fig. 2 is an exploded perspective view illustrating a heat transfer rate measuring device 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention, and Fig. 3 is a sectional view of the Fig. 2 illustrated heat transfer rate measuring device 100. It follows with reference to Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 is a description of a configuration that can calculate a result by removing noise from an electrical signal generated in the heat transfer rate measuring apparatus 100 according to the present invention.

[0045] As in Fig. 2 and Fig. As illustrated in Figure 3, the temperature sensing layer 130 according to the present invention may further include a noise detector 132. The noise detector 132 is used to detect electrical noise (noise).

[0046] In detail, the noise detector 132 may have a shape corresponding to the thermocouple portion 131 and may be arranged parallel to the thermocouple portion 131 in the thickness direction at a distance from each other. As shown in Fig. 2 and Fig. As illustrated in Figure 3, when the thermocouple portion 131 is configured as a thermopile formed by an overlap of a plurality of thermocouples, the noise detector 132 may be zigzagged to conform to the shape. That is, the noise detector 132 may be formed to precisely overlap the thermocouple portion 131 in the thickness direction. The noise detector 132 may be formed of a conductive material, and its two end portions may be electrically connected to a controller (not illustrated) for measuring an electromotive force.

[0047] The noise detector 132 may be spaced apart from the thermocouple portion 131 to prevent current flow therealong. For example, an insulating portion 133 extending in the surface direction may be provided between the noise detector 132 and the thermocouple portion 131. As shown in Fig. 2 and Fig. As illustrated in Figure 3, considering the materials of the first to fourth material sections 111, 112, 123, and 124, insulating layers 134 for maintaining insulation may be provided on the top and bottom surfaces of the temperature sensing layer 130, respectively. Therefore, the insulating section 133 located between the noise detector 132 and the thermocouple section 131 may also be laminated by forming it in the same shape and from the same material as the insulating layers 134.

[0048] Fig. Fig. 4 is a conceptual view illustrating a method for eliminating signal noise by means of an electromotive force generated by the noise detector 132 as shown in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3. As in (a) of Fig. As illustrated in Figure 4, when the heat transfer rate measuring device 100 according to the present invention is attached to the object 10, an electromotive force Vt detected by the thermocouple portion 131 may contain electrical noise. That is, the electromotive force Vt measured by the thermocouple portion 131 may be in a state where electrical noise interferes with the electromotive force generated due to a temperature difference between the first and second contacts 131a and 131b. An inaccurate heat transfer rate may be calculated if the electromotive force Vt of the thermocouple portion 131 is converted into the temperature difference as it is.

[0049] Further, when the noise detector 132 is provided according to this embodiment, while the thermocouple section 131 detects the electromotive force Vt as shown in (a) of Fig. 4, the noise detector 132 can detect noise in the electromotive force Vn of a profile as in (b) of Fig. 4. Since the noise detector 132 is made of a single electrically conductive material, only a pure electrical noise signal, which is independent of the temperature difference between the first and second contacts 131a and 131b, can be formed in the noise detector 132.

[0050] The heat transfer rate measuring device 100 according to the present invention may further include a controller that plays a role in processing an electromotive force signal (Vt) of the thermocouple section 131 by using the electromotive force signal (Vn) obtained in the noise detector 132. The controller may process an electromotive force signal as shown in (c) of Fig. 4, obtained by subtracting the noise electromotive force Vn detected by the noise detector 132 from the electromotive force Vt detected by the thermocouple section 131. Then, the controller can calculate a temperature difference (T1 - T2) between the first contact 131a and the second contact 131b according to the value shown in (c) of Fig. 4. Likewise, the controller may be configured to calculate the heat transfer rate of the object 10 from the temperature difference (T1 - T2) in the surface direction.

[0051] By further providing the noise detector 132 in the heat transfer rate measuring device 100 according to the present invention, the disturbing electrical noise in the electromotive force signal of the thermocouple section 131 can be detected and eliminated. This can lead to improved accuracy with respect to the temperature difference value in the surface direction, thus increasing the accuracy and reliability of the heat transfer rate. In particular, the measurement accuracy can be improved because an electromotive force generated due to a temperature difference, which can be finely graded, can be accurately classified when the heat transfer rate measuring device 100 is manufactured in the form of a thin film using MEMS technology.

[0052] Meanwhile, Fig. 5 is a sectional view illustrating a heat transfer rate measuring device 200 according to another embodiment of the present invention. Next, a description will be given of a configuration for detecting an influence of uneven convection due to an external fluid (air, etc.) according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0053] As in Fig. As illustrated in Figure 5, the heat transfer rate measuring device 200 according to the present embodiment includes first and second layers 110 and 120 and a temperature measuring layer 130 similar to the previous embodiment. The first layer 110 is provided with first and second material portions 111 and 112, and the temperature measuring layer 130 is provided with a thermocouple portion 131 having first and second contacts 131a and 131b for measuring a temperature difference in a surface direction.

[0054] However, the second layer 120 of the present embodiment is further provided with a fifth material portion 225. The fifth material portion 225 serves to differentially form heat transfer amounts Qc and Qd passing through the first material portion 111 and the second material portion 112. Specifically, the fifth material portion 225 may be formed to at least partially overlap the first and second material portions 111 and 112 in a thickness direction. The fifth material portion 225 may be made of a single material so that it is located on a portion of the first and second material portions 111 and 112.

[0055] The temperature measuring layer 130 may include a convection-sensing thermocouple portion 235, which is provided with a third contact 235c between the first material portion 111 and the fifth material portion 225, and with a fourth contact 235d between the second material portion 112 and the fifth material portion 225. The convection-sensing thermocouple portion 235 may be formed in the same shape as the thermocouple portion 131. Both end portions of the convection-sensing thermocouple portion 235, separate from the thermocouple portion 131, may be connected to a controller to transmit a separate electromotive force signal to the controller.

[0056] As in Fig. 5, the fifth material portion 225 may be provided of the same material over the third and fourth contacts 235c and 235d, so that a temperature difference T3-T4 detected by the convection sensing thermocouple portion 235 of the present embodiment may have the same value as a temperature difference Ts3-Ts4 generated on a surface of the fifth material portion 225.

[0057] When a fluid flow (e.g., an air flow due to convective heat transfer) occurs on the fifth material portion 225 in a state where all temperature differences are generated by a predetermined value due to the heat transfer rate of the object 10, the temperature difference Ts3-Ts4 generated on the upper surface of the fifth material portion 225 may change. The temperature difference Ts3-Ts4 may influence the temperature difference T3-T4 of the convection detection thermocouple portion 235 because each temperature changes due to the same temperature gradient generated along the thickness direction of the fifth material portion 225. Therefore, the convection detection thermocouple portion 235 can detect the degree and duration of a change in a spatial temperature distribution due to an influence of outside air.

[0058] The heat transfer rate measuring device 200 according to the present embodiment, which is equipped with the convection detection thermocouple section 235, can be sensitive to changes in the outside air convection flow and thus detect any influence of the outside air. Thus, the influence of the outside air can be continuously monitored during the heat transfer rate measurement. That is, additional information about the outside environment can be obtained and reflected for calculating the heat transfer rate. Specifically, this can lead to the calculation of a meaningful temperature generated on the surface of the object 10 due to the outside air flow.

[0059] In particular, in order to sensitively reflect the temperature change of the upper surface of the fifth material section 225 at the convection-sensing thermocouple section 235, the fifth material section 225 can be made of a material with a relatively high thermal conductivity, for example, a metallic material. The temperature measuring layer 130 can be provided with an insulating layer 134 between the convection-sensing thermocouple section 235 and the fifth material section 225 for electrical insulation from the convection-sensing thermocouple section 235.

[0060] Additionally, Fig. 6 is a sectional view showing another example of the device used in the design of Fig. 5 illustrated fifth material section 225. The other example of Fig. 6 illustrates a case where the temperature difference T3 - T4 between the third contact 235c and the fourth contact 235d can more accurately reflect the temperature difference Ts3 - Ts4 on the top side of the fifth material portion 225.

[0061] With reference to Fig. 6, the fifth material portion 225 may include heat conduction-promoting portions 225a and a heat conduction-retarding portion 225b. The heat conduction-promoting portions 225a may be spaced apart from each other to overlap the third contact 235c and the fourth contact 235d, respectively, and may be made of a material with a higher thermal conductivity than the heat conduction-retarding portion 225b.

[0062] The heat conduction-retarding portion 225b may be disposed between the heat conduction-promoting portions 225a. Specifically, the heat conduction-retarding portion 225b may be located parallel to a contact point between the first material portion 111 and the second material portion 112 in the thickness direction. The heat conduction-retarding portion 225b may be made of a material with a relatively lower thermal conductivity than the heat conduction-promoting portions 225a.

[0063] The heat conduction-delaying portion 225b can limit the occurrence of heat conduction in the surface direction between the two heat conduction-promoting portions 225a. This can limit the reduction of the temperature differences T3 - T4 and Ts3 - Ts4 in the surface direction and lead to more sensitive measurement of the influence of outside air convection.

[0064] On the other hand, Fig. 7 is a sectional view illustrating a heat transfer rate measuring device 300 according to another embodiment of the present invention. With reference to this embodiment, a description will be given of a configuration for accurately measuring a heat transfer rate according to the above-mentioned principle, even when the first to fourth material portions 311, 312, 323, and 324 have different thicknesses.

[0065] The heat transfer rate measuring device 300 according to the present embodiment includes first to fourth material sections 311, 312, 323, and 324. The first material section 311 is arranged so that its bottom side faces the surface of the object 10, and the second material section 312 is arranged adjacent to the first material section 311 so that its bottom side faces the surface of the object 10. The first material section 311 and the second material section 312 are made of materials with different thermal conductivities.

[0066] The third material section 323, which is made of a material with the same thermal conductivity as the second material section 312, is coupled to a top side of the first material section 311. The second and third material sections 312 and 323 have the same thickness, i.e., the same height in a vertical direction.

[0067] The fourth material section 324, which is made of a material with the same thermal conductivity as the first material section 311, is coupled to a top side of the second material section 312. The fourth material section 324 has the same thickness as the first material section 311. Consequently, as shown in Fig. 7, the first to fourth material portions 311, 312, 323 and 324 may be formed to have predetermined thicknesses.

[0068] Further, the heat transfer rate measuring device 300 according to the present embodiment includes a thermocouple portion 131. The thermocouple portion 131 forms a first contact 131a and a second contact 131b for measuring a temperature difference between the two points. The first contact 131a is located within the first material portion 311 or the third material portion 323, and the second contact 131b is spaced from the first contact 131a in the surface direction of the object 10 so that it is located within the fourth material portion 324 or the second material portion 312.

[0069] Further, the heat transfer rate measuring device 300 of the present embodiment may include a controller (not illustrated) for calculating a heat transfer rate as follows.

[0070] Similar to the previous embodiment, it is assumed that a total cross-sectional area in which heat transfer occurs is A, the thermal conductivity of the first and fourth material portions 311 and 324 is k1, the thermal conductivity of the second and third material portions 312 and 323 is k2, and k1>k2. A temperature of each point is Fig. 7 illustrated.

[0071] And if it is assumed that a thickness of the first and fourth material portions 311 and 324 is Δx1 and a thickness of the second and third material portions 312 and 323 is Δx2, then Δx1 > Δx2 as in Fig. 7. If a ratio between them is C(=Δx1 / Δx2), then a conductive heat transfer equation can be calculated as follows. Qt=1Rt(Tb−Ts) 1Rt=AΔx2(k1k2k1+Ck2)

[0072] In addition, similarly to the previous embodiment, a relationship between a temperature difference Tb-Ts in the thickness direction of the heat transfer rate measuring device 300 and a temperature difference T1-T2 between the first and second contacts 131a and 131b can be calculated as follows. Tb−Ts=(k1+Ck2k1−k2)(T1−T2)

[0073] Accordingly, the total heat transfer rate is summarized as follows with respect to the temperature difference T1 - T2 between the first and second contacts 131a and 131b. Qt=AΔx2(k1k2k1−k2)(T1−T2)

[0074] On the other hand, in contrast to the above case, when Δx1 < Δx2 is satisfied and the ratio between them is C(=Δx2 / Δx1), the total heat transfer rate can be calculated as follows. Qt=AΔx1(k1k2k1−k2)(T1−T2)

[0075] The heat transfer rate measuring device 300 according to another aspect of the present invention has the advantage that the thickness of each material portion does not necessarily need to be made uniform. That is, if only one condition is met that the first material portion 311 and the fourth material portion 324 have the same thickness, and the second material portion 312 and the third material portion 323 have the same thickness, the heat transfer rate of the object 10 can be accurately measured based on the temperature difference in the surface direction.

[0076] Likewise, in this embodiment, material sections made of the same material and arranged in an alternating manner can be designed to be in contact with each other. Thus, if only one of the first material section 311 and the second material section 312 is made of an electrically insulating material, the insulating section 133 for electrically insulating the thermocouple section 131 may be omitted.

[0077] Therefore, according to the present embodiment, the limitations on the shape and material of the heat transfer rate measuring device 300 can be alleviated and the manufacturing convenience can be improved.

[0078] The above description is intended merely to illustrate embodiments for implementing the heat transfer rate measuring device according to the present invention, and thus, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Those skilled in the art will understand that various changes in form and details may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims. [Industrial applicability]

[0079] The present invention can be used to measure a heat transfer rate or a thermal insulation performance of an object in a wide range of industries and research fields related to heat transfer.

Claims

[1] An apparatus for measuring a heat transfer rate, the apparatus comprising: a first layer provided with a first material portion and a second material portion arranged in parallel in a surface direction of an object and having different thermal conductivities; a second layer provided with a third material portion arranged parallel to the first material portion in a thickness direction of the first layer and having the same thermal conductivity as the second material portion, and a fourth material portion arranged parallel to the second material portion in the thickness direction and having the same thermal conductivity as the first material portion; and a temperature measuring layer arranged between the first layer and the second layer and configured to measure a temperature difference in the surface direction to calculate a heat transfer rate of the object, wherein the temperature measuring layer comprises: a thermocouple portion provided with a first contact between the first material portion and the third material portion and a second contact between the second material portion and the fourth material portion; and a noise detector made of an electrically conductive material, having a shape corresponding to the thermocouple portion and arranged parallel to the thermocouple portion; and wherein the thermocouple portion and the noise detector are arranged parallel to each other in the thickness direction. [2] The device according to claim 1, wherein the temperature measuring layer further includes an insulating portion disposed between the thermocouple portion and the noise detector. [3] The apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a controller electrically connected to each of the thermocouple portion and the noise detector, and configured to calculate the heat transfer rate of the object based on a value obtained by subtracting an electromotive force detected by the noise detector from an electromotive force detected by the thermocouple portion. [4] An apparatus for measuring a heat transfer rate, the apparatus comprising: a first layer provided with a first material portion and a second material portion arranged in parallel in a surface direction of an object and having different thermal conductivities; a second layer provided with a third material portion arranged parallel to the first material portion in a thickness direction of the first layer and having the same thermal conductivity as the second material portion, a fourth material portion arranged parallel to the second material portion in the thickness direction and having the same thermal conductivity as the first material portion, and a fifth material portion formed to overlap at least a part of the first and second material portions in the thickness direction; and a temperature measuring layer arranged between the first layer and the second layer and configured to measure a temperature difference in the surface direction to calculate a heat transfer rate of the object, wherein the temperature measuring layer comprises: a thermocouple portion provided with a first contact between the first material portion and the third material portion and a second contact between the second material portion and the fourth material portion; and a convection sensing thermocouple portion provided with a third contact between the first material portion and the fifth material portion and a fourth contact between the second material portion and the fifth material portion. [5] The device according to claim 4, wherein the temperature measuring layer is provided with an insulating layer disposed between the convection sensing thermocouple portion and the fifth material portion, and wherein the fifth material portion is made of a metallic material. [6] The device of claim 4, wherein the fifth material portion comprises: Heat conduction conveying sections positioned to overlap the third contact and the fourth contact, respectively; and a heat conduction delay section positioned between the heat conduction promoting sections and made of a material having a lower thermal conductivity than that of the heat conduction promoting sections. [7] An apparatus for measuring a heat transfer rate, the apparatus comprising: a first portion of material positioned so that a surface thereof faces a surface of an object; a second material portion positioned adjacent to the first material portion such that a surface thereof faces the surface of the object, the second material portion being made of a material having a thermal conductivity different from that of the first material portion; a third material portion coupled to another surface of the first material portion and having the same thermal conductivity and thickness as that of the second material portion; a fourth material portion coupled to another surface of the second material portion such that it is adjacent to the third material portion and has the same thermal conductivity and thickness as that of the first material portion; and a thermocouple portion provided with a first contact within the first or third material portion and a second contact within the fourth or second material portion so as to be spaced from the first contact in a surface direction of the object. [8] The apparatus of claim 7, further comprising a controller configured to calculate a heat transfer rate Qt of the object using the following equation: Qt=AΔx(k1k2k1−k2)(T1−T2) where T1 and T2 denote temperatures of the first contact and the second contact, k1 and k2 denote thermal conductivities of the first and second material portions (k1>k2), and Δx denotes a smaller value of a thickness of the first material portion and a thickness of the second material portion.

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