Control device of a gear cutting machine for gear machining with subsequent chamfering

Abstract

Control device of a gear cutting machine (500) which is designed and programmed to control the gear cutting machine to carry out a method for gear cutting,in which, on the gear cutting machine (500) controlled by the control device, a gear toothing is produced or machined on a workpiece clamped on a workpiece spindle arranged at a first machine location by a gear cutting tool driven in rotation on a first tool spindle, and subsequently, in the same workpiece clamping or in a clamping of the machined toothed workpiece on a workpiece spindle (10) arranged at a second machine location, with synchronized rotation of the workpiece and a workpiece-bound chamfering tool (1) driven in rotation by a second tool spindle, and with a feed movement (V) between the chamfering tool and the workpiece, a chamfer is produced on a tooth front edge (5) of a tooth flank of the workpiece toothing by cutting with a cutting edge (15) of the chamfering tool,wherein, during chamfering, the axial distance between the axes of rotation of the workpiece and the chamfering tool is not greater than half a pitch of the workpiece toothing, the axis intersection angle between the tool axis of rotation and the workpiece axis of rotation and / or the axis intersection angle between the tool axis of rotation and a surface normal to the end face (6) of the workpiece adjacent to the machined tooth end edge deviates from 90° by no more than 12°, preferably no more than 8°, in particular no more than 4°, in particular the cutting edge, at least in its section chamfering in the region at half the tooth height of the workpiece toothing, has a greater directional component in the direction of the axis of rotation of the chamfering tool than in the rotation plane orthogonal thereto, and wherein the chamfering is controlled by the same control device as the gear machining with the gear machining tool.

Description

The invention relates to a control device of a gear cutting machine for gear cutting with subsequent chamfering.When a (gear cutting) method, method design or variant is referred to below, this is to be understood, insofar as protective objects are concerned, as a method, method design or variant for the execution of which the gear cutting machine can / is initiated by the (gear cutting / variant) control device. The term "method" represents in this respect merely a linguistic simplification.It is well known in the art to chamfer serrations on the tooth faces after machining thereof, for example, the face of the gear in the subsequent operations is intended to serve as a planar chip or determination surface whose planarity would be disturbed by the burr. Furthermore, after hardening has taken place, a burr entails the risk that it will spring off during the later running of the gearwheel in a transmission and cause damage to the tooth flanks or to transmission components. Apart from this, such a burr also represents a risk of injury when handling the toothing or the toothed workpieces. If only the burr were removed and not the tooth edge itself were machined, there is the risk that the latter would become vitreous hard during curing by overcarburizing and then break out under load.Numerous different chamfering methods have been developed to address this drawback. In a method disclosed in EP 1 279 127 A1, material of the workpiece is displaced in the region of the tooth edge by a bevel gear rolling in tooth engagement therewith. The secondary burrs (material bulges) produced during this so-called rolling deburring or rolling pressure deburring must subsequently likewise be removed. DE 10 2009 018 405 A1 teaches how such secondary burrs can be suitably removed.As an alternative to this chamfering by plastic pressing, it is possible to produce a chamfer on the tooth edge by cutting. According to DE 10 2009 019 433 A1, a substantially cylindrical machining tool, which has at least one cutting edge, is clamped on a tool spindle for this purpose.DE 10 2013 012 797 A1 discloses a method which also works in a cutting manner, wherein the chamfering wheel is substantially the same as a peeling wheel, and an additional angle of inclination is set starting from the standard configuration of the gear-peeling engagement. The axial distance set here corresponds in terms of magnitude to the sum of the workpiece radius and tool radius, and chamfering can take place with a feed movement that is predominantly parallel to the workpiece axis or can be integrated into the chamfering tool via a special configuration of the chamfering tool. The chamfering method described in the non-patent literature "Advances in Manufacturing Engineering and Materials, pp. 18-26" also works with a feed movement parallel to the workpiece axis, in which a workpiece-bound chamfering tool simultaneously processes both tooth end edges of a tooth gap and a component of the cutting speed parallel to the workpiece axis is directed at one edge toward the axial tooth center and at the other edge away from the axial tooth center.A further cutting chamfering with a workpiece-bound chamfering tool, the profile of which is designed in such a way that, when a chamfering milling cutter tooth passes through a tooth gap of the workpiece toothing, the latter is chamfered completely on both flanks of the tooth gap, is disclosed in DE 10 2013 015 240 A1, the so-called "Chainfer-Cut Milling". These "chamfer cut milling cutters" look similar to a hob, but the circles of flight of the same profile regions overlap. A further cutting chamfering which is oriented even closer to hob cutting is described in DE 10 2018 001 477.According to a similar principle to the "Chamfer-Cut milling cutter" disclosed in DE 10 2013 015 250 A1, there is also a cutting blade-like removal at the tooth edge, which removal is used to produce a roof, for example for gear tooth arrangements, in which rotating cutting blades, for example realized in the form of an end milling cutter, are set with their tool rotation axis in skew with the axis of the workpiece tooth arrangement in such a way that a tooth flank of the workpiece tooth arrangement is machined parallel to the end geometry to be produced by a cutting process during a single pass through the machining zone. Such a method is described, for example, in the non-patent literature T. Bausch, "Innovative Gear Manufacturing", Expert-Verlag, 3rd edition, on page 323.The method disclosed in DE 10 2014 218 082 A1 is similar to the gear cutting chamfering of DE 10 2013 012 797 A1, but a skew axle configuration is already structurally integrated into the gear cutting machine.A further chamfering technique is disclosed in DE 10 2018 108 632 A1, in which a pin milling cutter is moved along the tooth edge by machine axis movement, a chamfering technique which is particularly well suited for end edges which cannot be reached well by means of "chain-cut milling cutters" or hob-like tools on account of disturbing contours on the workpiece.WO 2019 / 017248 A1 proposes, although it makes use of a pressing method such as roller pressure deburring, to displace the weight of secondary burr generation away from the tooth flank in the direction of the end side.From the standpoint of arrangement, EP 1 495 824 A2 has disclosed placing the machining tools serving for chamfering the tooth edges on the same shaft and also placing a hob serving for producing the workpiece toothing.All these chamfering techniques have their merits and disadvantages. The object of the invention is to provide a tooth machining with subsequent chamfering machining, which achieves in particular a satisfactory combination of a suitability for machining workpieces with disturbing contours and simplicity of the method configuration.This object is achieved by a method for tooth machining, in which a tooth system is produced or machined on a tooth system machine controlled by a control device on a workpiece clamped on a workpiece spindle arranged at a first machine point by a tooth system tool rotationally driven on a first tool spindle and a tooth system is subsequently produced in the same workpiece clamping or in a clamping of the machined toothed workpiece on a workpiece spindle arranged at a second machine point with synchronized rotation of the workpiece and a workpiece-bound chamfering tool rotationally driven by a second tool spindle and a chamfer is produced on a tooth end edge of a tooth flank of the workpiece tooth system under a feed movement between chamfering tool and workpiece in a manner intersecting a cutting edge of the chamfering tool, wherein, during chamfering, an axial distance between the axes of rotation of the workpiece and chamfering tool is not greater than half a pitch of the workpiece toothing, the axial cross angle between the tool axis of rotation and the workpiece axis of rotation and / or the axial cross angle between the tool axis of rotation and a surface normal of the end face of the workpiece adjoining the machined tooth end edge deviates from 90° by not more than 12°, preferably not more than 8°, in particular not more than 4°, the predominant directional component of the feed movement extends in the direction of the tool axis of rotation and in particular the cutting edge has a greater directional component in the direction of the axis of rotation in any case in its portion chamfering in the region at half the tooth height of the workpiece toothing than in the plane of rotation orthogonal thereto.This combination of the cross-axis angle setting, the feed movement and the cutting position configuration and the restriction of the axial distance ensures that a chamfer can still be processed in a continuous method and thus also in a time-saving manner even in the vicinity of a disturbing contour, unlike in cases in any case predominantly of an axial feed movement or a pin milling cutter, in which, as in the case of shape milling, the chamfering tool is moved along the tooth edge.In a preferred embodiment of the method, it is provided that the tooth end edge of the same tooth gap, which edge is chamfered with the chamfering tool, is chamfered with an additional chamfering tool, which is driven in rotation by a third tool spindle.This method variant is also regarded as advantageous and is considered to be solely sensitive, regardless of the question of how the feed movement is / can take place. The invention thus also relates to a method for tooth machining, in which a tooth system is produced or machined on a tooth system machine controlled by a control device on a workpiece clamped on a workpiece spindle arranged at a first machine point by a tooth system tool rotationally driven on a first tool spindle and a tooth system is subsequently produced in the same workpiece clamping or in a clamping of the machined toothed workpiece on a workpiece spindle arranged at a second machine point with synchronized rotation of the workpiece and a workpiece-bound chamfering tool rotationally driven by a second tool spindle and a chamfer is produced on a tooth end edge of a tooth flank of the workpiece tooth system with a cutting edge of the chamfering tool under a feed movement between the chamfering tool and the workpiece, wherein, during chamfering, an axial distance between the axes of rotation of the workpiece and chamfering tool is not greater than half a pitch of the workpiece toothing, the axial cross angle between the tool axis of rotation and the workpiece axis of rotation and / or the axial cross angle between the tool axis of rotation and a surface normal of the end face of the workpiece adjoining the machined tooth end edge deviates from 90° by not more than 12°, preferably not more than 8°, in particular not more than 4°, in particular the cutting edge in each case has a greater directional component in the direction of the axis of rotation in its portion chamfering in the region of the tooth tips of the workpiece toothing than in the plane of rotation orthogonal thereto, and wherein the tooth end edge other than the tooth end edge of the same tooth gap chamfered with the chamfering tool is chamfered with an additional chamfering tool which is rotationally driven by a third tool spindle.This variant has the advantage, by means of the further chamfering tool, that a coupling of the machining of both tooth end edges of a tooth gap is canceled and a machining offset is thus canceled on the basis of the, although small, difference time in the successive machining of both tooth edges, mediated via the workpiece rotation.In this context, it is also preferably provided that the workpiece-axis-parallel directional component of the cutting speed is directed away from the axial center of the workpiece toothing (i.e. from the flank) (in the direction of the machined end face), when chamfering with the chamfering tool and / or the additional chamfering tool, preferably when chamfering with both tools. This reduces the risk of the formation of secondary burrs on the tooth flank side.In a further preferred embodiment, provision is made for chamfering to be controlled using the same control device as the tooth machining using the tooth machining tool. This configuration is also considered to be sensitive regardless of the question of the feed movement. The invention thus also relates to a method for tooth machining, in which a tooth system is produced or machined on a tooth system machine controlled by a control device on a workpiece clamped on a workpiece spindle arranged at a first machine point by a tooth system tool rotationally driven on a first tool spindle and a tooth system is subsequently produced in the same workpiece clamping or in a clamping of the machined toothed workpiece on a workpiece spindle arranged at a second machine point with synchronized rotation of the workpiece and a workpiece-bound chamfering tool rotationally driven by a second tool spindle and a chamfer is produced on a tooth end edge of a tooth flank of the workpiece tooth system with a cutting edge of the chamfering tool under a feed movement between the chamfering tool and the workpiece, wherein, during chamfering, an axial distance between the axes of rotation of the workpiece and chamfering tool is not greater than half a pitch of the workpiece toothing, the axial cross angle between the tool axis of rotation and the workpiece axis of rotation and / or the axial cross angle between the tool axis of rotation and a surface normal of the end face of the workpiece adjoining the machined tooth end edge deviates from 90° by not more than 12°, preferably not more than 8°, in particular not more than 4°, in particular the cutting edge in each case has a greater directional component in the direction of the axis of rotation of the chamfering tool in its portion chamfering in the region of the tooth tips of the workpiece toothing than in the plane of rotation orthogonal thereto, and wherein chamfering is controlled with the same control device as the toothing machining with the toothing machining tool.The control device is thus not a separate control device which is directed solely to chamfering and receives external input, but rather already has the control parameters of the previous toothing production or machining, including any changes in setting thereof carried out within a batch. This increases the safety and reliability of the chamfering process.In this context, it is preferably provided that at least one control parameter of the chamfering flows into the chamfering as a function of a change in a control parameter of the gear machining using the gear machining tool. This increases the flexibility of the method.In a further preferred embodiment, it is provided that the control parameter during chamfering influences the course of the transition line between tooth flank and chamfer, taking into account an allowance to be removed in a later hard fine machining compared to a final geometry of the workpiece toothing.This increases the final accuracy of the chamfer after a subsequent hardening and a hard fine machining by already taking into account in advance how the transition line changes in its course due to the hard fine machining. The settings made are preferably effected in such a way that the transition line is parallel to the front edge surface in the final geometry after the hard fine machining. The workpiece-bound profiling of the chamfering tool can be determined, for example, by back-transformation of a predefined transition line (after chamfering) for a given axis kinematics.In a further preferred embodiment, it is provided that chamfering is still carried out in the presence of a cooling and / or lubricating liquid originating from the tooth machining by the tooth machining tool. This is preferably a semi-wet machining in the sense that although no additional lubricant / fluid is used during chamfering, cooling and / or lubricating fluid from the previous toothing machining still wets the workpiece.In a further preferred embodiment, provision is made for burrs produced by chamfering to be removed with an additional burr removal device, in particular a brush. Such secondary burrs can arise in particular in the case of helical workpieces with a larger taper angle, and in combination with the aforementioned preferred uniform cutting direction component parallel to the workpiece axis during chamfering, a burr-free chamfered workpiece can be provided in particular only by a brush acting in the region of the end face.In a further preferred embodiment, it is provided that the control device controls chamfering to generate a course of the transition line between chamfer and flank that differs from parallelism to the end face. The deviating course is preferably controlled in such a way that, as explained above, parallelism again results after the hard fine machining. This aspect of the invention is also considered advantageous and sensitive regardless of the course of the feed movement.The invention thus also relates to a method for tooth machining, in which a tooth system is produced or machined on a tooth system machine controlled by a control device on a workpiece clamped on a workpiece spindle arranged at a first machine point by a tooth system tool rotationally driven on a first tool spindle and a tooth system is subsequently produced in the same workpiece clamping or in a clamping of the machined toothed workpiece on a workpiece spindle arranged at a second machine point with synchronized rotation of the workpiece and a workpiece-bound chamfering tool rotationally driven by a second tool spindle and a chamfer is produced on a tooth end edge of a tooth flank of the workpiece tooth system with a cutting edge of the chamfering tool under a feed movement between the chamfering tool and the workpiece, wherein, during chamfering, an axial distance between the axes of rotation of the workpiece and chamfering tool is not greater than half a pitch of the workpiece toothing, the axial cross angle between the tool axis of rotation and the workpiece axis of rotation and / or the axial cross angle between the tool axis of rotation and a surface normal of the end face of the workpiece adjoining the machined tooth end edge deviates from 90° by not more than 12°, preferably not more than 8°, in particular not more than 4°, in particular the cutting edge in each case has a greater directional component in the direction of the axis of rotation in its portion chamfering in the region of the tooth tips of the workpiece toothing than in the rotational plane orthogonal thereto, wherein the control device controls the chamfering in order to generate a course of the transition line between the chamfer and the flank deviating from parallelism to the end face.In one possible embodiment, it is provided that the axis crossing angle can be adjusted in a changeable manner, in particular via a rotational axis, in particular NC-controlled.In a further expedient embodiment, it is provided that the second and the third tool spindle are supported by a common carrier which in particular has at least two degrees of freedom of movement.The chamfering described above is applicable to external teeth. However, it is also provided for chamfering internal teeth. For this purpose, a spindle head with an angle gear is preferably provided for the chamfering tool.With regard to apparatus, this object is achieved by an arrangement for tooth machining, with which a tooth system is produced or machined on a tooth system machine controlled by a control device on a workpiece clamped on a workpiece spindle arranged at a first machine point by a tooth system tool rotationally driven on a first tool spindle and subsequently a tooth system is produced in the same workpiece clamping or in a clamping of the machined toothed workpiece on a workpiece spindle arranged at a second machine point with synchronized rotation of workpiece and a workpiece-bound chamfering tool rotationally driven by a second tool spindle and a chamfer is produced on a tooth end edge of a tooth flank of the workpiece tooth system with a cutting edge of the chamfering tool under a feed movement between chamfering tool and workpiece, wherein, during chamfering, an axial distance between the axes of rotation of the workpiece and chamfering tool is not greater than half a pitch of the workpiece toothing, the axial cross angle between the tool axis of rotation and the workpiece axis of rotation and / or the axial cross angle between the tool axis of rotation and a surface normal of the end face of the workpiece adjoining the machined tooth end edge deviates from 90° by not more than 12°, preferably not more than 8°, in particular not more than 4°, the predominant directional component of the feed movement extends in the direction of the tool axis of rotation and in particular the cutting edge has a greater directional component in the direction of the axis of rotation in any case in its portion chamfering in the region at half the tooth height of the workpiece toothing than in the plane of rotation orthogonal thereto.As already described above with reference to the method according to the invention, the arrangement can be designed such that the other end edge than the tooth end edge of the same tooth gap chamfered with the chamfering tool is chamfered with an additional chamfering tool which is rotationally driven by a third tool spindle. This variant can also be realized independently of whether one or which directional component of the feed movement predominates.It can likewise be provided that the control device for chamfering is the same control device that also controls the tooth machining with the tooth machining tool. This variant can also be realized independently of whether one or which directional component of the feed movement predominates.In a likewise preferred embodiment, it is provided that the control device is designed / programmed to control chamfering in order to generate a course of the transition line between chamfer and flank that differs from parallelism to the end face. This variant can also be realized independently of whether one or which directional component of the feed movement predominates.A gear cutting machine used to carry out the method preferably also carries out main gear cutting on the gear cutting machine itself, and a transfer to a chamfering region of the gear cutting machine is preferably carried out via a loading system such as a gantry loader, as described in more detail elsewhere. The advantages of a gear cutting machine according to the invention are evident from the above description of the method according to the invention.The number of cutting edges on the chamfering tool is preferably not greater than four, in particular only two or only one. The working diameter of the chamfering tool, which is related to the pitch circle, is preferably between one and four pitches of the toothing to be chamfered.Further features, details and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following description with reference to the attached figures, of which FIG. 1 schematically shows a gear cutting machine, FIG. 2 shows schematically in a plan view a chamfer region of the gear cutting machine from FIG. 1, FIGS. 3A and 3B illustrate advancing movements, FIG. 4 is a perspective view illustrating a chamfering machining engagement; and FIG. 5 illustrates purely schematically an internal toothing chamfer.In the embodiment now explained with reference to FIG. 1, a gear cutting machine 500 in the form of a horizontal machine is schematically shown. Schematically indicated in FIG. 1 is a workpiece spindle rotational axis C on the side of a main machining station 50, and a workpiece spindle rotational axis C 2 on the side of a chamfering station 100. Both stations 50, 100 belong to the gear cutting machine 500, symbolized in FIG. 1 by a common frame 200, which may also be designed, for example, as a common machine bed, and a transfer system 80, which is only schematically indicated in FIG. 1 and is capable of picking up a workpiece from the main workpiece spindle defining the (main) workpiece spindle axis C and transferring it to the workpiece spindle 10 associated with the (chamfering) workpiece spindle axis C 2. The transfer thus takes place within the gear cutting machine 500, the two workpiece spindle axes C and C 2 run parallel and horizontal, preferably coaxial. Between the main processing station 50 and the chamfering station 100, a partition wall 75 may be provided. On the main machining station 50, a tool head, not shown, with corresponding travel options for tooth machining is also provided; in the present case, the main machining station 50 is designed for gear-cutting machining; however, the invention is not limited thereto; for example, gear-cutting machining or gear-cutting could also be carried out.FIG. 2 shows the chamfering station or chamfering region 100 of the gear cutting machine 500 in a possible embodiment. On the workpiece side, the workpiece spindle 10 with the workpiece spindle axis C 2 which runs in the Z direction can be seen here horizontally. A tailstock 11 can be used opposite the workpiece spindle 10, preferably when wave-shaped workpieces are to be machined.A linear guide for a tool slide 7, symbolized by two rails 8, runs parallel to the axis Z. Two tool heads 21, 22 are arranged on the slide 7, which can be moved axially with respect to the linear slide 7 via a respective further linear guide, along (radial) axis X, with linear displacement axes X 1 and X 2. The linear guides are again symbolized by rails 81, 82. The chamfering tool rotation axes are denoted by B 1 and B 2 in FIG. 2, the chamfering tools by 1 and 2, and in this embodiment, the linear axis(s) X (X 1, X 2) is / are also provided horizontally, thus the illustration of FIG. 2 corresponds to a view from above. Between the chamfering tools 1 and 2 there is also provided a single-center sensor 3, here with a pneumatic drive, not shown. With the center sensor 3, the position of the tooth gaps of a toothing to be chamfered can be determined in a manner well known to the person skilled in the art.Also drawn in FIG. 2 is a vertical axis Y, which forms a right-angled tripod with the linear axes Z and X. In the embodiment shown here, the height level of the spindle axes C 2, B 1 and B 2 is provided at the same height, and a further movement axis in the Y direction is not present. In other embodiments, however, a vertical slide could also be provided, via which the arrangement 7, 8 can be moved vertically.In this embodiment, according to a preferred embodiment, the workpiece spindle axis C 2 is horizontal, as already explained, but in principle a vertical machine could also be provided. In this case, the linear mobility X would nevertheless be usable as a radial movement to a toothing system clamped on the workpiece spindle 10.In the variant explained with reference to FIG. 2, the first chamfering tool 1 serves for chamfering the tooth end edge (in particular also in the tooth root region) on one tooth flank, for example the left tooth flank, and the other chamfering tool 2 serves for chamfering on the other tooth flank, for example the right tooth flank. The direction of rotation of the spindle axes B 1 and B 2 is preferably controlled in the opposite direction, with a control symbolized in FIG. 2 by the reference symbol 99. In addition, the adjustment of the direction of rotation takes place in such a way that cutting is carried out outwards from the inside away from the axial tooth center at the tooth edge to be chamfered, in order not to produce any tooth flank-side burrs.All spindle arrangements known to the person skilled in the art can be used as drive spindles for this purpose, for example a high-frequency spindle, and the interface of chamfering tool and spindle can be designed as an HSK interface. The two-rail linear guide is likewise only shown as an exemplary embodiment; specifically, only one rail could also be provided, for example in the form of a dovetail, on which a shoe shaped to fit it slides. The internal gear-cutting-machine transfer system 80 shown in FIG. 1 transfers a workpiece gear-cut on the main station (main machining area) 50 to the workpiece spindle 10 of the chamfering area 100 of the gear-cutting machine 500 without changing the axis orientation of the workpiece during transport.With reference to FIGS. 3A, B, a feed movement during chamfering is made clear. Thus, in one operating mode, the controller 99 is designed to control the feed movement purely radially, and the chamfering tool reduces the radial distance to the toothing to be chamfered during the machining from a radial position to a radial position B.In the operating mode illustrated in FIG. 3B, the control device 99 is designed to carry out the feed movement by superposition of a radial movement X and an axial movement Z, wherein the radial movement component predominates.In both cases, by adjusting the feed movement, chamfering processing is also possible close to interfering contours, symbolized by a star in FIG. 3. If necessary, a purely axial feed movement can also be considered, in particular if no disturbing contours are to be observed, or even a superimposed feed movement with a predominant axial component. At least one of these feed motion concepts is stored in the controller 99 and can be used.FIG. 4 again shows the machining engagement of the chamfering tool 1 in a perspective view. In this embodiment, the workpiece rotational axis C 2 and the tool rotational axis B 1 are at an axis crossing angle of 90°, due to their parallelism with the axes Z and X which are perpendicular to one another. In addition, in the embodiment shown, the axial distance of the rotational axes is 0, i.e. the extension of the rotational axis B 1 intersects the extension of the rotational axis C 2. In other embodiments, a small axial distance and / or a small deviation of the axis cross angle of 90° can also be provided. In the variant shown, the end face 6 of the toothing 4 runs orthogonally to the workpiece rotational axis C 2. In cases of inclined end faces, it can also be provided that instead of the orthogonality of the tool axis of rotation to the axis Z, an orthogonality to the surface normal of an inclined end face is provided. For adjusting the cross-axis angle, a tool head ( 20, 21, 22) could have an additional axis of rotation (not shown in FIG. 2 ).Workpiece rotational axis C 2 and tool rotational axis B 1 are synchronously controlled by the controller 99, so that a cutting edge 15 of the chamfering tool 1 comes into cutting machining engagement with the tooth edge 5 of the workpiece toothing 4 and generates a chamfer there. The position of the cutting edge 15 is designed to be workpiece-bound in such a way that in the final machining position of the completed feed movement on the toothing, a predefined chamfer shape of the chamfer now formed instead of the tooth end edge 5 is achieved.In this case, the transition line between tooth flank and chamfer can preferably not yet be formed to a desired parallelism to the end face 6, for example, but deviating therefrom in such a way that such a parallel transition line is only produced after subsequent hard finishing to the final final dimension of the workpiece toothing 5.For the variant explained with reference to FIG. 2, the chamfering tools 1 and 2 are formed in such a way that only one tooth edge 5, but not the opposite tooth edge of the tooth gap, is chamfered. In another embodiment, however, a chamfering tool (with tool axis of rotation B) could also machine both tooth edges. Then, the "double chamfering tool configuration" shown in FIG. 2 no longer needed, and only one chamfering tool head ( 20) having a tool rotation axis (B) needed.Insofar as secondary burrs are still produced by chamfering, for example on the end face 6, these could be removed by a deburring unit, not shown in the figures, for example a brush or brush arrangement.The controller 99 controls the entire gear cutting machine 500, i.e. the main machining area 50 as well as the chamfering area 100. Changes in the machine axis settings in the main machining 50 can thus be checked internally in the control system as to whether correction requirements for the chamfering machining result and, if appropriate, make correction settings for the chamfering method internally in the control system and automatically. In principle, however, it can also be provided to carry out the chamfering described above on a separate chamfering station.The chamfering technique described above has been described by way of example for external teeth to be chamfered, but it is also suitable for chamfering internally toothed workpieces (FIG. 5 ). For this purpose, a tool head / chamfering tool, viewed in projection onto the workpiece rotational axis, would penetrate into the space bounded by the contour of the internal toothing, for example by a corresponding protrusion of the spindle head, which is preferably configured with an angle gear. The axes of motion, duplicated as shown in Figure 2 or just single for a chamfering tool, could be maintained.The invention is not limited to the details and embodiments described in the above description of the figures. Rather, the individual features of the preceding description and of the claims which follow, individually or in combination, may be essential for the realisation of the invention in its various embodiments.References included in the specificationThis list of documents cited by the applicant has been produced in an automated manner and is only included for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent application or utility model application. The DPMA does not take any adhesion for any faults or omissions.Patent Literature citedEP 1 279 127 A1

[0004] DE 10 2009 018 405 A1

[0004] DE 10 2009 019 433 A1

[0005] DE 10 2013 012 797 A1 [0006, 0009]DE 10 2013 015 240 A1

[0007] DE 10 2018 001 477

[0007] DE 10 2013 015 250 A1

[0008] DE 10 2014 218 082 A1

[0009] DE 10 2018 108 632 A1

[0010] WO 2019 / 017248 A1

[0011] EP 1 495 824 A2

[0012] Cited Non-Patent LiteratureAdvances in Manufacturing Engineering and Materials, pp. 18-26

[0006] T. Bausch, "Innovative Gear Manufacturing", Expert-Verlag, 3rd Edition, at page 323

[0008]

Claims

controlling device of a gear cutting machine (500) configured and programmed to control the gear cutting machine to execute a method for gear cutting, wherein, on the gear cutting machine (500) controlled by the control device, a gear cutting is produced or machined on a workpiece clamped on a workpiece spindle arranged at a first machine point by a gear cutting tool rotationally driven on a first tool spindle and, subsequently, in the same workpiece clamping or in a clamping of the machined gear cutting workpiece on a workpiece spindle (10) arranged at a second machine point, a gear cutting is produced on a tooth front edge (5) of a tooth flank of the workpiece gear cutting while synchronized rotation of the workpiece and a workpiece-bound chamfering tool (1) rotationally driven by a second tool spindle and, under a feed movement (V) between the chamfering tool and the workpiece, a gear cutting is produced on a tooth front edge (5) of a tooth flank of the workpiece gear cutting with a cutting edge (15) of the chamfering tool, wherein, during chamfering, the axial distance between the axes of rotation of the workpiece and chamfering tool is not greater than half a pitch of the workpiece toothing, the axial cross angle between the tool axis of rotation and the workpiece axis of rotation and / or the axial cross angle between the tool axis of rotation and a surface normal of the end face (6) of the workpiece adjoining the machined tooth end edge deviates from 90° by not more than 12°, preferably not more than 8°, in particular not more than 4°, in particular the cutting edge in any case has a greater directional component in the direction of the axis of rotation of the chamfering tool in its portion chamfering in the region at half the tooth height of the workpiece toothing than in the plane of rotation orthogonal thereto, and wherein the chamfering is controlled with the same control device as the toothing machining with the toothing machining tool.The control device according to claim 1, further configured and programmed to control the method such that, when chamfering with the chamfering tool, the workpiece-axis-parallel directional component of the cutting speed is directed away from the axial center of the workpiece toothing.A controller according to claim 1 or 2, already internally provided with the control parameters of the previous gear generation or machining including any changes in setting made within a batch.Control device according to one of the preceding claims, which is further designed and programmed to check changes in the machine axis settings during the internal gear machining carried out as main machining in terms of control whether correction requirements for the chamfering machining result and optionally to carry out correction settings for the chamfering method in an in-control and automated manner.Control device according to one of the preceding claims, which is further designed and programmed to control the method such that at least one control parameter of the chamfering flows into the chamfering as a function of a change in a control parameter of the gear machining using the gear machining tool.Control device according to Claim 5, which is further designed and programmed to control the method such that the control parameter influences the course of the transition line between the tooth flank and the chamfer during chamfering, taking into account an allowance to be removed in a later hard fine machining compared to an end geometry of the workpiece toothing.Control device according to one of the preceding claims, which is further designed and programmed to control the method such that chamfering is still carried out in the presence of a cooling and / or lubricating liquid originating from the gear machining by the gear machining tool, in particular without using additional lubricant / fluid during chamfering.Control device according to one of the preceding claims, which is further designed and programmed to control the method such that burrs produced by chamfering are removed with an additional burr removal device, in particular a brush.Control device according to one of the preceding claims, which controls chamfering in order to generate a course of the transition line between chamfer and flank which differs from parallelism with the end face.Control device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the axle crossing angle can be adjusted in a changeable manner, in particular via a rotational axis, in particular NC-controlled.Control device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the chamfered workpiece toothing is an external toothing.Control device according to one of Claims 1 to 10, wherein the chamfered workpiece toothing is an internal toothing.Control device according to claim 12, wherein the chamfering tool / a tool head with the chamfering tool penetrates into the space bounded by the contour of the internal toothing, as viewed in projection onto the workpiece rotational axis.Control device according to claim 13, wherein the penetration into the space bounded by the contour of the internal toothing is effected by a corresponding protrusion of the spindle head.Control device according to one of claims 12 to 14, wherein a spindle head with an angle gear is provided for the chamfering tool.Control device according to one of the preceding claims, in which at least one of the feed motion concepts i) the feed motion is purely radially controlled, the chamfering tool reduces only the radial distance to the toothing ii to be chamfered) during chamfering processing, the predominant directional component of the feed motion runs in the direction of the tool rotational axis, the radial motion component predominates in the case of superposition of a radial motion X and an axial motion Z iii), a superposition feed motion consisting of a radial motion X and an axial motion Z with predominant axial component iv), a purely axial feed motion is stored and can be used.Arrangement for tooth machining, with which a tooth system is produced or machined on a tooth machine controlled by a control device on a workpiece clamped on a workpiece spindle arranged at a first machine point by a tooth system tool rotationally driven on a first tool spindle and a tooth system is subsequently produced or machined in the same workpiece clamping or in a clamping of the machined toothed workpiece on a workpiece spindle arranged at a second machine point with synchronized rotation of the workpiece and a workpiece-bound chamfering tool rotationally driven by a second tool spindle and a chamfer is produced on a tooth front edge of a tooth flank of the workpiece tooth system cutting with a cutting edge of the chamfering tool under a feed movement between the chamfering tool and workpiece, wherein during chamfering an axial distance between the axes of rotation of the workpiece and chamfering tool is not greater than half a pitch of the workpiece tooth system, the axis cross angle between the tool rotation axis and the workpiece rotation axis and / or the axis cross angle between the tool rotation axis and a surface normal of the end face of the workpiece adjoining the machined tooth end edge deviates from 90° by not more than 12°, preferably not more than 8°, in particular not more than 4°, in particular the cutting edge in any case has a greater directional component in the direction of the rotation axis of the chamfering tool in its portion chamfering in the region at half the tooth height of the workpiece toothing than in the rotation plane orthogonal thereto, and wherein the chamfering is controlled with the same control device as the toothing machining with the toothing machining tool.An arrangement according to claim 17, the control device of which is further designed and programmed according to any one of claims 2 to 16.Gear cutting machine having a workpiece spindle arranged at a first machine point and a first tool spindle for rotationally driving a gear cutting tool for generating or machining a gear cutting on a workpiece clamped on the workpiece spindle, and having an arrangement according to Claim 17 or 18.Gear cutting machine on which, controlled by its control device, an internal toothing is produced on a workpiece clamped on a workpiece spindle of the gear cutting machine by a gear cutting tool rotationally driven on a first tool spindle, in particular by a gear-cutting machining operation, and subsequently in the same workpiece clamping operation, with synchronized rotation of the workpiece and a workpiece-bound chamfering tool provided on a spindle head preferably configured with an angle gear and rotationally driven by a second tool spindle, and also with a feed movement between chamfering tool and workpiece, cutting with a cutting edge of the chamfering tool, a chamfer is produced on a tooth end edge of a tooth flank of the workpiece toothing, wherein during chamfering an axial distance between the axes of rotation of workpiece and chamfering tool is not greater than half a pitch of the workpiece toothing, the axis cross angle between the tool rotation axis and the workpiece rotation axis deviates from 90° by not more than 12°, preferably not more than 8°, in particular not more than 4°, the cutting edge in any case has a greater directional component in the direction of the rotation axis of the chamfering tool in its portion chamfering in the region at half the tooth height of the workpiece toothing than in the rotation plane orthogonal thereto, wherein chamfering is controlled by the same control device as the toothing processing with the toothing processing tool, and wherein the spindle head with the chamfering tool penetrates into the space bounded by the contour of the internal toothing as seen in projection onto the workpiece rotation axis by a protrusion of the spindle head.

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