Floating fence device for offshore wind farms

Abstract

Floating fence device for offshore wind farms, characterized in that it comprises: a first fence layer (1) arranged on a wind turbine (41) at the periphery of the wind farm; wherein the first fence layer (1) comprises a plurality of segments of a first connecting device (11), and wherein each segment of the first connecting device (11) connects two adjacent turbine sites; and wherein the first connecting device (11) is intended to prevent floating objects from penetrating the interior of the wind farm.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of offshore wind farms, in particular to a floating fence device for offshore wind farms. STATE OF THE ART

[0002] In recent years, offshore wind energy in China has been developing rapidly, and newly installed capacity is constantly making breakthroughs. A large number of wind farms have been or are being planned in areas with rich coastal wind resources. China's ports are busy with cargo traffic, and a large number of ships sail near wind farms every day. The weather and wave conditions at sea are complex and variable. Once a ship malfunctions or is out of control, it is likely to enter the nearby offshore wind farms, impact the wind turbine, and damage it, or even collapse, causing other serious accidents. In addition, there are also large floating objects in the sea in a drifting state. These floating objects are completely free to drift on the sea under the action of ocean currents, and it is also possible that these objects may collide with the offshore wind turbine.

[0003] Currently, some developers have proposed the concept of electronic fences. They install signal lines along the perimeter of the wind farm, and an alert is issued when a vessel is detected nearby. However, the electronic fence is only suitable for manually controlled vessels. For drifting vessels that are out of control or unmanned due to weather or engine failure, as well as other large floating objects floating freely at sea, the electronic fence is ineffective, and they can enter the interior of the wind farm, posing a major safety risk. CONTENT OF THIS APPLICATION

[0004] The present application aims to provide a floating fence device for offshore wind farms to solve the prior art problem that floating objects at sea can easily penetrate into the wind farm, resulting in safety accidents.

[0005] A floating fence device for offshore wind farms, which can be used or is used for an offshore wind farm, comprising a first fence layer arranged on a wind turbine at the periphery of the wind farm; wherein the first fence layer comprises a plurality of segments of a first connecting device, and wherein each segment of the first connecting device connects two adjacent turbine sites; and wherein the first connecting device is used or is intended to prevent floating objects from entering the interior of the wind farm.

[0006] Through the technical measure described above, a first layer of fencing is arranged at the periphery of the wind farm, with the first connecting device connected between the outermost turbine locations of the wind farm, which is capable of intercepting floating objects at sea outside the wind farm and preventing them from entering the interior of the wind farm to avoid collision with the turbines inside the wind farm, thus ensuring the safety of the facilities within the wind farm.

[0007] Optionally, the length of the first connecting device is greater than the straight-line distance between two adjacent, connected plant locations.

[0008] Through the technical measure described above, the two ends of the second connecting device are respectively connected to the two floating platforms, the middle part of the second connecting device is shaped into a certain degree of arc, and can undergo a certain degree of vibration or deformation in response to the fluctuations of the waves, so as to play a buffer role and absorb part of the energy of wind and waves, which helps to improve the overall shock resistance of the fence.

[0009] Optionally, a first inlet and outlet is provided at the first fence layer, wherein the first connecting device is not provided between two of the plant locations corresponding to the first inlet and outlet.

[0010] The technical measure described above provides for the first inlet and outlet at the first fence layer, allowing operation and maintenance vessels to enter and exit the wind farm through the first inlet and outlet, in particular to facilitate the inspection and maintenance of the wind farm's internal installations.

[0011] Optionally, the first inlet and outlet is provided on a side of the wind farm facing the seashore.

[0012] The technical measure described above provides for the first inlet and outlet on a side of the wind farm facing the seashore, so that the distance required for operation and maintenance vessels to enter and exit the wind farm can be shortened, thereby reducing operation and maintenance costs.

[0013] Optionally, the floating fence device further comprises a second fence layer, wherein the second fence layer is located on the outside of the first fence layer, and wherein the second fence layer is provided on a side of the wind farm facing away from the seashore. The second fence layer comprises a plurality of floating platforms and a plurality of segments of the second connecting device; wherein the plurality of floating platforms are spaced apart from one another, and wherein the floating platforms are connected to the seabed, and wherein each segment of the second connecting device is connected to two adjacent floating platforms.

[0014] The technical measure described above allows for the second fence layer to be positioned, which can further improve the protective effect on the wind farm. The floating platforms can limit the relative position of the second fence layer to the wind farm, with each segment of the second connecting device connecting two adjacent floating platforms capable of intercepting floating objects outside the wind farm and preventing them from entering the wind farm and colliding with the turbines.

[0015] Optionally, the second layer of fencing is planned on a side of the wind farm facing away from the seashore.

[0016] The technical measure described above provides for a second layer of fencing on the side of the wind farm facing away from the seashore. For offshore wind farms located near the coast, this configuration provides increased protection for the wind farm, which is particularly vulnerable to collisions between floating objects.

[0017] Optionally, the second fence layer is provided along the circumferential direction of the wind farm.

[0018] Thanks to the technical measure described above, the second fence layer is designed to surround the wind farm along its perimeter. For wind farms located in offshore areas or with heavy shipping traffic, this arrangement provides a barrier against floating objects on all sides, further increasing the level of protection and significantly improving the operational reliability of the wind farm.

[0019] Optionally, a second inlet and outlet is provided on the second fence layer, wherein the second connecting device is not provided between two of the floating platforms corresponding to the second inlet and outlet.

[0020] The technical measure described above provides for the second inlet and outlet at the first layer of the fence, allowing operation and maintenance vessels to enter and exit the wind farm, in particular to facilitate the inspection and maintenance of the wind farm's internal installations.

[0021] Optionally, the position of the second inlet and outlet is set to match the position of the first inlet and outlet.

[0022] Through the technical measure described above, the position of the second inlet and outlet is adjusted to correspond to the position of the first inlet and outlet, so that the travel distance of the operation and maintenance vessels for entering and leaving the wind farm can be shortened, thereby reducing operation and maintenance costs.

[0023] Optionally, the length of the second connecting device is greater than the straight-line distance between two adjacent floating platforms connected to it.

[0024] Through the technical measure described above, the two ends of the second connecting device are respectively connected to the two floating platforms, the middle part of the second connecting device is shaped into a certain degree of arc, and can undergo a certain degree of vibration or deformation in response to the fluctuations of the waves, so as to play a buffer role and absorb part of the energy of wind and waves, which helps to improve the overall shock resistance of the fence.

[0025] Optionally, each of the first connecting device and the second connecting device comprises a cable and a plurality of floats, wherein the cable comprises a submarine cable, and wherein the plurality of floats are spaced apart on the cable.

[0026] Through the technical measure described above, the cable can connect two adjacent facility sites or two adjacent floating platforms to block the floating objects; the floats can provide the cable with a certain buoyancy, allowing the cable to float on the sea surface.

[0027] Optionally, the outer surface of the float can be coated with a warning marking. The technical measure described above allows the outer surface of the float to be coated with a warning marking, which can conveniently remind the driver of a passing vessel to pay attention and avoid accidentally entering the wind farm.

[0028] Optionally, a strain sensor is installed in the cable and connected to the cable, the cable being connected to a central control center of the wind farm; and the strain sensor being provided or used to acquire the strain data of the cable, and the cable being provided or used to transmit the strain data to the central control center of the wind farm.

[0029] Through the technical measure described above, the strain sensor and the wind farm's central control center enable real-time monitoring of cable loads in order to detect the extent of collisions and initiate countermeasures in a timely manner.

[0030] Optionally, the floating platform comprises a floating body, a mooring chain, and an anchor pile; wherein the anchor pile is fixed to the seabed, and wherein the floating body is connected to the anchor pile by a plurality of mooring chains; and wherein the floating body is provided with a bollard hole, and wherein the floating body is connected to the cable through the bollard hole.

[0031] Through the technical measure described above, the floating platform can assume a relatively fixed position at sea under the arrangement of floating body, mooring chains and anchor piles, which ensures that under most wind and wave conditions the floating platform does not move significantly to ensure its stability.

[0032] Optionally, the floating platform further comprises a communication antenna and a sensor and data storage module arranged on the floating body; wherein the sensor and data storage module is connected to the communication antenna, and wherein the communication antenna is connected to the central control center of the wind farm, and wherein the sensor and data storage module is provided or used to acquire wind speed and wave data, and wherein the communication antenna is provided or used to receive the wind speed and wave data and transmit it to the central control center of the wind farm.

[0033] Through the technical measure described above, the wind and wave conditions at sea can be monitored in real time, and thus protective measures can be taken in advance to ensure the effectiveness of intercepting the floating objects and extend the service life of the fence. Advantages:

[0034] The floating fence device for offshore wind farms according to the present application is used for the offshore wind farm and comprises a first fence layer arranged on a wind turbine at the periphery of the wind farm; wherein the first fence layer comprises a plurality of segments of a first connecting device, and wherein each segment of the first connecting device connects two adjacent turbine sites; and wherein the first connecting device is intended or used to prevent floating objects from penetrating the interior of the wind farm.In the present application, a first layer of fence is arranged on the periphery of the wind farm, and the first connecting device is connected between the outermost equipment positions of the wind farm, which is capable of intercepting uncontrollable floating objects on the sea outside the wind farm and preventing them from entering the interior of the wind farm, so as to effectively avoid the collision of large floating objects with the equipment inside the wind farm, and the structure is simple, thereby ensuring the safety of the facilities inside the wind farm on the basis of cost savings. SHORT DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING

[0035] In order to more clearly explain the technical solution in the embodiments of the present application, the accompanying drawings to be used in the explanation of the embodiments of the present application are briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings depicted below illustrate some embodiments of the present application. Those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on the accompanying drawings, provided that no creative work is performed. Fig. 1 shows a schematic diagram of the structure of a floating fence device for offshore wind farms provided by a first embodiment of the present disclosure; Fig. 2 shows a schematic diagram of the structure of a floating platform provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure; Fig. 3 shows a schematic diagram of the structure of a floating fence device for offshore wind farms provided by a second embodiment of the present disclosure. List of reference symbols 1 First fence layer 11 First connecting device 12 First inlet and outlet 2 Second fence layer 21 Floating Platform 211 Floating Body 212 Bollard Hole 213 Anchoring chain 214 anchor pile 215 Communication antenna 216 Sensor and data storage module 22 Second connecting device 23 Second inlet and outlet 31 cables 32 swimmers 41 wind turbines on the periphery of the wind farm 42 wind turbines within the wind farm 51 Seashore 52 Seabed DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] Below, the technical solution of the present application is described clearly and completely with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of this application. It is understood that the described embodiments represent only a portion of the embodiments of this application and do not cover all possible implementations. All other embodiments that can be derived from the embodiments of this application by those skilled in the art without inventive activity fall within the scope of this application.

[0037] In related technologies, offshore wind energy in China has been developing rapidly in recent years, and newly installed capacity is constantly making breakthroughs. A large number of wind farms have been or are being planned in areas with rich coastal wind resources. China's ports are busy with cargo traffic, and a large number of ships sail near wind farms every day. The weather and wave conditions at sea are complex and variable. Once a ship malfunctions or is out of control, it is likely to enter the nearby offshore wind farms, collide with the wind turbine, and damage it, or even collapse, causing other serious accidents. In addition, there are also large floating objects in the sea in a drifting state. These floating objects are completely free-floating under the action of ocean currents, and it is also possible that these objects may collide with the offshore wind turbine.

[0038] Currently, the vast majority of Chinese offshore wind farms are not equipped with barriers, and some developers have proposed the concept of electronic fences. Signal lines are installed along the perimeter of the wind farm, and an alert is issued when a vessel is detected nearby. However, the electronic fence is only suitable for manually controlled vessels. For drifting vessels that are out of control or unmanned due to weather or engine failure, as well as other large floating objects floating freely at sea, the electronic fence is ineffective, and they may enter the interior of the wind farm, posing a major safety risk.

[0039] In view of this, the embodiments of the present disclosure provide a floating fence device for offshore wind farms. Example 1

[0040] A floating fence device for offshore wind farms, used for an offshore wind farm and comprising a first fence layer 1 arranged on a wind turbine 41 at the periphery of the wind farm; wherein the first fence layer 1 comprises a plurality of segments of a first connecting device 11, and wherein each segment of the first connecting device 11 connects two adjacent turbine sites; and wherein the first connecting device 11 is intended or used to prevent floating objects from entering the interior of the wind farm.

[0041] In particular with reference to Fig. 1 is in Fig. 1 shows a structure of a floating fence for a wind farm in a coastal area, comprising the first fence layer 1 arranged around the outer perimeter of the wind farm, wherein the wind farm has a plurality of wind turbines distributed in an array, and wherein the first fence layer 1 comprises a plurality of segments of a first connecting device 11, and wherein the first connecting device 11 is connected between two outermost adjacent turbine locations of the wind farm, which is capable of forming a fence at the periphery of the wind farm, so that if an out-of-control vessel or a free-floating object is located near the wind farm, the first connecting device 11 is capable of intercepting it and preventing it from entering the interior of the wind farm,thereby effectively preventing collisions between various uncontrollable floating objects at sea and the facilities within the wind farm and ensuring the safety of the facilities within the wind farm.

[0042] Optionally, the length of the first connecting device 11 is greater than the straight-line distance between two adjacent, connected system locations.

[0043] In particular, since it is necessary to cope with the continuous strong impact of wind and waves on the sea, the length of each segment of the first connecting device 11 is preferably set to be greater than the straight-line distance between two adjacent installation sites connected thereto, so that when the two ends of the first connecting device 11 are respectively connected to the two installation sites, the middle part of the first connecting device 11 is shaped into a certain degree of arc and can undergo a certain degree of vibration or deformation in response to the fluctuations of the waves to play a buffer role and absorb part of the energy of wind and waves, which contributes to improving the overall shock resistance of the fence.

[0044] In practice, the length of each segment of the first connecting device 11 should not be too long, as excessive length may reduce the barrier effect on floating objects and also result in material waste, increasing construction costs. Preferably, the length of the first connecting device 11 is greater than 3%-5% of the straight-line distance between two adjacent turbine locations, thus ensuring wind and wave resistance and a barrier effect on floating objects.

[0045] Optionally, a first inlet and outlet 12 is provided on the first fence layer 1, wherein the first connecting device 11 is not provided between two of the plant locations corresponding to the first inlet and outlet 12.

[0046] In particular, in order to facilitate the inspection and maintenance of the internal facilities of the wind farm by the operation and maintenance vessels of the wind farm, the first inlet and outlet 12 is provided at the first fence layer 1, and the first connection device 11 is not provided between two of the facility locations corresponding to the first inlet and outlet 12, so that the operation and maintenance vessels can enter and exit the wind farm through the first inlet and outlet 12.

[0047] Optionally, the first inlet and outlet 12 is provided on a side of the wind farm facing the sea shore 51.

[0048] As in Fig. 1, in the present embodiment, the first inlet and outlet 12 is provided on a side of the wind farm facing the sea shore 51, so that the travel distance of the operation and maintenance vessels for entering and leaving the wind farm can be shortened, thereby reducing the operation and maintenance costs.

[0049] Since the peripheral turbines of the wind farm are not protected by the fence in the first fence layer 1, additional guard rails can be installed on their foundation platforms to improve their safety.

[0050] Optionally, the floating fence device further comprises a second fence layer 2, wherein the second fence layer 2 is located on the outside of the first fence layer 1, and wherein the second fence layer 2 is provided on a side of the wind farm facing away from the sea shore 51.

[0051] Particularly in a wind farm located in a coastal area, the risk of the wind farm being hit by an out-of-control ship or a large floating object is greater on a side of the wind farm facing away from the seashore 51, which is why in the present embodiment, a second fence layer 2 is further provided on a side of the wind farm facing away from the seashore 51, and the second fence layer 2 is arranged on the outside of the first fence layer 1, which can further improve the protective effect on the wind farm.

[0052] Optionally, the second fence layer 2 comprises a plurality of floating platforms 21 and a plurality of segments of the second connecting device 22; wherein the plurality of floating platforms 21 are spaced apart from one another, and wherein the floating platforms 21 are connected to the seabed 52, and wherein each segment of the second

[0053] Connecting device 22 is connected to two adjacent floating platforms 21.

[0054] Referring to Fig. 1, the second fence layer 2 comprises a plurality of floating platforms 21 and a plurality of segments of the second connecting device 22, wherein the floating platforms 21 are connected to the seabed 52 to limit the relative position of the second fence layer 2 to the wind farm, and wherein the plurality of floating platforms 21 are spaced from one another on a side of the wind farm facing away from the seashore 51; wherein each segment of the second connecting device 22 is connected between two adjacent floating platforms 21 capable of intercepting floating objects outside the wind farm and preventing them from entering the wind farm and impacting the turbines.

[0055] In practice, the number and spacing of the floating platforms 21 should be reasonably set according to the protection requirements. The spacing between two adjacent floating platforms 21 should not be set too large, because too large a spacing may reduce the overall structural strength of the fence and also increase the length of each segment of the second connecting device 22, which will impair the barrier effect on floating objects. At the same time, the spacing of the floating platforms 21 should not be set too small, because too small a spacing will require an increase in the number of floating platforms 21, resulting in an increase in construction costs. Preferably, in the present embodiment, the spacing between two adjacent floating platforms 21 is set to 5 km-8 km, which can ensure a good protection effect and also save construction costs.

[0056] Referring to Fig. 1, in order to further reduce the construction cost, the second connecting device 22 at the end portion of the second fence layer 2 may preferably be connected to the wind turbine 41 on the periphery of the wind farm, so as not only to ensure the stability and reliability of the installation of the second fence layer 2, but also to reduce the number of floating platforms 21 constructed, which is more economical and practical.

[0057] Optionally, the length of the second connecting device 22 is greater than the straight-line distance between two adjacent floating platforms 21 connected thereto.

[0058] In particular, since it is necessary to cope with the continuous strong impact of the wind and waves on the sea, the length of each segment of the second connecting device 22 is preferably set to be greater than the straight-line distance between two adjacent floating platforms 21 connected thereto, so that when the two ends of the second connecting device 22 are respectively connected to the two floating platforms 21, the middle part of the second connecting device 22 is shaped into a certain degree of arc and can undergo a certain degree of vibration or deformation in response to the fluctuations of the waves, so as to play a buffer role and absorb part of the energy of wind and waves, which contributes to improving the overall shock resistance of the fence.

[0059] In practice, the length of each segment of the second connecting device 22 should not be too long, since excessive length may reduce the barrier effect on floating objects and also result in material waste, increasing construction costs. Preferably, the length of the first connecting device 11 is greater than 3%-5% of the linear distance between two adjacent floating platforms 21, i.e., it can ensure resistance to wind and waves as well as the barrier effect on floating objects.

[0060] Optionally, both the first connecting device 11 and the second connecting device 22 comprise a cable 31 and a plurality of floats 32, wherein the cable 31 comprises a submarine cable, and wherein the plurality of floats 32 are distributed on the cable 31 in a spaced manner.

[0061] Specifically, in the present embodiment, the first connecting device 11 and the second connecting device 22 may adopt the same structure, both comprising a cable 31 and a plurality of floats 32, and the cable 31 may adopt a conventional submarine cable, and the innermost part of the submarine cable is a copper conductor that can be used for power and data transmission, and the outer layer of the conductor is composed of a plurality of strands of a high-strength alloy material capable of providing mechanical protection for the cable and improving its tensile strength and compressive strength, and the outer layer of the conductor is covered with a corrosion-resistant polyvinyl chloride sheath, which can protect the cable from seawater corrosion and ensure the long-term stability of the cable in seawater.A plurality of floats 32 are distributed on the cable 31 at a certain interval, and the floats 32 float on the sea surface, which can give the cable 31 a certain buoyancy, so that the cable 31 can float on the sea surface.

[0062] In order for the cable 31 to float on the sea surface and for the floating platform 21 not to be subjected to additional load by the cable 31, the total buoyancy of the floats 32 per unit length is preferably more than 8-15% of the gravity of the cable 31.

[0063] Optionally, the outer surface of the float 32 is coated with a warning marking.

[0064] In the present embodiment, the outer surface of the float 32 may be coated with a warning marking, e.g., yellow and black stripes, which can have a certain warning effect and conveniently remind the driver of the passing vessel to be careful so that the vessel does not accidentally enter the wind farm.

[0065] Optionally, the floating platform 21 comprises a floating body 211, a mooring chain 213, and an anchor pile 214; wherein the anchor pile 214 is fixed to the seabed 52, and wherein the floating body 211 is connected to the anchor pile 214 by a plurality of mooring chains 213; and wherein the floating body 211 is provided with a bollard hole 212, and wherein the floating body 211 is connected to the cable 31 through the bollard hole 212.

[0066] The function of the floating platform 21 is, in particular, to establish a relatively fixed position at sea to limit the installation position of the second fence layer 2. Referring to Fig. 2, the floating platform 21 in the present embodiment comprises a floating body 211, a mooring chain 213, and an anchor pile 214. The anchor pile 214 is attached to the seabed 52, and the floating body 211 provides the majority of the buoyancy, and the lower part of the floating body 211 is connected to the anchor pile 214 by means of a plurality of mooring chains 213 to establish the connection between the floating body 211 and the seabed 52, ensuring that the floating platform does not move significantly under most wind and wave conditions, thus maintaining its stability. Bollard holes 212 are provided on both sides of the floating body 211, through which the cables 31 on both sides can be conveniently connected.

[0067] Optionally, a strain sensor is installed in the cable 31 and connected to the cable 31, wherein the cable 31 is connected to a central control center of the wind farm; and wherein the strain sensor is provided or used to detect the strain data of the cable 31, and wherein the cable 31 is provided or used to transmit the strain data to the central control center of the wind farm.

[0068] Specifically, a strain sensor is installed in the cable 31 and connected to the cable 31, the cable 31 being connected to the central control center of the wind farm, whereby the strain sensor can monitor the stress to which the cable 31 is subjected in real time, and through the conductors within the cable 31, the strain data can be transmitted to the central control center of the wind farm, and thus, through the central control center of the wind farm, the strain data within the cable 31 can be monitored for abnormalities, thereby enabling the degree of impact to be remotely monitored so that appropriate measures can be taken in a timely manner.

[0069] Optionally, the floating platform 21 further comprises a communication antenna 215 and a sensor and data storage module 216 arranged on the floating body 211; wherein the sensor and data storage module 216 is connected to the communication antenna 215, and wherein the communication antenna 215 is connected to the central control center of the wind farm, and wherein the sensor and data storage module 216 is provided or used to acquire wind speed and wave data, and wherein the communication antenna 215 is provided or used to receive the wind speed and wave data and transmit it to the central control center of the wind farm.

[0070] In particular, the floating platform 21 comprises, with reference to Fig. 2 further comprises a communication antenna 215 and a sensor and data storage module 216 arranged on the floating body 211, wherein the sensor and data storage module 216 is capable of detecting the offshore wind speed and wave height, wavelength, wave period, and other data of the sea waves, and wherein the sensor and data storage module 216 is connected to the communication antenna 215, and wherein the communication antenna 215 is connected to the central control center of the wind farm, and wherein the communication antenna 215 is capable of receiving the wind speed and wave data and sending this data to the central control center of the wind farm, so that the wind and wave conditions at sea can be monitored in real time by the central control center of the wind farm and thus protective measures can be taken in advance, such asstrengthening the structure of the fence and adjusting the tension of the cables 31, etc., to ensure the effect of intercepting the floating objects, and at the same time prevent the fence from being destroyed in strong winds and waves, and extend the service life of the fence.

[0071] Preferably, the cable 31 of the second fence layer 2 can also be connected to an external power supply of the wind farm, and at the same time, the cable 31 is connected to the communication antenna 215 and the sensor and data storage module 216, whereby the power supply of the communication antenna 215 and the sensor and data storage module 216 of the floating platform 21 can be realized.

[0072] In the present embodiment, the use of the sensor and the central control center of the wind farm to realize the remote monitoring and management of the floating fence device belongs to the technology known to technicians in this field and will not be repeated here.

[0073] The floating fence device provided by the present embodiment deforms when hit by a large floating object on the sea, and the cable 31 is able to prevent the floating object from entering the interior of the wind farm to a certain extent. At the same time, the central control center of the wind farm monitors the abnormality of the load data inside the cable 31, and through the data, the extent of the impact can be remotely monitored and the specific measures to be taken can be determined, which effectively ensures the safety of the facilities inside the wind farm.

[0074] The floating fence device for offshore wind farms provided by the present embodiment can be applied to wind farms in a near-shore area to effectively prevent runaway ships and free-floating large floating objects at sea from entering the wind farms, avoid their impact on the turbine platforms, and ensure the structural safety of the wind turbines. Example 2

[0075] A floating fence device for offshore wind farms, used for the offshore wind farm and comprising a first fence layer 1 arranged on a wind turbine 41 at the periphery of the wind farm; wherein the first fence layer 1 comprises a plurality of segments of a first connecting device 11, and wherein each segment of the first connecting device 11 connects two adjacent turbine sites; and wherein the first connecting device 11 is provided or used to prevent floating objects from entering the interior of the wind farm. The floating fence device further comprises a second fence layer 2, wherein the second fence layer 2 is located on the outside of the first fence layer 1, and wherein the second fence layer 2 is provided surrounding the wind farm along the circumferential direction.

[0076] In particular with reference to Fig. 2 is in Fig. Figure 2 illustrates a structure of a floating fence device for a wind farm in a distant marine area or near a marine area with intensive fishing or cargo transport activities, comprising the first fence layer 1 and a second fence layer 2, wherein the first fence layer 1 is arranged around the outer perimeter of the wind farm, the wind farm comprising a plurality of wind turbines distributed in an array, and wherein the first fence layer 1 comprises a plurality of segments of a first connecting device 11, and wherein the first connecting device 11 is connected between two outermost adjacent turbine locations of the wind farm, thereby forming a first barrier at the periphery of the wind farm capable of intercepting and preventing external floating objects from penetrating the interior of the wind farm.

[0077] The second fence layer 2 is arranged on the outside of the first fence layer 1.In contrast to Embodiment 1, in which it is arranged only on a side facing away from the seashore 51, in the present embodiment, since the wind farm is located in a distant sea area or near a sea area with intensive fishing or cargo transportation activities, there is a greater risk that all peripheral sides of the wind farm will be hit by a runaway ship or a large floating object, therefore, the second fence layer 2 in the present embodiment is arranged along the circumferential direction of the wind farm to form a second barrier capable of intercepting and blocking ships or floating objects outside the wind farm in all directions and preventing them from entering the interior of the wind farm, thereby further ensuring the safety of the facilities inside the wind farm.

[0078] Optionally, the second fence layer 2 comprises a plurality of floating platforms 21 and a plurality of segments of the second connecting device 22; wherein the plurality of floating platforms 21 are spaced apart from one another, and wherein the floating platforms 21 are connected to the seabed 52, and wherein each segment of the second connecting device 22 is connected to two adjacent floating platforms 21.

[0079] Referring to Fig. 3, the second fence layer 2 comprises a plurality of floating platforms 21 and a plurality of segments of the second connecting device 22, wherein the floating platforms 21 are connected to the seabed 52 to limit the relative position of the second fence layer 2 to the wind farm, and wherein the plurality of floating platforms 21 are spaced from each other along the circumferential direction of the wind farm; wherein each segment of the second connecting device 22 is connected between two adjacent floating platforms 21 capable of intercepting floating objects outside the wind farm and preventing them from entering the wind farm and impacting the turbines.

[0080] In practice, the number and spacing of the floating platforms 21 should be reasonably set according to the protection requirements. The spacing between two adjacent floating platforms 21 should not be set too large, because too large a spacing may reduce the overall structural strength of the fence and also increase the length of each segment of the second connecting device 22, which will impair the barrier effect on floating objects. At the same time, the spacing of the floating platforms 21 should not be set too small, because too small a spacing will require an increase in the number of floating platforms 21, resulting in an increase in construction costs. Preferably, in the present embodiment, the spacing between two adjacent floating platforms 21 is set to 5 km-8 km, which can ensure a good protection effect and also save construction costs.

[0081] Optionally, the length of the first connecting device 11 is greater than the straight-line distance between two adjacent, connected system locations.

[0082] In particular, since it is necessary to cope with the continuous strong impact of wind and waves on the sea, the length of each segment of the first connecting device 11 is preferably set to be greater than the straight-line distance between two adjacent installation sites connected thereto, so that when the two ends of the first connecting device 11 are respectively connected to the two installation sites, the middle part of the first connecting device 11 is shaped into a certain degree of arc and can undergo a certain degree of vibration or deformation in response to the fluctuations of the waves to play a buffer role and absorb part of the energy of wind and waves, which contributes to improving the overall shock resistance of the fence.

[0083] In practice, the length of each segment of the first connecting device 11 should not be too long, as excessive length may reduce the barrier effect on floating objects and also result in material waste, increasing construction costs. Preferably, the length of the first connecting device 11 is greater than 3%-5% of the straight-line distance between two adjacent turbine locations, thus ensuring wind and wave resistance and a barrier effect on floating objects.

[0084] Optionally, the length of the second connecting device 22 is greater than the straight-line distance between two adjacent floating platforms 21 connected thereto.

[0085] In the present embodiment, the length of each segment of the second connecting device 22 is greater than the straight-line distance between two adjacent floating platforms 21 connected thereto, so that when the two ends of the second connecting device 22 are respectively connected to the two floating platforms 21, the middle part of the second connecting device 22 is shaped to a certain degree of arc and can be subjected to a certain degree of vibration or deformation in response to the fluctuations of the waves to play a buffer role, which contributes to improving the overall shock resistance of the fence.

[0086] Preferably, the length of the second connecting device 22 is greater than 3%-5% of the straight line distance between two adjacent floating platforms 21, that is, it can ensure resistance to wind and waves as well as the blocking effect on floating objects.

[0087] Optionally, a first inlet and outlet 12 is provided on the first fence layer 1, wherein the first connecting device 11 is not provided between two of the plant locations corresponding to the first inlet and outlet 12; wherein a second inlet and outlet 23 is provided on the second fence layer 2, and wherein the second connecting device 22 is not provided between two of the floating platforms 21 corresponding to the second inlet and outlet 23.

[0088] In particular, in order to facilitate the inspection and maintenance of the internal facilities of the wind farm by the operation and maintenance vessels of the wind farm, the first inlet and outlet 12 is provided on the first fence layer 1, and the first connection device 11 is not provided between two of the facility locations corresponding to the first inlet and outlet 12, and wherein a second inlet and outlet 23 is provided on the second fence layer 2, and wherein the second connection device 22 is not provided between two of the floating platforms 21 corresponding to the second inlet and outlet 23, so that the operation and maintenance vessels can enter and exit the wind farm only through the first inlet and outlet 12 and the second inlet and outlet 23.

[0089] Optionally, the first inlet and outlet 12 and the second inlet and outlet 23 are each provided on a side of the wind farm facing the sea shore 51.

[0090] As in Fig. 3, in the present embodiment, the first inlet and outlet 12 and the second inlet and outlet 23 are provided on a side of the wind farm facing the seashore 51, so that the travel distance of the operation and maintenance vessels for entering and leaving the wind farm can be shortened, thereby reducing operation and maintenance costs. Preferably, the position of the second inlet and outlet 23 corresponds to the position of the first inlet and outlet 12, which can simplify the travel route of the operation and maintenance vessels as much as possible, thereby shortening the travel distance and improving the convenience of operation and maintenance to further reduce operation and maintenance costs.

[0091] Optionally, both the first connecting device 11 and the second connecting device 22 comprise a cable 31 and a plurality of floats 32, wherein the cable 31 comprises a submarine cable, and wherein the plurality of floats 32 are distributed on the cable 31 in a spaced manner.

[0092] Specifically, in the present embodiment, the first connecting device 11 and the second connecting device 22 may adopt the same structure, both comprising a cable 31 and a plurality of floats 32, and the cable 31 may adopt a conventional submarine cable, and the innermost part of the submarine cable is a copper conductor that can be used for power and data transmission, and the outer layer of the conductor is composed of a plurality of strands of a high-strength alloy material capable of providing mechanical protection for the cable and improving its tensile strength and compressive strength, and the outer layer of the conductor is covered with a corrosion-resistant polyvinyl chloride sheath, which can protect the cable from seawater corrosion and ensure the long-term stability of the cable in seawater.A plurality of floats 32 are distributed on the cable 31 at a certain interval, and the floats 32 float on the sea surface, which can give the cable 31 a certain buoyancy, so that the cable 31 can float on the sea surface.

[0093] In order for the cable 31 to float on the sea surface and for the floating platform 21 not to be subjected to additional load by the cable 31, the total buoyancy of the floats 32 per unit length is preferably more than 8-15% of the gravity of the cable 31.

[0094] Optionally, the outer surface of the float 32 is coated with a warning marking.

[0095] In the present embodiment, the outer surface of the float 32 may be coated with a warning marking, e.g., yellow and black stripes, which can have a certain warning effect and conveniently remind the driver of the passing vessel to be careful so that the vessel does not accidentally enter the wind farm.

[0096] Optionally, the floating platform 21 comprises a floating body 211, a mooring chain 213, and an anchor pile 214; wherein the anchor pile 214 is fixed to the seabed 52, and wherein the floating body 211 is connected to the anchor pile 214 by a plurality of mooring chains 213; and wherein the floating body 211 is provided with a bollard hole 212, and wherein the floating body 211 is connected to the cable 31 through the bollard hole 212.

[0097] The function of the floating platform 21 is, in particular, to establish a relatively fixed position at sea to limit the installation position of the second fence layer 2. Referring to Fig. 2, the floating platform 21 in the present embodiment comprises a floating body 211, a mooring chain 213, and an anchor pile 214. The anchor pile 214 is attached to the seabed 52, and the floating body 211 provides the majority of the buoyancy, and the lower part of the floating body 211 is connected to the anchor pile 214 by means of a plurality of mooring chains 213 to establish the connection between the floating body 211 and the seabed 52, ensuring that the floating platform does not move significantly under most wind and wave conditions, thus maintaining its stability. Bollard holes 212 are provided on both sides of the floating body 211, through which the cables 31 on both sides can be conveniently connected.

[0098] Optionally, a strain sensor is installed in the cable 31 and connected to the cable 31, wherein the cable 31 is connected to a central control center of the wind farm; and wherein the strain sensor is provided or used to detect the strain data of the cable 31, and wherein the cable 31 is provided or used to transmit the strain data to the central control center of the wind farm.

[0099] Specifically, a strain sensor is installed in the cable 31 and connected to the cable 31, the cable 31 being connected to the central control center of the wind farm, whereby the strain sensor can monitor the stress to which the cable 31 is subjected in real time, and through the conductors within the cable 31, the strain data can be transmitted to the central control center of the wind farm, and thus, through the central control center of the wind farm, the strain data within the cable 31 can be monitored for abnormalities, thereby enabling the degree of impact to be remotely monitored so that appropriate measures can be taken in a timely manner.

[0100] Optionally, the floating platform 21 further comprises a communication antenna 215 and a sensor and data storage module 216 arranged on the floating body 211; wherein the sensor and data storage module 216 is connected to the communication antenna 215, and wherein the communication antenna 215 is connected to the central control center of the wind farm, and wherein the sensor and data storage module 216 is provided or used to acquire wind speed and wave data, and wherein the communication antenna 215 is provided or used to receive the wind speed and wave data and transmit it to the central control center of the wind farm.

[0101] In particular, the floating platform 21 comprises, with reference to Fig.2 further comprises a communication antenna 215 and a sensor and data storage module 216 arranged on the floating body 211, wherein the sensor and data storage module 216 is capable of detecting the offshore wind speed and wave height, wavelength, wave period, and other data of the sea waves, and wherein the sensor and data storage module 216 is connected to the communication antenna 215, and wherein the communication antenna 215 is connected to the central control center of the wind farm, and wherein the communication antenna 215 is capable of receiving the wind speed and wave data and sending this data to the central control center of the wind farm, so that the wind and wave conditions at sea can be monitored in real time by the central control center of the wind farm and thus protective measures can be taken in advance, such asstrengthening the structure of the fence and adjusting the tension of the cables 31, etc., to ensure the effect of intercepting the floating objects, and at the same time prevent the fence from being destroyed in strong winds and waves, and extend the service life of the fence.

[0102] Preferably, the cable 31 of the second fence layer 2 can also be connected to an external power supply of the wind farm, and at the same time, the cable 31 is connected to the communication antenna 215 and the sensor and data storage module 216, whereby the power supply of the communication antenna 215 and the sensor and data storage module 216 of the floating platform 21 can be realized.

[0103] In the present embodiment, the use of the sensor and the central control center of the wind farm to realize the remote monitoring and management of the floating fence device belongs to the technology known to technicians in this field and will not be repeated here.

[0104] The floating fence device provided by the present embodiment deforms when hit by a large floating object on the sea, and the cable 31 is able to prevent the floating object from entering the interior of the wind farm to a certain extent. At the same time, the central control center of the wind farm monitors the abnormality of the load data inside the cable 31, and through the data, the extent of the impact can be remotely monitored and the specific measures to be taken can be determined, which effectively ensures the safety of the facilities inside the wind farm.

[0105] The floating fence device for offshore wind farms provided by the present embodiment can be applied to wind farms located in a sea area with intensive fishing or cargo transportation activities or a distant sea area to effectively prevent runaway ships and free-floating large floating objects at sea from entering the wind farms, avoid their impact on the turbine platforms, and ensure the structural safety of the wind turbines.

[0106] It should be noted that the various embodiments in this specification are described in a structured manner, with each embodiment specifically highlighting the differences from other embodiments. For identical or similar parts between the embodiments, mutual reference may be made.

[0107] Furthermore, it should be noted that in this document, terms such as "center", "top", "bottom", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside", etc., refer to the positioning shown on the drawings. These terms are for convenience of description only and should not be construed as limiting the actual design or operation of the device. Furthermore, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used solely to distinguish between entities or operations without implying any actual relationship sequence or priority. Furthermore, the term "including" orIts variations imply a non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article, or device comprising a set of elements is not limited to those elements, but may also include other elements not expressly listed or elements inherent in that process, method, article, or device. Unless otherwise limited, the phrase "comprises a..." does not preclude the presence of other identical elements.

[0108] The above has explained in detail the technical solution provided by this application. The principle and implementation forms of this application have been demonstrated using concrete examples. The description of the embodiments serves only to understand the core concepts of this application and should not be considered as a limitation of the scope of protection. At the same time, it will be clear to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations in specific implementation forms and areas of application are possible based on this application. It is neither necessary nor possible to list all embodiments here. Nevertheless, all obvious derivations and modifications resulting from this application remain within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

[1] Floating fence device for offshore wind farms, characterized by that it includes: a first fence layer (1) arranged on a wind turbine (41) at the periphery of the wind farm; wherein the first fence layer (1) comprises a plurality of segments of a first connecting device (11), and wherein each segment of the first connecting device (11) connects two adjacent turbine sites; and wherein the first connecting device (11) is intended to prevent floating objects from penetrating the interior of the wind farm. [2] Floating fence device for offshore wind farms according to claim 1, characterized by that the length of the first connecting device (11) is greater than the straight-line distance between two adjacent plant positions connected thereto. [3] Floating fence device for offshore wind farms according to claim 1 or 2, characterized bythat a first inlet and outlet (12) is provided on the first fence layer (1), wherein the first connecting device (11) is not provided between two of the installation positions corresponding to the first inlet and outlet (12); [4] Floating fence device for offshore wind farms according to claim 3, characterized by that the first inlet and outlet (12) is provided on a side of the wind farm facing the sea shore (51). [5] Floating fence device for offshore wind farms according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized byin that it further comprises a second fence layer (2) located on the outside of the first fence layer (1); wherein the second fence layer (2) comprises a plurality of floating platforms (21) and a plurality of segments of the second connecting device (22); wherein the plurality of floating platforms (21) are spaced apart from one another, and wherein the floating platforms (21) are connected to the seabed (52), and wherein each segment of the second connecting device (22) is connected to two adjacent floating platforms (21). [6] Floating fence device for offshore wind farms according to claim 5, characterized by that the second fence layer (2) is provided on a side of the wind farm facing away from the sea shore (51). [7] Floating fence device for offshore wind farms according to claim 5 or 6, characterized by that the second fence layer (2) is provided along the circumferential direction of the wind farm. [8] Floating fence device for offshore wind farms according to claim 7, characterized by that a second inlet and outlet (23) is provided on the second fence layer (2), wherein the second connecting device (22) is not provided between two of the floating platforms (21) corresponding to the second inlet and outlet (23). [9] Floating fence device for offshore wind farms according to claim 8, characterized by that the position of the second inlet and outlet (23) is adjusted to correspond to the position of the first inlet and outlet (12). [10] Floating fence device for offshore wind farms according to one of claims 5 to 9, characterized by that the length of the second connecting device (22) is greater than the straight-line distance between two adjacent floating platforms (21) connected thereto. [11] Floating fence device for offshore wind farms according to one of claims 5 to 10, characterized byin that both the first connecting device (11) and the second connecting device (22) comprise a cable (31) and a plurality of floats (32), wherein the cable (31) comprises a submarine cable, and wherein the plurality of floats (32) are distributed at a distance from one another on the cable (31). [12] Floating fence device for offshore wind farms according to claim 11, characterized by in that a strain sensor is installed in the cable (31) and is connected to the cable (31), wherein the cable (31) is connected to a central control center of the wind farm; and wherein the strain sensor is provided to detect the strain data of the cable (31), and wherein the cable (31) is provided to transmit the strain data to the central control center of the wind farm. [13] Floating fence device for offshore wind farms according to claim 11 or 12, characterized by , that the floating platform (21) comprises a floating body (211), an anchoring chain (213) and an anchor pile (214); wherein the anchor pile (214) is fixed to the seabed (52), and wherein the floating body (211) is connected to the anchor pile (214) by a plurality of mooring chains (213); and wherein the floating body (211) is provided with a bollard hole (212), and wherein the floating body (211) is connected to the cable (31) through the bollard hole (212). [14] Floating fence device for offshore wind farms according to claim 13, characterized byin that the floating platform (21) further comprises a communication antenna (215) and a sensor and data storage module (216) arranged on the floating body (211); wherein the sensor and data storage module (216) is connected to the communication antenna (215), and wherein the communication antenna (215) is connected to the central control center of the wind farm, and wherein the sensor and data storage module (216) is provided for acquiring wind speed and wave data, and wherein the communication antenna (215) is provided for receiving the wind speed and wave data and transmitting it to the central control center of the wind farm.

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