Transport body, single panel, commercial vehicle body and commercial vehicle

Abstract

Transport body (1) for a truck or a trailer for trucks, in particular for a trailer (220), comprising a floor (2), a left and a right side wall (3, 3.1), a roof (110), a front wall, a rear wall and at least one roof profile rail (111, 112) on each side in the longitudinal direction of the body (2), characterized in that the roof (110) and / or at least one of the side walls (3, 3.1) can be formed from plug-together individual panels (10, 20), wherein the individual panels (10, 20) are designed from a flat material part (11.3) each having two longitudinal sides, wherein when forming the roof (110) and / or the side wall (3, 3.1), the two longitudinal sides lie orthogonally to the longitudinal direction of the body (1), and having at least one end face which serves to form the roof (110) and / or the side wall (3.3.1) is parallel to the longitudinal direction of the structure (1) and which can be inserted into the roof profile rail (111, 112), and wherein the individual panels (10, 20) can be inserted into one another at least in a force-fitting and / or form-fitting manner via their longitudinal sides to form transverse struts (11) and / or vertical struts.

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to a transport body for a truck or a trailer for trucks, in particular for a trailer, comprising a floor, a left and a right side wall, a roof, a front wall, a rear wall, and at least one roof profile rail on each side in the longitudinal direction of the body, according to the preamble of claim 1, to an individual panel for designing a roof and / or a side wall for a transport body according to the invention according to the preamble of claim 10, to a commercial vehicle body with at least two loading levels, in particular a trailer body or semi-trailer body, which is designed as a transport body according to the invention with a roof formed from individual panels, according to claim 11, and to a commercial vehicle with the commercial vehicle body according to the invention according to claim 12.

[0002] According to the current state of the art, there are two basic types of superstructures for general freight transport by truck: the fixed box or panel body, with or without refrigeration by a refrigeration unit, and the body with a tarpaulin cover, without refrigeration. The roof construction of these superstructures provides cross bracing between the roof profiles running lengthwise along the superstructure. These bracings serve to stabilize the roof surface resting on them. The roof surface is formed from a single piece of material to prevent joints. Tarpaulins or foils are commonly used as material components for these roof structures. The use of tarpaulins or foils is not suitable for the transport of goods that are sensitive to the effects of the weather, as the tarpaulin does not provide adequate protection against weather, temperature, moisture, and dirt. Even a fully stretched and closed tarpaulin is never completely airtight.In addition, many tarpaulin bodies allow air to enter, causing them to expand due to the wind while driving. This increases the vehicle's aerodynamic drag and allows moisture and dirt to penetrate the cargo area. Furthermore, tarpaulins or films lose their waterproofing as they expand over time. The side walls of bodies with tarpaulin covers are made of tarpaulins held by rollers near the roof and have sewn-on tension fasteners at the bottom, which hook them onto the lower frame or floor to close the body.

[0003] The side walls of the fixed box bodies are formed either from a single piece of material or from individual panels that are joined together. Vertical struts, predominantly designed as double U-profiles, are provided between the individual panels. These struts are inserted into the struts from one side of the U-profile and the other, and are connected to the struts via adhesive joints.

[0004] A disadvantage of the roof and sidewall constructions of conventional bodies, in addition to the weight-intensive use of cross and / or vertical struts, is the durability of the materials used for the roof or sidewall constructions. Particularly when using tarpaulins, these lose their waterproofness over time due to expansion and, in addition, the tarpaulins in the sidewall area can be ripped open during break-in attempts. Due to the materials used for the sidewalls, which are double sandwich panels that must be connected to each other via the vertical struts, the box bodies have a much higher deadweight than tarpaulin bodies. Disclosure of the invention

[0005] The object of the invention is to at least partially improve the transport superstructures known from the prior art. In particular, the object of the present invention is to provide, in addition to a roof structure, a side wall structure that forms a stable roof and / or a stable side wall for the transport superstructure without additional cross bracing or vertical bracing.

[0006] The above object is achieved by a transport body for a truck or a trailer for trucks having the features of claim 1, by individual panels for designing a roof and / or a side wall for the transport body according to the invention having the features of claim 10, by a commercial vehicle body with at least two loading levels, which is designed according to the transport body according to the invention, having the features of claim 11 and by a commercial vehicle with the commercial vehicle body according to the invention having the features of claim 12.

[0007] Further advantages, features and details which may be essential to the invention emerge from the subclaims, the description and the drawings.

[0008] The transport body according to the invention for a truck or a trailer for trucks, in particular for a trailer, comprising a floor, a left and a right side wall, a roof, a front wall, a rear wall, and at least one roof profile rail (6) on each side in the longitudinal direction of the body, includes the technical teaching that the roof and / or at least one of the side walls can be formed from plug-together individual panels, wherein the individual panels are designed from a flat material part with two longitudinal sides each, wherein when forming the roof and / or the side wall, the two longitudinal sides are orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the body, and with at least one end face which, for forming the roof and / or the side wall, is parallel to the longitudinal direction of the body and which can be inserted into the roof profile rail,and wherein the individual panels can be inserted into each other at least force-fitting and / or form-fitting manner along their long sides, forming cross bracing and / or vertical bracing.

[0009] The transport body according to the invention differs from the prior art in that the roof structure can be constructed without the use of additional cross bracing. The side wall formed by interlocking the individual panels also requires no additional vertical bracing to connect the individual panels and hold them securely between the vehicle floor and the roof structure.

[0010] Advantageously, the individual panels have formations on the long sides which, together with the flat material part, can be produced from a material with a low wall thickness, such as flat steel, sheet metal or flat iron, in a roll forming or rolling process with the same wall thickness, wherein by doubling the material of at least one of the formations designed on the long sides of the individual panels and by inserting the two formations into one another, which leads to further material reinforcement, a stability is achieved between the individual panels which is equivalent to that of the known cross bracing for a roof construction and that of the known vertical bracing for a side wall construction.Conversely, this means that the transverse or vertical struts formed integrally between at least two individual panels by means of the formations eliminate the need for additional transverse and / or vertical struts in the transport body according to the invention. In addition to the material advantages of flat steel, sheet metal, or flat iron compared to a tarpaulin or a double sandwich panel, this in turn means that by omitting transverse and / or vertical struts, the construction of a roof and / or side wall is simplified, and secondly, weight can be saved in the transport body according to the invention compared to known transport bodies with transverse and / or vertical struts. This has the advantage of reducing the overall weight of the commercial vehicle constructed with it, and it can also increase the payload.

[0011] Preferably, the individual panels are connected to one another to form at least a positive and / or non-positive connection. To further increase the hold between the panels, the formations on the long sides of the individual panels adjacent to the flat material part are designed as steps, whereby the step formed on the long side with the double-walled T-shaped formation overlaps the step formed on the long side of the panel to be connected after the folded edge has been inserted between the double wall of the T-shaped formation. By overlapping one step over the other, the connection between the two individual panels is secured. In addition, the connection is advantageously further secured by applying an adhesive to form a material-to-material connection between the individual panels.The adhesive joint between the individual panels also has the advantage of sealing them against each other, thus preventing the ingress of dust or liquids. A preferred design for the connection between the individual panels can be a snap-lock joint. With a snap-lock joint, one of the recesses is designed as a snap-lock seam, and the other as a cam-lock standing seam. When these two seams are inserted into each other, the cams of the cam-lock standing seam engage an edge or overlap formed on the side of the snap-lock seam.

[0012] Preferably, the individual panel is formed from a material strand, in particular from flat iron or flat steel, in one piece from the material strand with the formations formed thereon. The forming is advantageously carried out in a roll forming process. The material strand to be formed advantageously has a small wall thickness, preferably between 0.5 mm and 1.8 mm, and even more preferably the individual panels with the formations are formed from a material strand with a wall thickness of 0.6 mm, which allows the material to be doubled up to a bend of 180° to form the aforementioned double-walled T-shaped formation without the material breaking during forming. The described geometric shape of the double-walled T-shaped formation can only be implemented in a roll forming process from a very small wall thickness of less than 1 mm up to a maximum wall thickness of between 1.4 mm and 1.8 mm.

[0013] A further aspect of the invention is an individual panel for constructing a roof and / or a side wall for a transport structure. The individual panel can advantageously be designed as an approximately 300 mm wide profile, wherein, among other things, the formations are formed in a roll forming process, whereby the profiles can be manually inserted and clipped together, so that the roof and / or a side wall can be very easily manufactured from 45 identical, easily handled profiles without the need for any devices. Furthermore, using the individual panels to construct a roof for the transport structure advantageously eliminates the need for roof cross members or struts. When constructing side walls with the individual panels according to the invention, vertical bracing between the individual side wall elements can be dispensed with. The profile of the individual panel according to the invention can have reinforcing beads in the flat material part and, if necessary,The profiles of the individual panels can be curved or pre-bent to allow water to drain to the sides. The roof profile rail or roof rail profile (extruded aluminum) conveniently accommodates the rolled individual panel roof profiles in a groove and is then tightly glued. Initial fixation of the individual panel roof profiles can be achieved using punched louvers that snap into the roof rail profile. In addition, the roof panels can preferably be additionally connected to the roof rail profile or roof profile rail using fasteners such as rivets or screws.

[0014] In order to avoid repetitions regarding the advantages of the individual panel according to the invention, reference is made to the description of the advantageous embodiments of the transport structure according to the invention and the disclosure by this description is fully relied upon and vice versa.

[0015] An additional aspect of the present invention is a commercial vehicle body with at least two loading levels, in particular a trailer body or semi-trailer body, which is designed as a transport body with a roof formed from individual panels and / or a side wall according to one of the preceding claims.

[0016] The commercial vehicle body according to the invention is advantageously designed as a double- or multi-decker body, which is configured with a roof and / or at least one side wall formed by interlocking the individual panels according to the invention. With a transport body configured as a double- or multi-decker body, the economic efficiency of a commercial vehicle can be significantly increased, since with each additional loading level, 33 additional loaded or packed Euro pallets can be transported. This means that with a second loading level, i.e., a double-decker body, 66 loaded or packed Euro pallets can be transported simultaneously instead of 33 loaded or packed Euro pallets.When loading the commercial vehicle with loaded or packed, preferably foldable, lattice boxes, these can be advantageously folded after unloading on the return transport and transported in a folded state either on the upper second or the lower loading level, whereby either the free loading level is then available for the transport of, for example, 33 loaded or packed Euro pallets, or with lattice boxes packed in a folded state on Euro pallets, both loading levels are available for the transport of a total of 66 Euro pallets.

[0017] A further aspect of the present invention is a commercial vehicle with the commercial vehicle body according to the invention. In addition to the commercial vehicle types already described, which are designed as semi-trailers, this also includes motor-driven tractors with the transport or commercial vehicle body according to the invention. These can have a transport or commercial vehicle body designed as a double- or multi-decker body, as already described for the semi-trailers.

[0018] In order to avoid repetitions here with regard to the advantages of the commercial vehicle body according to the invention or the commercial vehicle according to the invention, reference is made to the description of the advantageous embodiments of the transport body according to the invention and the individual panel according to the invention and the disclosure by this description is fully relied upon and vice versa.

[0019] Finally, a further aspect of the invention is a method for producing a roof and / or a side wall for a transport structure from approximately 45 individual roof panels or from 45 individual side wall panels. Following pallet delivery of the individual panels in a packing size of 45 individual panels, one individual panel after the other is inserted between, and each with one of its end faces into, a groove in the parallel roof spar profiles and advantageously secured via punched louvers that snap into the roof spar profile. In addition, in further steps, the individual panels can be connected to the roof spar profile using fastening elements such as rivets or screws, or by applying an adhesive bond. Preferred embodiments:

[0020] Further measures improving the invention are presented in more detail below with the description of preferred embodiments of the invention with reference to the figures. The features mentioned in the claims and in the description may be essential to the invention individually or in any combination. It should be noted that the embodiments illustrated in the figures are merely descriptive and are not intended to limit the invention in any way.

[0021] They show: Fig. 1 in plan view from the rear of a commercial vehicle with a transport body according to the invention designed as a multi-level body with a second upper loading level placed at the middle of the height of the multi-level body (without showing stanchions); Fig. 2 in a perspective top view of a roof section and in a cross section of the Fig. 1, which is composed of three interconnected individual panels; Fig. 3 shows an embodiment of an individual panel according to the invention in a perspective view obliquely from above; Fig. 4 a sectional view orthogonal to the longitudinal extent through the cross bracing formed from the interconnected formations; Fig. 5 a sectional view orthogonal to the longitudinal extent of the formations of the individual panels when inserting an individual panel into another individual panel to form a roof or to form a side wall; Fig. 6 a sectional view orthogonal to the longitudinal extent of the formations of the individual panels when inserting an individual panel into another individual panel to form a roof or a side wall, wherein an adhesive was applied to form a material-locking connection and as a sealing material-locking joint between the individual panels before the force-locking and / or form-locking connection between the individual panels and Fig. 7 in a detailed view which is shown in the Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 roof profile rail shown.

[0022] In the various figures, identical parts are always provided with the same reference numerals, which is why they are generally described only once. In the following description of the figures, the present invention is described using a roof structure with cross braces formed by insert connections. The description also applies to a side wall structure, in which vertical braces are formed by the insert connections.

[0023] Fig. 1 shows a rear plan view of a commercial vehicle 200 with a transport body 1 according to the invention configured as a multi-deck body 100 with a second upper loading level 102 guided at the midpoint of the height of the multi-deck body 100 and locked in this position. With this layout, the commercial vehicle 200 has a loading capacity of up to 66 Euro pallets. The commercial vehicle 200 shown is advantageously in the form of a curtainsider with side tarpaulins or can be constructed as a box trailer with fixed side walls. For an interior vehicle height, the roof 110 of the commercial vehicle 200, formed from individual panels 10, 20 according to the invention, can advantageously be raised by up to 50 mm (shown by the double arrows in the figure). The roof 110 is advantageously raised by means of a lifting device, whereby the roof 110 is raised relative to the stanchions (not shown in the figure).However, the roof 110 can also be raised with or by extending the stanchions, whereby at least the upper part of the stanchions adjoining the roof 110 can then be lengthened or shortened at least in sections by sliding the stanchions apart or into each other along their longitudinal extent, i.e., the stanchions can be changed along their longitudinal extent. The roof 110, the side walls 3, 3.1, and the floor 2 define the cargo space 400 of the multi-level body 100 shown.

[0024] Fig. 2 shows a perspective top view and a cross-section of a roof section of the Fig. 1, which is composed of three interconnected individual panels 10, 20 and 10. The individual panels 10 and 20 are constructed identically; the reference numerals 10 and 20 for the individual panels 10, 20 merely serve to better describe the insertion function via the formations 11.1 and 11.2. As shown, the individual panels 10 and 20 are each formed in one piece from a single material part with a flat material part 11.3 having the formations 11.1 and 11.2. The formation 11.1 is designed as a T-shaped insert connection (see the following figures). The formation 11.2 is designed as a bevel leading downwards from the flat material part 11.3. In this case, the flat material part 11.3 has reinforcing beads 11.4. By inserting the formation 11.2 of the individual panel 10 into the formation 11.1 of the individual panel 20, the plug-in connection fulfils the function of a roof cross brace or cross braces 11.The rear end face 11.5 in the figure is inserted into a roof profile rail 111 located in the longitudinal extension of the transport body 1 and rests on the roof profile rail 111 with the roof cross struts 11 formed from the nested formations 11.1 and 11.2.

[0025] Fig. Figure 3 shows, in a perspective view obliquely from above, an embodiment of an individual panel 10, 20 according to the invention. On the left side, the formation 11.1, designed as a T-shaped plug-in connection, is formed adjacent to the flat material part 11.3. On the right side, the formation 11.2, designed as a bevel, is formed adjacent to the flat material part 11.3. Both formations 11.1 and 11.2 and the flat material part 11.3 are formed in one piece, preferably in a roll forming process, from a material strand, such as a sheet metal or steel strand.

[0026] Fig. Figure 4 shows a sectional view orthogonal to the longitudinal extension through the cross brace 11 formed from the interconnected formations 11.1 and 11.2 when connecting two individual panels 10 and 20 according to the invention. As can be clearly seen in the sectional view, the T-shaped formation 11.1 is double-walled with deformations of up to 180°. Above the double-walled T-shaped configuration of the formation 11.1, a step 12.1 is formed, which adjoins a reinforcing bead of the flat material part 11.3 of the individual panel 20 located on the right here. After the connection of the two individual panels 10 and 20 has been established, the step 12.1 is located above a step 12.2 of the individual panel 10 (left in the figure) formed on the formation 11.2 via the plug-in connection formed by the formations 11.1 and 11.2 in such a way that the bevel of the formation 11 inserted between the double wall of the formation 11.1.2 The adjacent steps 12.1 and 12.2 secure the bevel against accidental removal from the double wall. The adjacent steps 12.1 and 12.2 function as a clip connection.

[0027] The Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 shows the connection structure of the individual panel 10 with the individual panel 20 via the formations 11.2 and 11.1. For better handling, the bevel of the formation 11.2 is guided between the double wall of the T-shaped formation 11.1 via a guide aid 11.5, which is formed with the formation 11.1. For this purpose, the individual panels 10 and 20 must be positioned relative to one another, preferably at an angle between 30° and 55°, and more preferably at an angle of 45° as shown, in order to be able to insert the bevel of the formation 11.2 via the guide aid 11.5 between the T-shaped double wall of the formation 11.1. When inserting the formation 11.2 via the guide aid 11.5 between the T-shaped double wall, the two individual panels 10 and 20 are aligned relative to each other at an angle of 0° in order to form the roof 110 with approximately 45° at least force-locking and / or form-locking connected individual panels 10, 20. In the Fig. 6, an adhesive connection 300 is additionally provided between the formations 11.1 and 11.2 by applying an adhesive, which, on the one hand, serves to increase the strength of the connection between the individual panels 10 and 20 by forming an additional material-to-material connection between the individual panels 10 and 20, and wherein the adhesive connection 300 advantageously serves as a barrier in the form of a material-to-material joining connection against the penetration of moisture and / or dirt into the cargo space of the transport body 1. Optionally, the nested formations 11.1 and 11.2 can be secured against loosening by a clinch connection designed using a clinching process. In the clinching process, the nested formations 11.1 and 11.2 are permanently connected to one another by plastic deformation - whereby the use of additional connecting elements such as screws, rivets or adhesives could be dispensed with, but the adhesive connection 300 is preferably provided with the formation of a clinch connection between the nested formations 11.1 and 11.2 in order to form, in addition to the mechanical connection between the nested formations 11.1 and 11.2, a barrier against the penetration of moisture and / or dirt into the cargo space of the transport body 1 is formed by the adhesive connection 300.

[0028] Finally, the Fig. 7 a detailed view of the Fig. 1 and Fig.2, which is parallel to the longitudinal extension of the transport body 1. The roof profile rail 111 or the roof spar profile is advantageously designed as an extruded aluminum profile. A U-profile 111.1, open toward the cargo compartment 400 of the transport body 1, advantageously accommodates the rolled individual panel roof profiles 10, 20 in a groove 111.2 and is tightly glued. Initial fixation of the individual panel roof profiles 10, 20 can be achieved by punched louvers that snap into the roof spar profile 111. In the area of ​​the cross braces 11, incisions 111.3 are provided in the upper double-walled leg of the U-profile 111.1 in the lower double wall, which allow the individual panels 10,20 to be inserted below the upper wall of the double-walled leg of the U-profile 111.1 of the roof profile rail 111.In addition to the aforementioned adhesive connection between the roof profile spar or the roof profile rail 111 or the roof profile rails 111,112 and the individual panels 10,20, these two components can additionally be connected to one another via fastening elements 30, such as rivets or screws.

Claims

[1] Transport body (1) for a lorry or a trailer for lorries, in particular for a trailer (220), comprising a floor (2), a left and a right side wall (3, 3.1), a roof (110), a front wall, a rear wall and at least one roof profile rail (111, 112) on each side in the longitudinal direction of the body (2), characterized bythat the roof (110) and / or at least one of the side walls (3, 3.1) can be formed from pluggable individual panels (10, 20), wherein the individual panels (10, 20) are designed from a flat material part (11.3) each having two longitudinal sides, wherein when forming the roof (110) and / or the side wall (3, 3.1), the two longitudinal sides lie orthogonally to the longitudinal direction of the structure (1), and having at least one end face which, for forming the roof (110) and / or the side wall (3, 3.1), lies parallel to the longitudinal direction of the structure (1) and which can be inserted into the roof profile rail (111, 112), and wherein the individual panels (10, 20) can be plugged into one another at least force-fitting and / or form-fitting via their longitudinal sides to form transverse struts (11) and / or vertical struts. [2] Transport structure (1) according to claim 1, characterized bythat formations (11.1, 11.2) are formed on the long sides of the individual panels (10, 20), wherein the formation (11.1) formed on the first long side differs from the formation (11.2) formed on the second long side. [3] Transport structure (1) according to claim 2, characterized by that the formations (11.1,11.2) are designed as one piece with the individual panel (10,20). [4] Transport structure (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the formation (11.1) formed on the first longitudinal side of the individual panel (10, 20) has, at least in sections, a cross-section in the form of a double-walled T-shaped plug-in connection orthogonal to its longitudinal extent, and the formation (11.2) formed on the second longitudinal side of the individual panel (10, 20) has, at least in sections, a cross-section in the form of a bevel orthogonal to its longitudinal extent. [5] Transport structure (1) according to claim 4, characterized byin that, in order to connect two individual panels (10, 20), a first individual panel (10) can be inserted via the shaped portion (11.2) on the second longitudinal side, which is designed as a bevel, into the shaped portion (11.1) on the first longitudinal side of a second individual panel (20) which is designed as a double-walled T-shaped insert connection, thereby forming an at least positive and / or non-positive connection. [6] Transport structure (1) according to claim 4 or claim 5, characterized bythat the formation (11.2) on the second longitudinal side in the form of the fold and the formation (11.1) on the first longitudinal side in the form of the double-walled T-shaped plug-in connection each adjoin a step (12, 12.1), wherein when individual panels (10, 20) are connected to one another, the steps (12, 12.1) abut one another in such a way that the steps (12, 12.1) prevent the fold of the second individual panel (20) from becoming detached from the double-walled T-shaped plug-in connection of the first individual panel (10). [7] Transport structure (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized byin that, in order to form a material-locking connection between the first individual panel (10) and the second individual panel (20), an adhesive can be applied to at least one of the formations, at least in sections in the longitudinal extent thereof, before inserting the formation of the first panel (10) formed on the second longitudinal side into the formation of the first longitudinal side of the second individual panel (20). [8] Transport structure (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the cross braces formed by the nested formations rest in the roof profile rail and / or the vertical braces formed by the nested formations are held in the roof profile rail. [9] Transport structure (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized bythat the individual panel (10,20) with the formations (11.1,11.2) is formed from a material strand, in particular a flat iron or a flat steel, in one piece from the material strand. [10] Single panel (10, 20) for forming a roof (110) and / or a side wall for a transport structure (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized byin that the roof (110) and / or at least one of the side walls can be formed from at least two individual panels (10, 20), wherein the individual panels (10, 20) are designed from a flat material part (11.3) each having two longitudinal sides, wherein when the roof (110) and / or the side wall are formed, the two longitudinal sides are orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the structure, and having at least one end face which, when the roof (110) and / or the side wall are formed, is parallel to the longitudinal direction of the transport structure (1) and which can be inserted into the roof profile rail (111, 112), and wherein the individual panels (10, 20) can be inserted into one another at least in a force-fitting and / or form-fitting manner via their longitudinal sides to form transverse bracing or vertical bracing. [11] Commercial vehicle body (100) with at least two loading levels (101, 102), in particular a trailer body or semi-trailer body, which is designed as a transport body (1) with a roof (110) formed from individual panels (10, 20) and / or a side wall according to one of the preceding claims. [12] Commercial vehicle (200) with a commercial vehicle body (100) according to claim 11.

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