Photovoltaikmodul

Abstract

Photovoltaic module (1) comprising three cell string groups connected in series, wherein each of the three cell strand groups comprises four cell strands connected in parallel (14); a cell strand comprising the four cell strands (14) cells (15) that are electrically connected to each other and that are quarter cells (15) formed by cutting a whole cell (15); and a length of the cell (15) is represented as L1 and a width of the cell (15) as L2, where 46.675 mm ≤ L2 ≤ 53.25 mm.

Description

TECHNICAL AREA

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the field of photovoltaic technology, in particular a photovoltaic module. TECHNICAL BACKGROUND

[0002] With technological advancements, the application range of photovoltaic modules has expanded considerably, and their power output has also increased. To improve the output of photovoltaic modules, the size of the solar cells within them is also gradually increasing. Photovoltaic modules typically use half-cells, and the current in a single cell string is relatively high, leading to a significant overall power loss in the module. SUMMARY

[0003] Against this background, the present disclosure provides a photovoltaic module to solve the technical problem of high current in a single cell string and high overall power loss in prior art photovoltaic modules.

[0004] The present disclosure provides a photovoltaic module. The photovoltaic module comprises three cell string groups connected in series, each of the three cell string groups comprising four cell strings connected in parallel; the cell string comprises electrically connected cells, which are quarter cells cut from a whole cell; a length L1 of the cell is 182.3 mm, and a width L2 of the cell satisfies 46.675 mm ≤ L2 ≤ 53.25 mm.

[0005] In the embodiments, the cells in the photovoltaic module are cut into quarter cells, which are cut from a whole cell to reduce the cell area, thereby shortening the circuit on the cells and reducing the internal power loss of the cells, thus enabling an increase in the output power of the photovoltaic module. Furthermore, the photovoltaic module provided by the present disclosure, compared to the photovoltaic module with two cells connected in parallel and six in series, features a "cut-four-and-parallel-four" circuit arrangement. That is, the cell is a quarter cell cut from a whole cell, and each cell string group comprises four cell strings connected in parallel.This not only reduces the current in a single cell string and lowers the power loss of a single cell string, but also avoids the overall current of the photovoltaic module caused by the use of split cells, so that the overall current of the photovoltaic module of the embodiments of the present disclosure corresponds to that of a conventional photovoltaic module with two-part cells, thereby ensuring the overall power output of the photovoltaic module of the embodiments of the present disclosure. At the same time, the cell can have a length L1 of 182.3 mm and a width L2 within a range of 46.675 mm ≤ L2 ≤ 53.25 mm to ensure that the string length of the battery string formed from several cells can meet the creepage distance required by the photovoltaic module and to guarantee the normal use of the photovoltaic module.

[0006] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the number of solar cells in each cell string is the same.

[0007] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the four cell strands in each of the three cell strand groups are arranged in an arrangement along a longitudinal direction of the photovoltaic module and a lateral direction of the photovoltaic module.

[0008] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, two cell strings that are adjacent along the longitudinal direction of the photovoltaic module are electrically connected to each other via a first busbar; wherein the three cell string groups comprise a first cell string group, a second cell string group and a third cell string group; and the photovoltaic module further comprises a second busbar and a third busbar, wherein the first cell string group and the second cell string group are connected in series via the second busbar and the third busbar;and wherein, along the longitudinal direction of the photovoltaic module, the photovoltaic module further comprises a fourth busbar and a fifth busbar, wherein two ends of the third cell string group are each electrically connected to the fourth busbar and the fifth busbar, and both the fourth busbar and the fifth busbar are electrically connected to the first busbar, which is arranged in the first cell string group or in the second cell string group.

[0009] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, a first connecting wire is further provided between the second cell strand group and the third cell strand group, wherein the first connecting wire is electrically connected to the fourth busbar and the fifth busbar, and the first connecting wire is also electrically connected to the first busbar which is arranged in the second cell strand group.

[0010] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, a second connecting wire is further provided between the first cell string group and the second cell string group; and the second connecting wire is electrically connected to the second busbar and the third busbar; wherein the photovoltaic module further comprises a first bypass diode, a second bypass diode and a third bypass diode; and the first cell string group is connected to the first bypass diode in reverse parallel via the second connecting wire, the second cell string group is connected to the second bypass diode in reverse parallel via the second connecting wire, and the third cell string group is connected to the third bypass diode in reverse parallel via the first connecting wire.

[0011] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, a first insulating layer is provided between the first connecting wire and the cell, and a second insulating layer is provided between the second connecting wire and the cell.

[0012] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the surface area of ​​the first insulating layer is larger than the surface area of ​​the first connecting wire, and the surface area of ​​the second insulating layer is larger than the surface area of ​​the second connecting wire.

[0013] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, along a lateral direction of the photovoltaic module, a distance L3 between adjacent cell strings satisfies 1.4 mm ≤ L3 ≤ 1.6 mm; and along a longitudinal direction of the photovoltaic module, adjacent solar cells have an overlapping area, and a length L4 of the overlapping area satisfies 0.2 mm ≤ L4 ≤ 0.4 mm.

[0014] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the photovoltaic module further comprises electrode leads, and the busbar is electrically connected via the electrode leads to adjacent cell strings along the width direction of the photovoltaic module in each of the three cell string groups arranged along a thickness direction of the photovoltaic module on the same side of the solar cell.

[0015] It is understood that the general description provided above and the detailed description in the following text serve only to illustrate the application and do not restrict it. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this disclosure, the accompanying drawings used in these embodiments are briefly described below. The drawings described below represent only a portion of the embodiments of this disclosure. Based on these drawings, skilled persons can obtain further drawings without any creative effort. Fig. Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a photovoltaic module provided by some embodiments of the present disclosure; Fig. 2 is a schematic structure diagram of a Fig. 1 cell shown, which is provided by some embodiments of the present disclosure; Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a first cell strand, which is in Fig. 1 is shown and is provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure; Fig. Figure 4 shows a schematic structure diagram of a circuit of the photovoltaic module provided by some embodiments of the present disclosure; Fig. 5 is a sectional view of Fig. 1; Fig. Figure 6 is a schematic structure diagram of the second connecting wire and the first busbar, which are located in Fig. 1 are shown and are provided by some embodiments of the present disclosure; Fig. 7 is a top view of Fig. 6; Fig. Figure 8 is a structural diagram of the second connecting wire, which is in Fig. 6 is shown and is provided by some embodiments of the present disclosure; Fig. 9 is a schematic structure diagram of the second connecting wire, which is in Fig. 6 is shown and is provided by some embodiments of the present disclosure; Fig. 10 is a structural diagram of the second connecting wire, which is in Fig. 6 is shown and is provided by some embodiments of the present disclosure; Fig. 11 is a schematic structure diagram of the first connecting wire and the first busbar, which are in Fig. 6 are shown and are provided by some embodiments of the present disclosure; and Fig. 12 is a schematic structure diagram of the first connecting wire and the first busbar, which are in Fig. 6 are shown and are provided by some embodiments of the present disclosure. Reference symbol: 1 photovoltaic module; 11 first group of cells; 12 second cell strand group; 13 third cell strand group; 14 cell strands; 15 cells; 16 first busbar; 161 End of connection; 17 second busbar; 18 third busbar; 19 fourth busbar; 20 fifth busbar; 21 first connecting wire; 22 second connecting wire; 221 Connecting wire; 23 first bypass diode; 24 second bypass diode; 25 third bypass diode; 26 Electrode leads; 27 first insulating layer; 28 second insulating layer. DESCRIPTION OF THE EXECUTION FORMS

[0017] To better understand the technical solutions of the present disclosure, the embodiments of the present disclosure are described in detail with reference to the drawings.

[0018] It should be clear that the described embodiments represent only a portion of the embodiments of the present disclosure and do not encompass all embodiments. All other embodiments that can be obtained by persons skilled in the art without creative effort fall within the scope of protection of the present disclosure.

[0019] The terms used in the embodiments of the present disclosure serve only to describe a particular embodiment and not to limit the present disclosure. The terms "a", "an", "the", and "the aforementioned" in the singular, in the embodiment of the present disclosure and the appended claims, are also intended to include their plural forms, unless otherwise specified.

[0020] It is understood that the term "and / or," used in connection with the present revelation, describes a correlational relationship between related objects and indicates that there can be three relationships; for example, A and / or B can mean only A, both A and B, and only B. Furthermore, the symbol " / " generally signifies that the relationship between the objects before and after the " / " is an "or" relationship.

[0021] A photovoltaic module can convert light energy into electrical energy using crystalline silicon PN junction semiconductors and can be widely used in large-scale ground-based power plants, on rooftops, ships, in aviation, and other applications. The photovoltaic module comprises multiple cell strings connected in series and parallel. In a conventional photovoltaic module, six cell strings are typically connected in series to form a cell string group, and then two cell string groups are connected in parallel (i.e., two in parallel and six in series). The cell within the cell string is a half-cell, formed by cutting a whole cell. The surface area of ​​the cell in the photovoltaic module is relatively large, and the internal power loss of the cell during operation is significant, resulting in a reduction in the overall power output of the photovoltaic module.

[0022] To solve the aforementioned technical problems, the present disclosure, as set forth in Fig. Figure 1 shows a photovoltaic module 1. The photovoltaic module 1 can comprise three cell string groups connected in series, each of which comprises four cell strings 14 connected in parallel. The cell string 14 comprises several electrically connected cells 15, which are quarter cells cut from a whole cell.

[0023] In this embodiment, the solar cell 15 in the photovoltaic module 1 is cut into quarter cells 15 by slicing the entire solar cell into quarter cells 15 to reduce the area of ​​the solar cell 15, thus shortening the circuit on the solar cell 15 and reducing the internal power loss of the solar cell 15, thereby improving the output power of the photovoltaic module 1. Compared to the two-parallel-six-strand photovoltaic module mentioned above, the photovoltaic module 1 provided in the embodiments of the present disclosure uses a cut-four-and-parallel-four circuit design (i.e., the cell 15 is a quarter cell 15 cut from a whole cell, and each cell string group comprises four cell strings 14 connected in parallel).This not only reduces the current in a single cell string 14 and lowers the power loss of a single cell string 14, but also avoids the total current of the photovoltaic module 1 caused by the use of cut cells 15, so that the total current of the photovoltaic module 1 of the embodiments of the present disclosure corresponds to that of a conventional photovoltaic module with two-part cells, thereby ensuring the total power of the photovoltaic module 1 of the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0024] In comparison to the conventional photovoltaic module, which is designed with a circuit with two parallel six-strings, in the photovoltaic module 1 of the present disclosure the current in a single cell string 14 is half the current in a single cell string of the conventional photovoltaic module, so that the power loss of a single cell string 14 is reduced by 3 / 4 and the total power of the photovoltaic module 1 is increased by at least 5 watts.

[0025] The types of cells 15 in the embodiments of the present disclosure include, but are not limited to, passivated emission electrode backside cells (PERC), tunnel oxide passivated contact (TOPCON), heterojunctions with intrinsic thin film (HIT), backside contacts (BC), perovskite solar cells (PSC), etc. There is no restriction regarding the cell types in the photovoltaic module 1 in this embodiment.

[0026] In the BC cell, an emitting electrode, a surface field, and a metal electrode are all arranged on the back of the cell, with a cross-marking distribution. The front of the cell is coated with a SiNx / SiOx bilayer antireflection passivation layer, so that the front of the cell is not blocked by the metal electrode and the cell can capture more incident light, thereby reducing optical losses and improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency.

[0027] In the TOPCon cell, the cell comprises, sequentially along its thickness direction, a metal-silver electrode, a front-surface silicon nitride passivation layer, a boron-doped emission electrode, an N-type base silicon layer, a diffusion-doped layer, ultrathin silicon oxide, doped polycrystalline silicon, silicon nitride, and a metal-silver electrode. The back side of the cell consists of an ultrathin silicon oxide layer (1 nm to 2 nm) and a layer of phosphorus-doped microcrystalline amorphous mixed silicon film, which together form a passive contact structure. This structure can block minority carrier recombination and improve the cell's open-circuit voltage and short-circuit current. The ultrathin oxide layer allows majority carrier electrons to tunnel into the polycrystalline silicon layer while blocking minority carrier hole recombination.The excellent passivation effect of ultrathin silicon oxide and heavily doped silicon film causes the surface energy bands of silicon wafers to bend, thus creating a field passivation effect. The probability of electron tunneling increases significantly, the contact resistance decreases, and the open-circuit voltage and short-circuit current of the cell are improved, thereby increasing the cell's conversion efficiency.

[0028] In the direction of its thickness, the HIT cell successively comprises a front low-temperature silver electrode, a front conductive film, an N-type amorphous silicon film, an intrinsic amorphous silicon film, an N-type base silicon layer, an intrinsic amorphous silicon film, a P-type amorphous silicon film, a rear conductive film, and a rear low-temperature silver electrode.

[0029] Along its thickness, the PERC cell comprises, sequentially, a front surface metal-silver electrode, a front surface silicon nitride passivation layer, a phosphor emission electrode, a P-type base silicon layer, a local aluminum back field, a rear metal-aluminum electrode, and a rear passivation layer (Al₂O₃ / SiNₓ). The PERC cell uses a passivation film to passivate the back surface by replacing the all-aluminum back field, improving internal back-reflection of light on the silicon substrate, reducing the back-surface recombination rate, and increasing the cell's efficiency by 0.5% to 1%.

[0030] In a PSC cell, the perovskite cell comprises, sequentially along its thickness, a substrate material, a conductive thin film, an electron transport layer (titanium dioxide), a perovskite absorption layer (hole transport layer), and a metal cathode. The perovskite material has a high light absorption coefficient and a long charge carrier diffusion distance. The photons absorbed by the perovskite are converted into electrons, which can be easily collected by the electrode with minimal loss. Therefore, it can generate a high photovoltaic voltage and a high photovoltaic current, giving perovskite a high photoelectric conversion efficiency.

[0031] In the above embodiments, as in Fig. 1 and Fig. As shown in Figure 2, the length L1 of cell 15 can be 182.3 mm, and the width L2 of cell 15 can be 46.675 mm ≤ L2 ≤ 53.25 mm, so that the string length of the cell string 14 formed from several cells 15 can meet the required creepage distance of the photovoltaic module 1, thus ensuring the normal use of the photovoltaic module 1.

[0032] Photovoltaic module 1 can, among other things, comprise a photovoltaic module 1 of the first type with a length of 2382 mm and a width of 1134 mm, or a photovoltaic module 1 of the second type with a length of 2278 mm and a width of 1134 mm. The size of cell 15 in photovoltaic module 1 of the first type can be L1 = 182.3 mm and L2 = 53.25 mm. The size of cell 15 in photovoltaic module 1 of the second type can be L1 = 182.3 mm and L2 = 46.675 mm.

[0033] As in Fig. 1 and Fig. As shown in Figure 3, in some embodiments of the present disclosure, two adjacent cell strings 14 are electrically connected along the longitudinal direction X of the photovoltaic module 1 via a first busbar 16. The three cell string groups comprise a first cell string group 11, a second cell string group 12, and a third cell string group 13.

[0034] The photovoltaic module 1 further comprises a second busbar 17 and a third busbar 18. The first cell string group 11 and the second cell string group 12 are connected in series along the longitudinal direction X of the photovoltaic module 1 via the second busbar 17 and the third busbar 18. The photovoltaic module 1 further comprises a fourth busbar 19 and a fifth busbar 20. The two ends of the third cell string group 13 are electrically connected to the fourth busbar 19 and the fifth busbar 20, respectively, and both the fourth busbar 19 and the fifth busbar 20 are electrically connected to the first busbar 16, which is located in the first cell string group 11 or in the second cell string group 12.

[0035] In some embodiments, a second busbar 17 and a third busbar 18 are provided along the longitudinal direction X of the photovoltaic module 1 at both ends of the first cell string group 11 and the second cell string group 12, so that the two ends of the first cell string group 11 and the second cell string group 12 are electrically connected to the second busbar 17 and the third busbar 18 respectively, thereby achieving the series connection of the first cell string group 11 and the second cell string group 12.Along the longitudinal direction X of the photovoltaic module 1, the fourth busbar 19 and the fifth busbar 20, which are arranged at both ends of the third cell string group 13, are electrically connected to the first busbar 16, which is located in the first cell string group 11 or the second cell string group 12, thereby achieving the series connection of the first cell string group 11, the second cell string group 12 and the third cell string group 13.

[0036] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, as in Fig. 1 and Fig. As shown in Figure 3, a first connecting wire 21 is also provided between the second cell string group 12 and the third cell string group 13. The first connecting wire 21 is electrically connected to the fourth busbar 19 and the fifth busbar 20 and is also electrically connected to the first busbar 16, which is located in the second cell string group 12 of the cell.

[0037] In this embodiment, a first connecting wire 21 is provided between the second cell strand group 12 and the third cell strand group 13 to electrically connect the fourth busbar 19 and the fifth busbar 20, and the first connecting wire is also electrically connected to the first busbar 16, which is arranged in the first cell strand group 11, thereby achieving a series connection between the third cell strand group 13 and the second cell strand group 12 and thus a series connection between the first cell strand group 11, the second cell strand group 12 and the third cell strand group 13.

[0038] As in Fig. 1 and Fig. As shown in Figure 3, in some embodiments of the present disclosure, a second connecting wire 22 is also provided between the first cell string group 11 and the second cell string group 12. The second connecting wire 22 electrically connects the second busbar 17 and the third busbar 18. The photovoltaic module 1 further comprises a first bypass diode 23, a second bypass diode 24, and a third bypass diode 25. The first cell string group 11 is connected to the first bypass diode 23 in reverse parallel via the second connecting wire 22, the second cell string group 12 is connected to the second bypass diode 24 in reverse parallel via the second connecting wire 22, and the third cell string group 13 is connected to the third bypass diode 25 in reverse parallel via the first connecting wire.

[0039] In this embodiment, a second connecting wire 22 is provided between the first cell string group 11 and the second cell string group 12 to electrically connect the second busbar 17 and the third busbar 18, so that the first bypass diode 23 can be connected to the first cell string group 11 via the second connecting wire 22 in reverse parallel (i.e., the first bypass diode 23 is connected in parallel to the first cell string group 11, but with opposite polarity). If cell 15 on any cell string 14 in the first cell string group 11 is blocked or has a fault, a hot-spot effect occurs (i.e., some cells in the photovoltaic module have a short circuit due to blockage, fragmentation, etc.).(a short-circuit current which is smaller than the operating current of the module, causing these cells to be locked and consume energy generated in other areas), the first bypass diode 23 can form a forward voltage so that the current can bypass the blocked or defective cell string 14 and flow through the first bypass diode 23 without affecting the normal current generation of other cell string groups 11.

[0040] The second cell string group 12 is connected via the second connecting wire 22 in reverse parallel to the second bypass diode 24 of the second cell string 14 (i.e., the second bypass diode 24 is connected in parallel to the second cell string group 12, but with opposite polarity). If cell 15 on any cell string 14 in the second cell string group 12 is blocked or defective, a hot-spot effect occurs, whereby the second bypass diode 24 can form a forward bias, allowing current to bypass the blocked or defective cell string 14 and flow through the second bypass diode 24 without affecting the normal current generation of other cell strings 14 in the second cell string group 12.

[0041] Meanwhile, the third cell string group 13 is connected via the second connecting wire 22 in reverse parallel to the third bypass diode 25 (i.e., the third bypass diode 25 is connected in parallel to the third cell string group 13, but with opposite polarity). If cell 15 on any cell string 14 in the third cell string group 13 is blocked or faulty, a hot-spot effect occurs, whereby the third bypass diode 25 can generate a forward voltage, allowing current to bypass the blocked or faulty cell string 14 and flow through the third bypass diode 25 without affecting the normal current generation of other cell strings 14 in the third cell string group 13.

[0042] The first connecting wire 21 and the second connecting wire 22 can be connected to the busbar by soldering, but are not limited to soldering.

[0043] As in Fig. 1 and Fig. As shown in Figure 3, in some embodiments of the present disclosure the number of cells 15 in each cell string 14 is the same, so that the number of cells 15 in the three cell string groups is the same and thus the number of cells 15 protected by the three bypass diodes is the same, which can improve the operational stability of the three bypass diodes and enhance the protective effect of the three bypass diodes for the photovoltaic module 1.

[0044] Since, in this embodiment, the first and second connecting wires function as electrical connections, they are typically made of conductive materials. During assembly of the photovoltaic module, the distance between adjacent cell string groups is relatively small. The surface area of ​​the first and second connecting wires is generally larger than the distance between the connected cell string groups, which means that the first or second connecting wire overlaps part of the cell structure when positioned on the photovoltaic module. Direct contact between the first or second connecting wire and the cells can cause a short circuit, impairing the normal operation of the photovoltaic module.

[0045] To solve the aforementioned technical problems, as described in Fig. 1 and Fig. Figure 3 shows that in this embodiment, a first insulating layer 27 is provided between the first connecting wire 21 and the cell 15, and a second insulating layer 28 is provided between the second connecting wire 22 and the cell 15. The first connecting wire 21 and the cell 15, as well as the second connecting wire 22 and the cell 15, can be separated from each other by applying the first insulating layer 27 and the second insulating layer 28, thereby preventing short-circuit phenomena and improving the safety of the photovoltaic module 1.

[0046] In this embodiment, the surface area of ​​the first insulating layer 27 is larger than the space between adjacent cells 15, so that part of the structure of the first insulating layer 27 can abut the cells 15, thereby supporting the first insulating layer 27. The surface area of ​​the second insulating layer 28 is larger than the space between adjacent cells 15, so that part of the structure of the second insulating layer 28 can abut the cells 15, thus providing support for the second insulating layer 28.

[0047] Simultaneously, the surface area of ​​the first insulating layer 27 can be larger than the surface area of ​​the first connecting wire 21, and the surface area of ​​the second insulating layer 28 can be larger than the surface area of ​​the second connecting wire 22. By increasing the surface area of ​​the first insulating layer 27 compared to the surface area of ​​the first connecting wire 21, the separating effect of the first insulating layer 27 on the first connecting wire 21 and the cells 15 can be further improved, and by making the surface area of ​​the second insulating layer 28 larger than the surface area of ​​the second connecting wire 22, the separating effect of the second insulating layer 28 on the second connecting wire 22 and the cells 15 can be further improved, thereby significantly improving the safety of the photovoltaic module 1.

[0048] In each of the above-mentioned embodiments, as in Fig. 1 and Fig. As shown in Figure 4, the distance L3 between adjacent cell string groups 14 along the lateral direction Y of the photovoltaic module 1 is 1.4 mm ≤ L3 ≤ 1.6 mm to prevent the cells 14 from slipping during assembly or transport of the photovoltaic module 1, which could cause the connected cell string groups 14 to collide and be damaged. The specific value of the distance L3 between adjacent cell string groups 14 can be 1.4 mm, 1.5 mm, 1.6 mm, etc.

[0049] In each of the above-mentioned embodiments, as in Fig. As shown in Figure 5, along the lateral direction Y of the photovoltaic module, the width L5 of the first connecting wire 21 and the second connecting wire 22 is 4 mm ≤ L5 ≤ 8 mm, thereby improving the discharge capacity of the first connecting wire 21 and the second connecting wire 22 and avoiding excessive overlap between the first connecting wire 21 / the second connecting wire 22 and the cells 15, which would impair the lamination process. The specific value of L5 can be 4 mm, 6 mm, 8 mm, etc.Along the thickness direction Z of the photovoltaic module, the thickness L7 of the first connecting wire 21 and the second connecting wire 22 must be between 0.15 mm and 0.4 mm to prevent the first connecting wire 21 and the second connecting wire 22 from protruding excessively due to excessive thickness. Excessive thickness would increase the likelihood of the first connecting wire 21 and the second connecting wire 22 compressing the cells 15 during the lamination process and damaging them. The specific value of L7 can be 0.15 mm, 0.25 mm, 0.4 mm, etc.

[0050] In the lateral direction Y of the photovoltaic module, the width L6 of the first insulating layer 27 and the second insulating layer 28 must be between 8 mm ≤ L6 ≤ 18 mm. This allows the insulating layers to completely separate the connecting wires from the photovoltaic cells 15, increasing the safety of the photovoltaic module. The greater width of the insulating layers also allows for larger contact areas with the photovoltaic cells 15, improving the installation stability and reliability of the insulating layers. The specific values ​​of L6 can be 8 mm, 12 mm, 15 mm, 18 mm, etc. In the thickness direction Z of the photovoltaic module, the thickness L8 of the first insulating layer 27 and the second insulating layer 28 must be between 0.15 mm ≤ L8 ≤ 0.25 mm. This prevents the influence of excessive insulating layer thickness on the lamination process while still achieving the required insulation performance.The specific values ​​of L8 can be 0.15 mm, 0.20 mm, 0.25 mm, etc.

[0051] In the above embodiments, as in Fig. 6 and Fig. As shown in Figure 7, the first busbar 16 is further provided with a terminal end 161 that is perpendicular to the first busbar 16, and the terminal end 161 has an L-shaped form relative to the first busbar 16. A terminal line 221 is also located on the second connecting wire 22, perpendicular to the second connecting wire 22, and the first bypass diode and the second bypass diode are each arranged on either side of the terminal line 221 along the lateral direction Y of the photovoltaic module and are all connected to the terminal end 161. The terminal lines 221 can have three layout configurations, as shown in Figure 7. Fig. 8 to Fig. 10 shown.

[0052] In the above embodiments, as in Fig. 11 and Fig. As shown in Figure 12, the first connecting wire 21 is electrically connected to the first busbar 16 in the second cell string group to achieve series connection of the third cell string group and the second cell string group. The terminal end 161 of the first busbar 16 in the second cell string group has two configurations. In particular:

[0053] The first arrangement is in Fig. Figure 11 shows that the first busbar 16 and the connection end 161 in the second cell string group form a single, integral structure. Along the thickness direction Z of the photovoltaic module, the first connecting wire 21 is arranged on the top side of the first busbar 16 and rests against the side wall of the connection end 161.

[0054] The second arrangement is in Fig. Figure 12 shows the first busbar 16 and the connection end 161 in the second cell string group forming a separate structure. Along the thickness direction Z of the photovoltaic module, the first connecting wire 21 is arranged between the connection end 161 and the first busbar 16.

[0055] In the above embodiments, a third bypass diode is electrically connected between two adjacent terminal ends 161.

[0056] Along the longitudinal direction X of the photovoltaic module 1, there is an overlap zone between adjacent cells 15 in the cell string 14, allowing more cells 15 to be placed in the cell string 14 and thus improving the efficiency of the cell string 14. The length L4 of the overlap zone must be between 0.2 mm ≤ L4 ≤ 0.4 mm; for example, L4 can be 0.2 mm, 0.3 mm, 0.4 mm, etc. L4 should be neither too large nor too small. If it is too small, the overlap zone between adjacent cells 15 along the longitudinal direction X of the photovoltaic module 1 will be too small, making it impossible to add more cells 15 to the cell string 14, resulting in only a slight improvement in the efficiency of the cell string 14.If it is too large, the overlap area between adjacent cells 15 along the longitudinal direction X of the photovoltaic module 1 is too large, resulting in a large area of ​​mutual obstruction between the cells 15, which has little effect on the efficiency improvement of the cell string 14 and may even lead to a reduction in the efficiency of the cell string 14.

[0057] In the above embodiments, as in Fig. 1 and Fig. As shown in Figure 4, the photovoltaic module 1 further comprises an electrode conductor 26. The cells 15 and the busbar are electrically connected via the electrode conductor 26. The electrode conductors 26 on the adjacent cell strings 15 along the lateral direction Y of the photovoltaic module 1 in the cell string group are provided on the same side of the cells 15 along the thickness direction of the photovoltaic module 1, so that the adjacent cell strings 14 along the lateral direction Y of the photovoltaic module 1 in the cell string group are connected in parallel, thereby reducing the current in a single cell string 14, decreasing the power loss of a single cell string 14 and improving the overall power of the photovoltaic module 1.

[0058] In the above-mentioned embodiment, as in Fig. 1 and Fig.As shown in Figure 4, the four battery strings 14 in the cell string group can be arranged in an arrangement along the longitudinal direction X and the lateral direction Y of the photovoltaic module 1, so that the form size of the photovoltaic module 1 in this embodiment is the same as that of the conventional module, which means that the photovoltaic module 1 in this embodiment can be manufactured or assembled without special processes or steps and reduces the difficulty of manufacturing or assembly.

[0059] The above are merely exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, which, as mentioned above, do not serve to limit the present disclosure. Any modification, equivalent substitution, improvement, etc., falls within the scope of protection of the present disclosure.

Claims

[1] Photovoltaic module (1) comprising three cell string groups connected in series, wherein each of the three cell strand groups comprises four parallel cell strands (14); a cell strand comprising the four cell strands (14) cells (15) that are electrically connected to each other and that are quarter cells (15) formed by cutting a whole cell (15); and a length of the cell (15) is represented as L1 and a width of the cell (15) as L2, where 46.675 mm ≤ L2 ≤ 53.25 mm. [2] Photovoltaic module (1) according to claim 1, wherein the number of solar cells (15) in each cell string (14) is the same. [3] Photovoltaic module (1) according to claim 2, wherein the four cell strings (14) in each of the three cell string groups are arranged in an arrangement along a longitudinal direction of the photovoltaic module (1) and a transverse direction of the photovoltaic module (1). [4] Photovoltaic module (1) according to claim 3, wherein two cell strings (14) which are adjacent along the longitudinal direction of the photovoltaic module (1) are electrically connected to each other via a first busbar (16); wherein the three cell string groups comprise a first cell string group (11), a second cell string group (12) and a third cell string group (13); and the photovoltaic module (1) further comprises a second busbar (17) and a third busbar (18), wherein the first cell string group (11) and the second cell string group (12) are connected in series via the second busbar (17) and the third busbar (18); and wherein the photovoltaic module (1) further comprises a fourth busbar (19) and a fifth busbar (20), and along the longitudinal direction of the photovoltaic module (1) the two ends of the third cell string group (13) are each electrically connected to the fourth busbar (19) and the fifth busbar (20), and each of the fourth busbar (19) and the fifth busbar (20) is electrically connected to the first busbar (16) which is arranged in the first cell string group (11) or in the second cell string group (12). [5] Photovoltaic module (1) according to claim 4, wherein a first connecting wire (21) is additionally provided between the second cell string group (12) and the third cell string group (13), wherein the first connecting wire (21) is electrically connected to the fourth busbar (19) and the fifth busbar (20) and the first connecting wire (21) is also electrically connected to the first busbar (16) which is arranged in the second cell string group (12). [6] Photovoltaic module (1) according to claim 5, wherein a second connecting wire (22) is provided between the first cell string group (11) and the second cell string group (12); and the second connecting wire (22) is electrically connected to the second busbar (17) and the third busbar (18); wherein the photovoltaic module (1) further comprises a first bypass diode (23), a second bypass diode (24) and a third bypass diode (25); and the first cell string group (11) is connected via the second connecting wire (22) in reverse parallel connection to the first bypass diode (23), the second cell string group (12) is connected via the second connecting wire (22) in reverse parallel connection to the second bypass diode (24), and the third cell string group (13) is connected via the first connecting wire (21) in reverse parallel connection to the third bypass diode (25). [7] Photovoltaic module (1) according to claim 6, wherein the first busbar (16) is further provided with a connection end (161) which is arranged perpendicular to the first busbar (16) and the connection end (161) is L-shaped relative to the first busbar (16). [8] Photovoltaic module (1) according to claim 7, wherein the first busbar (16) and the connection end (161) in the second cell string group form a one-piece structure and the first connecting wire 21 is arranged on the top of the first busbar 16 along a thickness direction Z of the photovoltaic module and is located against the side wall of the connection end (161). [9] Photovoltaic module (1) according to claim 7, wherein the first busbar (16) and the terminal end (161) are separated from each other in the second cell string group and the first connecting wire (21) is arranged along a thickness direction Z of the photovoltaic module between the terminal end (161) and the first busbar (16). [10] Photovoltaic module (1) according to claim 6, wherein a first insulating layer (27) is provided between the first connecting wire (21) and the cell (15) and a second insulating layer is provided between the second connecting wire (22) and the cell (15). [11] Photovoltaic module (1) according to claim 10, wherein a surface area of ​​the first insulating layer is larger than a surface area of ​​the first connecting wire (21) and a surface area of ​​the second insulating layer is larger than a surface area of ​​the second connecting wire (22). [12] Photovoltaic module (1) according to claim 1, wherein along a width direction of the photovoltaic module (1) a distance L3 between adjacent cell strings (14) satisfies 1.4 mm ≤ L3 ≤ 1.6 mm; and along a length direction of the photovoltaic module (1) adjacent solar cells (15) have an overlap area and a length L4 of the overlap area satisfies 0.2 mm ≤ L4 ≤ 0.4 mm. [13] Photovoltaic module (1) according to claim 1, which further comprises electrode leads (26), wherein the solar cell (15) and the busbar are electrically connected to each other via the electrode leads (26) and the electrode leads (26) are arranged on adjacent cell strings (14) along a width direction of the photovoltaic module (1) in each of the three cell string groups on the same side of the solar cell (15) along a thickness direction of the photovoltaic module (1). [14] Photovoltaic module (1) according to claim 6, wherein along the width direction Y of the photovoltaic module a width L5 of the first connecting wire (21) and of the second connecting wire (22) is 4 mm ≤ L5 ≤ 8 mm. [15] Photovoltaic module (1) according to claim 10, wherein along the width direction Y of the photovoltaic module a width L6 of the first insulating layer (27) and of the second insulating layer 28 satisfies 8 mm ≤ L6 ≤ 18 mm.

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