Building protection element

Abstract

Building protection element for covering surfaces at risk of damage, in particular flat roof waterproofing, wherein the building protection element (1) is formed by a plate-shaped element made of a dimensionally stable plastic, which has a bottom surface (1.1) that can be placed on the surface at risk of damage and a walkable top surface (1.2) opposite the bottom surface (1.1), wherein a drainage layer (2) is provided on the bottom surface (1.1) which has a system structure (3) with a plurality of planar system areas (3.1) which are spaced apart from each other in a system plane (AE) and which, after being placed on the surface at risk of damage, come into contact with this surface, wherein a protective layer (4) is provided on the top surface (1.2) of the plate-shaped element, which comprises a grid structure (5) with a plurality of intersecting webs (5.1), wherein the intersecting webs (5.1) are designed to form a shock- and cut-resistant, but water-permeable layer spaced apart from the area at risk of damage by the system structure, wherein the system structure (3) is a structure designed differently compared to the grid structure (5) of the protective layer (4).

Description

[0001] The innovation concerns a building protection element and an arrangement comprising at least two building protection elements and at least one connecting element.

[0002] It is generally known that during the construction phase, areas of a building must be protected using appropriate measures. This applies particularly to areas of the building that are subject to high loads or where there is a high risk of damage during construction. Flat roof waterproofing is one example. During construction, this is often exposed or largely exposed and is walked on. In particular, construction work is carried out on the flat roof. Falling objects, cutting work, or other impacts on the flat roof waterproofing can cause damage that may initially go unnoticed. After construction is complete, however, this damage can lead to leaks, the repair of which results in high subsequent costs.

[0003] To protect such areas, it is known, for example, to lay down building protection mats on the flat roof waterproofing.

[0004] These types of protective mats have the disadvantage that they lie flat against the surface they are meant to protect, thus hindering water drainage. Furthermore, these mats tend to be lifted and blown away by the wind, which can lead to serious damage to surrounding objects. Common protective mats are made of rubber granules and therefore offer only limited protection against impacts and cuts.

[0005] Based on this, the task of the innovation is to specify a building protection element that has a high protective effect with regard to impact and cut effects, still allows water to run off the area to be protected and also has a high resistance to wind loads.

[0006] The problem is solved by a building protection element according to the features of claim 1. Advantageous embodiments are the subject of the dependent claims.

[0007] The innovation relates to a building protection element for covering surfaces susceptible to damage, particularly flat roof waterproofing. The building protection element consists of a plate-shaped component made of dimensionally stable plastic, featuring a bottom surface that rests on the surface at risk of damage and a walkable top surface opposite the bottom surface.

[0008] A drainage layer is provided on the underside, comprising a system structure with numerous flat areas arranged at intervals within a single plane. These areas, once placed on the surface at risk of damage, are positioned opposite that surface. A protective layer is provided on the top side of the plate-shaped element, consisting of a grid structure with numerous intersecting ribs. These intersecting ribs are designed to form a water-permeable, impact- and cut-resistant layer, separated from the surface at risk of damage by the system structure. The system structure differs from the grid structure of the protective layer. Specifically, the flat areas are not formed, or not solely formed, by ribs that define the grid mesh of the protective layer.

[0009] The key advantage of this building protection element is that, despite the protective effect provided by the protective layer, the drainage layer allows water to continue flowing beneath it, thus preventing any waterlogging. Furthermore, the drainage layer and the grid-like protective layer make the building protection element air- and water-permeable, which increases its wind resistance, as this permeability significantly reduces the risk of it being lifted by gusts of wind.

[0010] According to one embodiment, the protective layer has perforations with a grid pattern whose opening size, measured parallel to the plane of the system, is smaller than the spacing between the adjacent flat areas. This results in a relatively dense mesh of the protective layer, thus achieving a high level of protection. The drainage layer, on the other hand, is highly permeable due to the larger spacing between the flat areas, allowing water flowing across the surface to be protected to drain away easily. This also allows for material savings and thus a reduction in the weight of the building protection element.

[0011] According to one embodiment, the dimensions of the planar contact areas measured in the contact plane are larger than the web width of the lattice structure. This results in relatively large contact areas in the contact plane and largely avoids point loads on the area to be protected.

[0012] According to one embodiment, the flat contact areas in the contact plane have a rounded, in particular circular, cross-section. This avoids corners on the flat contact areas, which would increase the risk of damage to the surface to be protected.

[0013] According to one embodiment, the flat contact areas are each formed by cup-shaped structures. Each cup-shaped structure has a base area whose underside lies in the contact plane. The cup-shaped structure also has an opening on its upper side, facing away from this base area. This allows the contact areas to be designed with minimal material requirements and low weight, yet with high stability.

[0014] According to one embodiment, the cup-shaped structure has at least one opening in its base. This ensures that water flowing into the cup-shaped structure does not accumulate but can drain away at the bottom.

[0015] According to one embodiment, the planar contact areas are distributed across the surface of the building protection element, in particular arranged in a regularly distributed manner. This allows for the most uniform force distribution possible.

[0016] According to one embodiment, the grid structure has a grid of main webs that are spaced further apart than the secondary webs. The main webs extend at least partially into the drainage layer and form at least a partial component of the system structure lying in the plane of the installation. This allows for greater stability of the grid structure.

[0017] According to one embodiment, the main ribs in the drainage layer have recesses to form fluid passages. This allows water flowing on the area to be protected to drain away even under the main ribs.

[0018] According to one embodiment, planar contact areas, in particular cup-shaped structures, are provided at the intersection points of the main webs. This allows for advantageous force transmission from the robust main webs of the lattice structure into the planar contact areas.

[0019] According to one embodiment, the secondary walkways do not extend into the drainage layer. This results in high permeability of the drainage layer, which promotes the flow of water from the area to be protected and increases resistance to wind loads.

[0020] According to one embodiment, the grid structure has a non-slip surface on its upper side. This ensures that the building protection element is safe to walk on.

[0021] According to one embodiment, the anti-slip structure is formed by rib-shaped material projections. These material projections can be easily produced using injection molding and offer sufficiently good slip resistance.

[0022] According to one embodiment, the anti-slip structure is provided on the upper surface of the main webs of the grid structure. This allows for advantageous force transmission into the areas of the grid structure that exhibit high stability.

[0023] According to one embodiment, the protective layer has a height, measured perpendicular to the surface, in the range of 5 mm to 12 mm, preferably between 7 mm and 10 mm, and in particular 8 mm or 9 mm. This allows for a high level of protection while simultaneously limiting material requirements and weight.

[0024] According to one embodiment, the drainage layer has a height, measured perpendicular to the installation plane, of between 4 mm and 10 mm, preferably between 5 mm and 9 mm, and in particular 6 mm or 7 mm. This ensures sufficiently good flowability and permeability of the building protection element, which significantly reduces the lifting of the building protection element by wind.

[0025] According to one embodiment, the system structure has an edge area with system sections arranged along the edge of the building protection element. These edge-mounted system sections are designed as flat sections at the corners of the building protection element. Between these flat sections at the corners, web-shaped system sections with fluid passages are provided. This allows for the largest possible force transmission into the area to be protected, even in the edge area.

[0026] According to one embodiment, recesses are provided in the edge areas of the building protection element into which connecting elements for joining adjacent building protection elements can be inserted. This allows several building protection elements to be joined and connected to each other at their edges.

[0027] According to one embodiment, a connecting element, with which two building protection elements are joined, lies with its underside in the plane of contact. This means that the building protection elements also bear against the surface to be protected via the underside of the connecting element, which further improves the even distribution of force into the surface being protected.

[0028] According to one embodiment, the corner areas of the building protection element and the areas of the system structure lying in the plane of the installation have rounded corners. This further reduces the risk of damage to the surface being protected.

[0029] According to one embodiment, the plastic is HDPE or LDPE. These plastics are dimensionally stable and impact-resistant. They are therefore well suited to achieving the desired protective effect of the building protection element.

[0030] According to one embodiment, the plastic contains a UV stabilizer. This ensures that the building protection element has high long-term stability.

[0031] According to one embodiment, the plastic is plasticizer-free. This offers the advantage that no plasticizers can diffuse from the building protection element into the surface to be protected, which is particularly advantageous for flat roof waterproofing, since plastic films used in flat roof waterproofing can be affected by plasticizers.

[0032] According to one embodiment, the building protection element has an edge length between 30 cm and 50 cm, particularly 40 cm. This makes the building protection element easy to handle. Furthermore, surfaces of varying sizes and shapes can be protected almost completely without requiring multiple sizes of building protection elements.

[0033] According to a further aspect, an arrangement comprising at least two building protection elements according to one of the preceding embodiments and at least one connecting element is disclosed. The connecting element is designed to be inserted into receptacles of the building protection elements, thereby connecting the building protection elements firmly but detachably to one another. Insertion preferably occurs from below, but in other embodiments can also be carried out from above.

[0034] According to one embodiment of the arrangement, two connecting elements are provided between each pair of directly adjoining building protection elements. This allows for a spatially distributed, secure linking of the adjacent building protection elements.

[0035] The terms “approximately”, “essentially” or “about” mean, within the meaning of the invention, deviations from the respective exact value by + / - 10%, preferably by + / - 5% and / or deviations in the form of changes that are insignificant for the function.

[0036] Further developments, advantages, and application possibilities of the innovation also arise from the following description of exemplary embodiments and from the figures. All described and / or illustrated features, individually or in any combination, are fundamentally the subject of the innovation, irrespective of their inclusion in the claims or their cross-reference. The content of the claims is also incorporated into the description.

[0037] The innovation is explained in more detail below using figures illustrating exemplary implementations. These figures show: Fig. 1. An exemplary embodiment of a building protection element in a top-side perspective view; Fig. 2. For example, the building protection element according to Fig. 1 in a perspective view from below; Fig. 3. An example of a detailed representation of the upper corner area of ​​the building protection element; Fig. 4. An example of a detailed representation of the underside corner area of ​​the building protection element; Fig. 5. An exemplary embodiment of a connecting element for coupling two building protection elements in a perspective view from below; Fig. 6. An exemplary embodiment of a connecting element for coupling two building protection elements in a top-side perspective view; Fig. 7. An example is a cross-sectional view of a section of two building protection elements that are coupled together by means of a connecting element; Fig. 8. For example, a top-view perspective drawing of an arrangement of two building protection elements that are coupled to each other by means of two connecting elements; and Fig. 9. An example is a perspective view from below of an arrangement of two building protection elements that are coupled together by means of two connecting elements.

[0038] Fig. Figure 1 shows a perspective view of the top surface 1.2 of a building protection element 1 and Fig. Figure 2 shows a perspective view of the underside 1.1 of this building protection element 1. The building protection element 1 is a flat, plate-shaped element designed to be placed on a surface to be protected, thereby preventing damage to this surface, for example, from impacts, cuts, etc. The surface to be protected by the building protection element 1 can, in particular, be a flat roof waterproofing membrane, which may be damaged by impacts or cuts that could lead to leaks in the flat roof.

[0039] The protective element 1 is formed in one piece from a dimensionally stable plastic that has impact-resistant properties and is therefore shock-resistant. Furthermore, the protective element 1 is dimensioned in such a way that it cannot be cut with conventional knives, such as utility knives, as used in construction work.

[0040] The building protection element 1 essentially has two layers: a drainage layer 2 provided on the underside 1.1 and a protective layer 4 provided on the top side 1.2. These layers are an integral part of the one-piece building protection element.

[0041] Since the underside 1.1 of the building protection element 1 rests against a flat or substantially flat surface, such as that found in a flat roof waterproofing system, and since the drainage of water towards the intended drainage points must be ensured on such a flat roof waterproofing system, the drainage layer 2 has a system structure 3 comprising a multitude of mutually inverted, planar system areas 3.1. This ensures that the water flowing in the system plane AE can drain away via the drainage layer 2, i.e., that no water can accumulate on the surface to be protected due to the building protection element 1.

[0042] Above drainage layer 2, protective layer 4 is provided, which is kept at a distance from the area to be protected by drainage layer 2 and is designed to generate the protective effect to be achieved by the building protection element 1. Protective layer 4 comprises a grid structure 5, which has a multitude of intersecting webs 5.1. The grid structure 5 thus comprises meshes that form a protective structure against impacts and cuts, among other things. The grid structure 5 is denser than the system structure 3. Nevertheless, the grid structure 5 is permeable to water in the vertical direction, so that water can flow through protective layer 4 and drainage layer 2 to the area to be protected.

[0043] The grid structure 5 preferably comprises grid openings 5.2 with an opening size in the range of 2 mm to 6 mm, in particular 3 mm, 4 mm or 5 mm. The grid openings 5.2 may in particular have a polygonal shape, especially a square or rectangular shape. The webs preferably have a width, measured parallel to the mounting plane AE, in the range of 1 mm to 4 mm, in particular 2 mm or 3 mm.

[0044] The grid structure 5 preferably comprises main webs 5.3 and secondary webs 5.4. The main webs 5.3 form a large-mesh grid, within which the secondary webs 5.4 are provided, forming the finer-mesh grid with the grid openings 5.2. The main webs 5.3 form a supporting structure. The main webs 5.3 have at least a partial height, measured perpendicular to the plane AE, which is greater than the height of the secondary webs 5.4, also measured perpendicular to the plane AE. As shown in particular in Fig. As can be seen from the crosses visible on the underside 1.1, the main struts 5.3 extend at least partially into the drainage layer 2 and are preferably also part of the system structure 3, i.e., sections of the main struts 5.3 are installed on the area to be protected. This increases the mechanical stability of the grid structure 5. However, the main struts 5.3 do not have a constant height throughout; instead, recesses 5.3.1 are provided that partially reduce the height of the main struts 5.3, allowing water flowing on the area to be protected to pass through the recesses 5.3.1 and under the main struts 5.3.

[0045] A non-slip structure is preferably provided on the upper surface of the grid structure 5. This non-slip structure can be formed, for example, by material projections that protrude from the surface on which the upper surfaces of the grid structure 5 lie. For example, the non-slip structure can be formed by strip-shaped material sections that project from the upper surface of a portion of the grid webs. The strip-shaped material sections are particularly preferably provided on the upper surface of the main webs 5.3 of the grid structure 5. This allows for an advantageous transfer of the forces acting on the building protection element 1 into the grid structure 5.

[0046] As also the Fig. As can be seen in Figure 2, the system structure 3 has a large number of planar areas 3.1, the surface area of ​​which is larger than sections of the main webs 5.3, which are also part of the system structure 3. This allows forces acting on the building protection element 1 from above to be distributed evenly across the area to be protected, which in turn reduces the risk of damage, especially in the case of flat roof waterproofing systems with an insulating layer underneath. Insulating materials are typically very soft and therefore tend to deform under high point loads, which can be avoided by the proposed shape of the system structure 3.

[0047] The area-based installation zones 3.1 are preferably located at the intersections of the main walkways 5.3. Further area-based installation zones 3.2 are preferably located in the center of the grid areas formed by the main walkways 5.3. These may have a smaller installation area than the area-based installation zones 3.1 located at the intersections of the main walkways 5.3.

[0048] In the illustrated embodiment, the planar contact areas 3.1 are round, in particular circular. This avoids angular structures that could cause damage when inserted into the area to be protected. It is understood, however, that the planar contact areas 3.1 can also have a different shape, for example, an oval or polygonal shape.

[0049] Preferably, the planar installation areas 3.1 are formed by base areas 3.1.1 of cup-shaped structures, which are open towards the top 1.2 of the building protection element 1. The cup-shaped structures have, for example, a circumferential wall, which is particularly round or circular in cross-section. The base area 3.1.1 is provided on this circumferential wall in the area of ​​the installation plane AE. The cup-shaped structures preferably each have an opening 3.1.2 on their upper side, through which an interior of the cup-shaped structure is accessible. In addition, at least one through-opening 3.1.3 is preferably provided in the base area 3.1.1. Water flowing into the cup-shaped structure from above can drain away through this at least one through-opening 3.1.3.

[0050] An edge area 6 is provided on the perimeter of the building protection element 1. The edge area 6 preferably has flat contact sections 6.1 in the corners of the building protection element 1. Between these flat contact sections 6.1, the edge area 6 preferably has rib-shaped contact sections 6.2. The flat contact sections 6.1 ensure that the building protection element 1 makes full contact in the corner areas, which reduces the risk of damage to the surfaces to be protected caused by indentation of the corner areas. For example, the flat contact sections 6.1 have a triangular, substantially triangular, or circular segment-like shape.

[0051] The walkway-shaped sections of the system 6.2 have sections that extend down to the system level AE and are therefore part of the system structure 3. Passages are formed between these sections so that the walkway-shaped sections of the system 6.2 can be partially flowed under, thus preventing any damming effect of water flowing on the area to be protected by the walkway-shaped sections of the system 6.2.

[0052] The building protection element 1 is designed to form a continuous protective layer, which is composed of a large number of such building protection elements 1. For this purpose, the building protection elements 1 are arranged as shown in the Fig. 7 to 9 are recognizable, joined together at the edges and coupled to each other by means of connecting elements 10.

[0053] The Fig. 5 and Fig. Figure 6 shows a connecting element 10 in different views. The connecting element 10 comprises a base section 10.1 and at least one pair of retaining sections 10.2, which project from the top of the base section 10.1. In the illustrated embodiment, the connecting element 10 has several pairs of retaining sections 10.2, which are spaced apart from one another, in particular three pairs of retaining sections 10.2. The connecting element 10 is designed to be inserted from below into a pair of edge-adjacent building protection elements 1 and to connect these building protection elements 1 firmly but releasably by a clamping effect generated by the connecting element 10.

[0054] Fig. Figure 7 shows a cross-sectional view of the transition area between two edge-adjacent building protection elements 1, which are coupled together by a connecting element 10. It can be seen that the base section 10.1 is designed to lie in the installation plane AE; that is, in the coupled state, the underside of the base section 10.1, facing away from the support sections 10.2, is at the same height as the planar installation areas 3.1 of the installation structure 3. Thus, the base section 10.1 of the connecting element 10 itself becomes part of the installation structure 3, which improves the stability of the coupling of the building protection elements 1 that are joined together and fixed relative to each other by the connecting element 10.

[0055] The building protection element 1 has several recesses 7 in its edge region 6, each recess being designed to receive a retaining section 10.2 of a connecting element 10. The recess 7 can be formed, for example, by a circumferentially closed frame or a cavity into which the retaining section 10.2 of the connecting element 10 can be inserted. Such recesses 7 are preferably provided on all sides of the building protection element 1 and arranged at the same distance from the corners, so that the building protection elements 1 can be attached and connected to each other in any desired manner. Preferably, two or more recesses 7 are provided on each side, thereby improving the stability of the protective layer formed from several building protection elements 1.

[0056] The Fig. 8 and Fig.Figure 9 shows two building protection elements 1 joined laterally, which are coupled to each other by means of a pair of connecting elements 10. It can be seen that after the coupling of the building protection elements 1, a seamless or substantially seamless joint results between the adjacent building protection elements 1.

[0057] The building protection element 1 preferably has rounded corners and edges. This applies in particular to those areas that are part of the system structure 3. This avoids sharp edges that could damage the surface to be protected, especially the flat roof waterproofing.

[0058] The building protection element 1 is preferably square or rectangular in shape. It has, in particular, an edge length between 30 cm and 50 cm, especially 40 cm. This makes the building protection element 1 easy to handle and allows it to be adapted relatively precisely to the area to be protected by placing several building protection elements 1 next to each other.

[0059] The building protection element 1 is preferably made of a dimensionally stable, impact-resistant plastic, in particular HDPE or LDPE. This allows for high stability of the building protection element 1 with high impact and cut resistance. The plastic may, in particular, contain a UV stabilizer to prevent material degradation due to UV radiation. The plastic is also, in particular, free of plasticizers. This offers the advantage that the building protection element 1 can also be used on flat roof waterproofing systems formed by a plastic membrane.

[0060] The building protection element 1 can not only be used to protect the respective area during the construction phase, but can also be designed to remain permanently on the surface, i.e., even after the construction phase. In particular, the building protection element 1 can be designed to be so durable that, for example, a terrace covering, a layer of gravel, etc., can be applied to it, thus providing permanent protection for the surface.

[0061] The innovation has been described above using exemplary embodiments. It is understood that numerous modifications and adaptations are possible without departing from the underlying concept of the innovation. Reference symbol list 1 building protection element 1.1 Subpage 1.2 Top 2 Drainage layer 3. Investment structure 3.1 Area of ​​application 3.1.1 Floor area 3.1.2 Opening 3.1.3 Passage opening 3.2 Area of ​​application 4 protective layers 5 Lattice structure 5.1 Bridge 5.2 Grating opening 5.3 Main Pier 5.3.1 Exclusion 5.4 Side walkway 6 Edge area 6.1 Area-wide plant section 6.2 Bridge-shaped section of the plant 7th recording 10 connecting element 10.1 Ground section 10.2 Stopping section AE Plant Level

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