Photovoltaikmodul

Abstract

Photovoltaic module comprising the following: a plurality of solar cell chains arranged along a first direction, wherein a first area or a second area is provided between two adjacent solar cell chains, wherein in the first area a first adhesive spot is provided between the two adjacent solar cell strings and wherein in the second area a second adhesive spot and an electrical connector are provided between the two adjacent solar cell strings and a number of the first adhesive spot is less than or as large as a number of the second adhesive spot.

Description

TECHNICAL AREA

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the field of photovoltaic manufacturing technologies and in particular to a photovoltaic module. GENERAL STATE OF THE ART

[0002] With the rapid development of science and technology and the continuous improvement of people's living standards, people have gradually begun to pay attention to environmental problems, and new energy technologies with less or no pollution, such as solar energy generation technology, have been rapidly developed in recent years and have begun to be widely used in various fields.

[0003] A photovoltaic module is an important component in solar energy generation technology. Currently, the performance and structural reliability of photovoltaic modules still need improvement. SUMMARY

[0004] Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a photovoltaic module and a method for manufacturing a photovoltaic module. The present disclosure can achieve a photovoltaic module that has a short chain spacing and high chain spacing stability and improves the performance, structural reliability, and reliability of the electrical connection of the photovoltaic module.

[0005] In a first aspect, embodiments of the present disclosure provide a photovoltaic module comprising: a plurality of solar cell chains arranged along a first direction, and a first region or a second region provided between two adjacent solar cell chains. In the first region, a first adhesive patch is provided between the two adjacent solar cell chains. In the second region, a second adhesive patch and an electrical connector are provided between the two adjacent solar cell chains, and the number of the first adhesive patch is less than or equal to the number of the second adhesive patch.

[0006] In a second aspect, embodiments of the present disclosure provide a teaching for manufacturing a photovoltaic module, including the following steps: providing a plurality of solar cell chains and arranging the plurality of solar cell chains along a first direction, wherein a first region or a second region is provided between two adjacent solar cell chains; in the first region, dispensing liquid adhesive between the two adjacent solar cell chains and curing the liquid adhesive to form a first adhesive spot; in the second region, dispensing liquid adhesive between the two adjacent solar cell chains and curing the liquid adhesive to form a second adhesive spot; wherein a number of the first adhesive spots is less than or as large as a number of the second adhesive spots.

[0007] The technical solutions of the present disclosure can achieve the following advantageous effects:

[0008] In the present disclosure, the first region or the second region is provided between two adjacent solar cell chains. In the first region, the first adhesive patch is arranged between the two adjacent solar cell chains. In the second region, the second adhesive patch and the electrical connector are arranged between the two adjacent solar cell chains. According to embodiments of the present disclosure, two adjacent solar cell chains are connected to each other by the first adhesive patch and the second adhesive patch, which improves the connection stability between the two adjacent solar cell chains and reduces displacement and deformation of the solar cell chains.Therefore, it is advantageous to achieve a photovoltaic module with a short chain spacing and high chain spacing stability, which reduces the formation of the inactive area in the photovoltaic module and improves the energy generation power density of the photovoltaic module. Furthermore, according to embodiments of the present disclosure, the number of first adhesive spots is limited to being less than or as large as the number of second adhesive spots, in order to realize the differentiated fixing of the solar cell chains of the photovoltaic module based on the circuit topology, in order to effectively improve the uniformity of the stress distribution of the photovoltaic module and to improve the structural stability and reliability of the electrical connection of the photovoltaic module.

[0009] It should be understood that the general description above and the detailed description below are merely illustrative and cannot limit the present disclosure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. Figure 1 is a schematic structural representation of a photovoltaic module according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure; Fig. 2 is an enlarged partial view of Part I, which is in Fig. 1 is shown; Fig. 3 is a further schematic structural representation of a photovoltaic module according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure; Fig. Figure 4 is a further schematic structural representation of a photovoltaic module according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure; Fig. 5 is a further schematic structural representation of a photovoltaic module according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure; Fig. Figure 6 is a further schematic structural representation of a photovoltaic module according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure; Fig. 7 is a further schematic structural representation of a photovoltaic module according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure; Fig. Figure 8 is a further schematic structural representation of a photovoltaic module according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure; and Fig. Figure 9 is another schematic structural representation of a photovoltaic module according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure. Reference symbol: 100 photovoltaic modules; 10 solar cell chain; 101 Solar cell chain group; 10A first area; 10B second area; 11 Solar cell; 12 first adhesive spot; 13 second adhesive spot: 14 electrical connectors; 15 first adhesive tape; 16 second adhesive tape; 17 converging busbars; 20 Encapsulation layer; 30 Cover plate.

[0010] The drawings are incorporated into the description and form part of it, illustrating embodiments according to the present disclosure and, together with the description, serving to explain the principles of the present disclosure. DESCRIPTION OF EXECUTION FORMS

[0011] To clarify the tasks, technical solutions, and advantages of this disclosure, it is described in more detail below with reference to the drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are intended only to illustrate the present disclosure and not to limit it.

[0012] In the description of this disclosure, unless expressly stated and defined, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying any relative meaning. Unless otherwise stated or indicated, the term "a multitude" means two or more. The terms "connected," "attached," and the like should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "connected" may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, an integral connection, or an electrical connection. It may be a direct connection or an indirect connection via an intervening medium. For the average person skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in this disclosure may be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0013] In the description of the specification, it should be understood that spatial terms such as "on / above" and "below / below," which are described in embodiments of the present disclosure, are described with reference to the angles shown in the drawings and should not be understood as limitations on embodiments of the present disclosure. Furthermore, it should be understood in this context that when an element is described as being formed "on / above" or "below / below" another element, it is possible that one element may be formed directly "on / above" or "below / below" another element, or "on / above" or "below / below" another element via an intervening element.

[0014] In a photovoltaic module, a specific spacing (referred to as string spacing) must generally be preset between adjacent solar cell strings to prevent short circuits caused by contact between the strings. The string spacing between existing solar cell strings is relatively large, generally up to 1.5 mm. This spacing creates an inactive area within the photovoltaic module, limiting the possibility of using larger solar cells or reducing optical loss within the standard module size, and thus becoming a bottleneck for improving the module's power density.

[0015] In view of this, embodiments of the present disclosure provide a photovoltaic module 100. Fig. Figure 1 shows a first schematic structural representation of the photovoltaic module 100, and Fig. 2 is an enlarged partial view of Part I, which is in Fig. 1 is shown. As in Fig. 1 and Fig. As shown in Figure 2, the photovoltaic module 100 includes the following: a plurality of solar cell chains 10 arranged along a first direction. A first region 10A or a second region 10B is enclosed between two adjacent solar cell chains 10.

[0016] In the first area 10A, a first adhesive spot 12 is provided between the two adjacent solar cell chains 10.

[0017] In the second area 10B, a second adhesive patch 13 and an electrical connector 14 are provided between the two adjacent solar cell strings 10. The number of first adhesive patches 12 is less than or equal to the number of second adhesive patches 13.

[0018] The first region 10A or the second region 10B is arranged between the two adjacent solar cell chains 10 according to embodiments of the present disclosure. In the first region 10A, the first adhesive patch 12 is arranged between the two adjacent solar cell chains 10. In the second region 10B, the second adhesive patch 13 and the electrical connector 14 are arranged between the two adjacent solar cell chains 10. According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the two adjacent solar cell chains 10 are connected to each other by the first adhesive patch 12 and the second adhesive patch 13, which improves the connection stability between the two adjacent solar cell chains 10 and reduces the displacement and deformation of the solar cell chains 10.Therefore, it is advantageous to achieve a photovoltaic module 100 that has a short chain spacing and high chain spacing stability, which reduces the formation of the inactive area in the photovoltaic module 100 and improves the energy generation power density of the photovoltaic module 100. Furthermore, according to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the number of first adhesive spots 12 is limited to being less than or as large as the number of second adhesive spots 13 in order to realize the different fixing of the solar cell chains 10 of the photovoltaic module 100 based on the circuit topology, in order to effectively improve the uniformity of the stress distribution of the photovoltaic module 100 and to improve the structural stability and the reliability of the electrical connection of the photovoltaic module 100.

[0019] Compared with the conventional method for improving the performance of the photovoltaic module 100, which includes the electrical connectors 14, by using an adhesive tape with good adhesive strength or optimizing lamination curves, embodiments of the present disclosure provide a simple structure and can effectively improve the uniformity of the stress distribution of the photovoltaic module 100 by the differentiated arrangement of the first adhesive spots 12 and the second adhesive spots 13.

[0020] It should be noted that the first direction is the arrangement direction of the solar cell strings 10, and the first direction can be the longitudinal or the lateral direction of the photovoltaic module 100. For example, as in Fig. 1 shown, the first direction which is in Fig. 1 Z-direction shown.

[0021] It should be noted that the electrical connector 14 refers to a component for an electrical connection in the photovoltaic module 100. The electrical connector 14 can, for example, be a connecting conductor, which is a conductor formed from conductive materials.

[0022] In some embodiments, as in Fig. Figure 1 shows a solar cell chain 10 comprising solar cells 11 arranged in a second direction and connected in series, with the first direction intersecting the second direction. In the photovoltaic module 100, a plurality of solar cells 11 are connected in series by conductor tracks to form the solar cell chain 10. The connection mode between the solar cells 11 can be partially overlapping or splicing. A plurality of solar cell chains 10 are arranged according to a specific rule to form a solar cell chain group 101, which constitutes the core power generation assembly of the photovoltaic module 100. The photovoltaic module 100 includes at least one solar cell chain group 101. As an example, Figure 1 shows Fig. 1 the photovoltaic module 100, which is equipped with a group of solar cell chains 101, and Fig. Figure 3 shows the photovoltaic module, which is equipped with two groups of solar cell chains 101.

[0023] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the arrangement direction of the solar cell chains 10 intersects with the arrangement direction of the solar cells 11, so that the photovoltaic module 100 can be provided with a relatively large number of solar cells 11, thereby improving the power density of the photovoltaic module 100. As an example, as shown in Fig. 1 shown, the first direction which is in Fig. The first direction shown is Z-direction, and the second direction is the one shown in Fig. 1. X-direction shown. The X-direction and the Z-direction are perpendicular to each other.

[0024] In some embodiments, the solar cell 11 can be one or any combination of a passivated emitter rear cell (PERC), an interdigitated back contact cell (IBC), a tunnel oxide passivated contact cell (TOPCon), a heterojunction technology cell (HIT / HTT), a thin-film solar cell, and a tandem solar cell. The thin-film solar cell includes a perovskite thin-film solar cell, a copper indium selenium thin-film solar cell, a gallium arsenide thin-film solar cell, and a cadmium sulfide thin-film solar cell. The tandem solar cell is a perovskite cell stacked on a crystalline silicon cell, a perovskite cell stacked on a perovskite cell, and a perovskite cell stacked on a thin-film cell.

[0025] In some embodiments, solar cell 11 is an entire solar cell.

[0026] In some embodiments, the solar cells are 11 N-cut cells that are cut from the whole solar cell, where N is greater than or equal to 2, for example N can be 2, 3, 4, 5 or the like.

[0027] In some embodiments, in the first region 10A, in the two adjacent solar cell chains 10, the first adhesive spot 12 is arranged between at least some of the two adjacent solar cells 11. The first adhesive spot 12 is connected to each of the two adjacent solar cells 11 in order to fix the chain spacing between the two adjacent solar cell chains 10.

[0028] In some embodiments, in the second area 10B, in the two adjacent solar cell chains 10, a second adhesive spot 13 is provided between at least some of the two adjacent solar cells 11 to fix the chain spacing between the two adjacent solar cell chains 10.

[0029] It should be noted that the above “two adjacent solar cells 11” refers to two solar cells 11 arranged in different solar cell chains 10 and having the shortest possible distance between them. It is understood that the “two adjacent solar cells 11” mentioned below have the same meaning.

[0030] In some embodiments, in the first region 10a, the first adhesive spot 12 is arranged between all two adjacent solar cells 11 in the two adjacent solar cell chains 10. In the second region 10B, the second adhesive spot 13 is arranged between all two adjacent solar cells 11 in the two adjacent solar cell chains 10. For example, as in Fig. Figure 1 shows that in the first region 10a, the first adhesive spot 12 is arranged between all two adjacent solar cells 11 in the two adjacent solar cell chains 10. In the second region 10B, the second adhesive spot 13 is arranged between all two adjacent solar cells 11 in the two adjacent solar cell chains 10.

[0031] In some embodiments, in the first region 10A, the first adhesive spot 12 is arranged between some of the two adjacent solar cells 11 in the two adjacent solar cell chains 10. In the second region 10B, the second adhesive spot 13 is arranged between some of the two adjacent solar cells 11 in the two adjacent solar cell chains 10. For example, shows Fig. 4 Another schematic structural representation of a photovoltaic module. As in Fig. As shown in Figure 4, in the first region 10A, the first adhesive spot 12 is arranged between the two adjacent solar cells 11 in the end region and the middle region of the solar cell chain 10. In the second region 10B, the second adhesive spot 13 is arranged between the two adjacent solar cells 11 in the end region and the middle region of the solar cell chain 10. Based on the inventive concept of the present disclosure, other arrangements for the positions of the first adhesive spot 12 and the second adhesive spot 13 may also exist, which are not limited herein.

[0032] In some embodiments, as in Fig. Figure 1 shows the electrical connector 14 arranged between the two adjacent solar cells 11 in the two adjacent solar cell strings 10, and the electrical connector 14 overlaps at least partially with one of the two adjacent solar cells 11. The electrical connector 14 is configured to implement a bridging between the two adjacent solar cells 11 in the two adjacent solar cell strings 10, with a relatively short electrical path, thereby reducing the series resistance.

[0033] It should be noted that embodiments of the present disclosure provide the first adhesive spot 12 and the second adhesive spot 13, which can achieve a short chain spacing and high chain spacing stability for the photovoltaic module 100. Therefore, when the electrical connector 14 is arranged between the two adjacent solar cells 11, the electrical connector 14 overlaps at least partially with one of the two adjacent solar cells 11.

[0034] In some embodiments, as in Fig. Figure 5 shows the electrical connector 14 arranged under one of the two adjacent solar cell strings 10, that is, the electrical connector 14 is arranged on the back of the solar cell string 10 (the electrical connector is in Fig. 5 shown by a dashed line). In this way, the electrical connector 14 does not take up space between the solar cell strings 10, thereby reducing its influence on the arrangement of the solar cells 11 in the photovoltaic module 100 and improving the aesthetics and energy generation efficiency of the photovoltaic module 100. It should be noted that if the electrical connector 14 is located on the back of the solar cell string 10, an insulating strip is provided between the electrical connector 14 and the back of the solar cell string 10 (the insulating strip is shown in Fig. 4 not shown).

[0035] In some embodiments, in the first region 10A, between the two adjacent solar cells 11, the number of first adhesive spots 12 is less than or equal to 4, which can be, for example, 1, 2, 3, or 4. In the second region 10B, between the two adjacent solar cells 11, the number of second adhesive spots 13 is greater than or equal to 2, which can be, for example, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, or 7, etc. For example, as in Fig. Figure 1 shows that in the first area 10A, a first adhesive spot 12 is provided between the two adjacent solar cells 11. In the second area 10B, two second adhesive spots 13 are provided between the two adjacent solar cells 11. Compared to the first area 10A, the second area 10B includes the electrical connector 14, and the second area 10B is more susceptible to stress concentration.The first adhesive spot 12 is arranged between the two adjacent solar cells 11 in the first area 10A, wherein the number of first adhesive spots 12 is less than or equal to 4, and the second adhesive spots 13 are arranged between the two adjacent solar cells 11 in the second area 10B, wherein the number of second adhesive spots 13 is greater than or equal to 2, in order to improve the bonding stability of components in the stress concentration area, to avoid the additional stress caused by the relative displacement of components, to balance the stress distribution of the photovoltaic module 100, and to reduce problems such as cracking and deformation of the solar cells 11 in the solar module 100.

[0036] In some embodiments, the height of the first adhesive spot 12 is greater than or equal to the height of the second adhesive spot 13. In some embodiments, the height of the first adhesive spot 12 is greater than the height of the second adhesive spot 13, which can strengthen the connection stability of the two adjacent solar cells 11 in the two adjacent solar cell chains 10 in the first area 10A, thereby effectively balancing the stress distribution of the photovoltaic module 100 and improving its structural stability. In some embodiments, the height of the first adhesive spot 12 is equal to the height of the second adhesive spot 13, which is advantageous for large-scale production processes, adapts to an automated adhesive application process, and improves the production efficiency of the photovoltaic module 100.

[0037] In some embodiments, the height of the first adhesive spot 12 ranges from 0.2 mm to 0.4 mm, which may be, for example, 0.2 mm, 0.25 mm, 0.28 mm, 0.3 mm, 0.33 mm, 0.36 mm, 0.38 mm, 0.4 mm or any value within the range consisting of any two of the above values.

[0038] In some embodiments, the height of the second adhesive spot 13 ranges from 0.1 mm to 0.3 mm, which may be, for example, 0.1 mm, 0.15 mm, 0.18 mm, 0.25 mm, 0.28 mm, 0.3 mm or any value within the range consisting of any two of the above values.

[0039] Controlling the height of the first adhesive spot 12 and the height of the second adhesive spot 13 within the above ranges can reduce the influence of the adhesive spots on the structural stability of the photovoltaic module 100 and mitigate problems such as microcracks, deformation, and seal failure of the photovoltaic module 100. If the height of the first adhesive spot 12 and the height of the second adhesive spot 13 are too small, the connection between the two adjacent solar cells 11 may fail. If the height of the first adhesive spot 12 and the height of the second adhesive spot 13 are too large, the photovoltaic module 100 may protrude.During the layering of the photovoltaic module 100, the adhesive spots squeeze the solar cells 11, causing microcracks, and the frame of the photovoltaic module 100 cannot be tightly fastened, so a gap is formed, which leads to the ingress of moisture and adversely affects the service life of the photovoltaic module 100.

[0040] In some embodiments, the length of the first adhesive spot 12 ranges from 0.8 mm to 1.2 mm, and the length of the second adhesive spot 13 ranges from 0.8 mm to 1.2 mm. The width of the first adhesive spot 12 ranges from 0.8 mm to 1.2 mm, and the width of the second adhesive spot 13 ranges from 0.8 mm to 1.2 mm. The shapes of the first adhesive spot 12 and the second adhesive spot 13 are not limited in the embodiments of the present disclosure, and the first adhesive spot 12 and the second adhesive spot 13 can be rectangular, circular, irregular, and the like. For example, the length of the first adhesive spot 12 is the length of the first adhesive spot 12 along the Fig. 1 shown X-direction, and the width direction of the first adhesive spot 12 is perpendicular to the X-direction and is not the Z-direction.

[0041] In some embodiments, the first adhesive spot 12 and / or the second adhesive spot 13 are circular. Both the length and the width are the diameters. The diameter of the first adhesive spot 12 and / or the second adhesive spot 13 ranges from 0.8 mm to 1.2 mm, which can be, for example, 0.8 mm, 0.9 mm, 1.0 mm, 1.1 mm, 1.2 mm, or any value within the range consisting of any two of the above values.

[0042] Controlling the length and width of the first adhesive patch 12 and the second adhesive patch 13 within the above ranges can improve the bond stability between the adhesive patches and the solar cells 11 and ensure the light-absorbing area of ​​the solar cells 11. If the diameter of the first adhesive patch 12 and the diameter of the second adhesive patch 13 are too small, the contact area between the solar cell array 10 and the adhesive patch may be insufficient, resulting in inadequate adhesive strength and easy displacement of the solar cell arrays 10 during stacking, transport, and the like. If the diameter of the first adhesive patch 12 and the diameter of the second adhesive patch 13 are too large, the adhesive patch may overflow onto the surface of the solar cell 11, excessively blocking the light-absorbing area of ​​the solar cell 11 and also easily affecting grid lines and solder strips of the solar cell 11.

[0043] In some embodiments, the material of the first adhesive spot 12 is a light-curing acrylic adhesive, and the material of the second adhesive spot 13 is also a light-curing acrylic adhesive. According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the materials of the first adhesive spot 12 and the second adhesive spot 13 utilize a light-curing acrylic adhesive. The light-curing acrylic adhesive has a viscosity range of 2600 MPa·s to 3000 MPa·s and a density of 1.05 g / cm³. 3 up to 1.10 g / cm³ 3 , the curing wavelength of 365 nm, the curing energy greater than 1000 mJ / cm² 2The hardness, which reaches 60D to 80D after curing, the adhesive strength, greater than 15 MPa, and the elongation at break, greater than or equal to 10%, are specified. The light-curable acrylate adhesive is cured by ultraviolet / visible light with a short curing time, which achieves precise and instantaneous adhesion for fixing the two adjacent solar cell chains 10 and avoids the deformation effect of heat generated during the layering of the photovoltaic module 100 on the cured first adhesive spot 12 and second adhesive spot 13, thus achieving a permanent and reliable fixation of the two adjacent solar cell chains 10.

[0044] In some embodiments, the light-curing acrylate adhesive may be Ketexin KT-6011, Henkel Loctite AA 3494, Henkel Loctite 431 or Ancham AC5108, etc.

[0045] In some embodiments, the photovoltaic module 100 includes a central region and an edge region arranged around the central region. In some embodiments, the central region is located at the geometric center of the photovoltaic module 100, and the edge region surrounds the central region. The central region includes an area that encompasses more than 80% of the area of ​​the geometric center of the photovoltaic module 100, or an area excluding the outermost solar cells 11, and the edge region includes areas that have a width within 10% on four sides, or an area where the outermost solar cells 11 are arranged.

[0046] In some embodiments, the number of first adhesive spots 12 in the edge region is greater than or as large as the number of first adhesive spots 12 in the middle region, and the number of second adhesive spots 13 in the edge region is greater than or as large as the number of second adhesive spots 13 in the middle region.

[0047] In some embodiments, the number of first adhesive spots 12 in the edge region is greater than the number of first adhesive spots 12 in the central region, and the number of second adhesive spots 13 in the edge region is greater than the number of second adhesive spots 13 in the central region. Compared to the central region, the edge region is a stress concentration area. Furthermore, when the photovoltaic module 100 is installed and used outdoors, the edge region serves as the main stress area.By controlling the number of first adhesive spots 12 in the edge region so that it is greater than the number of first adhesive spots 12 in the middle region, and the number of second adhesive spots 13 in the edge region so that it is greater than the number of second adhesive spots 13 in the middle region, the connection stability between the two adjacent solar cells 11 in the two adjacent solar cell chains 10 can be strengthened, thereby effectively balancing the stress distribution of the photovoltaic module 100 and improving the structural stability of the photovoltaic module 100.

[0048] In some embodiments, Fig. 6 Another schematic structural representation of the photovoltaic module 100. As in Fig. As shown in Figure 6, the photovoltaic module 100 further includes the following: a first adhesive tape 15 and a second adhesive tape 16. The first adhesive tape 15 is arranged in the first region 10A, and the first adhesive tape 15 is connected between the two adjacent solar cell strings 10. The second adhesive tape 16 is arranged in the second region 10B, and the second adhesive tape 16 is connected between the two adjacent solar cell strings 10. The number of first adhesive tapes 15 is greater than or equal to the number of second adhesive tapes 16.

[0049] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, in the first region 10A, the fixing of the two adjacent solar cell chains 10 is achieved by applying the first adhesive tape 15, and a certain stress buffer is simultaneously provided. In the second region 10B, the fixing of the two adjacent solar cell chains 10 is achieved by applying the second adhesive tape 16, and a certain stress buffer is simultaneously provided. In this way, the supporting fixing of the solar cell chains 10 in the photovoltaic module 100 is achieved by the first adhesive tape 15 and the second adhesive tape 16, which can increase the load-bearing area and reduce the stress on the photovoltaic module 100, thereby effectively reducing the stress concentration in the second region 10B and improving the structural reliability of the photovoltaic module 100.

[0050] In some embodiments, in the first region 10A, a first adhesive tape 15 is applied between at least some of the two adjacent solar cell chains 11, and the first adhesive tape 15 is connected to each of the two adjacent solar cells 11. In the second region 10B, in the two adjacent solar cell chains 10, a second adhesive tape 16 is applied between at least some of the two adjacent solar cells 11, and the second adhesive tape 16 is connected to each of the two adjacent solar cells 11.

[0051] According to the photovoltaic module 100 of the present disclosure, the positioning and connection stability of the solar cells 11 in the solar cell chains 10 are achieved by the first adhesive patch 12 and the second adhesive patch 13, and the electrical reliability is improved. The supporting fixation and stress distribution of the solar cells 11 in the solar cell chains 10 are achieved by the first adhesive tape 15 and the second adhesive tape 16. In addition, the adhesive patch can accommodate shrinkage of the adhesive tape, and the adhesive tape can mitigate stress damage caused by the adhesive patch.The adhesive patch and the adhesive tape work synergistically to effectively achieve fixation and shorten the chain spacing of the photovoltaic module 100, to improve the overall structural stability, to effectively solve the problem of poor chain spacing stability in the photovoltaic module 100 caused by the electrical connector 14, and to achieve the optimal distribution of mechanical strength and electrical connection reliability of the photovoltaic module 100.

[0052] In some embodiments, both an adhesive patch and an adhesive tape are provided between the two adjacent solar cells 11 in the two adjacent solar cell chains 10 (as in Fig. 6 and Fig. 7 shown).

[0053] In some embodiments, an adhesive patch or tape is selectively provided between the two adjacent solar cells 11 in the two adjacent solar cell chains 10. For example, in the two adjacent solar cell chains 10, tape is provided between some of the two adjacent solar cells 11, and an adhesive patch is provided between some of the two adjacent solar cells 11 (as in Fig. 8 shown).

[0054] It should be noted that the first adhesive tape 15 can be arranged between all two adjacent solar cell chains 10 or between some of the two adjacent solar cell chains 10. Furthermore, between the two adjacent solar cell chains 10, the first adhesive tape 15 can be arranged between all two adjacent solar cells 11 or between some of the two adjacent solar cells 11. Accordingly, the second adhesive tape 16 can be arranged between all two adjacent solar cell chains 10 or between some of the two adjacent solar cell chains 10. Furthermore, between the two adjacent solar cell chains 10, the second adhesive tape 16 can be arranged between all two adjacent solar cells 11 or between some of the two adjacent solar cells 11.

[0055] In some embodiments, in the first region 10A, between the two adjacent solar cell strings 10, the number of first adhesive strips 15 is greater than or equal to 4, which may be, for example, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 or any value within the region consisting of any two of the above values.

[0056] In some embodiments, in the second region 10B, between the two adjacent solar cell strings 10, the number of second adhesive tapes 16 is less than or equal to 2, which may be, for example, 2 or 1, or the second adhesive tape is not provided in the second region 10B (as in Fig. 7 shown).

[0057] According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, the local stress on the photovoltaic module 100 is regulated by controlling the number of first adhesive tapes 15 between the two adjacent solar cell chains 10 in the first area 10A such that it is greater than the number of second adhesive tapes 16 between the two adjacent solar cell chains 10 in the second area 10B, which further improves the stress distribution of the photovoltaic module 100 while ensuring the stability of the chain spacing of the photovoltaic module 100.

[0058] In order to make the number of first adhesive tapes 15 between the two adjacent solar cell chains 10 in the first region 10A greater than the number of second adhesive tapes 16 between the two adjacent solar cell chains 10 in the second region 10B, embodiments of the present disclosure can be implemented by controlling the number of solar cells 11 provided with the first adhesive tapes 15 such that it is greater than the number of solar cells 11 provided with the second adhesive tapes 16, or controlling the number of first adhesive tapes 15 on the solar cells 11 such that it is greater than the number of second adhesive tapes 16 on the solar cells 11, or controlling the combination of the above two ways.

[0059] In some embodiments, the first adhesive tape 15 and the second adhesive tape 16 are acrylic foam adhesive tapes. The structure of the acrylic foam adhesive tape consists of a foam core layer plus acrylic adhesive layers on two sides. The foam core layer has a porous structure and can absorb shock and vibration by undergoing elastic deformation, while the acrylic adhesive layers provide the adhesive function. The acrylic foam adhesive tape according to embodiments of the present disclosure exhibits excellent compressive elasticity, which can effectively fill the height difference between the first area 10A and the second area 10B, distribute local stress, achieve a tight fit of the adhesive tape, and reduce the risk of parallel connection and displacement of the solar cell arrays 10.

[0060] Compared with conventional polyimide (PI) or polyethylene terephthalate (PET) adhesive tapes, embodiments of the present disclosure employ acrylate foam adhesive tapes, which exhibit higher adhesive strength and shear strength, thereby effectively improving the adhesion of the solar cell arrays 10. The adhesive strength of the PI or PET tape is generally 3 N / 25 mm to 10 N / 25 mm, and the adhesive strength of the acrylate foam adhesive tape of the present invention is greater than 15 N / 25 mm.

[0061] In some embodiments, the thickness of the acrylic foam adhesive tape ranges from 0.1 mm to 0.4 mm, which can be, for example, 0.1 mm, 0.15 mm, 0.2 mm, 0.25 mm, 0.3 mm, 0.35 mm, 0.4 mm, or any value within the range consisting of any two of the above values. Compared with conventional PI or PET adhesive tapes (the thickness is generally 0.05 mm to 0.1 mm, and an excessively small thickness causes a significant reduction in adhesive strength), the acrylic foam adhesive tape of the present disclosure is sufficiently thin but exhibits superior adhesive performance.

[0062] In some embodiments, the present disclosure may further provide a PI adhesive tape or a PET adhesive tape between the two adjacent solar cells 11 in the two adjacent solar cell strings 10 in the first region 10A and the second region 10B. In some embodiments, where the PI adhesive tape is taken as an example, in the photovoltaic module 100, the PI adhesive tape and the adhesive tape of the present disclosure (the general term for the first adhesive tape 15 and the wide adhesive tape 16) are arranged in a staggered manner.

[0063] In some embodiments, the distance between the two adjacent solar cell chains 10 ranges from 0.3 mm to 0.7 mm, which can be, for example, 0.3 mm, 0.4 mm, 0.5 mm, 0.6 mm, 0.7 mm, or any value within the range consisting of any two of the above values. Compared with the conventional photovoltaic module 100, which uses PI adhesive tapes or PET adhesive tapes to fix the solar cell chains 10, whose chain spacing is generally greater than 1.5 mm, the present disclosure can significantly reduce the chain spacing and improve the energy generation efficiency of the photovoltaic module 100.

[0064] In some embodiments Fig. 9 Another schematic structural representation of the photovoltaic module. As in Fig. As shown in Figure 9, the photovoltaic module 100 further includes the following: an encapsulation layer 20 which covers the surface of the solar cell chain 10.

[0065] As an example, the encapsulation layer 20 is arranged on two side faces of the solar cell chains 10, and the encapsulation layer 20 is in contact with and attached to the solar cell chain group 101 formed by the solar cell chains 10. The encapsulation layer 20 can be an ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) adhesive film, a polyethylene octene coelastomer (POE) adhesive film, or a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) adhesive film.

[0066] In some embodiments, as in Fig. As shown in Figure 9, the photovoltaic module 100 further includes: a cover plate 30 configured to cover the surface of the encapsulation layer 20 facing away from the solar cell array 10.

[0067] As an example, the cover plate 30 is arranged on the surface of the encapsulation layer 20 facing away from the solar cell array 10. The cover plate 30 can be a transparent or opaque cover plate, such as a glass cover plate or a plastic cover plate.

[0068] The photovoltaic module 100 can also employ a laterally applied full encapsulation, that is, an encapsulation tape is applied to completely wrap and encapsulate the side edges of the photovoltaic module 100 in order to prevent layer displacement of the photovoltaic module 100 during the lamination process.

[0069] The photovoltaic module 100 further includes an edge sealing element, which is firmly encapsulated at the partial edge of the photovoltaic module 100. The edge sealing element can be firmly encapsulated near a corner at an edge of the photovoltaic module 100. The edge sealing element can be a high-temperature resistant adhesive tape. The high-temperature resistant adhesive tape exhibits excellent high-temperature resistance and cannot disintegrate or detach during the lamination process, thus ensuring reliable encapsulation of the photovoltaic module 100. Two ends of the high-temperature resistant adhesive tape are each fixed to the cover plate 30.Two ends of the high-temperature resistant adhesive tape can each be bound to the cover plate 30, and a middle section of the high-temperature resistant adhesive tape can limit the side edge of the photovoltaic module 100 in order to protect the photovoltaic module 100 from layering dislocation during the lamination process.

[0070] The photovoltaic module 100 of the present disclosure includes, but is not limited to, a half-cut cell module, a multi-cut cell module, a multi-busbar module and a busbarless module with monocrystalline silicon and polycrystalline silicon as cores, as well as a shingle-soldered module which improves the power density by means of a shingle connection, and the like.

[0071] Embodiments of the present disclosure further provide a teaching for manufacturing the above photovoltaic module, including the following steps:

[0072] A plurality of solar cell chains 10 are provided, and the plurality of solar cell chains 10 are arranged along a first direction. A first region 10A or a second region 10B is enclosed between two adjacent solar cell chains 10.

[0073] In the first area 10A, liquid adhesive is dispensed between the two adjacent solar cell chains 10 and hardened to form first adhesive spots 12.

[0074] In the second area 10B, liquid adhesive is dispensed between the two adjacent solar cell arrays 10 and cured to form second adhesive spots 13. The number of first adhesive spots 12 is less than or equal to the number of second adhesive spots 13.

[0075] An electrical connector 14 is provided in the second area 10B.

[0076] In the above solution, by presetting the first area 10A and the second area 10B, the first adhesive spots 12 are formed between the two adjacent solar cell chains 10 in the first area 10A using liquid adhesive, and the second adhesive spots 13 are formed between the two adjacent solar cell chains 10 in the second area 10B, and the electrical connector 14 is located in the second area 10B. The first adhesive spot 12 and the second adhesive spot 13 serve as connection points between the two adjacent solar cell chains 10, which improves the connection stability between the two adjacent solar cell chains 10 and reduces the displacement and deformation of the solar cell chains 10.Therefore, it is advantageous to achieve a photovoltaic module 100 that has a short chain spacing and high chain spacing stability, which reduces the formation of the inactive area in the photovoltaic module 100 and improves the energy generation power density of the photovoltaic module 100. Furthermore, according to embodiments of the present disclosure, the number of first adhesive spots 12 is limited to being less than or as large as the number of second adhesive spots 13 in order to realize the different fixing of the solar cell chains 10 of the photovoltaic module 100 based on the circuit topology and to improve the structural stability and reliability of the electrical connection of the photovoltaic module 100.

[0077] The teaching for manufacturing the photovoltaic module 100 of the present disclosure is described in detail below.

[0078] In S100, a plurality of solar cell chains 10 are provided, and the plurality of solar cell chains 10 are arranged along a first direction. A first region 10A or a second region 10B is enclosed between the two adjacent solar cell chains 10.

[0079] In some embodiments, the solar cell chain 10 includes solar cells 11 arranged in a second direction and connected in series, with the first direction intersecting the second direction. The solar cell chain 10 is obtained by the following steps: individual solar cells 11 can be arranged in series according to a predefined module layout to ensure precise spacing and positioning between the solar cells 11. A solder strip is pre-fixed to the arranged solar cells 11 and connected to the corresponding solar cell 11 to form the solar cell chain 10. For example, the solder strip is pre-fixed by a dispensing process such that adjacent solar cells 11 form a conductive path through the solder strip to create a solar cell chain 10 that meets circuit requirements.

[0080] In some embodiments, the solar cell 11 is a fully functional solar cell. The solar cells 11 can be the entire solar cell or they can be N-cut cells cut from the entire solar cell, where N is greater than or equal to 2; for example, N can be 2, 3, 4, 5, or the like.

[0081] In some embodiments, the solar cell chains 10 are arranged on the cover plate 30 and arranged along the first direction.

[0082] After step S100 and before step S200, the teaching further includes the following: in the first region 10A, a first adhesive tape 15 is provided between the two adjacent solar cell strings 10, and in the second region 10B, a second adhesive tape 16 is provided between the two adjacent solar cell strings 10. The number of first adhesive tapes 15 is greater than or equal to the number of second adhesive tapes 16. In some embodiments, the first adhesive tape 15 can be attached between the two adjacent solar cells 11 of the two adjacent solar cell strings 10 in the first region 10A, and the two adjacent solar cells 11 are connected by the first adhesive tape 15. The second adhesive tape 16 can be attached between the two adjacent solar cells 11 of the two adjacent solar cell strings 10 in the second region 10B, and the two adjacent solar cells 11 are connected by the second adhesive tape 16.

[0083] According to embodiments of the present disclosure, in the first area 10A, the fixing of the two adjacent solar cells 11 in the two adjacent solar cell chains 10 is achieved by arranging the first adhesive strips 15, and at the same time a certain stress buffer is provided. In the second area 10B, the fixing of the two adjacent solar cells 11 in the two adjacent solar cell chains 10 is achieved by arranging the second adhesive strips 16, and at the same time a certain stress buffer is provided.In this way, the supporting fixation of the solar cell chains 10 in the photovoltaic module 100 is achieved by the first adhesive tape 15 and the second adhesive tape 16, and the first adhesive tape 15 and the second adhesive tape 16 can increase the pressure-bearing area and reduce the pressure of the photovoltaic module 100, thereby effectively reducing the stress concentration in the second area 10B and improving the structural reliability of the photovoltaic module 100.

[0084] S200, in the first area liquid adhesive is dispensed between the two adjacent solar cell chains 10 and cured to form first adhesive spots 12, and in the second area 10B liquid adhesive is dispensed between the two adjacent solar cell chains 10 and cured to form second adhesive spots 13, wherein the number of first adhesive spots 12 is less than or as large as the number of second adhesive spots 13 to obtain the solar cell chain group 101.

[0085] In some embodiments, dispensing equipment, such as a visual dispensing system, can be used to dispense the liquid adhesive. A dispensing head of the visual dispensing system moves to the position between the two adjacent solar cell arrays 10 to dispense the liquid adhesive, and the positional accuracy of the visual dispensing system is ± 0.05 mm.

[0086] In some embodiments, the liquid adhesive includes light-curing acrylate adhesive.

[0087] In some embodiments, curing takes place within 1 second after the liquid adhesive is dispensed.

[0088] In some embodiments, a light curing mechanism, such as an ultraviolet (UV) LED point light source or a UV LED area light source, can be used for curing.

[0089] In some embodiments, the irradiation energy of the light curing mechanism ranges from 1000 mJ / cm². 2 up to 2000 mJ / cm² 2 , which is, for example, 1000 mJ / cm² 2 , 1200 mJ / cm 2 , 1500 mJ / cm 2 , 1700 mJ / cm 2 , 1900 mJ / cm 2 , 2000 mJ / cm 2 or any value within the range consisting of any two of the above values.

[0090] In some embodiments, the curing time ranges from 1 s to 2 s, which may be, for example, 1 s, 1.3 s, 1.5 s, 1.8 s, 2 s or any value within the range consisting of any two of the above values.

[0091] The instant curing of the liquid adhesive is achieved by the light-curing mechanism. For example, during the dispensing of the liquid adhesive, the light-curing mechanism moves along with the dispensing equipment and performs instantaneous irradiation curing on the adhesive spot just dispensed by the dispensing head of the equipment. This creates a solid bond between the two adjacent solar cell chains 10 and locks the spacing of the solar cell chains 10. Furthermore, during the subsequent manufacturing of the photovoltaic module 100, the first adhesive spots 12 and second adhesive spots 13 formed do not undergo significant deformation.When the solar cell chains 10 are arranged along the first direction, the distance between the two adjacent solar cell chains 10 can be shortened, thereby enabling the production of the photovoltaic module 100 with an extremely narrow chain spacing. The chain spacing of the photovoltaic module 100 of the present disclosure can range from 0.3 mm to 0.7 mm. Furthermore, compared to the conventional thermosetting adhesive, the light-curing acrylate adhesive of the present disclosure has a short curing time, thus effectively improving production efficiency.

[0092] Conventional epoxy resin adhesives or silica gel adhesives have a slow curing time, generally several minutes or dozens of minutes. Furthermore, the adhesive generates chemical shrinkage stress during curing and the subsequent lamination process, increasing the thermal expansion stress between the adhesive and the solar cell 11 and the adhesive film, making the solar cell 11 susceptible to microcracks. Embodiments of the present disclosure employ a light-curable acrylate adhesive, which can achieve instantaneous curing and improve process efficiency. Moreover, the adhesive does not undergo significant deformation during curing and the subsequent lamination process, resulting in a relatively small tolerance before and after curing, generally controllable within 0.2 mm.

[0093] S300, an electrical connector 14 is provided in the second area 10B.

[0094] In some embodiments, the electrical connector 14 can, for example, be a connecting conductor. The connecting conductor can be arranged between the two adjacent solar cells 11 in the two adjacent solar cell strings 10, and the connecting conductor overlaps at least partially with one of the two adjacent solar cells 11. Alternatively, the connecting conductor can be arranged below one of the two adjacent solar cell strings 10, that is, the electrical connector 14 is arranged on the back side of the solar cell string 10.

[0095] After step S300, the teaching further includes the following: a cover plate 30, an encapsulation adhesive film, the solar cell chain 101 obtained in step S200, an encapsulation adhesive film and a cover plate 30 are arranged successively to prepare a layered component, and a lamination process is carried out on the layered component to obtain the photovoltaic module 100.

[0096] In some embodiments, the temperature of the lamination process ranges from 130 °C to 200 °C, and the time of the lamination process is less than or equal to 15 min.

[0097] The electrical connector 14, provided in embodiments of the present disclosure, leads to a height difference within the photovoltaic module 100, which easily causes uneven local stress. During the lamination process, the area where the electrical connector 14 is distributed bears a greater uneven pressure, which is a key risk point that causes the chain spacing to shift. According to embodiments of the present disclosure, the positioning and tight connection of the solar cells 11 in the solar cell chains 10 are achieved by the first adhesive spot 12 and the second adhesive spot 13, and the supporting fixation and stress distribution of the solar cells 11 in the solar cell chains 10 are achieved by the first adhesive tape 15 and the second adhesive tape 16.The differentiated multi-stage arrangement described above effectively fixes the chain spacing of the photovoltaic module 100. During the lamination process, no significant influence is exerted on the first adhesive tape 15, the second adhesive tape 16, the first adhesive spots 12, and the second adhesive spots 13. This effectively solves the problem of poor chain spacing stability in the photovoltaic module 100 caused by the electrical connector 14, and allows the photovoltaic module 100 to be manufactured with an extremely narrow chain spacing.

[0098] The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present disclosure and are not intended to limit the present disclosure; various modifications and alterations may be made by those skilled in the art. The scope of protection of the present disclosure is to be defined by the claims.

Claims

[1] Photovoltaic module comprising the following: a plurality of solar cell chains arranged along a first direction, wherein a first area or a second area is provided between two adjacent solar cell chains, wherein in the first area a first adhesive spot is provided between the two adjacent solar cell strings and wherein in the second area a second adhesive spot and an electrical connector are provided between the two adjacent solar cell strings and a number of the first adhesive spot is less than or as large as a number of the second adhesive spot. [2] Photovoltaic module according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of solar cell chains each comprise solar cells which are arranged in a second direction and connected in series, and the first direction intersects with the second direction, in the first area the first adhesive spot is arranged between at least some of two adjacent solar cells in the two adjacent solar cell chains and the first adhesive spot is connected to each of the two adjacent solar cells, In the second area, the second adhesive spot is arranged between at least some of the two adjacent solar cells in the two adjacent solar cell chains, and the second adhesive spot is connected to each of the two adjacent solar cells. [3] Photovoltaic module according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the electrical connector is arranged between two adjacent solar cells in the two adjacent solar cell chains and the electrical connector overlaps at least partially with one of the two adjacent solar cells, or the electrical connector is arranged under one of the two adjacent solar cell chains. [4] Photovoltaic module according to claim 2, wherein in the first area the number of the first adhesive spot between the two adjacent solar cells is less than or equal to 4 and in the second area the number of the second adhesive spot between the two adjacent solar cells is greater than or equal to 2. [5] Photovoltaic module according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the height of the first adhesive spot is greater than or as great as the height of the second adhesive spot. [6] Photovoltaic module according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the height of the first adhesive spot ranges from 0.2 mm to 0.4 mm and the height of the second adhesive spot ranges from 0.1 mm to 0.3 mm. [7] Photovoltaic module according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the length of the first adhesive spot and / or the second adhesive spot ranges from 0.8 mm to 1.2 mm and the width of the first adhesive spot and / or the second adhesive spot ranges from 0.8 mm to 1.2 mm. [8] Photovoltaic module according to any of the preceding claims, further comprising: a central region and a peripheral region arranged around the central region, wherein a number of the first adhesive spot in the peripheral region is greater than or as large as the number of the first adhesive spot in the central region and / or a number of the second adhesive spot in the peripheral region is greater than or as large as the number of the second adhesive spot in the central region. [9] Photovoltaic module according to any of the preceding claims, further comprising: a first adhesive tape arranged in the first area, wherein the first adhesive tape is arranged between the two adjacent solar cell strings, a second adhesive tape arranged in the second area, wherein the second adhesive tape is arranged between the two adjacent solar cell chains and a number of the first adhesive tape is greater than or as large as a number of the second adhesive tape. [10] Photovoltaic module according to claim 9, wherein the plurality of solar cell chains each comprises solar cells arranged in a second direction and connected in series, and the first direction intersects with the second direction, in the first area the first adhesive tape is arranged between at least some of two adjacent solar cells in the two adjacent solar cell chains and the first adhesive tape is connected to each of the two adjacent solar cells, and in the second area the second adhesive tape is arranged between at least some of the two adjacent solar cells in the two adjacent solar cell chains and the second adhesive tape is connected to each of the two adjacent solar cells or where in the first area the number of first adhesive tapes between the two adjacent solar cells is less than or equal to 4 and in the second area the number of second adhesive tapes between the two adjacent solar cells is greater than or equal to 2. [11] Photovoltaic module according to one of claims 1 to 8 or according to claim 9 or 10, wherein a material of the first adhesive spot and / or the second adhesive spot is a light-curing acrylate adhesive or wherein the first adhesive tape and / or the second adhesive tape is an acrylate foam adhesive tape and the thickness of the acrylate foam adhesive tape ranges from 0.1 mm to 0.4 mm. [12] Photovoltaic module according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the distance between the two adjacent solar cell chains ranges from 0.3 mm to 0.7 mm.

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