DEVICE AND METHOD FOR LAYER HANDLING OF PLATES OF ITEMS ARRANGED ON TOP OF ONE ANOTHER

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to a device and a method for handling layers of superimposed goods in layers according to the features of the independent claims.

[0002] The present invention relates to a device for unloading stacked containers layer by layer. In the food industry, but also in other sectors, empty containers intended for filling are required, for example, beverage containers such as bottles made of glass or a suitable plastic, in particular PET or similar materials, or cans, for example, made of plastic, aluminum, sheet metal, or similar materials. These are often provided on pallets, with the containers typically stacked in several layers. Between the individual layers, intermediate layers are usually arranged to stabilize the containers and provide a base. These intermediate layers preferably possess a certain degree of stability and are made, for example, of cardboard or a firmer, flat plastic material.In order to use the stacked containers in production, for example to fill them with suitable contents, they must first be depalletized and then transferred to further processing. This is usually done by sliding the top layer of containers onto a suitable surface or conveying device, from where the containers are then moved to the next stage of production.

[0003] As is known, suitable destacking devices for this purpose include a sliding frame that is placed over the uppermost layer to be slid off, encompassing the layer from all sides and ensuring that the relative positions of the containers to each other and within the layer are essentially maintained during the sliding process. The sliding frame particularly prevents the containers from tipping over during the sliding process.

[0004] The intermediate layer arranged beneath the containers of the layer to be removed is preferably fixed in place during the removal process, as otherwise the device and method for handling the stacked layers of individual items would easily be pulled along during removal, which would generally disrupt further processing. The intermediate layer is removed in a subsequent process step to allow processing of the layer of containers below.

[0005] Such a device for unloading stacked layers of articles layer by layer is described, for example, in patent specification DE 26 35 638 C2. The device comprises a sliding frame for pushing off the respective layer of articles to be depalletized and a cardboard layer holder that holds the cardboard interlayer in place during the pushing off of the layer of articles.

[0006] Utility model DE 20 2013 103 400 U1 describes a destacker for container layers with a height-adjustable layer pusher and a height-adjustable push-off floor for pushing off the container layer, as well as a layer holder for securing the next lower container layer.

[0007] To secure the intermediate layer, the designated holding devices must engage with it in such a way that the removal of the container layer is not impeded. Furthermore, the holding devices should generally only engage areas of the intermediate layer where no containers are resting. Therefore, the positioning of the holding devices depends on the containers to be depalletized and their arrangement within the layer. When changing products, the positions of the holding devices usually need to be adjusted accordingly, depending on the container size, shape, arrangement, etc. In some cases, the holding devices may need to be completely replaced to meet the specific product requirements.

[0008] As is well known, various types of gripping devices are used as holding elements. Depending on the application, between two and four gripping units are used. These are manually adjusted once during a product change to the respective container size and remain in this position until the next format change.

[0009] Patent specification CN 103 612 918 B, for example, discloses a bottle unloading machine comprising a frame, a bottle lifting mechanism, and a bottle transfer mechanism. The intermediate layer is held by an intermediate layer gripper while the bottles are transferred.

[0010] Utility models CN 203 095 165 U and CN 203 602 055 U and Japanese document JP 3597884 also show unloading devices, each with clamping grippers for holding the intermediate layer.

[0011] The patent application US 5256028 A, which discloses the features of the preamble of claim 1, describes a device for handling material arranged on a support surface (= intermediate plate). The intermediate plates can be fixed by clamping means.

[0012] German patent application DE 19515998 A discloses a method and a device for depalletizing with an intermediate plate between the stack layers, which projects laterally with an overhang. The intermediate plate is laterally fixed in position by means of clamping jaws.

[0013] Utility model CN ​​203095170 U describes a bottle unloading machine. A gripper is equipped with opposing clamping elements that engage opposite sides of the intermediate layer and secure it between them. These clamping elements interact with suction cups when the intermediate layer is removed. At this point, no items are present on the intermediate layer.

[0014] The patent application JP H08225154 A4 discloses two clamping devices that engage a longitudinal side of the intermediate layer. The clamping devices are each arranged on a spindle adjustment mechanism so that the position can be set.

[0015] The patent application EP 3025988 A1 describes a transfer device for transferring preformed layers of products between an external conveyor and a pallet on which layers can form a stack, wherein the transfer device comprises a support structure with at least one vertical guide column, furthermore a base mounted on the at least one guide column and receiving the preformed layer, and a tool for transferring a layer which is mounted on the support structure.

[0016] The object of the invention is to provide a device and a method for handling layers of stacked goods in layers, which can be quickly and cost-effectively adapted to the new product when changing products.

[0017] The above problem is solved by a device and a method for handling stacked layers of individual parts in layers, comprising the features in the independent claims. Further advantageous embodiments are described in the dependent claims.

[0018] The stacked layers of individual items each comprise a plurality of items, arranged in a defined layering scheme. A flat intermediate layer is placed between each layer of individual items. The items can be individual products, particularly containers, bottles, and / or cans. These can be filled or empty and can be either single-use or reusable packaging. Such devices are used, in particular, to unload pallets of clean empty bottles so that they can be filled and assembled for sale in subsequent production steps. The intermediate layers are preferably made of stiff paper, cardboard, or a plastic material.

[0019] The device comprises at least one frame with a sliding frame, horizontally movable within the frame, for the individual items, in particular for removing the respective uppermost layer of items. Furthermore, at least one intermediate layer removal device is provided, which removes an intermediate layer arranged on the respective uppermost layer of items and transfers it, for example, into a magazine or similar, before the respective uppermost layer of items is transferred to a conveying device to feed the items to further processing.

[0020] In particular, the individual items in the loading area are secured on all sides by the sliding frame during the pushing or transfer process. For this purpose, the sliding frame includes, for example, four adjustable centering walls between which the items are clamped and thus fixed in their position relative to each other.

[0021] A horizontal movement of the transfer frame in a transfer direction moves the clamped layer of components onto the discharge conveyor. The component layer may optionally be guided over a transfer area located in the same horizontal plane, or substantially in the same horizontal plane, as the intermediate layer positioned below the component layer. The discharge conveyor has a conveying surface for the component layer, which is also located in the same horizontal plane, or optionally slightly below it.

[0022] To prevent the intermediate layer located below the top layer of individual items from being pulled along during the pushing or overrunning of the top layer of items towards the outgoing conveying device, the device includes at least one fixing device for the intermediate layer. The fixing device has at least two fixing elements for holding the intermediate layer in place. Specifically, the fixing elements engage between adjacent items of the top layer and hold the intermediate layer in place while the top layer of items is pushed off in the overrun direction. The appropriate arrangement of the fixing elements prevents contact between the fixing elements and the items that could lead to damage, displacement, or tipping of the items.Depending on the specific items in the storage area, the fixing devices must be repositioned when changing products in order to engage the intermediate layer at an optimized position. To facilitate easy adjustment of the two fixing devices, they are designed to be adjustable relative to each other.

[0023] According to the invention, at least one detection means, in particular a sensor, is provided for detecting the individual items in the uppermost layer of individual items and / or for detecting the intermediate layer arranged below the uppermost layer of individual items. For example, intermediate areas between the individual items can be detected using camera detection. The information obtained can be used to correctly position the fixing elements of the fixing device so that they engage the intermediate layer between the individual items. For this purpose, the at least one sensor detects position data and / or other detection values ​​of the individual items and / or the intermediate layer and transmits this information to a control unit of the device. The control unit then determines a distance to be set between the at least two fixing elements and in turn controls the adjustment means for the fixing elements, for example, linear motors or similar devices.to set the calculated position of the fixing agents.

[0024] According to one embodiment of the invention, the fixing means are arranged in a common horizontal plane, and the distance between the fixing means within this horizontal plane can be adjusted. The distance is selected such that the fixing means engage the intermediate layer between two adjacent workpieces. The adjustment of the position of the at least two fixing means, and consequently the distance between them, can be achieved, for example, by means of suitable linear motors assigned to each fixing means.

[0025] The fixing means are designed, for example, as clamping grippers or pincer grippers, whereby the closing of the fixing means to fix the intermediate layer and the opening of the fixing means to release the intermediate layer can preferably be realized by means of pneumatic cylinders, electric motor drives or electric cylinders, i.e. electric linear drives or the like.

[0026] According to one embodiment, the fixing device is integrated into the frame of the device. A first section of the frame extends above the layer of goods to be handled, and a second section of the frame extends above the discharge conveyor. For example, the frame extends approximately halfway above the layer of goods to be handled and approximately halfway above the discharge conveyor. Within a horizontal plane, the frame preferably defines a rectangular area with a width greater than the width of the layers of goods to be handled and a length at least twice the length of the layers of goods to be handled.In particular, the frame has first frame elements of the aforementioned width, which are arranged transversely to an overrun direction for the unit load layers, and second frame elements of the aforementioned length, which are arranged parallel to the overrun direction for the unit load layers.

[0027] The first frame element, located at the rear in the push-through direction, is associated with a rear edge of the stack of goods in the push-through direction, while the first frame element, located at the front in the push-through direction, is positioned above the discharge conveyor. The sliding frame can be moved back and forth between the first frame elements, with the movement from the stack of goods towards the discharge conveyor representing the movement in the push-through direction. The frame specifically limits the range of motion of the sliding frame.

[0028] The fixing device is preferably associated with the rear first frame element, i.e., the fixing device is arranged transversely to the feed direction of the load layers. In particular, the fixing device is arranged on the frame of the device independently of the sliding frame. In this embodiment, the distance between the fixing means transversely to the feed direction can thus be adjusted depending on the product when the load layers are pushed out.

[0029] The fixing elements can, for example, each be arranged on a carriage along a guide rail. The guide rail is preferably arranged parallel to the rear first frame element. By moving the carriages along the guide rails, the position of the fixing elements can be readjusted accordingly. This can change the distance between two fixing elements. According to a further embodiment, however, it can also be provided that while the position of the fixing elements within the fixing device is changed, the relative distance between two adjacent fixing elements remains unchanged. The adjustment of the fixing elements can be effected, for example, by suitable linear motors.

[0030] To prevent the individual items from tipping over in the opposite direction and entering the area between the at least two fixing devices, at least one covering device is provided. This covering covers an area between the at least two fixing devices. Furthermore, lateral areas can be covered so that the side of the fixing device facing the position of the individual items forms a largely closed surface. In particular, the covering device is designed such that, if the position of the fixing devices changes, the area covered by the covering device remains unchanged or almost unchanged. For example, the covering device can comprise cover elements, in particular first fixed cover elements and second movable cover elements, wherein the second movable cover elements are, in particular, displaceable relative to the first fixed cover elements.The fixing elements are, for example, movably positioned in gaps between the first fixed aperture elements. These gaps limit the movement range of the fixing elements. To largely cover the gaps in the direction of the individual items, the movable second aperture elements are specifically assigned to the fixing elements and move together with them.

[0031] The covering device can be formed, for example, by so-called bulkheads or guide walls that extend on both sides of the respective fixing elements. These bulkheads or guide walls create a largely closed surface with only a minimal interruption in the area of ​​the fixing elements. The bulkheads or guide walls are adjustable together with the fixing elements. For example, the bulkheads or guide walls are formed by sliding panels that can be moved one above the other.

[0032] The automated adjustment of the clamping device's position, particularly its relative arrangement and adaptation to the specific layer of goods being handled, allows for rapid device adjustment during product changes, eliminating the need for time-consuming manual adjustments or modifications. Specifically, the sensor-based, automatic, selective adjustment, achieved through optical detection of gaps in the layer pattern or similar methods, even enables the handling of pallets with differently shaped, stacked layers of goods. The device and method are particularly advantageous when not all layers of goods on a pallet are homogeneously arranged, as the clamping devices can be adjusted during ongoing production according to the specific layer of goods being handled, without requiring any production interruption for manual adjustments.

[0033] The fixing of the intermediate layers by means of a fixing device as shown can be used for a first embodiment of devices for the layer-by-layer handling of stacked and flat intermediate layers, in which the sliding frame is height-adjustable and picks up the layer of individual items from the pallet at its respective height. In this case, the device further comprises a height-adjustable transfer plate onto which the layer of individual items is slid in a first process step by means of the sliding frame. The transfer plate with the layer of individual items centered by the sliding frame is then brought to the height of the discharge conveyor, and the layer of individual items is slid onto the conveyor.

[0034] The fixing of the intermediate layers can also be used for a second embodiment of devices in which the sliding frame and the discharge transport device are arranged at a fixed height. In this case, a lifting device is provided for the pallet with the layers of individual items arranged one above the other and on flat intermediate layers. This lifting device raises the pallet to a height such that the uppermost layer of items to be transferred to the transport device is positioned at a height corresponding to the height of the sliding frame.

[0035] With the device and method described here, it is therefore possible to adapt the device to the new product in a significantly reduced changeover time during a product changeover and / or to process unit loads that are stacked on top of each other in differently formed unit load layers.

[0036] It should be expressly mentioned here that all aspects and embodiments explained in connection with the device according to the invention equally relate to, or can relate to, partial aspects of the method according to the invention. Therefore, whenever certain aspects, relationships, and / or effects are mentioned in the description or in the definitions of the claims relating to the device according to the invention, this applies equally to the method according to the invention. Conversely, the same applies, so that all aspects and embodiments explained in connection with the method according to the invention equally relate to, or can relate to, partial aspects of the device according to the invention.Therefore, if at any point in the description or in the claim definitions for the method according to the invention certain aspects and / or relationships and / or effects are mentioned, this applies equally to the device according to the invention.

[0037] The following exemplary embodiments of the invention and its advantages will be explained in more detail with reference to the accompanying figures. The relative sizes of the individual elements in the figures do not always correspond to the actual relative sizes, as some shapes are simplified and others are enlarged for better illustration. Fig. 1 shows a side view of a first embodiment of a device for unloading stacked layers of goods in layers. Fig. 2 shows a detail of the deportation station according to Fig. 1 in perspective. Figures 3A to 3Fschematically illustrates a process flow for the layer-by-layer unloading of stacked loads using a device according to the [reference to be added]. Fig. 1 first embodiment shown. Figures 4A to 4E show different perspective views of a fixing device. Fig. 5 shows a side view of a second embodiment of a device for unloading stacked layers of goods in layers.

[0038] Identical reference numerals are used for identical or equivalently functioning elements of the invention. Furthermore, for the sake of clarity, only those reference numerals necessary for describing the respective figure are shown in the individual figures. The illustrated embodiments merely represent examples of how the device or method according to the invention may be configured and do not constitute an exhaustive limitation.

[0039] The schematic view of the Fig. 1 Figure 1 shows a side view of a first embodiment of a device 1 for unloading stacked layers of goods in layers, which is hereinafter referred to in particular as handling device 2a. Fig. 1 An example of a pallet 9 without stacked layers of individual items separated by intermediate layers is shown. Fig. 2 shows a detail of the discharge station 3 of the handling device 2a according to Fig. 1 in perspective.

[0040] The Figures 3A to 3F schematically show a process sequence for the layer-by-layer unloading of stacked loads 10 using a handling device 2a according to Fig. 1 .

[0041] The device 1 or handling device 2a comprises a push-off station 3, which is preferably equipped with at least one leveling mechanism. In particular, the components of the push-off station 3 are arranged on a lifting column 5 so as to be height-adjustable. The push-off station 3 comprises a four-sided centering sliding frame 4 for the respective layers of goods 12 and a transfer plate 6 onto which the respective layer of goods 12 is slid. The push-off station 3 particularly comprises a frame 20 within which the sliding frame 4 is arranged to be horizontally movable. The frame 20 is arranged on the lifting column 5 so as to be height-adjustable, such that adjusting the height of the frame 20 adjusts the height of the sliding frame 4. The frame 20 particularly limits the range of movement of the sliding frame 4 within a respective horizontal plane.

[0042] The frame 20 with the sliding frame 4 is placed over the layer of goods 12 to be transferred from above ( Fig. 3B The four-sided centering side boundaries of the sliding frame 4 are aligned against each other in such a way that they fix the individual items 13 within the item position 12 in their position relative to each other, for example by clamping them against each other. In particular, the side boundaries of the sliding frame 4, which are arranged parallel to each other, are aligned against each other.

[0043] The transfer plate 6 is preferably also designed to be vertically movable and is arranged at a height via a suitable lifting mechanism, such that the top of the transfer plate 6 and the intermediate layer 14 arranged below the uppermost layer of goods 12 are essentially in a horizontal plane ( Fig. 3BPreferably, the overlapping plate 6 can be arranged at a height slightly below the intermediate layer 14. By means of a Fig. 3B The horizontal movement of the sliding frame 4 in the direction of the transfer plate 6, indicated by an arrow, pushes the load layer onto the transfer plate 6 in the transfer direction ÜR ( Fig. 3C ).

[0044] The transfer plate 6, loaded with the unit load layer 12, is now brought to the height level of an unloading table 7. The unit load layer 12 remains fixed by the transfer frame 4; in particular, during this process step, the transfer plate 6 and the frame 20 move synchronously with the transfer frame 4. Fig. 3D ).

[0045] Preferably, the transfer plate 6 and the frame 20 can be arranged at a height slightly above the conveying surface of the discharge table 7. After the transfer plate 6 and the frame 20, together with the sliding frame 4 and the load layer 12 held within the sliding frame 4, are arranged essentially at the same height as the discharge table 7, the load layer 12 is supported by a Fig. 3D Vertical movement of the sliding frame 4, indicated by an arrow, in the overrun direction ÜR onto the discharge table 7 ( Fig. 3E ).

[0046] The frame 20 with the sliding frame 4 and the transfer plate 6 are moved upwards, so that the unit load position 12 is now arranged on the discharge table 7 ( Fig. 3F). The discharge table 7 is formed, for example, by a conveyor belt 8 or similar, via which the layer of goods 12 can be transported away in the conveying direction FR and fed to further processing devices (not shown).

[0047] Furthermore, an adjustable intermediate layer lifter 9 is provided, which can, for example, include several vacuum suction cups 10 or similar devices for lifting and removing the intermediate layer 14 located below the (uppermost) layer of goods 12 being pushed over it. The intermediate layer 14 is removed, for example, while the layer of goods 12 is on the transfer plate 6 or while the layer of goods 12 is being pushed over onto the discharge table 7 ( Figures 3E, 3F ).

[0048] If necessary, the pallet 11 with the stacked layers of individual items 12 may be arranged on a lifting table in order to raise them to a suitable height if required.

[0049] As in Fig. 2As shown, the device 1, in particular the discharge station 3 of the handling device 2a, further comprises a fixing device 15 for fixing the intermediate layer 14 arranged under the respective uppermost layer of goods 12 to be discharged when the goods 13 are discharged onto the transfer plate 6. The fixing device 15 comprises in particular at least two fixing means 15 which are adjustable relative to each other, wherein in particular a distance A16 between the at least two fixing means 16 can be adjusted (cf. Fig. 4B ).

[0050] The fixing device 15 is arranged on the frame 20 of the push-off station 3 and is thus vertically movable with it. During the sliding of the load layer 12 in the sliding direction ÜR by the sliding frame 4 of the push-off station 3, the fixing means 16 engage the intermediate layer 14 located below the respective load layer 12 and thereby prevent the intermediate layer 14 from being carried along in the direction of the sliding plate 6.

[0051] The frame 20 comprises, in particular, two parallel first frame elements 21, which are oriented transversely to the transfer direction ÜR of the unit load layer 12 from the pallet 11 onto the transfer plate 6, and furthermore, two parallel second frame elements 22, which extend between the first frame elements 21 and are perpendicular to them. Thus, the second frame elements 22 extend parallel to the transfer direction ÜR. In particular, the fixing device 15 is assigned to the first frame element 21 of the frame 20 that is rearward in the transfer direction ÜR. The fixing device 15 is preferably arranged below the movement area of ​​the sliding frame 4 on the frame 20.

[0052] The Figures 4A to 4E show different perspective views of the fixing device 15. In particular, the Figures 4A and 4B Views in which the general cargo layer 12 and intermediate layer 14 (see Figures 3) the indicating side of the fixing device 15 is visible. Fig. 4C The fixing device 15 is shown from the rear, which Fig. 4D shows a perspective view, while the Fig. 4E shows a view from above.

[0053] The fixing device 15 comprises two fixing elements 16, each formed, for example, by grippers 17. These can be pneumatically or electrically operated, in particular by opening and closing. To fix the respective intermediate layer 14, the grippers 17 are moved at least partially towards the intermediate layer 14 and grip it, for example, between clamping jaws or similar. The grippers 17 can be controlled individually or together. The grippers 17 grip the intermediate layer 14 below a layer of components 12 to be slid over it and hold it firmly during the sliding process. Fig. 3B). After the unit load layer 12 has been slid onto the transfer plate 6, the gripper jaws 17 are opened, thus ending the fixation of the intermediate layer 14 by the gripper jaws 17, so that the intermediate layer 14 can now be grasped by the intermediate layer lifter 9 and transferred to a suitable storage area.

[0054] To prevent the grippers 17 from colliding with and damaging, shifting, or tipping over individual items 13 in the item layer 12 when holding the intermediate layer 14, it is advantageous for the grippers 17 to engage the intermediate layer 14 in areas between individual items 13. These so-called clamping areas depend on the size, shape, and arrangement of the items 13 within the item layer 12. In particular, the position of the grippers 17 must be adjusted when changing products so that they engage the intermediate layer 14 between the items 13 for the new product as well.

[0055] In device 1, the fixing means 16, i.e., the gripper jaws 17, are arranged in a common horizontal plane and are adjustable relative to each other within the horizontal plane, so that a distance A16 between the gripper jaws 17 can be set within the horizontal plane and transversely to the push-over direction ÜR as well as transversely to the conveying direction FR (see figure). Fig. 4BThis allows for quick and easy adjustment of the position of the gripper handles 17 relative to the individual items 13 in the storage area 12 to be handled. The horizontal position can be adjusted, for example, via a rail system. Each gripper handle 17, and optionally its electric or pneumatic drive, is located on a carriage 18. The carriages 18 are arranged on a horizontally oriented guide rail 19, so that the position of the gripper handles 17 relative to each other and relative to the individual items 13 in the storage area 12 can be adjusted by moving the carriages 18 along the guide rail 19. The adjustment is controlled by a control unit 25, which is located in Fig. 3A is shown as an example, and serves to control the various machine components of device 1.

[0056] The fixing device 15 is associated with the frame 20, in particular with a rear first frame element 21 arranged transversely to the transfer direction ÜR. This means that the fixing means 16 are height-adjustable together with the frame 20. While the sliding frame 4 with the load layer 12 moves in the transfer direction ÜR towards the transfer plate 6, the fixing means 16 remain in their position and hold the intermediate layer 14 firmly, so that it cannot be pulled along with the load layers 13 in the transfer direction ÜR.

[0057] Alternatively, the fixing device 15 could be arranged in the rear area of ​​the second frame elements 22. Care must be taken to ensure that the fixing device 15 does not impede the movement of the sliding frame 4 in the overrun direction ÜR. Furthermore, it would be advisable to provide two opposing fixing devices 15 to fix the intermediate layer 14 on opposite sides. Otherwise, there is a risk that the intermediate layer 14 will be pulled along on one side when the individual parts 12 are overrun, potentially tearing and / or otherwise disrupting the production process.

[0058] Furthermore, it is provided that each of the fixing devices 16 is assigned at least one cover device 30. The fixing device 15 is, for example, partially covered by a cover strip 31 in the direction of the item layer 12, so that falling items 13 cannot fall into the components of the fixing device 15 and damage them. The cover strip 31 is partially interrupted for the fixing devices 16 so that they can engage the intermediate layer 14. In particular, the interruptions 32 of the cover strip 31 have a width B32 that is significantly wider than the respective fixing devices 16.

[0059] In particular, the width B32 of the interruptions 32 forms an adjustment range 33 for the fixing means 16. Furthermore, the covering device 30 comprises movable aperture areas 34. These are arranged on both sides of the fixing means 16 and are preferably movably associated with the aperture strip 31 together with them. It is specifically provided that the two aperture areas 34 delimiting a fixing means 16 together cover a width B34 that is significantly larger than the width B32 of the interruption 32, so that when the fixing means 16 move laterally within the interruption 32 by means of the aperture strip 31 and the movable aperture areas 34, a largely closed covering of the fixing device 15 exists in the direction of the workpiece position 12. The covering is interrupted only in the area of ​​the fixing means 16.

[0060] The covering device 30 is in particular composed of two parts and comprises at least one aperture strip 31 with at least two interruptions 32, each forming the movement space 33 of the at least two fixing means 16. The interruptions 32 can each be covered by aperture areas 34, which are movable relative to the at least one aperture strip 31 in order to form a largely closed covering of the fixing device 15.

[0061] Furthermore, in Fig. 3AA sensor 40 is shown. The sensor 40 serves to detect the individual items 13 and / or gaps between the individual items 13 within the respective uppermost layer 12 and determines corresponding position data and / or other suitable detection values. The sensor 40 can also detect edge areas of the intermediate layer 14 where no individual items 13 are standing on the intermediate layer 14. In particular, the sensor 40 detects the type and / or shape and / or arrangement of the individual items 12 that are located at the rear edge of the uppermost layer 12. This information is transmitted to the control unit 25. From the data, information is generated that indicates, in particular, at which areas of the intermediate layer 14 the fixing elements 16 can safely engage without touching individual items 13 and thus potentially damaging, displacing, or otherwise affecting them. In particular, a distance A16 to be set between at least two adjacent fixing elements 16 is determined.

[0062] It is intended that the control unit 25 will now use the determined distance value to control the adjustment of the fixing devices 16, so that the position of the fixing devices 16 relative to each other can be automatically adapted to the respective layer pattern of the individual items 12. Thus, it is possible to unload pallets 11 with multiple differently configured individual items 12 safely, easily, and quickly using the device 1, whereby the arrangement of the fixing devices 16 relative to each other can be automatically and optimally adapted to the respective individual item layer 12 being handled.

[0063] The sensor 40 can, for example, be an image recognition unit 41, alternatively the sensor 40 can perform a distance measurement or similar.

[0064] The Fig. 5Figure 1 shows a side view of a second embodiment of a device 1 for unloading stacked layers of goods in layers, which is hereinafter referred to in particular as handling device 2b. Handling device 2b comprises a centering shaft 50. The pallet with the stacked layers of goods separated from each other by means of intermediate layers (not visible) is arranged within the centering shaft 50. A lifting device 52 for the pallet is associated with the centering shaft 50.

[0065] The device 1 or handling device 2b comprises a discharge station 3, which is preferably arranged at a defined height. Below the discharge station 3 and adjacent to the centering shaft 50, the discharge table 7 is arranged, via which the respective layer of goods pushed from the pallet onto the discharge table 7 can be conveyed, for example, via a conveyor belt 8 or another suitable transport device in the conveying direction FR to further processing.

[0066] The discharge station 3 comprises a sliding frame 4 for the respective load layers. The discharge station 3 includes, in particular, a frame 20 arranged above the centering shaft 50 and at least partially above the discharge table 7, within which the sliding frame 4 is designed to be horizontally movable, the movement range of the sliding frame 4 within a horizontal plane being limited by the frame 20.

[0067] The pallet with the stacked layers of individual items is lifted within the centering shaft 50 by the lifting device 52, so that the uppermost layer of items is located within the sliding frame 4, which is arranged in a first working position above the centering shaft. Preferably, the sliding frame 4 is provided with four-sided layer centering; in particular, the four-sided centering end walls of the sliding frame 4 are positioned relative to each other in such a way that they fix the items within the uppermost layer of items in their position relative to each other, for example, by clamping them against each other.

[0068] By moving the transfer frame 4 horizontally in the transfer direction ÜR, the uppermost layer of items is transferred onto the discharge table 7. Optionally, a transfer plate can be arranged between the centering shaft 50 and the discharge table 7. Alternatively, the discharge table 7 can be arranged directly adjacent to the centering shaft 50.

[0069] While the uppermost layer of individual items is transferred to the unloading table 7 by means of the transfer frame 4, the intermediate layer arranged below the uppermost layer of items is fixed by a fixing device 15. The fixing device is preferably designed as described in connection with the Figures 1 to 4 has been described, and reference is hereby made to that description.

[0070] As soon as the top layer of goods is on the discharge table 7, the side boundary of the sliding frame 4, which is advancing in the direction of transfer, is opened, for example swung upwards or moved upwards by an upward vertical movement, so that the goods can be transported away via the conveyor belt 8 in the conveying direction FR.

[0071] Furthermore, this embodiment also includes a height-adjustable intermediate layer lifter 9, which can, for example, comprise several vacuum suction cups 10 or similar devices for lifting and removing the intermediate layer located below the (uppermost) layer of goods that has been pushed over it. The intermediate layer is removed, for example, after the respective uppermost layer of goods has been pushed over onto the discharge table 7.

[0072] The embodiments, examples, and variants described in the preceding paragraphs, the claims, or the following description and the figures, including their various views or individual features, may be used independently or in any combination. Features described in connection with one embodiment are applicable to all embodiments, provided the features are not incompatible.

[0073] Although the figures are generally referred to as "schematic" representations and views, this does not imply that the figure representations and their descriptions are of minor importance with regard to the disclosure of the invention. A person skilled in the art is perfectly capable of extracting sufficient information from the schematic and abstract drawings to facilitate their understanding of the invention, without their understanding being impaired in any way by the drawn and potentially not exactly to-scale dimensions of the components and / or parts of the device or other drawn elements.The figures thus enable the expert reader to derive a better understanding of the inventive concept formulated in the claims and in the general part of the description of general and / or abstract concepts, based on the more concretely explained implementations of the inventive method and the more concretely explained functioning of the inventive device.

[0074] The invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment. However, it is conceivable to a person skilled in the art that modifications or alterations of the invention can be made without departing from the scope of protection of the following claims. Reference symbol list

[0075] 1 Device 2a, 2b Handling device 3 Push-off station 4 Four-sided centering sliding frame 5 Lifting column 6 Transfer plate 7 Outfeed table 8 Conveyor belt 9 Interlayer lifter 10 Vacuum suction cup 11 Pallet 12 Item layer 13 Item 14 Interlayer 15 Fixing device 16 Fixing means 17 Gripper gripper 18 Carriage 19 Guide rail 20 Frame 21 First frame element 22 Second frame element 25 Control unit 30 Cover device 31 Cover strip 32 Interruption 33 Adjustment range 34 Movable cover area 40 Sensor 50 Centering shaft 52 Lifting device A16 Distance B32 Width of interruption B34 Common width of two cover areas FRF Conveyor direction ÜR Transfer direction

Claims

1. A device (1) for the layer-wise handling of piece good layers (12) arranged on top of each other, each piece good layer (12) comprising a plurality of piece goods (13), wherein a flatly designed intermediate layer (14) is arranged between each of the piece good layers (12), the device (1) comprising: • at least one frame (20) comprising a horizontally movable sliding frame (4) for the piece good layer; • at least one device (9) for the removal of intermediate layers; • at least one securing device (15) for securing an intermediate layer (14) when the piece goods (13) of an uppermost piece good layer arranged on this intermediate layer (14) are being pushed off, • wherein the securing device (15) comprises at least two securing means (16) which are designed to be adjustable toward each other, characterised in that the device further • comprises at least one sensor (40) for identifying the piece goods (13) of an uppermost piece good layer (12) and / or for identifying the intermediate layer (14) arranged below the uppermost piece good layer (12), • wherein the at least one sensor (40) determines position data and / or other detection values of the piece goods (13) and / or of the intermediate layer (14), transmits the position data and / or detection values to a control apparatus (25) of the device (1), from these position data and / or detection values determines a distance to be set between the at least two securing means (16), and sets the position of the securing means (16) accordingly.

2. The device (1) according to claim 1, wherein the securing means (16) are arranged in a common horizontal plane, and wherein a distance between the securing means (16) is adjustable within the horizontal plane.

3. The device (1) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the securing means (16) are designed as tong grippers (17).

4. The device (1) according to claim 3, wherein the securing means (16) are actuable in a pneumatic or electric or electromotive manner.

5. The device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the securing device (15) is assigned to the frame (20) and is arranged on a rear frame element (21) of the frame (20) arranged transversely to a transfer direction (ÜR) or conveying direction (FR) in the handling of the piece goods (13).

6. The device (1) according to claim 5, wherein a distance between the securing means (16) transverse to the transfer direction (ÜR) is adjustable when the piece good layers (12) are being pushed off.

7. The device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein at least one cover device (30) is assigned to the securing means (16).

8. The device (1) according to claim 7, wherein the at least one cover device (30) covers an area between the at least two securing means (16) and / or covers an area lateral to one of the at least two securing means (16).

9. The device (1) according to claim 7 or 8, wherein the at least one cover device (30) is constructed in at least two parts.

10. The device (1) according to claim 9, wherein the at least two parts of the cover device (30) are designed to be movable relative to each other.

11. A method for the layer-wise handling of piece good layers (12), which are arranged on top of each other and on flatly designed intermediate layers (14), by means of a device (1) according to one of the claims 1 to 10, • wherein the particular uppermost piece good layer (12) is pushed over onto a proceeding transport device, • wherein, when the uppermost layer of piece goods (12) is being pushed off, the intermediate layer (14) arranged below the uppermost piece good layer is secured by means of a securing device (15) comprising at least two securing means (16), and • wherein the at least two securing means (16) can be adjusted toward each other.