GEARBOXES AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING DIFFERENT GEARBOXES, IN PARTICULAR A GEARBOX SERIES

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a transmission with a first housing part and a method for producing different transmissions, in particular a transmission series.

[0002] It is generally known that a gearbox has a housing part.

[0003] From the EP 2 674 645 A1 The closest state of the art is an oil retention ring.

[0004] From the WO 2012 / 123045 A1 A transmission device is known.

[0005] From the DE 10 2017 206598 A1 A gearbox housing with integrated oil channels is known.

[0006] From the DE 10 2010 053808 A1 A wind power test bench is known.

[0007] From the US 3 681 919 A A hydrostatic machine system is known.

[0008] From the US 3 864 990 A Gearboxes are known.

[0009] From the DE 10 2009 014 314 A1 a gearbox is known.

[0010] The invention is therefore based on the object of making a gearbox simple and cost-effective to manufacture.

[0011] According to the invention, the object is achieved in the transmission according to the claims 1 and in the procedure according to the 11 specified characteristics.

[0012] Further advantages arise from the subclaims.

[0013] The invention will now be explained in more detail using schematic illustrations: In the Figures 1.1 to 6.2 In the upper left area, the cutting direction through a respective gear is shown. The corresponding cross-sectional view is also shown in the respective figure. Figure 1.1 A first section through a gear according to the invention with splash lubrication and shaft seal is shown. Figure 1.2 . is another section through this gearbox. In the Figure 2.1 A first section through a gear unit according to the invention with splash lubrication and dust-protected shaft seal is shown. Figure 1.2. is another section through this gearbox. In the Figure 3.1 A first section through a gear according to the invention with splash lubrication and contactless sealing is shown. Figure 3.2 . is another section through this gearbox. In the Figure 4.1 A first section through a gear according to the invention with pressure lubrication and shaft seal is shown. Figure 4.2 . is another section through this gearbox. In the Figure 5.1 A first section through a gear according to the invention with pressure lubrication and dust-protected shaft seal is shown. Figure 5.2 . is another section through this gearbox. In the Figure 6.1 A first section through a gear according to the invention with pressure lubrication and contactless sealing is shown. Figure 6.2 . another section through this gearbox is shown.

[0014] As in Figure 1.1and 1.2 As shown, the gearbox features a splash lubrication system. The rotating gearing parts are immersed in the gearbox's oil sump and project oil into the gearbox's interior up to its upper inner wall or ceiling, formed on a housing part 8 of the gearbox. Oil dripping from there is collected in a collecting trough and directed into an oil inlet 10, which is incorporated into a housing part 1.

[0015] This inlet 10 has a radial bore machined in the housing part 1, which opens into a recess in the housing part 1 covered by the housing part 8 of the gearbox.

[0016] From this recess, an axial bore carries the oil further and opens into an axial bore of a cover part 2, which is placed on the housing part 1.

[0017] The housing part 1 accommodates a first angular contact bearing 9, in particular a tapered roller bearing, of a fixed bearing and a second angular contact bearing 21, in particular a spherical roller bearing, acting as a loose bearing for supporting the input shaft, which is connected in a rotationally fixed manner to a bevel pinion, which is in engagement with a ring gear not shown in the figures, i.e. counter gear of the bevel pinion, which drives a second gear stage of the transmission.

[0018] The inner ring of the angular contact bearing 21 is positioned against a step formed on the input shaft. A spacer sleeve is arranged on the input shaft between the inner rings of the angular contact bearings (9, 21). The inner ring of the first angular contact bearing 9, in particular the two-part fixed bearing, is subjected to axial pressure by a shaft nut 25 screwed onto an external threaded portion of the input shaft via a spacer ring 22, in particular such that the bearings are adjusted.

[0019] The outer rings of the bearings are, on the one hand, positioned against a respective step formed in the housing part 1 and, on the other hand, are axially fixed by means of a retaining ring and / or spacer rings.

[0020] The cover part 2 covers the fixed bearing and is connected to the housing part 1 by means of an intermediate flat seal, in particular an oil-tight one. Instead of the flat seal, however, a seal comprising a surface sealant can also be used, in particular an adhesive being used as the surface sealant.

[0021] The cover part 2 accommodates a shaft seal that runs on the input shaft.

[0022] The cover part has a retaining wall 18 that protrudes radially inward toward the driving shaft. A radial recess is formed between the retaining wall 18 and the shaft seal, in which an oil sump 101 collects. From this oil sump, the driving shaft is moistened with oil as it rotates, and the sealing lip of the shaft seal is also supplied with oil.

[0023] A narrow gap exists between the input shaft and the retaining wall 18, so that there is no oil leakage to an annular space 27 formed on the housing part 1, which radially surrounds the shaft nut 25. Furthermore, an overflow channel 12 arranged higher than the retaining wall 18 is formed on the housing part 1, which opens into the annular space 27 and can be filled from the radial recess formed axially between the shaft seal and the retaining wall 18.

[0024] The oil supplied through the axial bore of the cover part 2 is guided via a radial bore into the area which is formed axially between the shaft sealing ring and the retaining wall 18 on the cover part 2.

[0025] Thus, a first channel is formed in the housing part 1, which supplies oil via the recess to the channel 11 formed in the cover part 2.

[0026] The annular space 27 radially surrounding the shaft nut 25 is open towards the rolling element of the bearing 9, so that oil from the annular space 27 lubricates the first angular contact bearing 9 of the fixed bearing.

[0027] In addition, a compensation channel 13 opens into the first annular space 27 and guides the oil into a second annular space 28, which is formed axially between the bearings (9, 21), in particular between the fixed bearing and the loose bearing, on the housing part 1.

[0028] This second annular space 28 is open axially on both sides to the rolling elements of the bearings (9, 21), in particular the fixed bearing and the floating bearing, so that they can be supplied with oil.

[0029] Although a channel leads from the recess of the housing part 1 into the second annular space 28, this channel is closed with a plug 24.

[0030] Excess oil thus runs through the floating bearing 21 via an overflow 14, which is designed as a sheet metal part and is attached to the housing part 1, into the interior of the gearbox comprising the gear stages.

[0031] The second annular space 28 is formed from a stepped bore, on the step of which a circumferential annular groove is provided.

[0032] A radial bore opening into the compensation channel 13, which is optionally provided for pressure lubrication, is closed by means of a plug 26.

[0033] As in Figure 1.2As shown, the fixed bearing is constructed in two parts, in particular from two angular contact bearings, in particular tapered roller bearings. The oil flowing in on both sides of the rolling elements of the two-part fixed bearing collects in an annular area axially between the rolling elements and experiences a pumping effect there upon rotation of the fixed bearing 9, so that the oil flows into an oil outlet 15 extending axially above the bearings (9, 21) to the remaining interior of the transmission comprising the gear stages.

[0034] The oil lubrication flow thus realized provides lubrication of the bearings (9, 21) and the shaft seal as well as cooling of the cover part 2 and the housing part 1 together with the components surrounded by these two parts.

[0035] As in Figure 2.1 shown together with 2.2, the gearbox there, in contrast to the version according to Figure 1.1 together with 1.2 another cover part 2, into which a flange part 3 is inserted.

[0036] Axially adjacent to the shaft seal is another shaft seal, whose sealing lip also runs on the input shaft. This additional shaft seal is grease-lubricated, with the grease stored in a grease chamber located axially between a dust-protected shaft seal.

[0037] The dust-protected shaft seal has a gap between the input shaft and the flange part 3 and a sheet metal part that projects into a recess in the flange part 3. Furthermore, a plastic dust lip is arranged on the sheet metal part, which is arranged in substantially contact with the flange part 3, with the sheet metal part being arranged at a slight distance from the flange part 3.

[0038] As in Figure 3.1 shown together with 3.2, the gearbox there, in contrast to the design according to Figure 1.1together with 1.2 another cover part 2, which closes the axial bore arranged in the housing part 1 and leading to the cover part 2.

[0039] A flange part 3 is inserted into a central, axially continuous recess in this cover part 2, which accommodates a non-contact seal provided towards the input shaft. This seal requires no lubricating oil and must be separated from the lubricating oil. For this purpose, the retaining wall 18 formed on the cover part 2 has only a gap towards the input shaft, and the non-contact seal inserted on the flange part 3 seals off the input shaft should oil possibly enter the axial inner side of the non-contact seal. Thus, a first seal 19 is designed as a gap seal and a second seal 20 as a non-contact seal, in particular a labyrinth seal.

[0040] The non-contact seal is preferably designed as a labyrinth seal.

[0041] The oil flow is now altered by a removed plug 24, which allows oil from the recess of the housing part 1 to pass through a radial bore into the second annular space 28. This is because no oil flows through the axial bore of the housing part 1 supplied by the recess due to the closure provided by the cover part 2.

[0042] The rolling elements of bearings 9 and 21 are supplied from the second annular space 28.

[0043] In addition, the oil also flows from the second annular space 28 through the compensation channel 13 to the first annular space 27 and from there from the axial front to the rolling elements of the first angular contact bearing 9, in particular to the rolling elements of the first part of the first angular contact bearing 9 of the fixed bearing.

[0044] The oil that has arrived in the center of the bearing 9 is again pumped into the outlet 15 when the fixed bearing moves.

[0045] However, if oil enters the annular space between cover part 2 and flange part 3 arranged axially between the dust-protected shaft seal and the cover part 2, this is drained away through a downwardly leading radial bore in the cover part 2, which opens into an axial bore in the cover part 2, which either opens itself or via a radial bore directed further downwards into the oil sump of the gearbox.

[0046] As in Figure 4.1 shown together with 4.2, the gearbox there, in contrast to the design according to Figure 1.1 together with 1.2 another cover part 2, which in turn closes the axial bore arranged in the housing part 1 and leading to the cover part 2.

[0047] For the pressure lubrication version, the plug 26 is removed and an oil line is connected to the radial bore in the housing part 1, and from there oil is pressed into an axial bore, which is closed off from the second annular space 28 by means of a plug 5. The axial bore opens into a channel, in particular consisting of an axial bore and a radial bore, wherein the channel in the cover part 2 opens into the annular space arranged axially between the shaft sealing ring accommodated in the cover part 2 and the retaining wall 18.

[0048] From this annular space, oil then flows to the first annular space 27 and from there, on the one hand, to the rolling elements of bearing 9 and, on the other hand, through an axial bore, which is circumferentially spaced from the compensating bore, into the second annular space 28, from which, in turn, the rolling elements of bearings 9 and 21 are supplied with oil. The oil then exits the bearing 21 on the side axially facing away from the second annular space 28 into the interior of the transmission, which encompasses the gear stages.

[0049] As in Figure 5.1 shown together with 5.2, the gearbox there, in contrast to the design according to Figure 4.1 together with 4.2 another cover part 2, into which in turn a flange part is inserted, which has another shaft sealing ring supplied with lubricating grease from the grease chamber and the dust-protected shaft seal.

[0050] The lubrication of the shaft seal directly facing the shaft nut, i.e. the first one, is carried out as in the version according to Figure 4.1 together with Figure 4.2 .

[0051] The oil supplied under pressure is pressed through the channel arranged in the cover part 2 into the space between the flange part 3 and the cover part 2, whereby the space is limited not only by the flange part 3 and the cover part 2, but also by the first shaft sealing ring, which is thus supplied with oil.

[0052] As in Figure 6.1 shown together with 6.2, the gearbox there, in contrast to the version according to Figure 4.1 together with 4.2, another cover part 2, into which a flange part with a non-contact seal is inserted. The non-contact seal is again as in the version according to Figure 3.1 executed together with 3.2.

[0053] In contrast, the oil supplied under pressure is pressed from the axial bore of the housing part 1 into the second annular space 28 because the first annular space 27 is blocked by a plug 6 in the axial bore

[0054] The first annular space 27 is supplied with oil from the second annular space 28 via the compensation channel 13.

[0055] The rolling elements of bearings 9 and 21 are supplied axially on both sides from the second annular space 28, which is filled with oil under pressure via the axial bore. The fixed bearing consists of two angular contact bearings, in particular tapered roller bearings. The oil accumulating in the axial intermediate area between the two angular contact bearings is pumped upwards into the outlet 15 by the pumping action of the fixed bearing, which consists of the first angular contact bearing 9 and the second angular contact bearing. From there, it flows into the remaining interior of the gearbox.

[0056] The oil flowing out of bearing 21 on its side facing away from bearing 9 is fed directly into the interior of the gearbox comprising the gear stages.

[0057] In the Figure 7 Different mounting positions of the gearbox are shown, which can be covered with the above-mentioned designs. Of course, one of the shown designs cannot cover all of the mounting positions shown. However, using all designs according to the Figures 1.1 to 6.2 which in Figure 7 shown variety of spatial positions can be realized. In addition Other spatial positions are also possible, which result from swiveling the gear around any spatial axes.

[0058] In further embodiments according to the invention, the transmission is designed in several stages, wherein the input gear stage continues to be an angular gear stage and the subsequent spur gear stages. List of reference symbols

[0059] 1 Housing part 2 Cover part 3 Flange part 4 Sheet metal part, in particular retaining plate 5 First plug 6 First plug 7 Pressure oil line 8 Housing part 9 Bearing 10 Oil inlet 11 Channel 12 Overflow channel 13 Compensation channel 14 Overflow 15 Oil outlet 16 Oil return channel 17 Pressure oil inlet channel 18 Retaining wall 19 First seal 20 Second seal 21 Bearing 22 Spacer ring 23 Plug 24 Plug 25 Shaft nut 26 Plug 27 First annular space 28 Second annular space 100 Oil flow required by the bearing 101 Oil sump for shaft seal 102 Oil sump for start-up lubrication

Claims

1. A gear unit having a first housing part (1), a second housing part (8) connected to the first housing part (1), and bearings (9, 21) received in the first housing part (1), by means of which bearings an input shaft is rotatably mounted, wherein the input shaft protrudes through a cutout which passes through the first housing part (1), wherein the first housing part (1) protrudes through a second cutout which passes through the second housing part (8), wherein a cover part (2) is connected to the first housing part (1), wherein the cover part (2) is connected to the first housing part (1) sealed off in an oil-tight manner from the surroundings, wherein the cover part (2) or a flange part (3) inserted into the cover part (2) receives a seal arrangement which seals off towards the input shaft, wherein the second housing part (8) has an inlet (10) for lubricating oil which opens into an axial bore, which is formed in the first housing part (1) and is embodied open towards a side of the first housing part (1) which faces the cover part (2), and into a second annular space (28), the opening of the axial bore which faces towards the cover part (2) is covered and closed by the cover part (2), to form a blind hole, wherein, together with the second housing part (8) and together with a spacer bushing arranged on the input shaft, rolling elements of two bearings (9, 21) form the edge of the first annular space (27), characterised in that the second annular space (28) is provided on a stepped bore, which has an axially oriented bore axis, of the first housing part (1), which stepped bore has an annular groove running around a step of the stepped bore, with lubricating oil being conducted out of the second annular space (28) by way of a compensation bore (13) into a first annular space (27), from which the rolling elements of a first one (9) of the bearings, in particular of a first angular contact bearing of the fixed bearing, are supplied with lubricating oil, with the first annular space (27) being formed as a pot-shaped indentation in the cover part (2) and being limited both by the cover part (2) and by the first housing part (1), with the first bearing (9) being embodied as a fixed bearing constructed in two parts from two bearing parts, with each of the bearing parts being embodied in each case as an angular contact bearing, with the oil which flows in on either side on the rolling elements of the first bearing (9) which is embodied in two parts flowing into an annular region axially between the rolling elements of the two bearing parts and from there (100), upon the rotary movement of the two-part bearing (9), being conveyed into an oil outlet (15) arranged above the bearings (9, 21) towards the remaining interior of the gear unit which encompasses the gear stages.

2. A gear unit according to claim 1, characterised in that the rolling elements of the first one (9) of the bearings (9) are arranged in the oil sump formed in the first annular space (27).

3. A gear unit according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the oil passing through the second one (21) of the two bearings (9, 21), in particular through the movable bearing, flows into the interior of the gear unit which encompasses the gear stages of the gear unit, in particular the oil passing through the second one (21) of the two bearings (9, 21), in particular through the movable bearing, flows into the interior of the gear unit which encompasses the gear stages of the gear unit and into the oil sump (102) there.

4. A gear unit according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that a collecting channel arranged in the interior of the gear unit, in particular for collecting oil dripping down and / or being splashed around, opens into the inlet (10), in particular with the collecting channel capturing lubricating oil dripping down from the inner wall of the second housing part (8) and conducting it to the inlet (10).

5. A gear unit according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the two bearings (9, 21), in particular the movable bearing and the fixed bearing, are spaced apart from each other by means of a spacer bushing arranged on the input shaft.

6. A gear unit according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the seal arrangement has a first shaft sealing ring or a contactless seal (19), in particular labyrinth seal, in particular with a further shaft sealing ring lubricated with grease being arranged axially next to the first shaft sealing ring, in particular with the seal arrangement additionally having a shaft seal which is protected from dust.

7. A gear unit according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the entire interior of the gear unit encompasses the annular region, the first and second annular spaces (28) and also the rest of the interior.

8. A gear unit according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that on the first housing part (1) there is arranged a retaining wall (18), in particular one embodied as a sheet-metal part (4), with a gap being present between the input shaft and the retaining wall (18).

9. A gear unit according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the bearings (9, 21), in particular the fixed bearing and the movable bearing, are braced against one another by a shaft nut screwed onto a threaded region of the input shaft.

10. A gear unit according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the region covered in the axial direction by the shaft nut (25) overlaps with the region covered in the axial direction by the cover part (2).

11. A method for producing different gear units according to one of the preceding claims, in particular a series of gear units, wherein either in order to produce a first gear unit the cover part (2) is connected to the first housing part (1) or alternatively in order to produce a second gear unit, instead of the cover part (2) a second cover part is connected to the first housing part (1), wherein the second cover part has a duct (11) into which the axial bore opens, wherein the duct (11) supplies a seal arrangement received in particular in the second cover part, in particular the shaft sealing ring of the seal arrangement, with oil.

12. A method according to claim 11, characterised in that in the case of the second gear unit an overflow duct (12), in particular an overflow duct (12) arranged in the cover part, opens on one hand into that region of the cover part (2) which receives the seal arrangement and on the other hand opens into the first annular space (27).

13. A method according to claim 11 or 12, wherein as a further alternative in order to produce a third gear unit instead of the cover part (2) and instead of the second cover part a third cover part is connected to the first housing part (1), wherein the third cover part has a duct (11) which opens into a spatial region which receives the seal arrangement and into which a pressure-oil inflow duct (17) which is arranged in the first housing part (1) opens.