CIVIL ENGINEERING MACHINE

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a civil engineering machine with an undercarriage comprising a chassis, a superstructure rotatably mounted on the undercarriage about a vertical axis of rotation, a mast with a linear guide along which a work carriage with a construction work tool is movably mounted, and a linkage mechanism with which the mast is adjustably mounted on the superstructure, according to the preamble of claim 1.

[0002] Underground construction machines with pile drivers are well-known and are used, for example, for installing bored piles in the ground, ground anchors, or for driving sheet piles into the soil by vibration or driving. These machines are particularly useful for carrying out foundation work for or along structures.

[0003] A mast is essentially a vertical mast with a longitudinal guide at its front. A work carriage with a construction tool is slidably mounted along this longitudinal guide. Such a civil engineering machine with a mast, where a vibratory roller is used as the construction tool, is described, for example, in EP 3 228 382 B1.

[0004] The mast is connected to a mobile carrier unit via a linkage mechanism. In EP 3 228 382 B1, the linkage mechanism features pivoting levers in a parallelogram arrangement, whereby the distance between the mast and the carrier unit can be adjusted by pivoting these levers. Due to the mechanics, any change in the distance between the mast and the carrier unit always results in a corresponding change in its position in the vertical direction.

[0005] This can be compensated for by a holding device with which the vertical mast is vertically adjustable and connected to the parallelogram arrangement of the swivel levers.

[0006] In certain cases, it is necessary to carry out such foundation work near or along railway tracks. For example, it is known from the generic EP 0 392 310 B1 to equip a conventional excavation machine with an undercarriage that allows it to travel on rails. This enables the excavation machine, thus equipped and retrofitted, to be moved along the tracks in order to carry out the necessary excavation work from a working position on the tracks.

[0007] Such retrofitted construction machines can generally only travel relatively short distances on tracks. Furthermore, due to the relatively narrow track gauge compared to a normal wheeled or crawler undercarriage, there is reduced stability against tipping.

[0008] CN 108 505 518 A, which discloses the preamble of claim 1, proposes a horizontally fixed actuating cylinder for mounting the mast, which supports the mast. Compensation for the vertical alignment of the mast is achieved by a second telescopic actuating cylinder. GB 1 133 072 A also presents a comparable mounting for the mast, wherein the horizontally fixed actuating cylinder is mechanically actuated.

[0009] EP 1 077 306 A1 discloses the known parallelogram arrangement for supporting the mast with a telescopic upper actuating cylinder and a lower pivoting support arm of fixed length. JP 2014 025200 A proposes a mounting of the mast that is essentially comparable.

[0010] CN 211 898 371 U proposes mounting on a horizontally movable boom in sliding tracks, which can be attached to a suitable machine.

[0011] It is also known to mount an existing excavation machine with a wheeled or tracked undercarriage onto a railway transport wagon. With such a conventional railway wagon, a longer distance can generally be covered at a higher speed on the tracks. However, with conventional excavation machines, such arrangements often present the problem that only relatively small machines can be used in order not to exceed a maximum height imposed by overhead lines or railway tunnels. Furthermore, mounting a conventional excavation machine on a railway transport wagon raises the machine's center of gravity above the ground, which also reduces its stability. This, in turn, results in a corresponding limitation of the excavation machine's working area and its range of applications.

[0012] The invention is based on the TaskThe basis is to specify a civil engineering machine with a leader, with which construction measures can be carried out in a particularly efficient manner.

[0013] The problem is solved by a deep-construction machine with the features of claim 1. Preferred embodiments of the invention are specified in the dependent claims.

[0014] The underground construction machine according to the invention is characterized in that the linkage mechanism has a telescopic arm with which the distance of the mast relative to the superstructure can be adjusted.

[0015] A key concept of the invention is to incorporate a linkage mechanism with a telescopic arm into a mast on a trenching machine, wherein the telescopic arm is essentially horizontally oriented. Thus, by extending or retracting the telescopic arm, the distance between the mast and the superstructure, and therefore the carrier machine, can be changed. In particular, the use of a length-adjustable telescopic arm can replace a parallelogram linkage with pivot levers.

[0016] Furthermore, a telescopic arm with adjustable length allows for changes in the mast's distance without significantly affecting its vertical position. Additionally, the linkage mechanism can be designed to be simple and compact. This results in a particularly compact overall design for the excavation machine, especially with a relatively low overall height for the superstructure and linkage mechanism.

[0017] According to the invention, a particularly good adjustability of the boom is achieved by pivoting the telescopic arm about a horizontal pivot axis on the superstructure. In particular, the telescopic arm can be pivotally hinged in an upper region of the superstructure. The telescopic arm, or the pivoting mechanism, is connected to the boom in a lower region, so that the boom can be folded forward. A pivot cylinder, in particular a hydraulic cylinder, can be provided for pivoting the telescopic arm.

[0018] Another advantageous embodiment of the underground construction machine according to the invention consists in the fact that the mast is held on the telescopic arm by a holding device and that the mast is slidably mounted on the holding device parallel to its linear guide. The holding device can, in particular, have a support beam which is pivotably mounted on the telescopic arm. The mast is preferably slidably mounted parallel to its linear guide along the support beam of the holding device. This allows the vertical position of the mast and its relative position to the telescopic arm to be easily changed.

[0019] To further improve the adjustability of the mast, one embodiment of the invention prefers that the holding device has a pivoting unit with which the mast can be pivoted about a mast pivot axis that is parallel to the linear guide of the mast. Thus, the mast can be adjusted and set about a vertical axis that is parallel to the linear guide.

[0020] A further advantageous embodiment of the invention consists in the fact that a detachable connecting unit is arranged on the holding device, with which the mast can be easily detachably connected to the telescopic arm. Thus, the mast can be mechanically detached from the telescopic arm and removed from it if necessary.

[0021] A particular advantage is that the detachable connection unit can be actuated automatically. Preferably, the connection unit can have hydraulically actuated retaining bolts that are adjustable between a locking and an unlocking position. In this way, a slight mechanical decoupling between the mast and the telescopic arm can be achieved, for example, when the mast is moved into an approximately horizontal transport position. Existing cable connections, especially for power and / or data lines, can also be disconnected or, preferably, remain in place between the mast and the telescopic arm. For this purpose, the connecting lines can be designed with corresponding additional lengths.

[0022] A further development of the invention offers a particular advantage: the mast can be pivoted from a substantially vertical operating position to a substantially horizontal rest position, which is located longitudinally in front of the superstructure. This allows for easy repositioning of the mast into a horizontal rest or transport position.

[0023] It is particularly advantageous that the mast rests on a shelf in its resting position and that, in this resting position, it can be detached from the telescopic arm by releasing the connecting unit. This detachment can be partial or complete.

[0024] According to the invention, the undercarriage is designed as a track-bound undercarriage with a chassis and wheels for travel on railway tracks. By combining it with a steering mechanism featuring a telescopic arm, a track-bound underground construction machine can be created which, when the mast is folded down, has a particularly compact overall height. This is especially advantageous for operations along railway tracks, where strict height restrictions apply due to tunnels and existing overhead lines.

[0025] A particular advantage is that the platform for placing the mast is designed on a transport wagon. This transport wagon can itself be a track-bound wagon with wheels for travel on railway tracks. The transport wagon can be coupled to the undercarriage of the excavation machine as an additional wagon. The mast can then be placed on the transport wagon, with the connection between the mast and the telescopic arm being either completely or partially disconnected, with any connection being established solely via connecting lines.

[0026] According to a further development of the invention, it is preferred that the telescopic arm is hydraulically actuated. Preferably, a hydraulic cylinder can be arranged within the telescopic arm. The telescopic arm can preferably have a square, preferably rectangular, cross-section, so that it can ensure reliable linear guidance of the mast during extension and retraction. The telescopic arm can be adjusted about the horizontal pivot axis by means of at least one pivot cylinder and thus angled relative to the horizontal.

[0027] According to a further embodiment of the invention, it is particularly advantageous that the connecting unit is pivotably mounted relative to the telescopic arm. An additional actuating cylinder can also be provided on the connecting unit for pivoting. The pivotability of the connecting unit relative to the telescopic arm ensures that the mast remains vertically aligned even at a certain angle of attack of the telescopic arm.

[0028] In general, any construction implement can be attached to the excavation machine. According to one embodiment of the invention, it is particularly advantageous for the construction implement to have a vibrator, a drilling drive, a pile driver, a sheet pile press, or a milling machine on the work carriage. The pile driver can, in particular, include a striking or hammering unit.

[0029] A drilling drive can be used to create a drilling rig, which is used, in particular, to create bored piles or foundation piles in the ground, whereby the drilled hole is filled with a preferably hardenable material, especially concrete. The drilling rig can also be used to install drill or screw anchors for foundation work.

[0030] Vertical slots can be created in the ground using a milling machine. After being filled with a hardening compound, these slots form diaphragm wall segments or continuous diaphragm walls. Pile-shaped or plank-like foundation elements can be driven into the ground using a vibrator, a pile driver, a hammer, or a sheet pile press.

[0031] The invention is further described below with reference to preferred embodiments, which are shown schematically in the drawings. The drawings show: Fig. 1 a side view of a first underground construction machine according to the invention; Fig. 2 an enlarged detail view of the underground construction machine of Fig. 1 with pivoted upper carriage; Fig. 3 a schematic top view of a deep-mining machine according to the invention; Fig. 4 a side view of the deep-mining machine according to the invention. Fig. 1 in a transport position; Fig. 5 a side view of another underground construction machine according to the invention with a vibrator in a transport position accordingly Fig. 4 Fig. 6 shows a side view of another underground construction machine according to the invention with a pile driver in a transport position according to Figures 4 and 5; Fig. 7 shows a side view of another underground construction machine according to the invention with a sheet pile press in a transport position according to the Figures 4 to 6Fig. 8 shows a further embodiment of a deep-mining machine according to the invention in a transport state with an additional carriage; and Fig. 9 shows a top view of the deep-mining machine according to the invention. Fig. 8 .

[0032] A first deep-construction machine 10 according to the invention is used in connection with the Figure 1 and 2 The following is explained. For the operation on railway tracks 6, the underground construction machine 10 comprises a track-bound undercarriage 20 with a flat support frame 22 and a running gear 21, at each end of which a bogie 24 with four wheelsets 25 with rail wheels 26 is arranged. The undercarriage 20 can have a length of approximately 12 to 18 meters, preferably approximately 15 meters. Each wheelset 25 has two wheels. The bogie 24 is rotatably mounted on the support frame 22 about a vertical axis.

[0033] Approximately in the center of the undercarriage 20, a superstructure 30 with an operator cabin 32 is rotatably mounted about a vertical pivot axis 31. A length-adjustable telescopic arm 42 is pivotally mounted on the superstructure 30 about a horizontal pivot axis 43 and can be pivoted about the horizontal pivot axis 43 by means of at least one actuating cylinder 38. Preferably, two actuating cylinders 38 are provided. The telescopic arm 42 is part of a linkage mechanism 40, wherein a holding device 46 for holding a mast 50 is arranged at the free end of the telescopic arm 42 via a detachable connecting unit 45. The holding device 46 can be moved between the two ends by means of a tilting cylinder 47. Figure 1 and 2 The device can be pivoted into the essentially vertical operating position and an essentially horizontal transport position shown.

[0034] Furthermore, a swivel unit 48 is arranged on the holding device 46, with which a vertical positioning unit 49 is rotated with the mast 50 by a distance of Fig. 1 The vertical pivot axis can be pivoted. Using the vertical adjusting unit 49, the mast 50 can be adjusted vertically or longitudinally via the vertical support 52.

[0035] The in the Figure 1 and 2 The drive unit (not shown) for powering the underground construction machine 10 is essentially arranged in a receiving space 23 on the support frame 22 of the undercarriage 20. The drive unit serves both as a travel drive for the undercarriage 20 for automatic movement, for adjusting the superstructure 30 and the steering mechanism 40, and for operating a construction work tool 70 on the mast 50.

[0036] According to the Figure 1 and 2A linear guide 54 is formed on the front face of the vertical support 52 of the mast 50, along which a work carriage 60 with the construction tool 70 is mounted for vertical adjustment. In the illustrated embodiment, the construction tool 70 is designed for creating a bore. For this purpose, a drill drive 72 is attached to the work carriage 60. The drill drive 72 rotates a Kelly bar 71, which is suspended from the mast 50 by a cable. A drill bit 73 is detachably attached to the lower end of the Kelly bar 71.

[0037] To carry out construction work along railway tracks 6, the construction equipment 70 with the superstructure 30 is usually pivoted outwards by about 30° to 60° around the vertical axis of rotation 31, and in individual cases up to a maximum of 90°, as shown schematically in Fig. 2As shown. To ensure the stability of the excavation machine 10 against tipping, lateral support devices 27 with a laterally pivoting swivel beam 28 are arranged on the undercarriage 20. Vertically extendable supports 29 are arranged at the free end of each swivel beam 28. This allows the vertical supports 29 to be braced on the ground or on prepared support elements 8. In addition, an optionally hydraulically extendable support leg 58 can be arranged at the lower end of the vertical beam 52 of the boom 50, with which the boom can be braced directly on the ground.

[0038] In Fig. 3 This schematically represents a possible working area or adjustment range of the underground construction machine 10 according to the Figure 1 and 2The unhatched area within the inner radius R1 represents a working area in which the mast 50 is held exclusively by the telescopic arm 42 of the linkage mechanism 40. The hatched working area between the inner radius R1 and the outer radius R2 requires the mast 50 to be supported on the ground by the support foot 58.

[0039] Depending on the respective travel position of the underground construction machine 10 along the railway tracks 6, the rotation position of the superstructure 30 around the vertical axis of rotation 31, the support of the mast 50 with the support foot 58 and the extension position of the telescopic arm 42, a working area with a distance corresponding to the maximum outer radius R2 can be reliably processed along tracks.

[0040] In Fig. 4 is a first transport position of the underground construction machine 10 according to the Figure 1 and 2As shown, for the transport position, the superstructure 30 is aligned longitudinally with the undercarriage 20. The telescopic arm 42 of the linkage mechanism 40 is extended axially. Simultaneously, the tilting cylinder 47 is extended so that the mast 50 is arranged approximately horizontally with a certain angle of inclination relative to the horizontal. In this transport position, the mast 50 is thus essentially in a horizontal position in front of the actual undercarriage 20. If necessary, a mast head 56 on the mast 50 can be folded in by means of a folding cylinder 57 in order to further reduce the overall height H of the track-bound underground construction machine 10 in the transport position, so that a maximum permissible height for rail transport is achieved. This is preferably possible if the operation of the construction equipment 70 does not require cable guidance over the cable pulleys located on the mast head. In this state, shorter distances can be covered at slow speeds, e.g.within a construction site, so that the first transport position is also referred to as the relocation position.

[0041] In Fig. 5 is another civil engineering machine 10 according to the invention in the transport position accordingly Fig. 4 The diagram shows a machine largely corresponding to the one described above, except that a vibrator 74 is adjustableally mounted on the mast 50 as the construction implement 70. The vibrator 74 features, in particular, rotatably driven eccentric weights with which targeted vibrations can be generated, for example, for driving sheet piles into the ground.

[0042] In Fig. 6 is another civil engineering machine 10 according to the invention in the transport position according to the Figures 4 and 5 The construction equipment 70 is shown to include a pile driver 76. The pile driver 76 can be used to deliver targeted impact impulses for driving beams or piles into the ground.

[0043] According to Fig. 7is another civil engineering machine 10 according to the invention in the transport position according to the Figures 4 to 6 shown, wherein a sheet pile press 78 for pressing sheet piles into the ground is attached to the piling 50 as construction equipment 70.

[0044] According to the Figures 8 and 9A civil engineering machine 10 according to the invention is shown in a different transport position, which is particularly suitable for covering greater distances and at higher speeds. For this purpose, the civil engineering machine 10 with the track-bound undercarriage 20 has an additional wagon 80, which can be detachably coupled to the undercarriage 20. The civil engineering machine 10 and the additional wagon 80 can be integrated into a train consist with an external drive unit such as a locomotive, or can be driven solely by an external drive unit such as a locomotive. One upper surface of the additional wagon 80 is designed as a shelf 82 for the load carrier 50.

[0045] For placement, the mast 50 is preferably pivoted 90° along an axis parallel to its longitudinal direction by the pivoting device 48 via the linkage mechanism 40 on the superstructure 30 into a substantially horizontal position and placed directly, or preferably after pivoting 90° sideways, onto the storage platform 82 of the auxiliary carriage 80. The 90° pivoting preferably takes place with the mast in a vertical position. The connecting unit 45 between the telescopic arm 42 and the retaining device 46 of the linkage mechanism 40 can then be released. The telescopic arm 42 can then be retracted. Optionally or additionally, the placed mast 50 can be moved laterally and / or in the direction of the track on the auxiliary carriage 80 to position the center of gravity of the unit consisting of the mast 50 and the work carriage 60 as close as possible to the center of the auxiliary carriage 80.The mast head 56 can be folded down to prevent it from projecting laterally beyond the width of the auxiliary carriage 80. Cable connections 66 between the telescopic arm 42 on the superstructure 30 and the mast 50 stored on the auxiliary carriage 80 can remain in place. These cable connections can be power and / or data cables. This allows the mast 50 to be reconnected to the superstructure almost automatically upon reaching another construction site by extending the telescopic arm 42 and closing the connection unit 45, without having to re-establish the cable connections 66 before work can commence.

[0046] The in the Figures 1 to 9 The illustrated civil engineering machines 10 have essentially the same structure, although this differs significantly in the type of construction equipment 70 used.

Claims

1. Civil engineering machine, comprising - an undercarriage (20) which comprises a chassis (21), - a superstructure (30) mounted on the undercarriage (20), so as to be rotatable about a vertical axis of rotation (31), - a leader (50) with a linear guide (54) along which a work carriage (60) with a construction work implement (70) is displaceably mounted, and - an articulation mechanism (40) by means of which the leader (50) is ad-justably mounted on the superstructure (30), characterized in - that the articulation mechanism (40) comprises a substantially horizontally oriented telescopic arm (42), by means of which a distance of the leader (50) relative to the superstructure (30) can be adjusted by its extending or retracting telescoping, without substantial changes to the vertical position of the leader (50), - that the undercarriage (20) is configured as a track-bounded undercarriage (20) with a chassis (21) having wheels for driving on railroad tracks (6), and - that the telescopic arm (42) is mounted on the superstructure (30) pivotable about a horizontal pivot axis (43).

2. Civil engineering machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the leader (50) is held on the telescopic arm (42) by means of a holding device (46), and in that the leader (50) is mounted on the holding device (46), so as to be displaceable parallel to its linear guide.

3. Civil engineering machine according to claim 2, characterized in that the holding device (46) comprises a pivoting unit (48) by means of which the leader (50) can be pivoted about a pivot axis of the leader which is oriented in parallel to the linear guide (54) of the leader (50).

4. Civil engineering machine according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that a detachable connecting unit (45) is arranged on the holding device (46), by means of which the leader (50) can be connected to the telescopic arm (42) in an easily detachable manner.

5. Civil engineering machine according to claim 4, characterized in that the detachable connecting unit (45) can be actuated automatically.

6. Civil engineering machine according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the leader (50) can be pivoted from a substantially vertical operating position into a substantially horizontal rest position, which, in the longitudinal direction, is located in front of the superstructure (30).

7. Civil engineering machine according to claim 6, characterized in that the leader (50) is placed on a support (82) in the rest position, and in that the leader (50) can be detached from the telescopic arm (42) in the placed rest position on the support (82) by detaching the connecting unit (45).

8. Civil engineering machine according to claim 7, characterized in that the support (82) is configured for placing the leader (50) on a transport car.

9. Civil engineering machine according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the telescopic arm (42) can be actuated hydraulically.

10. Civil engineering machine according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the holding device (46) is mounted on the connecting unit (45) such that it is pivotable relative to the telescopic arm (42).

11. Civil engineering machine according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the construction work implement (70) comprises a vibrator (74), a drill drive (72), a pile driver (76), a sheet pile press (78) or a cutter on the work carriage (60).