METHOD FOR CREATING A SEAL AT A BUILDING PENETRATION CONTAINING A PIPE OR MEDIA CONNECTION AND PIPE SYSTEM WITH SUCH A SEAL

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a method for producing a sealing at building wall penetrations, wherein at least one wall of a building is or will be penetrated by pipes or media lines, wherein the pipes or media lines are or will be guided through through openings present or produced in the building wall, for example through holes, wherein the respective through opening defines at least one reveal, according to the preamble of claim 1. To produce the sealing, flexible sleeves designed as pipe shells made of mineral fibers are used and arranged to enclose the pipes or media lines in the region of the through openings in such a way that the sleeve in question directly adjoins the reveal of the through opening in question and closes the through opening in a heat-resistant and smoke-tight manner.

[0002] Furthermore, the invention relates to a line system comprising pipes or media lines, for example electrical lines, which penetrate a building wall, for example a substantially vertically or horizontally oriented building wall, with a partition produced according to the method according to the invention.

[0003] A well-known fire protection measure is the demarcation (sealing off) of individual fire compartments from other parts of a building. These fire compartments are separated from each other by fire-resistant, room-enclosing components. These include interior building walls and floor slabs. These components are intended to confine the fire to the fire compartment they define for a defined period of time.

[0004] In the inventor's experience, penetration openings for pipelines in building walls are often not designed or manufactured to match the diameter of the fire protection penetration seals. This results in high costs for the subsequent sealing of annular gaps or the re-creation of a suitable penetration opening. Since penetrations through building walls and floor slabs are generally relevant to fire protection, a proof of applicability for pipeline systems with fire protection penetration seals must be precisely implemented.

[0005] It is common practice to create through-holes for pipelines in building walls as bores – usually core drillings. Traditionally, such through-holes are dimensioned and constructed in such a way that an annular gap initially remains between the reveal of the bore and a mineral fiber fire-protection pipe shell, which encloses the pipeline passing through the bore in the area of ​​the bore. This gap must then be sealed with a non-combustible material, such as mortar, plaster, concrete, or similar. Sealing the annular gap is time-consuming and incurs material and labor costs.

[0006] Due to limited space, e.g., due to the high density of pipes in a supply shaft, subsequent sealing of the annular gap often cannot be achieved using the full thickness of the building wall in question, e.g., the floor slab, or the wall is not sufficiently smoke-tight and fire-resistant. Furthermore, reliable inspection of the annular gap seal from the outside is either virtually impossible or very difficult.

[0007] EP 1 236 942 A discloses a penetration seal for a passage opening in a building wall. The passage opening, designed as a bore, has a reveal and is intended for the passage of a cable for energy and / or information carriers. The penetration seal has a sleeve designed as a pipe shell made of mineral fibers that encloses the cable in the area of ​​the passage opening. The sleeve adjoins directly to the reveal of the passage opening and closes the passage opening in the radial and axial directions, completely heat-resistant and smoke-tight. The sleeve is sometimes intended to have an outer diameter slightly larger than the diameter of the passage opening in order to achieve a frictional connection between the sleeve and the passage opening and thus create a seal.

[0008] Due to the varying dimensions of the pipes to be encased in fire protection insulation material and the varying insulation thicknesses of the pipe shells or mats used for this purpose, many different through-holes are created on construction sites. The size of each through-hole depends on the dimension of the pipe to be routed through the opening and the insulation or fire protection requirements to be met. Once the through-holes have been created, a change in the pipe layout, e.g., a change in the pipe dimension, is often no longer possible. Furthermore, different through-hole sizes result in relatively high manufacturing costs for the openings, as they require, for example, different core drilling bits to create different core holes, and corresponding setup times for the different core drilling bit sizes or drilling tools.

[0009] EP 2 633 110 A discloses a method for fireproofing a penetration using a fusible inorganic fiber blend fabric. The fusible inorganic blend fiber web can provide a fire-resistant penetration without the use of sealants, intumescent materials, and the like. In one embodiment of the method, the blend fiber web is introduced into the penetration and densified therein by a volume factor of approximately 10% to approximately 30% compared to its original undensified state, and then maintained in the densified state.

[0010] EP 1 165 900 A discloses a method for producing a fire-protected leadthrough for a pipe through a hole in a wall. The pipe is provided with continuous pipe insulation made of mineral wool. The space between the hole wall and the pipe insulation is filled with packed, radially compressed, fire-retardant mineral wool, for example, rock wool. In all embodiments shown in EP 1 165 900 A, the packed mineral wool is arranged inside the intermediate space, after which the respective hole openings are filled with filling material such as mortar or plaster. This method is material- and time-consuming due to the use of several different materials to produce a single fire-protected leadthrough.

[0011] RU 2 705 620 C1 discloses a fire protection device for sealing cable penetrations through building structures. The device comprises a fire-resistant cable tunnel for walls and floors of buildings, containing at least one electrical cable, around which a deformation element made of non-combustible basalt fibers is arranged, compressed to up to 40% of its original volume and encased in a non-combustible quartz fabric casing. The end surfaces of the deformation element are closed on both sides with a fire-resistant, non-combustible composite panel.

[0012] DE 41 13 375 A1 discloses a fire protection arrangement for a duct section of a plastic pipeline in a fire protection wall. The plastic pipe is located in a through hole in the fire protection wall, and the through hole is filled with a fire-resistant material. Furthermore, this arrangement includes a support container having a portion that allows the fire-resistant material to come into contact with the outer peripheral surface of the plastic pipe. Furthermore, the support container has portions for receiving a foamable material. The support container is arranged around the plastic pipe, and the fire-resistant material is filled into the portion of the support container by coming into contact with the outer peripheral surface of the plastic pipe.

[0013] DE 199 05 103 A1 discloses a device for sealingly enclosing pipe runs in a wall, ceiling, or floor opening of a building. This device consists of a sleeve encasing the pipe run, which is heat-resistant and smoke-tight in the event of fire. The sleeve is designed as a pipe shell made of mineral fibers and is flexible in both the axial and radial directions. The device also features a bulkhead that connects to the outer surface of the sleeve and fills the wall, ceiling, or floor opening.

[0014] EP 1 814 634 A discloses an elongated fire protection element for the fire-retardant sealing of pipe and cable penetrations. The element is made of an intumescent foam and is dimensionally stable and deformable. The fire protection element is preferably cylindrical and has a length of 10 cm to 150 cm.

[0015] WO 2004 / 001291 discloses a device for guiding and discharging exhaust air, such as flue gas, generated by a heating system installed in a building. The device comprises a duct carrying the exhaust air generated during combustion and an outer shell surrounding the duct. A thermal insulation device formed as a shaped element made of mineral wool is arranged between the duct and the outer shell. The duct is guided through at least one floor, with the outer shell being interrupted in the area of ​​the floor. An insulating element is arranged between the duct and the floor, sealingly filling a gap between the duct and the floor.

[0016] DE 20 2013 100 836 U1 discloses a piping system for passing a metal pipe, in particular a copper pipe, through a wall or ceiling of a building. The pipe is provided with non-fire-resistant insulation, to which a layer of a material that intumescent in the event of a fire is applied on the outside in the bulkhead area for fire protection. The insulation is wrapped with adhesive tape on one or both sides of the bulkhead area adjacent to the wall or ceiling.

[0017] The present invention is based on the object of specifying a method or a line system of the type mentioned at the outset, which at least partially avoids the above-mentioned disadvantages of the prior art and offers cost advantages.

[0018] This object is achieved by a method having the features specified in claim 1. Advantageous embodiments of the method according to the invention are specified in the claims dependent on claim 1.

[0019] In the method according to the invention, at least one sleeve of the type mentioned at the outset is selected for producing the partition with respect to the internal dimension of the through-opening directed transversely to the longitudinal axis of the pipe or media line and / or the external diameter of the pipe or media line to be encased in such a way that the external dimension of the sleeve directed transversely to the longitudinal axis of the pipe or media line is greater than the internal dimension of the through-opening extending substantially parallel to the external dimension, wherein the sleeve has an insulating thickness which, in the installed state of the sleeve in the through-opening, is compressed by a ratio in the range from 5% to 50%, preferably in the range from 8% to 33%, particularly preferably in the range from 10% to 30%, in particular in the range from 15% to 30%.

[0020] The method according to the invention enables a smoke-tight and heat-resistant closure of a through-opening, preferably a through-bore, with different pipe diameters and / or different insulation thicknesses of the sleeve. The through-opening can also be a non-circular through-opening, in particular a through-opening with a rectangular, polygonal, oval, or irregular cross-sectional contour. Neither cutting work nor complex devices are required to compress the sleeve in the area of ​​the through-opening. For example, according to the invention, pipes or media lines with different external dimensions or external diameters can be installed in several through-openings with essentially the same internal dimensions or internal diameter, wherein the flexible sleeves used to sheath the lines in the area of ​​the through-openings have essentially the same insulation thicknesses.In comparison, conventional through-holes with two, three, or even four different inner diameters are produced for this purpose. The present invention, however, enables the realization of smoke-tight and heat-resistant closures at building wall penetrations caused by pipes or media lines with different outer dimensions or outer diameters, whereby the through-holes can be and are designed with only one inner dimension or inner diameter. This offers significant cost advantages. Costs that are caused by conventional technology, particularly by the provision of different tools or core drill bits, as well as tool changing and setup costs, can be significantly reduced by the invention.Furthermore, by compressing the flexible sleeves to be installed in the through-holes according to the invention to up to 50%, preferably up to 33%, and particularly preferably up to 30% of their insulation thickness, the required internal diameters of the through-holes themselves can be reduced to a minimum. Small core drillings are more cost-effective than larger core drillings. Furthermore, smaller through-holes, preferably through-holes, allow for increased occupancy density of a supply shaft with pipes or media lines, thereby reducing the required cross-sectional area of ​​the supply shaft and thus increasing the usable area adjacent to the supply shaft that can be sold or rented. In other words, increased occupancy density allows for a smaller space requirement and thus a reduction in construction costs.

[0021] The method according to the invention thus offers considerable cost advantages compared to the conventional state of the art.

[0022] The above-mentioned phrase "with respect to the internal dimension of the through-hole directed transversely to the longitudinal axis of the pipe or media line" is not to be understood as a limitation to an internal dimension of the through-hole directed perpendicularly to the longitudinal axis of the pipe or media line. Rather, the word "transverse" here also has the meaning of "oblique." Thus, it can also be referred to as an internal dimension of the through-hole directed essentially perpendicularly or obliquely to the longitudinal axis of the pipe or media line.

[0023] According to the invention, pipes or media lines with different external dimensions or external diameters can be installed in a plurality of through-openings with substantially the same internal dimensions or internal diameters, wherein the flexible sleeves used to sheathe the lines in the region of the through-openings can not only have substantially the same insulation thicknesses but sometimes also or alternatively different insulation thicknesses, wherein at least one or more of these sleeves is compressed according to the invention by a ratio which is in the range from 5% to 50%, preferably in the range from 8% to 33%, particularly preferably in the range from 10% to 30%, in particular in the range from 15% to 30%.

[0024] A preferred embodiment of the invention provides that the at least one sleeve has an insulating thickness that, when installed in the through-opening, is compressed by a ratio in the range of 15% to 40%, preferably in the range of 20% to 33%, particularly preferably in the range of 20% to 30%, compared to the position outside the through-opening or the non-installed state of the sleeve. This allows the cost advantages outlined above to be achieved to a significant degree.

[0025] According to the invention, a plurality of building wall penetrations of the building are sealed off, wherein a plurality of the through-openings, preferably through-bores, of the building wall penetrations have the same internal dimension or the same diameter, wherein pipes or media lines with different external diameters are or will be guided through a plurality of such through-openings with the same internal dimension or the same diameter, wherein at least one sleeve of the type specified in claim 1 is used to produce the sealings and is arranged to enclose the pipe or media line in the region of the respective through-opening in such a way that the sleeve directly adjoins the reveal of the through-opening and closes the through-opening in a heat-resistant and smoke-tight manner, and wherein at least one of the sleeves is introduced into the respective through-opening in such a way thatthat the sleeve is compressed in the through-hole when installed. This allows the cost advantages outlined above to be achieved to a large extent. In this case, a large number of through-holes are preferably created using the same tool, e.g., the same core bit, thereby at least partially avoiding costs that would otherwise be incurred by providing different tools or core bits, as well as tool change and setup costs.

[0026] The method according to the invention particularly encompasses configurations in which the flexible sleeves arranged in various through-openings have different insulation thicknesses. This allows for very good sealing with a high fire protection effect, particularly when the pipes or media lines to be insulated and installed in the through-openings have different diameters. The sleeves can, for example, have insulation thicknesses in the range of approximately 20 mm to approximately 100 mm, preferably in the range of approximately 20 mm to approximately 50 mm.

[0027] A further advantageous embodiment of the method according to the invention is characterized in that the flexible sleeves arranged in different through-openings have different bulk densities. This allows the sleeves to be compressed to varying degrees. For through-openings with a predetermined, identical internal dimension or the same internal diameter and for pipes or media lines with different external diameters to be arranged therein, high, in particular largely or almost identical, material densities of the sleeves within the through-openings can be achieved by compressing the sleeves in the area of ​​the through-openings.

[0028] The flexible sleeve made of mineral fibers can, for example, have a bulk density in the range of 15 to 130 kg / m³, in particular in the range of 18 to 120 kg / m³, for example in the range of 35 to 130 kg / m³. Sleeves with such a bulk density can be manufactured with sufficient elasticity and, at the same time, offer sufficient material density to ensure the required smoke sealing and heat resistance at the building wall penetration to be sealed.

[0029] The sleeve is preferably made of mineral wool, for example rock wool and / or glass wool with a melting point of at least 650°C, preferably at least 1000°C.

[0030] According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, two or more of the through-openings, preferably through-bores, are or will be arranged in the same building wall such that they are spaced apart from one another by less than 40 mm, preferably less than 35 mm, and particularly preferably less than 30 mm. The distance is measured from the inner circumference of the respective through-opening to the adjacent through-opening. This configuration allows for a high cable density to be achieved within the installation space for the pipes or media lines to be sealed off, even if the installation space is limited.

[0031] A further advantageous embodiment of the invention is characterized in that two or more of the through-openings, preferably through-bores, are arranged in the same building wall in such a way that the sleeves subsequently inserted therein touch each other outside the through-openings at the outer periphery. This allows for an optimum cable density to be achieved in the installation space for the pipes or media lines to be sealed off, even if the installation space is limited.

[0032] A further advantageous embodiment of the invention is characterized in that two or more of the through-openings, preferably through-bores, are arranged in the same building wall in such a way that the sleeves subsequently inserted therein touch each other within the building wall. This also allows for an optimum cable density to be achieved within the installation space for the pipes or media lines to be sealed, even when the installation space is limited. The pipes or media lines do not necessarily have to be further insulated outside the building wall, and can be insulated there with a thinner or thicker thickness than within the building wall.

[0033] According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the at least one sleeve has a length that corresponds at least to the length or depth of the through-opening. This allows the through-opening to be completely sealed in the axial direction in a heat-resistant and smoke-tight manner. The pipe or media line to be insulated can be thermally and / or sound-insulated with pipe shells or mats on both sides of the through-opening. The outer diameter of the pipe shells arranged on both sides of the through-opening and insulating the line is preferably larger than the inner dimension or the inner diameter of the through-opening.

[0034] According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the at least one sleeve is arranged such that it protrudes from the through-opening at least on one side. This allows a further sleeve, preferably designed as a pipe shell or mat, to be easily connected directly to the end of the sleeve protruding from the opening and to be reliably connected, preferably essentially gap-free, to the sleeve arranged in the through-opening. In this regard, a further advantageous embodiment of the invention provides that the at least one sleeve is arranged such that it protrudes from the through-opening on both sides.In this case, a further sleeve, which is preferably designed as a pipe shell, can be easily connected directly to the two ends of the sleeve which closes the through-opening in the axial direction in a completely heat-resistant and smoke-tight manner and can be reliably connected, preferably essentially gap-free, to the sleeve arranged in the through-opening.

[0035] The sleeve made of mineral fibers, which is compressed in the passage opening if necessary up to 40%, preferably up to 33% of its insulation thickness, is or is dimensioned according to a preferred embodiment of the invention, for example, such that it protrudes from the passage opening on one side or both sides with a length in the range of approximately 5 cm to 110 cm, preferably in the range of approximately 5 cm to 55 cm.

[0036] Another advantageous embodiment of the invention provides that two sleeves of the type specified in claim 1 are inserted into the through-opening from the opposite ends of the through-opening, so that the two sleeves axially follow one another or lie against one another in the through-opening essentially without a gap. The two sleeves can be axially adjacent to one another essentially without a gap or with a small distance from one another. This embodiment sometimes facilitates the insertion of said sleeve into the through-opening, particularly when the sleeve must be compressed relatively strongly during insertion into the through-opening.

[0037] As already mentioned above, the invention particularly encompasses embodiments in which the pipe or media line is thermally and / or acoustically insulated on one or both sides of the through-opening with one or more pipe shells. In this context, a further advantageous embodiment of the invention is characterized in that at least one of the pipe shells is connected to the sleeve by means of adhesive tape, preferably non-combustible or flame-retardant adhesive tape, particularly preferably aluminum foil-laminated adhesive tape. This reliably creates a heat- and sound-insulating connection between the sleeve inserted into the through-opening and the pipe shell arranged outside the through-opening and adjoining the sleeve.By using adhesive tape, preferably aluminum foil-laminated adhesive tape, any gap, especially an annular gap, that may occur at the joint between the sleeve and the adjacent pipe shell can be completely covered and sealed. This creates a substantially gap-free connection between the sleeve and the adjacent pipe shell. The adhesive tape used, especially aluminum adhesive tape, has a width in the range of approximately 2 to 20 cm, preferably a width in the range of approximately 5 to 10 cm.

[0038] A further advantageous embodiment of the invention provides that the sleeve made of mineral fibers, which is compressed in the through-opening if necessary up to 50%, preferably up to 33% or 30% of its insulation thickness, adjoins directly the reveal of the through-opening designed as a bore, so that the sleeve closes the through-opening in the radial direction and preferably also in the axial direction in a completely heat-resistant and smoke-tight manner, wherein the sleeve defines a joint at at least one of its ends protruding from the through-opening or at both of its ends protruding from the through-opening, to which joint a pipe shell or mat for heat or sound insulation of the pipe or media line is attached and connected to the sleeve, wherein this connection is made without wire. Wire, in particular binding wire, is recommended in practice for securing pipe shells made of mineral wool.Joining with wire, also known as mechanical securing, is very labor-intensive, and the sealing effect of the wire is rather limited. Instead of wire or binding wire, one embodiment of the method according to the invention uses adhesive tape, preferably non-combustible or flame-retardant adhesive tape, for example, an aluminum adhesive tape of the type mentioned above. The adhesive tape is applied in such a way that it seals the respective joint and any gap that may be present there. This allows for optimal securing of joints that must withstand high temperature loads.

[0039] A further advantageous embodiment of the invention is characterized in that, to produce the partition, the pipe or media line is encased with the sleeve outside the through-opening, the sleeve is then compressed along its circumference at the end to be inserted into the through-opening by means of one or more constriction means, and subsequently a section of the thus compressed end of the sleeve is inserted into the through-opening. This allows the sleeve to be easily inserted into the through-opening. The constriction means can be, for example, a cable tie, a wire, a tensioning strap, or an adhesive tape. For example, just two to three or more such constriction means can be placed axially next to one another on the end of the sleeve encasing the pipe or media line to be inserted into the through-opening, and the sleeve is first compressed.A section of the compressed end of the sleeve is then inserted into the through-hole. To do this, the constriction device directly adjacent to the building wall or closest to the through-hole, e.g., a cable tie, can be opened and removed. Alternatively, it is also conceivable to constrict the sleeve or the end of the sleeve that is to be inserted into the through-hole with the constriction device to the inner dimension, e.g., the inner diameter, of the through-hole and then push the sleeve together with the constriction device into the through-hole, leaving the constriction device in place.

[0040] Furthermore, the above-mentioned object is achieved by a building wall with a piping system which has at least one pipe or media line which penetrates the substantially vertically or horizontally oriented building wall and is provided with a partition produced according to the method according to the invention.

[0041] The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to a drawing illustrating several exemplary embodiments. In the drawings: Fig. 1 shows a section of a floor of a building in a vertical section with a sealed pipe or media line penetrating the floor; and Figs. 2 to 5 each show a section of a floor of a building in a vertical section with several sealed pipe or media lines penetrating the floor, wherein the lines are arranged differently and / or sealed differently.

[0042] InFig. 1 The concept underlying the present invention is outlined. The figure shows a section of a solid floor slab 1 that separates a lower floor area of ​​a building from an upper floor area of ​​the building. The floor slab 1 is designed as a concrete slab with a thickness of at least 150 mm and corresponds, for example, to fire resistance class F90. The floor slab (concrete slab) 1 thus separates a potentially fire-exposed fire compartment from a fire compartment facing away from the fire.

[0043] The floor slab 1 has at least one through-opening 2 through which a pipe or media line 3, for example, a sanitary water pipe or water-carrying heating pipe, is routed from one floor to the next. The pipe 3 is made, for example, of copper, stainless steel, carbon steel of type 1.0308 or 1.2015, or of steel pipe according to DIN EN 10220 or 10265. Suitable pipes for the metal, non-combustible pipe 3 are available with an outer diameter of approximately 12 mm to approximately 76 mm. For example, pipes with the following outer diameters are available: 12, 16, 19, 20, 25, 28, 32, 35, 42, 48, 54, 60, 64, and 76 mm. However, the maximum outer diameter of the pipe is not limited to 76 mm. Rather, with regard to the implementation of the invention, pipelines 3 which have a significantly larger outer diameter than 76 mm are also considered, for example pipelines 3 with an outer diameter of 450 mm.

[0044] The through-opening 2 defines a reveal 4 and is preferably designed as a bore. After the pipe or media line 3 routed through the through-opening has been installed, the line 3 is provided with a jacket-shaped fire protection insulation, resulting in a fire protection seal. To create the fire protection seal, at least one flexible sleeve 5 designed as a pipe shell or mat made of mineral fibers is used and arranged to enclose the pipe or media line 3 in the area of ​​the through-opening 2 in such a way that the sleeve 5 directly adjoins the reveal 4 of the through-opening 2 and closes the opening 2 in a heat-resistant and smoke-tight manner. No further annular gap seal is required.

[0045] As in Fig. 1As can be seen, according to the invention at least one such sleeve 5 for producing the partition is designed or selected with respect to the internal dimension D i of the through-opening 2 directed transversely to the longitudinal axis M, i.e. substantially at right angles or obliquely to the longitudinal axis M of the pipe or media line 3, and / or the external diameter AD of the line 3 to be sheathed, in such a way that the external dimension DA of the sleeve 5 directed transversely to the longitudinal axis M of the line 3 is greater than the internal dimension D i of the through-opening 2 extending parallel to the external dimension DA, wherein the sleeve 5 has an insulating thickness (insulating strength) S which, in the installed state of the sleeve 5 within the through-opening 2, is compressed by a ratio which is in the range from approximately 5% to 50%, preferably in the range from approximately 8% to 33%, particularly preferably in the range from approximately 10% to 30%.

[0046] For example, a pipeline 3 with an outer diameter AD of approximately 42 mm and a sleeve 5 with an insulation thickness S of approximately 40 mm can be installed into a through-hole 2 designed as a bore and having a diameter D of 122 mm. If the insulation thickness S of the sleeve 5 in the through-hole 2 is compressed in sections from an original value of approximately 40 mm by, for example, 33%, it would be possible to install the pipeline 3 with an outer diameter AD of approximately 42 mm into a through-hole 2 having a diameter D of only approximately 95.6 mm. Pipelines 3 with different outer diameters, for example pipelines 3 with an outer diameter AD of approximately 28, 35, 42, 48, 54, 60, 64 and 76 mm in combination with sleeves 5, which mostly have different insulation thicknesses S, could be installed in openings 2 each having a diameter D of 122 mm.According to the conventional state of the art, in which through holes (core holes) 2 with different diameters D are created and matched, special sleeves designed as pipe shells are used, approximately four different drill head sizes would be required. The present invention, however, enables the realization of heat-resistant and smoke-tight sealings at building wall penetrations in the form of pipes and media lines with different outer diameters AD, with through openings 2 that have the same diameter D, i.e., only one opening size.

[0047] In the Figures 2 to 5 several embodiments of the invention are shown. Fig. 2 shows a section of a solid floor slab 1, which has corresponding properties as in Fig. 1shown floor slab 1. The floor slab 1 has several, for example three, through-openings 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, through each of which a pipe or media line 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, for example sanitary water pipes or water-carrying heating pipes, is led from one floor to the next. The through-openings 2.1, 2.2, 2.3 are designed as bores with the same diameter D. The through-openings (bores) 2.1, 2.2, 2.3 are introduced into the floor slab 1, for example, in such a way that they are arranged at a distance A from one another of less than 40 mm, preferably less than 35 mm, particularly preferably less than 30 mm.

[0048] The pipes 3.1, 3.2, and 3.3 installed in the through-holes 2.1, 2.2, and 2.3 have different outer diameters (OD). To ensure smoke-tight and heat-resistant sealing of the annular passage between the respective pipe 3.1, 3.2, and 3.3 and the reveal of the associated through-hole 2.1, 2.2, or 2.3, the respective pipe 3.1, 3.2, and 3.3 is encased in a flexible sleeve 5.1, 5.2, or 5.3, which is designed as a mat or pipe shell made of mineral fibers. The sleeve 5.1, 5.2, and 5.3 connects directly to the reveal 4.1, 4.2, and 4.3 of the through-hole 2.1, 2.2, or 2.3 and forms a seal against the outside of the respective pipe or media line 3.1, 3.2, or 3.3.

[0049] The Fig. 2The flexible sleeves 5.1, 5.2, 5.3 shown have essentially the same insulation thickness S. However, it is also within the scope of the invention for the sleeves 5.1, 5.2, 5.3 to have different insulation thicknesses and / or different bulk densities. The through-openings 2.1, 2.2, 2.3 and the sleeves 5.1, 5.2, 5.3 are dimensioned or selected relative to one another such that the sleeves 5.1, 5.2, 5.3 are radially compressed to a greater or lesser extent in the area of ​​the through-openings. The sleeve 5.1, which encloses the pipe or media line 3.1 with the smallest outer diameter, is only slightly radially compressed in the through-opening 2.1, while the sleeves 5.2, 5.3, which enclose the pipe or media lines 3.2, 3.3 with the larger outer diameter, are significantly more radially compressed in the through-openings 2.2, 2.3, for example by up to approx. 50%, in particular up to approx.40%, preferably up to 33%, particularly preferably up to 30% of the insulation thickness S of the respective sleeve 5.2 or 5.3. The sleeves 5.1, 5.2, 5.3 are selected or cut to size in terms of their length and then mounted so that they protrude from the through-opening on both sides. The section 5.11, 5.21, 5.31 of the sleeve 5.1, 5.2, 5.3 protruding from the through-opening 2.1, 2.2, 2.3 has, for example, a length in the range of 2 cm to 110 cm, preferably in the range of 2 cm to 60 cm, in particular 2 cm to 20 cm.

[0050] Near the passage opening 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, for example in a vertical distance range of up to 20 cm, measured from the top or bottom of the floor slab 1, the sleeve 5.1, 5.2, 5.3 is radially secured with adhesive tape (not shown), preferably with non-combustible or flame-retardant adhesive tape, e.g. aluminum adhesive tape.

[0051] The Fig. 3The embodiment shown differs from the one in Fig. 2 shown example in that the through openings (bores) 2.1, 2.2, 2.3 in the floor slab 1 are arranged in such a way that the sleeves 5.1, 5.2, 5.3 subsequently inserted therein touch each other on the outer circumference outside the through openings 2.1, 2.2, 2.3.

[0052] The Fig. 4 The embodiment shown differs from the ones shown in the Figures 2 and 3 shown examples in that two sleeves 5.1, 5.1', ​​5.2, 5.2', 5.3, 5.3' of the above-mentioned type are introduced into the through openings 2.1, 2.2, 2.3 from the opposite ends of the respective through opening 2.1, 2.2 or 2.3, so that the sleeves 5.1, 5.1', ​​5.2, 5.2', 5.3, 5.3' follow one another axially or lie against one another essentially without a gap within the through opening 2.1, 2.2 or 2.3.

[0053] To create the penetration seal, the pipe or media line 3.1, 3.2, 3.3 is first encased with the sleeve 5.1, 5.2, 5.3 outside the passage opening 2.1, 2.2, 2.3. Then, the sleeve 5.1, 5.2, 5.3 is compressed along its circumference at the end to be inserted into the passage opening, for example, using constriction means (not shown), and then a section of the thus compressed end of the sleeve 5.1, 5.2, 5.3 is inserted into the passage opening 2.1, 2.2, 2.3. To do this, the constriction means directly adjacent to the building wall 1 or closest to the passage opening 2.1, 2.2, 2.3 can be opened and removed. Cable ties, wire, tensioning straps, or adhesive tape, for example, can be used as constriction means.

[0054] Alternatively, the sleeve 5.1, 5.2, 5.3 or the end of the sleeve 5.1, 5.2, 5.3 to be inserted into the through-opening 2.1, 2.2, 2.3 can be constricted with the constricting means (not shown) to the inner dimension, e.g. the inner diameter D, of the through-opening 2.1, 2.2, 2.3 and the sleeve 5.1, 5.2, 5.3 can then be pushed into the through-opening 2.1, 2.2, 2.3 together with the constricting means, whereby the constricting means remains in the through-opening 2.1, 2.2, 2.3.

[0055] Another example is in Fig. 5, according to which the pipes or media lines 3.1, 3.2, 3.3 are thermally and / or acoustically insulated on one or both sides of the through-openings 2.1, 2.2, 2.3 with one or more pipe shells 6.1, 6.2, 6.3. The pipe shells 6.1, 6.2, 6.3 are connected to the respective sleeve 5.1, 5.2, or 5.3 using adhesive tape (not shown), preferably non-combustible or flame-retardant adhesive tape, for example, aluminum foil adhesive tape.

[0056] A further embodiment of the invention is characterized in that the sleeves 5.1, 5.2, 5.3 or pipe shells 6.1, 6.2, 6.3 are secured in the area relevant or necessary for fire protection with adhesive tape (not shown), preferably a non-combustible or flame-retardant adhesive tape, for example aluminum foil adhesive tape. For this purpose, the longitudinal slots of the pipe shells 6.1, 6.2, 6.3 as well as the joints 7 between the sleeve 5.1, 5.2 or 5.3 and the pipe shells 6.1, 6.2 or 6.3 are sealed with the adhesive tape (not shown) in a width ranging from approximately 2 to 20 cm, preferably approximately 5 to 10 cm. The bonding can be done in a single layer without overlap or with overlap. The adhesive tape can be applied symmetrically or asymmetrically to the sleeves 5.1, 5.2, 5.3 and / or pipe shells 6.1, 6.2, 6.3.The minimum application width of the adhesive tape can be, for example, in the range of 5 to 150 mm, preferably 10 to 50 mm. The length of the sleeves 5.1, 5.2, 5.3 and / or pipe shells 6.1, 6.2, 6.3, which are designed as insulation pieces and can preferably only be bonded with the adhesive tape at the joints, is, for example, a maximum of 1200 mm.

[0057] Deviating from the exemplary embodiments illustrated in the drawing, the method according to the invention for separating or sealing off fire compartments can also be applied to building wall penetrations with pipes and media lines on vertically aligned walls of a building. Furthermore, only two or more than three through-openings, preferably through-bores 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, can be formed in the respective building wall 1, and a corresponding number of pipes and media lines 3.1, 3.2, 3.3 with flexible sleeves 5.1, 5.2, 5.3 of the above-mentioned type can be installed therein for pipe sealing.

Claims

1. Method for producing a bulkhead at building wall penetrations, wherein at least one wall (1) of a building is or will be penetrated by pipe or media lines (3.1, 3.2, 3.3), wherein the pipe or media lines are or will be routed through passage openings (2.1, 2.2, 2.3), preferably passage bore-holes, the respective passage opening defining at least one embrasure (4.1, 4.2, 4.3), wherein flexible sleeves (5.1, 5.2, 5.3) formed as pipe shells made of mineral fibers are used to produce the bulkhead and are arranged to encase the pipe or media lines in the area of the passage openings in such a way that that the relevant sleeve (5.1, 5.2, 5.3) is directly connected to the embrasure (4.1, 4.2, 4.3) of the relevant passage opening and seals the passage opening in a heat-resistant and smoke-tight manner, at least one such sleeve (5.1, 5.2, 5.3) for producing the bulkhead with respect to the internal dimension (D) of the passage opening (2.1, 2.2, 2.3) directed transversely to the longitudinal axis (M) of the pipe or media line and / or the external diameter (AD) of the pipe or media line (3.1, 3.2, 3.3) to be encased is designed or selected in such a way that the external dimension (DA) of the sleeve (5.1, 5.2, 5.3) directed transversely to the longitudinal axis (M) of the pipe or media line (3.1, 3.2, 3.3) is greater than the internal dimension (D) of the passage opening (2.1, 2.2, 2.3) extending essentially parallel to the external dimension (DA), the sleeve (5.1, 5.2, 5.3) having an insulation thickness (S) which, in the installed state of the sleeve in the passage opening (2.1, 2.2, 2.3), is compressed in comparison to the position outside the passage opening (2.1, 2.2, 2.3) or to the non-installed state of the sleeve (5.1, 5.2, 5.3) by a ratio which is in the range from 5% to 50%, preferably in the range from 8% to 33%, particularly preferably in the range from 10% to 30%, characterized in that a plurality of building wall penetrations of the building are sealed off, a plurality of the passage openings (2.1, 2.2, 2.3), preferably passage bore-holes, of the building wall penetrations have the same internal dimension or the same diameter (D), wherein pipe or media lines (3.1, 3.2, 3.3) having different external diameters (AD) are or will be routed through a plurality of such passage openings having the same internal dimension or the same diameter (D), wherein for producing the bulkheads in each case at least one sleeve (5.1, 5.2, 5.3) of the above-mentioned type being used, which sleeve is arranged in such a way that it encases the pipe or media line (3.1, 3.2, 3.3) in the region of the respective passage opening (2.1, 2.2, 2.3) in such a way that the sleeve (5.1, 5.2, 5.3) is directly connected to the embrasure (4.1, 4.2, 4.3) of the passage opening (2.1, 2.2, 2.3) and closes the passage opening (2.1, 2.2, 2.3) in a heat-resistant and smoke-tight manner, and wherein at least one of the sleeves (5.1, 5.2, 5.3) is introduced into the respective passage opening (2.1, 2.2, 2.3) in such a way that the sleeve (5.1, 5.2, 5.3) is compressed in the installed state in the passage opening (2.1, 2.2, 2.3).

2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the at least one sleeve (5.1, 5.2, 5.3) has a insulation thickness (S) which, in the fitted state of the sleeve (5.1, 5.2, 5.3) in the passage opening (2.1, 2.2, 2.3), is compressed by a ratio compared to the position outside the passage opening (2.1, 2.2, 2.3) or to the non-installed state of the sleeve (5.1, 5.2, 5.3) by a ratio which is in the range of 15% to 40%, preferably in the range of 20% to 33%, particularly preferred in the range of 20% to 30%.

3. Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the sleeves (5.1, 5.2, 5.3) arranged in different ones of the passage openings (2.1, 2.2, 2.3) have different insulation thicknesses (S).

4. Method according to any one of the claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the flexible sleeves (5.1, 5.2, 5.3) arranged in different ones of the passage openings (2.1, 2.2, 2.3) have different bulk densities.

5. Method according to any one of the claims 1 to 4, characterized in that two or more of the passage openings (2.1, 2.2, 2.3), preferably passage bore-holes, are or are arranged in the same building wall (1) in such a way that they are arranged at a distance (A) of less than 40 mm, preferably less than 35 mm, particularly preferably less than 30 mm, from one another.

6. Method according to any one of the claims 1 to 5, characterized in that two or more of the passage openings (2.1, 2.2, 2.3), preferably passage bore-holes, are or are arranged in the same building wall (1) such that the sleeves (5.1, 5.2, 5.3) subsequently inserted therein touch one another on the outer circumference outside the passage openings (2.1, 2.2, 2.3).

7. Method according to any one of the claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the at least one sleeve (5.1, 5.2, 5.3) has a length that corresponds at least to the length or depth of the passage opening (2.1, 2.2, 2.3).

8. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the at least one sleeve (5.1, 5.2, 5.3) is arranged so that it protrudes out of the passage opening (2.1, 2.2, 2.3) on at least one side.

9. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the at least one sleeve (5.1, 5.2, 5.3) is arranged so that it protrudes out of the passage opening (2.1, 2.2, 2.3) on both sides.

10. Method according to any one of the claims 1 to 6, characterized in that two sleeves (5.1, 5.1', 5.2, 5.2', 5.3, 5.3') of the type indicated in claim 1 are introduced into the passage opening from the opposite ends of the passage opening so that the two sleeves (5.1, 5.1', 5.2, 5.2', 5.3, 5.3') in the passage opening (2.1, 2.2, 2.3) follow one another axially essentially without a gap or lie axially against each other.

11. Method according to any one of the claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the pipe or media line (3.1, 3.2, 3.3) is heat and / or sound insulated on one or both sides of the passage opening (2.1, 2.2, 2.3) with one or more pipe shells (6.1, 6.2, 6.3) or mats.

12. Method according to claim 11, characterized in that at least one of the pipe shells (6.1, 6.2, 6.3) or mats is connected to the sleeve (5.1, 5.2, 5.3) by means of adhesive tape, preferably non-flammable or flame-retardant adhesive tape, particularly preferably aluminium-foil-backed adhesive tape.

13. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that, to produce the bulkhead, the pipe or media lines (3.1, 3.2, 3.3) are encased outside the passage openings (2.1, 2.2, 2.3) with the sleeves (5.1, 5.2, 5.3), at least one of these sleeves (5.1, 5.2, 5.3) then being compressed along its circumference at its end to be introduced into the relevant passage opening (2.1, 2.2, 2.3) by means of one or more constricting means, and then a section of the end of the sleeve (5.1, 5.2, 5.3) compressed in this way is introduced into the passage opening (2.1, 2.2, 2.3).

14. Building wall with a conduit system comprising pipe or media lines (3.1, 3.2, 3.3) which pass through the building wall (1) having a bulkhead produced in accordance with any one of claims 1 to 13.