Measuring roller for determining a property of a band-shaped item guided over the measuring roller, use of a measuring roller for determining a property of a band-shaped item guided over the measuring roller, and method for determining the position of a band edge of a band-shaped item.

Description

[0001] The invention relates to the specific use of a measuring roller for determining a property of a strip-shaped material, in particular a metal strip, guided over the measuring roller. Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for determining the position of a strip edge of a strip-shaped material relative to a reference point, a reference line, or a reference plane. Likewise, the invention relates to a measuring roller for determining a property of a strip-shaped material, in particular a metal strip, guided over the measuring roller.

[0002] Measuring rolls are used in the cold and hot rolling of metal strip and are known, for example, from DE 42 36 657 A1.

[0003] For the conventional measurement of flatness during strip rolling, methods are mainly used in which the strip is guided at a certain wrap angle over a measuring roller equipped with force sensors.

[0004] In this way, in the measuring roller described in DE 42 36 657 A1, contact occurs between the force sensors or their covers, which are arranged in radial recesses open to the measuring roller surface, and the belt. A cylindrical gap exists between the force sensors clamped at the bottom of their recess and the surrounding recess wall.

[0005] This gap can be sealed with an O-ring as a shoulder seal or with a plastic layer as a front seal to prevent dirt, such as belt abrasion and lubricant, from penetrating the annular gap between the force sensor and the measuring roller body. It is also possible, as shown in Fig. 1c of DE 42 36 657 A1, to place the encoder in a recess in the solid roller, which is then covered with a machined-on membrane. The cover shown in DE 42 36 657 A1 has a round outer surface, the geometric shape of which is thus mirror-symmetrical with respect to a plane perpendicular to the rotation axis, as well as mirror-symmetrical with respect to a plane containing the rotation axis.

[0006] The arrangement of the force sensors at a distance from the surrounding wall and the closing of the annular gap with an O-ring or a sufficiently elastic plastic (DE 196 16 980 A1) prevents transverse forces acting in the body of the measuring roller during rolling from having a disruptive effect on the force sensors or the measurement result. Such disruptive forces are the result of the strip tension acting on the measuring roller and the associated deflection of the measuring roller. The measuring roller's cross-section takes on the shape of an ellipse, with its longer axis running parallel to the strip. The measuring roller deflection simulates an unevenness of the strip to the force sensor when it is transmitted to the measuring transmitter via force shunt. Such force shunt cannot be completely avoided when using a seal in the annular gap, since the sealing forces inevitably act on the force sensor.The cover shown in DE 196 16 980 A1 has a round outer surface, the geometric shape of which is therefore mirror-symmetrical with respect to a plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation, as well as mirror-symmetrical with respect to a plane containing the axis of rotation.

[0007] DE 102 07 501 C1 discloses a solid roll for detecting flatness deviations during the processing of strip-shaped material, particularly metal strip, with force sensors arranged in recesses, in which the force sensors are axially accessible. The axially extending recesses are often created using deep-hole drilling tools. For measuring rolls with barrel widths >1000 mm, very long drilling tools must be used, since the drilling tool must first be moved over the sometimes very long pins to drill the recess on the face.

[0008] DE 20 2007 001 066 U1 discloses a measuring roller for determining flatness deviations when processing strip-shaped material, in particular metal strip, comprising a measuring roller body and a casing tube at least partially surrounding the measuring roller body and force sensors arranged in recesses, wherein the recesses extend from one end face of the measuring roller into the measuring roller body and / or into the casing tube. The recess can be closed at the end face with a cover. The journals provided on each end face of this measuring roller are formed on the measuring roller body. A disadvantage of this measuring roller is the weakening of the measuring roller body or the casing tube due to the recesses. With wide measuring rollers, as with deep hole drilling, running over the bearing journal is a major disadvantage.A further problem is the closing of the channels / grooves machined up to the front side, since these are not produced with drilling tools (round channels) as in DE 102 07 501 C1, but with milling tools (square channels).

[0009] State-of-the-art measuring rollers determine the flatness of the strip using individual sensors distributed around the circumference of the measuring roller. The measurement results from the individual sensors are often related to one another during evaluation to determine flatness. With state-of-the-art measuring rollers, measurement errors always occur when the metal strip vibrates. This is the case, for example, when the measuring roller is located near a reel. The vibration means that the amount of force acting on the individual force sensor no longer depends solely on the strip tension and flatness of the strip, but is amplified or reduced by the vibration. This leads to measurement errors, especially with evaluation methods that relate the measurement results from individual sensors distributed around the circumference to one another.

[0010] The use of a measuring roller for determining the position of the strip-shaped material or for determining the position of an edge of the strip-shaped material on the circumferential surface of the measuring roller is known for a specific measuring roller from WO 2020 / 120328 A. The Fig. 7The covers shown in WO 2020 / 120328 each have a round outer surface, the geometric shape of which is thus mirror-symmetrical with respect to a plane perpendicular to the rotation axis, as well as mirror-symmetrical with respect to a plane containing the rotation axis. The force sensor shown in Fig. 20 of WO 2020 / 120328 has a circular outer surface, the geometric shape of which is thus mirror-symmetrical with respect to a plane perpendicular to the rotation axis, as well as mirror-symmetrical with respect to a plane containing the rotation axis. The force sensor shown in Fig. 23 of WO 2020 / 120328 has a square outer surface, the geometric shape of which is therefore mirror-symmetrical with respect to a plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation, as well as mirror-symmetrical with respect to a plane containing the axis of rotation.

[0011] From EP 3 009 206 A1 a measuring roller is known which is suitable for determining the flatness of a metal strip, which a measuring roller body having a circumferential surface, at least one recess in the measuring roller body, at least one beam arranged in the recess, which extends along a longitudinal axis, and a first force sensor arranged in the recess and a second force sensor arranged in the recess wherein the beam is supported within the recess on the first force sensor and the second force sensor, and wherein the measuring roller body extends along a rotational axis and the longitudinal axis of the beam is not parallel to the rotational axis of the measuring roller body, but runs in a plane that is perpendicular to the rotational axis of the measuring roller body. EP 3 009 206 A1 The measuring bar shown has a rectangular outer surface whose geometric shape is mirror-symmetrical with respect to a plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation, as well as mirror-symmetrical with respect to a plane containing the axis of rotation.

[0012] DE 10 2008 030282 B3 relates to a measuring roller and a method for determining flatness errors of a strip and / or for determining the strip tension of a metal strip with at least one measuring beam integrated into the roller shell or into the roller surface, which is supported on sensors.

[0013] Against this background, the invention was based on the problem of creating improved possibilities for determining the position of a strip edge of a strip-shaped material relative to a reference point, a reference line, or a reference plane. This object is achieved by the subject matter of claims 1, 2, and 6. Advantageous embodiments are explained in more detail in the subclaims and the following description.

[0014] The invention is based on the basic idea of ​​further developing the measuring roller known from DE 10 2008 030282 B3 in such a way that the measuring roller a measuring roller body with a circumferential surface, at least one recess in the measuring roller body, at least one beam arranged in the recess, which extends along a longitudinal axis, and a force sensor arranged in the recess wherein the beam is supported on the force sensor within the recess and wherein the measuring roller body moves along a rotation axis and the longitudinal axis of the beam is not parallel to the axis of rotation of the measuring roller body and the longitudinal axis of the beam is not in a plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the measuring roller body, in order to use the measuring roller thus redesigned to determine the position of a strip edge of the strip-shaped material relative to a reference point or a reference line or a reference plane when the strip-shaped material is guided over the measuring roller or to carry out a process for determining the position of the strip edge with this measuring roller.

[0015] Because the longitudinal axis of the beam does not run parallel to the axis of rotation of the measuring roller body and does not run in a plane that is perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the measuring roller body, the longitudinal axis of the beam runs obliquely to the axis of rotation and obliquely to the planes that are perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the measuring roller body. With a beam arranged at an angle of this kind, it is possible to determine from the course of the force measured by the force sensor over time which point on the beam the strip-shaped material (hereinafter also referred to as the strip) comes into contact with for the first time when the strip-shaped material is guided over the measuring roller and the measuring roller rotates. From the known geometry of the beam and, for example, the known position of the beam relative to the edge of the measuring roller (to one end of the measuring roller body), it is possible to calculate, for example, how far the point on the beam with which the strip-shaped material comes into contact for the first time when the strip-shaped material is guided over the measuring roller is from the edge (from one end of the measuring roller body) of the measuring roller.This results in the position of the strip edge relative to the edge of the measuring roller (to one end of the measuring roller body), since the strip-shaped material first runs onto the beam with the strip edge.

[0016] The "longitudinal axis" of a beam is defined as the axis in the main direction in which the beam extends. For a rectangular beam with parallel longitudinal edges and perpendicular side edges that are shorter than the longitudinal edges, the longitudinal axis is the axis that runs through the center of the beam and parallel to the longitudinal edges of the rectangle.In the case of a beam which has a flat, rectangular underside which has longitudinal edges running parallel to one another and side edges running perpendicular to the longitudinal edges and which are shorter than the longitudinal edges, and which has a curved upper side which is suitable for being aligned with a cylindrical outer surface of the measuring roller body and which, when the beam is arranged in the recess, is able to close the gap in the cylindrical outer surface of the measuring roller body created by the recess so that a closed, cylindrical outer surface is produced (apart from any gap around the beam), the longitudinal axis is the axis which runs in the middle of the beam and parallel to the longitudinal edges of the rectangular underside.In a beam which has a non-flat underside and a curved upper side which is suitable for being aligned with a cylindrical outer surface of the measuring roller body, and which, when the beam is arranged in the recess, is able to close the gap in the cylindrical outer surface of the measuring roller body created by the recess so as to result in a closed, cylindrical outer surface (apart from any gap around the beam), and in which two end faces are provided, with the underside and the upper side extending from one end face to the other end face, the longitudinal axis is the line which connects a point on one end face, preferably the center point of one end face, with a point on the other end face, preferably the center point of the other end face. The end faces can be flat surfaces.The end faces can also be curved surfaces, for example partial surfaces of a cylinder, if the beam is not limited by flat end faces but by rounded end faces.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment, the strip-shaped material is guided over the measuring roller, and the measuring roller is rotated by the strip-shaped material guided over it and / or a drive such that, viewed in the direction of rotation of the measuring roller, the outermost end of the beam (the end of the beam closer to the edge of the measuring roller) leads. In a preferred embodiment, outermost regions of the beam come into contact with the strip-shaped material first, before innermost regions of the beam come into contact with the strip-shaped material.

[0018] In a preferred embodiment, the recess is a recess that extends inwards from the circumferential surface of the measuring roller body or extends inwards from a curved surface, preferably a cylindrical surface that runs parallel to the circumferential surface of the measuring roller body. Embodiments are possible in which the recess ends with an opening in the circumferential surface of the measuring roller body, wherein this opening is preferably closed by the beam or by a cover arranged radially above the beam. Embodiments are also possible in which the recess, in the final state of the measuring roller, is closed by a material layer arranged radially outside the recess. Such a material layer can be created by a layer application that is applied to the circumferential surface of a measuring roller body semi-finished product in order to produce the final measuring roller body.Designs are also known in which a casing tube is pushed onto a measuring roller body semi-finished product, thereby closing off recesses in the measuring roller body semi-finished product that end with an opening in the circumferential surface of the measuring roller body semi-finished product. The wall thickness of the casing tube then determines the material layer present radially outside the recess. Designs are also conceivable in which recesses in the measuring roller body semi-finished product that end with an opening in the circumferential surface of the measuring roller body semi-finished product, with the recess being closed by a cover, are closed off by a coating that is applied to the circumferential surface of the measuring roller body semi-finished product. The material thickness of the coating then defines the material layer present radially outside the recess.

[0019] In a preferred embodiment, the majority, preferably the predominant majority (more than 75%) of the cross-sectional areas of the recess in planes perpendicular to a radial direction of the measuring roller have the same shape and / or the same size.

[0020] In a preferred embodiment, the majority, preferably the predominant majority (more than 75%) of the cross-sectional areas of the recess in the planes which perpendicular to a radial direction of the measuring roller and intersect the beam, the same shape as the beam. In a preferred embodiment, all cross-sectional areas of the recess in the planes that run perpendicular to a radial direction of the measuring roller and intersect the beam have the same shape as the beam. In a preferred embodiment, the recess has the same shape but a slightly larger shape (for example, a 1% or 2% larger cross-sectional area in the respective plane), so that a uniform gap forms between the beam and the boundary wall delimiting the recess. The gap can be filled entirely, not at all, or partially with a seal.

[0021] In a preferred embodiment, the beam has a bottom side that is arranged closer to the axis of rotation of the measuring roller body and a top side that is arranged further outward relative to the bottom side in a radial direction of the measuring roller.

[0022] In a preferred embodiment, the beam is supported within the recess on a first force sensor and a second force sensor, wherein the first force sensor is arranged in the recess and the second force sensor is arranged in the recess. In the context of the method according to the invention, the position of the strip edge of the strip-shaped material relative to a reference point or a reference line or a reference plane of the measuring roller body of the measuring roller is determined from the measurement signal of the first force sensor and / or the measurement signal of the second force sensor.

[0023] In a preferred embodiment, the beam rests within the recess with its underside on the first force sensor and the second force sensor. The underside can be flat. The underside can have two shoulders, with the shoulders of the underside supporting the beam on the first force sensor and the second force sensor.

[0024] In a preferred embodiment, the beam has a first end and a second end opposite the first end. In a preferred embodiment, the beam rests with the first end on the first force sensor and with the second end on the second force sensor.

[0025] In a preferred embodiment, the upper side of the beam lies in the curved surface, preferably in the cylindrical surface, in which the peripheral surface of the measuring roller body also lies. In a preferred embodiment, the upper side of the beam lies in a curved surface, preferably in a cylindrical surface, which is arranged parallel to the curved surface, preferably the cylindrical surface, in which the peripheral surface of the measuring roller body lies. However, the upper side can also be flat.

[0026] In a preferred embodiment, the top and bottom of the beam have the same cross-sectional shape. In a preferred embodiment, the top and bottom of the beam have the same cross-sectional shape and the same size. In a preferred embodiment, the top and bottom of the beam have the same cross-sectional shape and the same size and are aligned with each other. Embodiments are also possible in which the bottom has the same cross-sectional shape as the top, but a smaller size.

[0027] In a preferred embodiment, the measuring roller has a center plane which runs perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the measuring roller body and is arranged in the middle between one end of the measuring roller body and the second end opposite the first end.

[0028] The advantages of the invention can already be achieved if the measuring roller has a single beam. In a preferred embodiment, the single beam has a first end arranged on one side of the center plane and a second end opposite the first end, which is arranged on the opposite side of the center plane. In this preferred embodiment, the single beam thus crosses the center plane. In a preferred embodiment, the first end of the beam is arranged closer to the first end of the measuring roller body than to the center plane. Additionally or alternatively, in a preferred embodiment, the second end of the beam is arranged closer to the second end of the measuring roller body than to the center plane. Even with such an embodiment, the position of both edges of the strip can be determined. From the course of the force measured by the force sensor over time, it can be determined when the band first hits the beam, from which the position of the first band edge can be calculated, and when the band runs off the beam again, from which the position of the second band edge can be calculated.

[0029] If the position of both band edges is known, the band width can also be determined as the distance between the two band edges.

[0030] The advantages of the invention can be achieved particularly well if the measuring roller has a first beam and a second beam. In a preferred embodiment, the first beam has a first end and a second end opposite the first end, wherein the first end and the second end of the first beam are arranged on one side of the center plane. In a preferred embodiment, the second beam has a first end and a second end opposite the first end, wherein the first end and the second end of the second beam are arranged on the opposite side of the center plane. In a preferred embodiment, neither the first beam nor the second beam cross the center plane. In a preferred embodiment, the first end of the first beam is arranged closer to the first end of the measuring roller body than to the center plane, the second end of the first beam is arranged closer to the center plane than the first end of the first beam, the first end of the second beam is arranged closer to the second end of the measuring roller body than to the center plane, the second end of the second beam is arranged closer to the center plane than the first end of the second beam, the first end of the first beam and the first end of the second beam are arranged on a line that runs parallel to the axis of rotation of the measuring roller body.

[0031] In a preferred embodiment, the first bar and the second bar are mirror-symmetrical to the center plane.

[0032] A design with a first bar on one side of the center plane and a second bar on the opposite side of the center plane is particularly useful for determining the position of one band edge with the first bar and the position of the second band edge with the second bar. If the position of both band edges is known, the band width can also be determined as the distance between the two band edges.

[0033] Embodiments with more than two beams are also possible. In these embodiments, two beams are preferably combined to form a pair consisting of a first beam and a second beam, wherein the first beam and the second beam of the pair are preferably mirror-symmetrical to the center plane. In a preferred embodiment, a first pair is arranged at a distance from a second pair in the circumferential direction. The resolution can be increased by increasing the number of pairs. The more pairs are arranged in the circumferential direction on the measuring roller body, the more frequently the strip edge position is determined per revolution of the measuring roller.

[0034] The advantages of the invention can be realized with just a single force sensor in the recess, on which the beam rests. Studies have shown that partial overlap of the beam, such as would occur if the strip were placed on the beam with the strip edge extending over the beam, can be determined from the signal of the single force sensor. The degree of partial overlap can also be determined, allowing the position of the strip edge on the beam and thus the position of the strip edge on the measuring roller to be determined.

[0035] In embodiments in which only a single force sensor is provided in the recess, on which the beam in the recess is supported, it is possible for the beam to be supported only on the force sensor and otherwise unsupported. Apart from the support on the force sensor, the beam in this embodiment is therefore freely suspended. In an alternative embodiment, the beam is supported on the single force sensor and has at least a second support point on a shoulder in the recess. Preferably, the beam in this embodiment has only two supports, namely once on the force sensor and once on a single support point on a shoulder in the recess.

[0036] Designs are also possible in which the beam in the recess is supported by more than two force sensors.

[0037] In a preferred embodiment, the longitudinal axis of the beam extends in a plane which is at an angle of 10° to 80°, preferably 15° to 75°, preferably 15° to 50°, preferably 20° to 45°, preferably 30° to 60° to a plane containing the axis of rotation.

[0038] In a preferred embodiment, the beam is rectangular in cross-section, not square, in a plane that contains the longitudinal axis of the beam or runs parallel to the longitudinal axis. Embodiments are possible in which the beam is essentially rectangular but rounded at its ends with semicircles. This allows, for embodiments in which the recess has the same cross-sectional shape as the beam, the recess to be designed with rounded ends and without corners prone to cracking.

[0039] In a preferred embodiment, the beam has in the majority, preferably in the predominant majority of the levels, the perpendicular to a radial direction of the measuring roller intersecting the longitudinal axis of the beam, a cross-sectional shape that is mirror-symmetrical with respect to a plane containing the radial direction of the measuring roller intersecting the longitudinal direction of the beam and the longitudinal direction of the beam, and / or is mirror-symmetrical with respect to a plane containing the radial direction of the measuring roller intersecting the longitudinal direction of the beam and perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the beam.

[0040] In a preferred embodiment, the beam has a length from its first end to its second end which corresponds to at least 5%, preferably at least 10%, preferably at least 15%, preferably at least 20%, preferably at least 30% of the longest length of the measuring roller body along a line parallel to the axis of rotation of the measuring roller body.

[0041] The beam is particularly preferably screwed into the recess with a clamping screw. In a preferred embodiment, one clamping screw is provided for each force sensor in the recess. In a preferred embodiment, the respective force sensor is ring-shaped and the clamping screw runs through the center of the ring. The clamping screw is preferably seated with its head in a groove, particularly preferably a groove corresponding to the cross-sectional shape of the head of the clamping screw, for example a circular groove or a hexagonal groove. The clamping screw can be used to generate preload on the force sensor. Embodiments are also possible in which the force sensor itself has a thread for the clamping screw.

[0042] With the use according to the invention and the method according to the invention, the position of the strip edge of the strip-shaped material is determined relative to a reference point, a reference line or a reference plane. In a preferred embodiment, with the use according to the invention and the method according to the invention, the position of the strip edge of the strip-shaped material is determined relative to a reference point, a reference line or a reference plane of the measuring roller. However, designs are also possible in which with the use according to the invention and the method according to the invention, the position of the strip edge of the strip-shaped material is determined relative to a reference point, a reference line or a reference plane of a system in which the measuring roller is installed, for example the vertical center plane of a rolling stand or a coiler. A reference point can be a point at the end of the measuring roller body. A reference line can be a line that runs once around the measuring roller body.A reference plane can be the plane in which one end of the measuring roller body lies. A reference plane can be the center plane.

[0043] The use of the measuring roller proposed according to the invention for determining the strip edge position can already be carried out with a measuring roller which only contains the beam(s). Within the scope of the invention, it is possible to determine only the strip edge position with the measuring roller. However, within the scope of the invention, it is also possible to use the same measuring roller to measure both the position of the strip edge and the strip width (which results from the distance between one strip edge and the other strip edge) as well as other properties of the strip-shaped material, such as the flatness of the strip-shaped material or the strip tension. In a preferred embodiment, within the scope of the use proposed according to the invention, a measuring roller is used which, in addition to the beam(s) provided according to the invention, has further recesses with further force sensors.The force sensors of the additional recesses are used, for example, to determine flatness and / or strip tension. For the inventive use, existing measuring rollers equipped for determining flatness and / or strip tension can be retrofitted by additionally incorporating the beam provided according to the invention and the recess provided for it, or the beams provided according to the invention and the recesses provided for them, into the existing measuring roller.

[0044] The invention therefore also proposes a measuring roller which is suitable for determining a property of a strip-shaped material, in particular of metal strip, which is guided over the measuring roller, which a measuring roller body having a circumferential surface, at least one recess in the measuring roller body, wherein the recess has a first cross-sectional shape, at least one beam arranged in the recess, which extends along a longitudinal axis, and a first force sensor arranged in the recess wherein the beam is supported on the first force sensor within the recess and wherein the measuring roller body extends along a rotation axis and the longitudinal axis of the beam does not run parallel to the rotation axis of the measuring roller body and the longitudinal axis of the beam does not run in a plane which is perpendicular to the rotation axis of the measuring roller body, wherein at least one further recess is provided in the measuring roller body, wherein a second force sensor is arranged in the further recess and the further recess has a second cross-sectional shape which is different from the first cross-sectional shape.

[0045] According to the invention, the cross-sectional shape of the further recess is circular.

[0046] In a preferred embodiment, the further recess is a bore extending axially and thus parallel to the rotation axis, such as one of the recesses disclosed in DE 102 07 501 C1. Several further recesses with force sensors can also be provided.

[0047] In a preferred embodiment, the additional recess is a radially extending bore, designed, for example, like the recess known from DE 42 36 657 A1. Several additional recesses with force sensors can also be provided.

[0048] According to the invention, a measuring roller for determining a property of a strip-shaped material, in particular of metal strip, guided over the measuring roller is also proposed, which a measuring roller body with a circumferential surface, at least one recess in the measuring roller body, a force sensor arranged in the recess and a cover which at least partially closes the recess and which is arranged above the force sensor as seen in the radial direction of the measuring roller body, wherein the measuring roller body has an axis of rotation, wherein the measuring roller body has an axis of rotation, wherein the cover has an outer surface and / or the force sensor has an outer surface and / or an intermediate piece arranged between the cover and the force sensor has an outer surface, the geometric shape of which is mirror-symmetrical with respect to a plane of symmetry containing the axis of rotation, but the geometric shape of which is not mirror-symmetrical with respect to planes that are perpendicular to the axis of rotation, or the cover has an outer surface and / or the force sensor has an outer surface and / or an intermediate piece arranged between the cover and the force sensor has an outer surface, the geometric shape of which is mirror-symmetrical with respect to a plane of symmetry that is perpendicular to the axis of rotation, but the geometric shape of which is not mirror-symmetrical with respect to planes that are perpendicular to the axis of rotation.Planes that contain the axis of rotation are not mirror-symmetrical or the cover has an outer surface and / or the force sensor has an outer surface and / or an intermediate piece arranged between the cover and the force sensor has an outer surface whose geometric shape is not mirror-symmetrical with respect to planes that are perpendicular to the axis of rotation and is not mirror-symmetrical with respect to planes that contain the axis of rotation.

[0049] The cover, the intermediate piece and / or the force sensor may, for example, have an outer surface which is triangular or polygonal but with an odd number of corners, for example pentagonal or heptagonal, or which has, for example, the shape of a trapezoid or the shape of a parallelogram.

[0050] In a preferred embodiment, no intermediate piece is provided between the cover and the force sensor, so that the invention is realized in that the cover has an outer surface and / or the force sensor has an outer surface whose geometric shape is mirror-symmetrical with respect to a plane of symmetry containing the axis of rotation, but whose geometric shape is not mirror-symmetrical with respect to planes that are perpendicular to the axis of rotation, or the cover has an outer surface and / or the force sensor has an outer surface whose geometric shape is mirror-symmetrical with respect to a plane of symmetry that is perpendicular to the axis of rotation, but whose geometric shape is not mirror-symmetrical with respect to planes that contain the axis of rotation, or the cover has an outer surface and / or the force sensor has an outer surface whose geometric shape is not mirror-symmetrical with respect to planes that are perpendicular to the axis of rotation and also not mirror-symmetrical with respect to planes that contain the axis of rotation.

[0051] In a preferred embodiment, the cover extends along a longitudinal axis, wherein in a particularly preferred embodiment the outer surface is not mirror-symmetrical to a plane containing the longitudinal axis.

[0052] In a preferred embodiment, the force sensor extends along a longitudinal axis, wherein in a particularly preferred embodiment the outer surface is not mirror-symmetrical to a plane containing the longitudinal axis.

[0053] In a preferred embodiment, an intermediate piece arranged between a cover and the force sensor extends along a longitudinal axis, wherein in a particularly preferred embodiment the outer surface is not mirror-symmetrical to a plane containing the longitudinal axis.

[0054] In a preferred embodiment, a clamping screw is provided, the head of which is arranged in a groove in the cover and which is screwed to the base of the recess. Particularly preferably, the force sensor is ring-shaped, and the clamping screw extends through the force sensor.

[0055] It was recognized that the shaping of the outer surface of the cover and / or the force sensor and / or - if present - the intermediate piece, as proposed according to the invention, can achieve the effect that the temporal course of the measurement signal of the force sensor in an operating situation in which the cover is only covered by the strip-shaped material to a first part, differs significantly from the temporal course of the measurement signal of the force sensor in an operating situation in which the cover is only covered by the strip-shaped material to a second part, which is different from the first part, differs, so that by observing the time course it can be determined how much the band-shaped material covers the cover.

[0056] In a preferred embodiment, the measuring roller body has a cutout in which a shaped body is located. In a preferred embodiment, the cutout borders the recess. In a particularly preferred embodiment, the cutout has a base surface, preferably a flat base surface. In a particularly preferred embodiment, the recess opens into the base surface of the cutout. In a preferred embodiment, the recess opens into the base surface at a distance from the edge of the base surface, preferably centrally in the base surface of the cutout. In a preferred embodiment, the recess extends, starting at the base surface of the recess, further into the measuring roller body, preferably radially further into the measuring roller body.

[0057] In a preferred embodiment, the shaped body is fastened in the cutout, preferably screwed and / or glued.

[0058] In a preferred embodiment, in which the recess opens into the base area of ​​the cutout, the cover at least partially closing the recess is arranged in the recess and has an outer surface that is aligned with the base area of ​​the cutout. In an alternative embodiment, in which the recess opens into the base area of ​​the cutout, the cover at least partially closing the recess has an outer surface that, viewed in the radial direction of the measuring roller, is further outward than the base area of ​​the cutout. In such an embodiment, the cover can be arranged entirely above and outside the recess or can protrude from the recess into the cutout.In such an embodiment, the outer surface of the cover can be flush with the peripheral surface of the measuring roller body and / or flush with an outer surface of a molded body arranged in the cutout. An embodiment is also possible in which the measuring roller body comprises a semi-finished measuring roller body and a casing applied to the semi-finished measuring roller body, and the outer surface of the cover is flush with the peripheral surface of the semi-finished measuring roller body and / or flush with an outer surface of a molded body arranged in the cutout.

[0059] A cover arranged at least partially above the recess in the cutout can, in the parts arranged above the recess and in the cutout, be smaller in its dimension perpendicular to a radial of the measuring roller body leading through the cover, preferably leading centrally through the cover, than the dimensions of the opening of the recess, pointing in the same direction, with which the recess opens into the base area of ​​the cutout. In an alternative embodiment, the part of the cover arranged outside the recess but within the cutout projects over the opening of the recess, with which the recess opens into the base area of ​​the cutout, in at least one direction, preferably in two opposite directions, preferably in more than two directions.In a preferred embodiment, in a cover that is arranged exclusively in the cutout, the cover is not round. In a preferred embodiment in which the cover is arranged partially in the recess and partially in the cutout, the part of the cover that is arranged in the cutout is preferably not round.

[0060] In a preferred embodiment, two molded bodies are arranged in the cutout. In a preferred embodiment, the molded bodies fill the cutout or, if a cover protrudes into the space of the cutout, fill the remaining space of the cutout. In a preferred embodiment, the respective molded body has an outer surface that is flush with the peripheral surface of the measuring roller body or a peripheral surface of a semi-finished measuring roller body, for example, complementing the peripheral surface to form a closed cylindrical surface.

[0061] In a preferred embodiment, the recess opens into the base of the cutout, and a single molded body is arranged in the cutout. The molded body has a stamp formed in the molded body, which is arranged above the cover, preferably in contact with the cover. In a preferred embodiment, the stamp is formed by a cutout, preferably an annular cutout, in the molded body.

[0062] In a preferred embodiment, the cover is formed integrally with the molded body. The molded body can have a punch formed in the molded body, which protrudes from above the recess into the recess and is in contact with the force sensor located in the recess. In a preferred embodiment, parts of the punch are exposed by a cutout within the molded body, preferably by means of an annular cutout.

[0063] In a preferred embodiment, the shaped body overlaps a recess that opens into a base area of ​​the cutout. In a preferred embodiment, the shaped body overlaps the recess only slightly. In a preferred embodiment, the area of ​​the shaped body with which the shaped body overlaps the recess corresponds to less than 30%, particularly preferably less than 20%, in particular less than 10% of the area with which the recess opens into the base area of ​​the cutout (the area of ​​the opening of the recess in the base area).

[0064] In a preferred embodiment, the molded body and / or the cover is designed as a layered application, preferably as an independent component that is produced as a layered application, for example by means of 3D printing.

[0065] According to the invention, the cover at least partially closes the recess. In a preferred embodiment, the cover at least partially closes the recess by being arranged at least partially, preferably entirely, within the recess. The cover is preferably arranged within the recess with a circumferential gap. The shape of the recess preferably corresponds to the cover.

[0066] Preferably, the recess is designed at least in the region of its opening provided at the radially outer end of the recess in such a way that the opening has a geometric shape that is mirror-symmetrical with respect to a plane of symmetry containing the axis of rotation, but whose geometric shape is not mirror-symmetrical with respect to planes that are perpendicular to the axis of rotation, or the opening has a geometric shape that is mirror-symmetrical with respect to a plane of symmetry that is perpendicular to the axis of rotation, but whose geometric shape is not mirror-symmetrical with respect to planes that contain the axis of rotation, or the opening has a geometric shape that is not mirror-symmetrical with respect to planes that are perpendicular to the axis of rotation and is not mirror-symmetrical with respect to planes that contain the axis of rotation.

[0067] However, "at least partially closing the recess" and the formulation that the cover "at least partially closes the recess" are understood to mean any embodiment in which the cover, viewed along a radial line of the measuring roller body, at least partially overlaps the recess, in particular the opening provided at the radially outer end of the recess. This is achieved with covers arranged in the recess. However, this is also achieved with covers arranged outside the recess and above the recess, for example, arranged in a cutout of the measuring roller body, and shaped and positioned such that the thus shaped and positioned cover, viewed along a radial line of the measuring roller body, at least partially overlaps the recess, in particular the opening provided at the radially outer end of the recess.

[0068] The cover can be the above-described beam arranged in the recess and extending along a longitudinal axis. However, embodiments are also possible in which the cover is arranged outside the recess. In a preferred embodiment, an intermediate piece is provided in these embodiments, which is arranged between the cover and the force sensor. Preferably, at least in one operating situation, the intermediate piece is in contact with the cover at one end and with the force sensor at an opposite end. The intermediate piece can transmit compressive forces exerted on the cover to the force sensor.

[0069] The shape, in particular the cross-sectional shape of the intermediate piece, can be adapted to the shape, in particular the cross-sectional shape, of the cover and can accommodate asymmetric shapes, in particular an asymmetric cross-sectional shape of the cover. Embodiments are also possible in which the shape, in particular the cross-sectional shape of the intermediate piece, deviates from a shape, in particular the cross-sectional shape, of the force sensor. For example, the cover can have an asymmetric cross-sectional shape, and the intermediate piece and the force sensor can have a symmetric cross-sectional shape.

[0070] The shape, in particular the cross-sectional shape of the intermediate piece, can also be adapted to the shape, in particular the cross-sectional shape, of the force sensor and can accommodate asymmetric shapes, in particular an asymmetric cross-sectional shape of the force sensor. Embodiments are also possible in which the shape, in particular the cross-sectional shape of the intermediate piece, deviates from a shape, in particular the cross-sectional shape, of the cover. For example, the intermediate piece and the force sensor can have an asymmetric cross-sectional shape, and the cover can have a symmetric cross-sectional shape.

[0071] Finally, embodiments are also possible in which the intermediate piece has a shape, in particular a cross-sectional shape, that differs from the cross-sectional shape of the cover and the cross-sectional shape of the force sensor. For example, the intermediate piece can have an asymmetric cross-sectional shape, and the cover and the force sensor can have a symmetric cross-sectional shape.

[0072] The above-mentioned cross-sectional shape of the above-mentioned embodiments refers in particular to the respective cross-sectional shape in a plane perpendicular to a radial of the measuring roller body.

[0073] In a preferred embodiment, the intermediate piece is an independent element. However, embodiments are also conceivable in which the intermediate piece is part of the body that forms the cover. For example, an embodiment is possible in which a body has an upper part whose cross-sectional shape is circular and which functions as a cover, wherein the body has a lower part that forms an intermediate piece whose cross-sectional shape is designed asymmetrically. In a preferred embodiment, a body is provided which has an upper part that functions as a cover, wherein the body has a lower part that forms an intermediate piece whose cross-sectional shape is designed asymmetrically such that an outer surface of the intermediate piece facing the force sensor is provided, the geometric shape of which is mirror-symmetrical with respect to a plane of symmetry containing the axis of rotation, but the geometric shape of which is not mirror-symmetrical with respect to planes that are perpendicular to the axis of rotation, or an outer surface of the intermediate piece facing the force sensor is provided, the geometric shape of which is mirror-symmetrical with respect to a plane of symmetry that is perpendicular to the axis of rotation, but the geometric shape of which is not mirror-symmetrical with respect to planes that contain the axis of rotation, or an outer surface of the intermediate piece facing the force sensor is provided, the geometric shape of which is not mirror-symmetrical with respect to planes that are perpendicular to the axis of rotation, and also not mirror-symmetrical with respect to planes that contain the axis of rotation.

[0074] A "layer application" as defined in this description encompasses a material application by which a layer, particularly of metal, can initially be applied point-by-point, line-by-line, column-by-column, and / or grid-by-grid to form a three-dimensional object in the form of one or more layers on top of one another. During layer application, the layer currently being applied can be firmly bonded to an underlying layer or to the measuring roller body, provided that the layer is the first to be applied to the measuring roller body. The material application can be carried out layer-by-layer, computer-controlled, from one or more liquid or solid materials according to specified dimensions and shapes. Physical or chemical hardening or melting processes can take place during the material application. By means of layer application, a closed, essentially smooth surface can be created. The layer application can consist of a single layer.A single layer can be created by applying it once point by point, line by line, column by column, and / or grid by grid. With such a structure, no further layers are applied point by point, line by line, column by column, and / or grid by grid on top of a first layer once created. In a preferred embodiment, however, the layer structure consists of several layers, which are preferably produced one after the other. "Point by point" is understood to mean the application of a layer or part of a layer in one operation that does not involve any relative movement along the circumferential surface of the measuring roller body. The term "point by point" is not to be understood as a limitation on the size of the layer or part of the layer that is applied in this operation. "Point by point" can also mean the application of a large-area layer ora large-area portion of a layer, as long as this work step is possible without relative movements along the circumferential surface of the measuring roller body. In a preferred embodiment, the layer application is formed by means of printing with a 3D printer, laser beam melting (LBM), electron beam melting (EBM), laser powder deposition welding, wire-fed arc welding, thermal spraying, deposition welding, wire laser deposition welding, a powder bed process, particularly preferably so-called "Selective Laser Sintering" (SLS) or "Selective Laser Melting" (SLM), laser metal deposition (LMD), extremely high-speed laser deposition welding (EHLA), and / or deposition soldering. This enables layer application using additive manufacturing based on 3D models.If examples for the production of the layer application are given, this additive manufacturing based on 3D models includes free-jet binder application, material application with directed energy input, material extrusion, free-jet material application, powder-bed-based melting, layer lamination, bath-based photopolymerization, and combinations of the aforementioned processes. The recess alone or the recess with the cover or the beam and the force sensor can thus be at least partially closed, preferably completely closed. The mentioned processes offer the advantage that a material feed for the layer application can be moved over the measuring roller body using linear axes or a robot. A material mix or essentially a pure material can be used. The creation of a melt is possible.In particular, a laser or electron beam can be used to generate a melt of the supplied material, which is then applied to the measuring roller body or to layers already present above the measuring roller body. It can be provided that the material for layer application is conveyed as a powder with a protective gas stream or by means of a wire feed into the area where a material melt is generated.

[0075] In particular, the aforementioned methods can be used to implement a joining principle, which is particularly fusion welding. This enables a material bond.

[0076] In a preferred embodiment, the coating comprises at least one weldable metal, at least one weldable alloy, and / or ceramic reinforcement particles. By appropriately selecting the material for the coating, the requirements of the measuring roller can be met and / or good thermal stability can be taken into account while simultaneously offering good manufacturing options. Metals with high strength and toughness are particularly preferred. Iron, cobalt, nickel, chromium, molybdenum, vanadium, and their alloys are particularly preferred, for example, a chromium-molybdenum alloy (CrMo), for example, 42CrMo4, or a chromium-molybdenum-vanadium alloy (CrMoVa), for example, 86CrMoV7, or, for example, a tungsten-nickel-chromium alloy (WCNiCr).

[0077] In a preferred embodiment, the coating comprises layers of different compositions one above the other, so that different requirements for the layers with regard to their position on the measuring roller body can be taken into account. For example, the layer or the multiple layers directly above the recess can be formed from the same material, which can in particular be the same or a similar material to the material for the measuring roller body. One or more layers above the layer of the coating application, which are arranged directly above the recess, can be formed using a highly wear-resistant material. Silicon carbide, tungsten carbide, titanium carbide, tantalum carbide and / or chromium carbide are particularly preferred.

[0078] In a preferred embodiment, the measuring roller body is designed as a layered structure.

[0079] The measuring roller according to the invention has a measuring roller body. The measuring roller body preferably has a closed circumferential surface. In a preferred embodiment, the measuring roller body is a solid roller that extends along a longitudinal axis. A solid roller is understood to be a measuring roller body that is in one piece and whose shape was either produced using a primary forming process, for example casting, and / or whose geometric shape is produced from a one-piece semi-finished product by separating processes, in particular by machining, in particular by turning, drilling, milling or grinding. In a preferred embodiment, in such a measuring roller body designed as a solid roller, the measuring roller pins arranged on the end face of the measuring roller for rotatably mounting the measuring roller, for example in ball bearings, are also part of the one-piece body.

[0080] However, there are also designs such as those found in Fig. 2DE 20 2014 006 820 U1, in which the main part of the measuring roller body is designed as a cylindrical solid roller, which has covers arranged on the front side, on which the measuring roller pins are formed. Furthermore, the measuring roller body according to the invention can, for example, be designed like the one shown in Fig. 3 The measuring roller body can be designed as described in DE 20 2014 006 820 U1, in which the measuring roller body is formed with integrally formed pins and a casing tube is pushed over the measuring roller body. In a particularly preferred embodiment, however, the measuring roller does not have a casing tube, but is designed as a solid roller. Embodiments are conceivable in which the measuring roller body according to the invention is formed from individual discs arranged side by side, as shown, for example, in DE 26 30 410 C2.

[0081] At least one recess is provided in the measuring roller body of the measuring roller according to the invention. It has been shown that the advantages of the invention can be achieved with just a single recess in the measuring roller body. Thus, for flatness measurements, it is conceivable to provide information about the flatness of the strip-shaped material guided over the measuring roller once per revolution of the measuring roller.

[0082] In a preferred embodiment, the measuring roller body has a plurality of recesses. In a preferred embodiment, the recesses are designed at the same radial distance from the longitudinal axis of the measuring roller body. In a preferred embodiment, all recesses are arranged equidistant from one another in the circumferential direction. However, embodiments are also conceivable in which a first group of recesses is provided, which are particularly preferably arranged at the same radial distance from the longitudinal axis and equidistant in the circumferential direction, and in which, in addition to this first group of recesses, at least one further recess is provided, which is either designed differently than the recesses in terms of its radial distance from the longitudinal axis and / or does not have the same distance in the circumferential direction from the other recesses as the other recesses have from one another.For example, it is conceivable to design a measuring roller with regard to the flatness measurement in the same way as a measuring roller of the prior art, for example like the solid roller known from DE 102 07 501 or the measuring rollers known from DE 10 2014 012 426 A1, but then to provide these measuring rollers of the prior art with a further recess outside the grid for the equipment according to the invention, with which, for example, a different measurement is carried out.

[0083] In a preferred embodiment, the measuring roller has bearing journals. In a preferred embodiment, in embodiments of the measuring roller with end faces, the bearing journals are formed on the end faces.

[0084] In a preferred embodiment, the measuring roller body is cylindrical.

[0085] In a preferred embodiment, the force sensor has a sensor surface, wherein the force sensor can generate a sensor signal when the position of the sensor surface of the force sensor changes. Force sensors are referred to as force sensors because they are used to measure forces, particularly preferably compressive forces. In order to measure the force acting on them, the force sensors are designed such that they have a sensor surface and can generate a sensor signal when the position of the sensor surface changes. The force sensors usually have an associated reference system and react to changes in the position of the sensor surface in this reference system. Force sensors often have a housing. The reference system is then frequently the housing. In such an embodiment, the force sensor can, for example, determine whether the position of the sensor surface has changed relative to the housing.If the force sensor is designed as a piezoelectric force sensor, for example, it has a piezo quartz that can generate an electrical signal when the position of one of its surfaces is changed relative to a reference surface, for example an opposite surface of the piezo quartz, for example when the piezo quartz is compressed. In a force sensor designed as a strain gauge, a change in the position of the surface of the force sensor changes the length of the measuring wire or the measuring grid formed from measuring wires, usually stretched, but sometimes also compressed. In a force sensor designed as an optical force sensor, the optical properties of the force sensor, for example the refractive index or reflection properties, are changed by the change in the position of the surface.

[0086] The force sensors to be used according to the invention have a sensor surface whose change in position the force sensor observes to determine a force acting on it. Embodiments are conceivable in which the sensor surface is a surface of the element whose properties are changed to generate the sensor signal, for example a surface of the piezo quartz itself. However, intermediate pieces on which the sensor surface is formed are often provided in such force sensors. Such intermediate pieces are often rigid blocks in which a change in the position of one surface of the rigid block directly leads to a change in the position of the opposite surface due to the rigidity of the block. Such intermediate pieces can be used to design the sensor surface to protrude from other parts of the force sensor, in particular from a housing.A sensor surface that protrudes relative to other parts of the force sensor increases measurement accuracy by creating a clearly defined surface that can be influenced by the environment. Protruding sensor surfaces can, for example, prevent measurement errors caused by force shunts. The force sensor according to the invention can, for example, be designed like the force sensor shown in DE 1 773 551 A1 and have a piezo element arranged in a housing and consisting of a multilayer crystal arrangement, which is arranged between two force transmission disks. In such an embodiment, the sensor surface would be the outer surface of the force transmission disk shown in . Fig. 1 the DE 1 773 551 A1 upper power transmission disc or the outer surface of the Fig. 1 the DE 1 773 551 A1 lower power transmission disc.

[0087] In a preferred embodiment, the sensor surface is flat. In a preferred embodiment, the surface normal of the flat sensor surface of the force sensor points toward the peripheral surface.

[0088] In a preferred embodiment, the surface normal of a flat sensor surface at the point on the sensor surface at which the sensor surface is intersected by a radial of the measuring roller body is at an angle to this radial of the measuring roller body which is less than 45°, particularly preferably less than 20°, particularly preferably less than 10°, particularly preferably less than 5°.

[0089] In a preferred embodiment, the sensor surface of a force sensor used in the measuring roller according to the invention is a flat surface.

[0090] In a preferred embodiment, the sensor surface is a surface which is highlighted from other elements of the force sensor and which is in contact with a cover which closes the recess towards the peripheral surface.

[0091] In a preferred embodiment, at least two force sensors used in the measuring roller according to the invention, particularly preferably the majority of the force sensors used in the measuring roller according to the invention, particularly preferably all force sensors used in the measuring roller according to the invention are of the same design, thus of the same type and in particular of the same series, particularly preferably of identical construction.

[0092] In a preferred embodiment, the measuring roller has a plurality of force sensors, all arranged in a recess. Particularly preferably, more than 5, particularly preferably more than 7, particularly preferably more than 10, particularly preferably more than 15 force sensors are arranged in a recess.

[0093] The measuring roller according to the invention is particularly preferably used for determining the properties of a metal strip during cold or hot rolling, in particular for determining the flatness of the metal strip. Further areas of application can include further processing lines, such as skin-pass mills, strip annealing lines, galvanizing lines, and stretch-bend-leveling lines.

[0094] The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to exemplary embodiments illustrated in the drawings. In the drawings: Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a measuring roller to be used according to the invention for determining the strip edge position; Fig. 2 a schematic representation of the circumferential surface of the measuring roller body of the measuring roller, developed into a plane, and the strip-shaped material running over this circumferential surface; Fig.3 a schematic sectional drawing through a part of the measuring roller and a recess in the measuring roller body with bars arranged in the recess and a first force sensor and a second force sensor; Fig. 4 an excerpt from the illustration according to Fig. 2 ; Fig. 5 a plan view of part of the circumferential surface of a measuring roller according to the invention; Fig. 6 a sectional view of a part of the measuring roller according to the invention along the section line AA in Fig. 5 ; Fig. 7 a sectional view of a part of the measuring roller according to the invention along the section line BB in Fig. 5 ; Fig. 8 one according to the view Fig. 6 comparable sectional view of a part of another embodiment of a measuring roller according to the invention; Fig. 9 a schematic plan view of a force sensor of a measuring roller; Fig. 10 a schematic plan view of an intermediate piece and a force sensor of a measuring roller; Fig. 11 a schematic plan view of an intermediate piece and a force sensor of a measuring roller; and Fig. 12 a schematic representation of the forces acting on a measuring roller.

[0095] The measuring roller 1 to be used according to the invention for the strip edge position has Fig. 1 Pin 2 and has a measuring roller body 1a designed as a solid roller. The measuring roller body 1a has a rotation axis A, which is also the longitudinal axis A of the measuring roller body 1a.

[0096] The measuring roller body 1a is designed as a cylinder and has a circumferential surface 1b. The circumferential surface 1b of the cylindrical measuring roller body 1a is Fig. 2shown as a developed surface.

[0097] The Fig. 1 The embodiment shown has two recesses 300. A beam 301 is arranged in each of the recesses 300. The respective beam 301 extends along a longitudinal axis 302. In the embodiment shown in Fig. 1 In the embodiment shown, the respective beam 301 is essentially rectangular and has semicircular ends at its ends, thus the end faces of this beam 301 are curved surfaces, namely partial surfaces of a cylinder. Fig. 2 In the embodiment shown, the end faces are flat surfaces.

[0098] In the Fig. 1In the embodiment shown, a first force sensor 303 and a second force sensor 304 are arranged in each recess 300. The respective beam 301 is supported within the recess on the first force sensor 303 and the second force sensor 304. The respective longitudinal axis 302 of the respective beam 301 does not run parallel to the rotational axis A of the measuring roller body 1a and does not run in a plane that is perpendicular to the rotational axis A of the measuring roller body 1a. The beams 301 run obliquely across the measuring roller body 1a.

[0099] In Fig. 1 The center plane 305 of the measuring roller body 1a is shown. The center plane 305 runs perpendicular to the rotation axis A of the measuring roller body 1a and is located midway between one end 306 of the measuring roller body 1a and the second end 307 opposite the first end 306.

[0100] The first beam 301 has a first end 308 and a second end 309 opposite the first end 308, wherein the first end 308 and the second end 309 of the first beam 301 are arranged on one side of the center plane 305. The second beam 301 has a first end 310 and a second end 311 opposite the first end 310, wherein the first end 310 and the second end 311 of the second beam 301 are arranged on the opposite side of the center plane 305. Neither the first beam 301 nor the second beam 301 cross the center plane. The first beam 301 and the second beam 301 are designed such that the first end 308 of the first beam 301 is arranged closer to the first end 306 of the measuring roller body 1a than to the center plane 305, the second end 309 of the first beam 301 is arranged closer to the center plane 305 than the first end 308 of the measuring roller body 1a, the first end 310 of the second beam 301 is arranged closer to the second end 307 of the measuring roller body 1a than to the center plane 305, the second end 311 of the second beam 301 is arranged closer to the center plane 305 than the first end 310, the first end 308 of the first beam 301 and the first end 310 of the second beam 310 are arranged on a line 312 which runs parallel to the rotation axis A of the measuring roller body 1a.

[0101] The first beam 301 and the second beam 301 are mirror-symmetrical to the center plane 305.

[0102] Fig. 3shows that the beam 301 has an upper side 313 and a lower side 314. The upper side 313 is arranged radially further outward than the lower side 314. The upper side is arranged in a curved surface 315, which is cylindrical and runs parallel to the cylindrical peripheral surface 1b of the measuring roller body 1a.

[0103] Fig. 3 shows a layer deposit 316 that was applied from above to the upper side 313 of the beam 301. The layer deposit 316 closes the recess 300 and creates a closed circumferential surface 1b of the measuring roller body 1a. The layer deposit 316 can be produced by additive manufacturing processes. The layer deposit 316 can be produced by deposition welding. The layer deposit 316 can be produced during 3D printing, particularly preferably 3D printing of the entire measuring roller body 1a.

[0104] To determine the position of the strip edge 317 of the strip-shaped material 318 (the strip 318), the strip 318 is guided over the measuring roller 1 in such a way that it surrounds it with a wrap angle ALPHA (cf. Fig. 12 ). By the movement of the belt 318, the measuring roller 1 is rotated about the rotation axis A. In addition, a drive can be provided which supports the rotation of the measuring roller 1 about the rotation axis.

[0105] In the Fig. 2 and Fig. 4 The band 318 is partially shown. For clarity, the band 318 has been cut off at the line where the band 318 first comes into contact with the first beam 301 (the contact point 319). In reality, the band 318 extends from the cut edge 320 even further to the right in the Fig. 2 and 4. The belt 318 is moved in the direction of arrow 321 over the measuring roller 1. Due to this movement, the belt 318 also rotates the measuring roller 1 in the direction of arrow 321. Due to the rotation of the measuring roller 1, the first bar 301 and the second bar 301 are brought into contact with the belt 318 once per revolution of the measuring roller 1. Due to the oblique position of the bars 301, the position of the point at which the respective bar 301 first comes into contact with the belt 318 per revolution (the respective contact point 319) depends on the position of the belt edge 317 relative to the center plane 305 or the position of the belt edge 317 relative to the first end 306 or the position of the belt edge 317 relative to the second end 307. In the Fig. 2 and 4In the operating situation shown, the upper strip edge 317 is further away from the center plane 305 than the lower strip edge 317. The distance of the upper strip edge 317 to the first end 306 of the measuring roller body 1a is smaller than the distance of the lower strip edge 317 to the second end 307 of the measuring roller body 1a. Therefore, the distance of the contact point 319 of the upper strip edge 317 on the first beam 301 to the first end 308 of the first beam 301 is smaller than the distance of the contact point 319 of the lower strip edge 317 on the second beam 301 to the first end 310 of the second beam 301. In the Fig. 2 and 4In the operating situation shown, the upper strip edge 317 has just touched the first beam 301, while the lower strip edge 317 has not yet touched the second beam 301. The force sensors on which the first beam 301 rests are already emitting a signal. The force sensors on which the second beam 301 rests are not yet emitting a signal.

[0106] Fig. 4 shows that the distance of the strip edge 317 from the first end 306 of the measuring roller 1 is given by the formula by = b − ax / tan BETA can be calculated, where b = axial distance of the point of the second end 309 of the beam 301 closest to the center plane 305; ax = distance in the circumferential direction between the point of the second end 309 of the beam 301 closest to the center plane 305 and the impact point 319 (initial deflection of the measurement signal); BETA = angle between the roller axis and the beam.

[0107] The distance ax can be determined using a rotary encoder. The rotary encoder can also be used to resolve the force sensor signal in relation to the angle of rotation. This makes it possible to determine at which angle of rotation the first deflection of the force sensor signal occurs. For example, if a table is stored which distance ax occurs at which angle of rotation, the value ax can be determined by monitoring the force sensor signal in relation to the angle of rotation. If the initial deflection of the signal is determined and the angle of rotation at which the first deflection occurs is output, the value ax corresponding to this angle of rotation can be determined using the angle of rotation and a mapping table between the angle of rotation and ax.

[0108] Fig. 1shows that the measuring roller can be designed solely to determine the strip edge position and, if desired, the strip width. For such an application, the measuring roller 1 is equipped with only two beams 301.

[0109] Fig. 2 shows that the beams 301 used to determine the strip edge position can be combined with additional force sensors in additional recesses, which can be used, for example, to determine the flatness. Fig. 2 a first row of recesses 203 and a second row of recesses 203.

[0110] At the Fig. 1 , 2In the embodiment shown, the cover designed as a beam 301 is designed such that it has an outer surface whose geometric shape is not mirror-symmetrical with respect to planes perpendicular to the rotation axis A, nor is it mirror-symmetrical with respect to planes containing the rotation axis A.

[0111] Fig. 5 shows a top layer on a part of the outer surface of a measuring roller 1 according to the invention. The measuring roller 1 has a cutout 400. In the cutout 400, two molded bodies 401 and 402 as well as a cover 403 are arranged. The cover 403 has in the plan view of the Fig. 5 , which corresponds to a plan view along a radial of the measuring roller body 1a, has a trapezoidal cross-sectional shape. The cover is held by a clamping screw 404. The shaped bodies 401, 402 are held by fastening screws 405. In Fig. 5the rotation axis A of the measuring roller body 1a is shown. Fig. 5 shows that the cover 403 is designed so that the cover 403 has an outer surface whose geometric shape is not mirror-symmetrical with respect to planes perpendicular to the rotation axis A, nor is it mirror-symmetrical with respect to planes containing the rotation axis A.

[0112] Fig. 6 , 7 shows that an intermediate piece 407 is arranged between the cover 403 and the force sensor 406. The intermediate piece 407 is stepped, but is symmetrical, namely round, in cross-sections perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the fastening screw 404. The force sensor 406 is designed as a circular ring around the longitudinal axis of the fastening screw 404.

[0113] Fig. 6 shows that the shaped bodies 401, 402 project over the recess 408 in the measuring roller body 1a.

[0114] The cutout 400 in the measuring roller body 1a has a flat base surface 409.

[0115] Fig. 8 shows that the cover 403 and the molded bodies 401, 402 can be part of a single-piece body. A stamp 410 can be provided in the body, which is arranged above the intermediate piece 407 and preferably in contact with the intermediate piece 407. The stamp 410 is formed by an annular cutout 411 in the body.

[0116] Fig. 9 shows a top view of a force sensor 412, which is arranged in a similarly shaped recess (not shown in detail) in the measuring roller body 1a. The rotation axis A is in the Fig. 9 shown. Fig. 9 shows a design in which the force sensor 412 has an outer surface whose geometric shape is not mirror-symmetrical with respect to planes perpendicular to the rotation axis, nor is it mirror-symmetrical with respect to planes containing the rotation axis.

[0117] Fig. 10 shows a plan view of a force sensor 413 (circular, shown in dash-dotted lines), which is arranged in a similarly shaped recess (not shown in detail) in the measuring roller body 1a. Above the force sensor 413 and below a (in Fig. 10 An intermediate piece 414 is provided for the cover (not shown). The rotation axis A is in the Fig. 10 shown. Fig. 10 shows a design in which the intermediate piece 414 arranged between the cover and the force sensor 413 has an outer surface whose geometric shape is mirror-symmetrical with respect to a plane of symmetry containing the rotation axis A, but whose geometric shape is not mirror-symmetrical with respect to planes perpendicular to the rotation axis A

[0118] Fig. 11 shows a plan view of a force sensor 415 (circular, shown in dash-dotted lines), which is arranged in a similarly shaped recess (not shown in detail) in the measuring roller body 1a. Above the force sensor 415 and below a (in Fig. 10 An intermediate piece 416 is provided for the cover (not shown). The rotation axis A is in the Fig. 11 shown. Fig. 11 shows a design in which the intermediate piece 416 arranged between the cover and the force sensor 415 has an outer surface whose geometric shape is not mirror-symmetrical with respect to planes perpendicular to the rotation axis A, nor is it mirror-symmetrical with respect to planes containing the rotation axis A.

[0119] Fig. 12 shows the forces applied to the measuring roller 1 by a metal band partially wrapped around the measuring roller 1 and subject to tension. The quartz force sensors arranged in recesses in the measuring roller 1 generate an electrical charge. This charge is directly proportional to the force applied to the quartz.

[0120] The strip length deviation, usually measured in I-units and commonly used as a representative of the flatness of the strip, can be calculated using the following relationships: Local radial force in N FR,i Local tensile force in N F Z , i = F R , i / 2 × sin α / 2 α = belt deflection angle around measuring roller Local tensile stress in N / mm2 6 Z , i = F Z , i / b El × d b EI = measuring zone width d = strip thickness Tensile stress deviation in N / mm2 Δ 6 Z , i = 6 Z , max − 6 Z , i 6 Z , max = maximale örtliche Zugspannung Tape length deviation in µm / m ΔL / L i = Δ 6 Z , i / E × 10 6 E = E − Modul E Stahl = 2 , 06 × 10 5 N / mm 2 Band length deviation in I-Unit ΔL / L i = Δ 6 Z , i / E × 10 5 E = E − Modul E Stahl = 2 , 06 × 10 5 N / mm 2 Example:

[0121] Quartz force sensor: Sensitivity = 4.2 pC / N Charge on sensor: = 210 pC Force on sensor: FR,i = 50 N FZ,i =50 / (2 x 0.342 / 2) = 146.19 N α = 20° 6 Z , i = 146 , 19 / 25 × 0.5 = 11 , 69 N / mm 2 b EI =25mm,d=0.5mm Δ 6 Z , i = 20 − 11 , 69 = 8,3 N / mm 2 6 Z , max = 20 N / mm 2 ΔL / L i = Δ 6 Z , i / E × 10 6 = 162 , 34 μm / m E = E − Modul E Stahl = 2 , 06 × 10 5 N / mm 2 ΔL / L i = Δ 6 Z , i / E × 10 5 = 16 , 234 I − Unit

Claims

1. Use of a measuring roller (1) which is adapted for determining a property of a strip-shaped material (318), in particular a metal strip, guided over the measuring roller, and which comprises - a measuring roller body (1a) with a circumferential surface (1b), - at least one recess (203, 300, 408) in the measuring roller body (1a), - at least one beam (301) arranged in the recess (203, 300, 408) and extending along a longitudinal axis (302), and - a force sensor (303, 304, 406, 412, 413, 415) arranged in the recess (203, 300, 408) wherein the beam (301) is supported within the recess (203, 300, 408) on the force sensor (303, 304, 406, 412, 413, 415) and wherein the measuring roller body (1a) extends along an axis of rotation (A) and the longitudinal axis (302) of the beam (301) does not extend parallel to the axis of rotation (A) of the measuring roller body (1a) and the longitudinal axis (302) of the beam (301) does not extend in a plane, which is perpendicular to the axis of rotation (A) of the measuring roller body (1a), for determining the position of a strip edge (317) of the strip-shaped material (318) relative to a reference point or a reference line or a reference plane when the strip-shaped material (318) is guided over the measuring roller (1).

2. Method for determining the position of a strip edge of a strip-shaped material relative to a reference point or a reference line or a reference plane when the strip-shaped material is guided over the measuring roller, in which - the strip-shaped material is guided over a measuring roller, whereby the measuring roller comprises • a measuring roller body (1a) with a circumferential surface (1b), • at least one recess (203, 300, 408) in the measuring roller body (1a), • at least one beam (301) arranged in the recess (203, 300, 408) and extending along a longitudinal axis (302), and • a force sensor (303, 304, 406, 412, 413, 415) arranged in the recess (203, 300, 408) wherein the beam (301) is supported within the recess (203, 300, 408) on the force sensor (303, 304, 406, 412, 413, 415) and wherein the measuring roller body (1a) extends along an axis of rotation (A) and the longitudinal axis (302) of the beam (301) does not extend parallel to the axis of rotation (A) of the measuring roller body (1a) and the longitudinal axis (302) of the beam (301) does not extend in a plane which is perpendicular to the axis of rotation (A) of the measuring roller body (1a), - wherein the strip-shaped material (318) is guided over the measuring roller (1) in such a way that a strip edge (317) of the strip-shaped material (318) reaches a position once during one revolution of the measuring roller (1) which is above the beam (301) as viewed in the radial direction of the measuring roller body (1a), - the position of the strip edge (317) of the strip-shaped material (318) relative to a reference point or a reference line or a reference plane is determined from the measurement signal of the force sensor (303, 304, 406, 412, 413, 415).

3. Use according to claim 1 or method according to claim 2, characterized in that the measuring roller (1) has a first force sensor (303) arranged in the recess (300) and a second force sensor (304) arranged in the recess (300), the beam (301) being supported within the recess (300) on the first force sensor (303) and on the second force sensor (304).

4. Use according to claim 1 or 3, method according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that a coating layer is formed over the recess (203, 300, 408).

5. Use according to claim 1, 3 or 4, method according to claim 2, 3 or 4, characterized in that the measuring roller body (1a) has a casing.

6. Measuring roller, which is adapted for determining a property of a strip-shaped material (318), in particular a metal strip, guided over the measuring roller (1) and which comprises • a measuring roller body (1a) with a circumferential surface (1b), • at least one first recess (300) in the measuring roller body (1a), wherein the first recess (300) has a first cross-sectional shape, • at least one beam (301) arranged in the first recess (203, 300, 408) and extending along a longitudinal axis (302), and • a force sensor (303, 304, 406, 412, 413, 415) arranged in the recess (203, 300, 408) wherein the beam (301) is supported within the first recess (203, 300, 408) on the force sensor (303, 304, 406, 412, 413, 415) and wherein the measuring roller body (1a) extends along an axis of rotation (A) and the longitudinal axis (302) of the beam (301) does not extend parallel to the axis of rotation (A) of the measuring roller body (1a) and the longitudinal axis (302) of the beam (301) does not extend in a plane, which is perpendicular to the axis of rotation (A) of the measuring roller body (1a), characterized by at least one further recess (203) in the measuring roller body (1a), a second force sensor (304) being arranged in the further recess (203) and the further recess (203) having a second cross-sectional shape which is different from the first cross-sectional shape, the second cross-sectional shape of the further recess being circular.