MOBILE FOUNDATION FOR TOWER CRANES AND SPEED-ERECTED CRANES

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a mobile foundation for tower cranes and quick-erecting cranes. Such a device is known from CN111663558A.

[0002] Currently, for the temporary erection of tower cranes and self-erecting cranes, concrete foundations must be poured to distribute the crane's forces evenly across the ground via foundation anchors or foundation crosses. These concrete foundations must be demolished, loaded, transported, and disposed of after the construction site is completed and the crane is dismantled.

[0003] This method of constructing crane foundations is both uneconomical and ecologically highly questionable, considering that the production of 1 m³ of concrete is associated with a CO² burden on the environment of approximately 1000 kg and that the foundation slab of a medium-sized crane typically consists of 20-40 m³ of reinforced concrete and can only be used once.

[0004] Furthermore, the foundation slab and foundation anchors damage sidewalks and road sections, which must be repaired after the destructive removal of the concrete foundation.

[0005] Another disadvantage of conventional concrete crane foundations is that they require heights of 75–150 cm to ensure the necessary strength and distribution of the crane loads. However, such high concrete foundations obstruct sidewalks, meaning pedestrian traffic must be diverted to the street or the opposite side of the road. Vehicular traffic is also affected by necessary lane narrowing or lane closures.

[0006] The object of the present invention is to overcome the described disadvantages of known concrete crane foundations. In particular, the object of the present invention is to eliminate the need for conventional concrete foundations, foundation anchors, and foundation crosses.

[0007] The invention solves the stated problem by providing a mobile foundation for tower cranes and quick-erecting cranes with the features of claim 1. Advantageous embodiments of the invention are set out in the subclaims, the description and the drawings.

[0008] The mobile foundation according to the invention for tower cranes and quick-erecting cranes is characterized by at least two metal floor elements which can be releasably connected to one another, in particular screwed to one another, wherein the floor elements have anchoring devices for a crane tower.

[0009] Thanks to the foundation's modular design, the floor elements are small and light enough to be transported to the construction site by truck and connected together there to provide the necessary support surface for a crane. The modular foundation components can be delivered to the construction site at the same time as the crane components, eliminating the need for additional transport.

[0010] The reusability of all parts of the foundation according to the invention reduces the costs enormously compared to conventional concrete foundations which can only be used once.

[0011] Preferably, the floor elements are connectable to one another at their side walls by having through-holes for screws in the side walls, wherein the positions of the through-holes in the side walls of the floor elements correspond to one another. This allows the floor elements to be arranged side by side, and the through-holes in the side walls of the floor elements to be aligned with one another. The floor elements are then connected to one another using screws and nuts.

[0012] In order to provide floor elements with low weight but high strength and rigidity, one embodiment of the invention provides for each floor element to comprise interconnected, particularly welded, beams. The desired high strength and rigidity is achieved in particular if at least some of the beams are designed as H-beams or T-beams.

[0013] The strength and rigidity of the floor elements can be further increased if the floor elements have cover plates and / or base plates connected to at least some of the supports. To keep the weight of the floor elements low, the cover plates and / or base plates can have recesses. These recesses also facilitate access to the side walls of the floor elements for connecting adjacent floor elements to one another at their mutually facing side walls. It is also expedient if the cover plates and / or base plates have anchoring devices for a crane tower.

[0014] In order to make the mobile foundation for tower cranes and self-erecting cranes according to the invention sufficiently stable against wind loads and crane payloads acting on a crane mounted on the foundation, despite its comparatively low weight, the invention provides that the mobile foundation has transportable ballast weights and at least one support surface for the transportable ballast weights. The ballast weights can be transported to the construction site by truck and placed on the support surface of the mobile foundation on site, thus ensuring easy assembly and dismantling of the mobile foundation.

[0015] In order to use sidewalks as a support surface for the mobile foundation for tower cranes and quick-erecting cranes on the one hand, and to keep these sidewalks open for pedestrian traffic on the other, a preferred embodiment of the invention provides a passageway element with uprights and / or side walls, wherein the clear height between the uprights or side walls is at least 2.1 m, preferably at least 2.3 m, wherein the passageway element is detachably connectable, in particular screwable, to the floor elements. In order to make the passageway element as rigid and strong as possible, it is provided that the passageway element has supports connecting the uprights to one another at their upper ends, wherein the supports form a support for transportable ballast weights.To protect pedestrians passing through the passageway from falling debris, dirt, or rainwater, it is advisable for the uprights to support a cover plate at their upper end, which serves as a support for portable ballast weights. The cover plate can be connected directly to the uprights or to the aforementioned supports. The cover plate can also contribute to the structural rigidity and strength of the passageway. As an alternative to the cover plate, ballast weights placed on the passageway can also provide protection for pedestrians.

[0016] To ensure the practical usability of the passageway element, the height of the floor elements should be as low as possible. Therefore, in one embodiment, the invention provides for floor elements of the foundation to have a maximum height of 70 cm, preferably a maximum of 50 cm, and even more preferably a maximum of 40 cm. Additionally, it is expedient for the foundation to have ramp elements that can be releasably connected to the floor elements in the area of the passageway element, the width of which ramp elements corresponds at least to the clear width of the passageway element. This measure allows the passageway element to be used without steps. As an alternative to ramp elements, stair elements can also be provided to bridge the height difference between the subsurface and the floor of the passageway element.

[0017] The floor elements and the passage element are preferably made of steel.

[0018] For rapid and safe assembly of a crane tower on the mobile foundation according to the invention for tower cranes and quick-erecting cranes, it is expedient if the anchoring devices for the crane tower comprise through holes or threaded holes in the floor elements and, if necessary, mechanical safeguards against unscrewing of nuts, or holding elements, in particular clamps, fastened to the floor elements.

[0019] The invention will now be explained in more detail using an exemplary embodiment with reference to the drawings. In the drawings: Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 schematic perspective views of the essential components of the mobile foundation for tower cranes and quick-erecting cranes according to the invention; Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 schematic perspective views of the mobile foundation for tower cranes and quick-erecting cranes according to the invention in the assembled state.

[0020] The Figures 1 to 4The illustrated embodiment of the mobile foundation according to the invention for tower cranes and quick-erecting cranes comprises two metal floor elements 2, 3, which can be releasably connected to one another, in particular screwed together. The floor elements have anchoring devices 4 for a crane tower 5. The anchoring devices 4 for the crane tower 5 are designed as through holes, optionally with mechanical locks to prevent nuts from being unscrewed, but can alternatively also comprise holding elements, in particular clamps, fastened to the floor elements 2, 3. The crane tower 5 is not a component of the present invention, but rather a component of a tower crane or quick-erecting crane, for which the mobile foundation 1 forms a temporary foundation.

[0021] The floor elements 2, 3 have side walls 2a, 3a at which they can be connected to one another. For this purpose, through-holes 6 are provided in the side walls 2a, 3a, wherein the positions of the through-holes 6 in the side walls 2a, 3a of the floor elements 2, 3 correspond to one another, so that when the side walls 2a, 3a of the floor elements 2, 3 are arranged side by side, the through-holes 6 can be aligned with one another in order to then detachably connect the side walls 2a, 3a with screws or bolts passed through the through-holes 6. The floor elements 2, 3 comprise interconnected, in particular welded, supports 7. At least some of the supports 7 can be designed as H-beams or T-beams. Furthermore, the floor elements 2, 3 have cover plates 8 and base plates 9, which are connected to at least some of the supports 7.Instead of forming H-beams or T-beams, the cover plates 8 and base plates 9 can be welded to vertically arranged plates or I-beams. To reduce weight, the cover plates 8 have recesses 8a. The anchoring devices 4 for the crane tower 5 are formed in the cover plates 8. This results in an even distribution of the forces introduced by the crane tower 5 into the foundation 1 across the subsoil.

[0022] Furthermore, the mobile foundation 1 for tower cranes and quick-erecting cranes comprises a passage element 10 with vertical uprights 11. As an alternative or in addition to the uprights 11, the passage element 10 can be designed with side walls (not shown in the drawings). The clear height between the uprights 11 or side walls is at least 2.1 m, preferably at least 2.3 m. The uprights 11 are connected to one another at their upper ends with beams 12, e.g., H-beams. To increase strength and stability, additional bracing (not shown in the drawing) can be provided. The beams 12 form a support for transportable, reusable ballast weights 13, which serve to weigh down the mobile foundation 1. In addition or alternatively, ballast weights 13 can also be placed on the floor elements 2, 3, in particular the cover plates 8.The stability of the crane on the foundation 1 is ensured by these reusable ballast elements 13.

[0023] The passage element 10 can be screwed to the floor element 2. To ensure that pedestrians can easily pass through the passage element 10, the floor elements 2, 3 are designed with a maximum height of 50 cm, preferably a maximum height of 40 cm. To make the passage element 10 usable for strollers, wheelchairs, etc., stepless access is provided by providing the foundation 1 with ramp elements (not shown in the drawings) arranged laterally in the area of the passage element 10. The width of the ramp elements should be at least as large as the clear width of the passage element 10.

[0024] Preferably, the floor elements 2, 3 and the components of the passage element 10 consist of steel parts of the required quality.

Claims

1. Mobile foundation (1) for tower cranes and fast construction cranes, which has at least two base elements (2, 3) made of metal which can be arranged side-by-side and can be releasably connected to one another, in particular can be screwed together, the base elements (2, 3) have anchoring devices (4) for a crane tower (5), characterised in that the base elements (2, 3) can be connected to one another at their side walls (2a, 3a) by the side walls (2a, 3a) having through-holes (6) for screws, wherein the positions of the through-holes (6) in the side walls (2a, 3a) of the base elements (2, 3) correspond to one another and can thus be brought into alignment with one another when the base elements (2, 3) are arranged side-by-side and can be connected directly to one another by means of screws passed through the aligned through-holes (6), wherein each base element (2, 3) has interconnected, in particular welded, beams (7) and cover plates (8) and / or base plates (9) which are connected to at least some of the beams (7).

2. Mobile foundation for tower cranes and fast construction cranes according to claim 1, characterised in that at least some of the beams (7) are designed as H-beams or T-beams.

3. Mobile foundation for tower cranes and fast construction cranes according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the cover plates (8) and / or base plates (9) extend essentially over the entire base element (2, 3).

4. Mobile foundation for tower cranes and fast construction cranes according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the cover plates (8) and / or base plates (9) have recesses (8a).

5. Mobile foundation for tower cranes and fast construction cranes according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the cover plates (8) and / or base plates (9) have the anchoring devices (4) for a crane tower (5).

6. Mobile foundation for tower cranes and fast construction cranes according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the mobile foundation (1) has transportable ballast weights (13) and at least one support surface for the transportable ballast weights (13).

7. Mobile foundation for tower cranes and fast construction cranes according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that a passageway element (10) is provided as a passageway for pedestrian traffic, which protects the pedestrians from falling parts, dirt or rainwater, and as a support for the transportable ballast weights (13) with uprights (11) and / or side walls, wherein the clear height between the uprights (11) or side walls has a height of at least 2.1 m, preferably of at least 2.3 m, wherein the passageway element (10) is detachably connectable to the floor elements (2, 3), in particular screwable to the floor elements (2, 3).

8. Mobile foundation for tower cranes and fast construction cranes according to claim 7, characterised in that the passageway element (10) has beams (12) connecting the uprights (11) to one another at their upper end and optionally additional struts, the beams (12) forming a support for transportable ballast weights (13).

9. Mobile foundation for tower cranes and fast construction cranes according to claim 7 or 8, characterised in that the uprights (11) carry a cover plate at their upper end, the cover plate forming a support for transportable ballast weights (13).

10. Mobile foundation for tower cranes and fast construction cranes according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that base elements (2, 3) have a maximum height of 70 cm, preferably a maximum height of 50 cm, even more preferably a maximum height of 40 cm.

11. Mobile foundation for tower cranes and fast construction cranes according to any one of claims 7 to 10, characterised in that the foundation (1) has ramp or stair elements which can be detachably connected to the floor elements (2, 3) in the region of the passageway element (10) and the width of which corresponds at least to the clear width of the passageway element (10).

12. Mobile foundation for tower cranes and fast construction cranes according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the base elements (2, 3) are made of steel.

13. Mobile foundation for tower cranes and fast construction cranes according to any one of claims 7 to 12, characterised in that the passageway element (10) is made of steel.

14. Mobile foundation for tower cranes and fast construction cranes according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the anchoring devices (4) for the crane tower (5) comprise through-holes or threaded holes in the base elements (2, 3) and, if appropriate, mechanical securing devices to prevent nuts from being unscrewed, or retaining elements, in particular clamps, fastened to the base elements (2, 3).

15. Mobile foundation for tower cranes and fast construction cranes according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the floor elements (2) form the foundation when laid side by side in a single layer.