Tuning device for a stringed instrument and stringed instrument

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to a tuning device for a stringed instrument and to a stringed instrument comprising a tuning device according to the preambles of the respective claims.

[0002] Various tuning devices are known from the prior art. These are used particularly in electric guitars. Colloquially, these are called tremolos, although this term is incorrect, as a so-called tremolo, i.e., a tuning device, is actually a vibrato. These devices allow the tension of the strings to be changed while playing the stringed instrument, thus creating a change in the pitch of the respective strings. In its original form, a vibrato is suspended, with the tension of the strings acting on it on the one hand, and one or more springs counteracting the string tension on the other. The system is typically set up so that the vibrato is suspended and all strings have a specific fundamental tuning. These vibratos are typically mounted on a knife-edge, which also forms the pivot point.The vibrato can be pivoted around this knife edge, thus increasing the string tension. An opposite movement, to decrease the string tension, is also possible.

[0003] The patent application DE 88 05 267 discloses a tuning device for a stringed instrument, comprising a limiting element and a string clamping device, wherein the limiting element and the string clamping device are pivotably mounted independently of each other.

[0004] This type of vibrato has several disadvantages. Tuning the stringed instrument typically requires multiple iterations. Changing the tension of a single string affects the entire vibrato and thus the tuning of the other strings. If a string breaks during playing, the instrument becomes essentially unplayable, as all strings lose their original tuning due to the system's unbalanced state.

[0005] The object of the invention is to overcome at least one of the disadvantages of the prior art. In particular, a tuning device for a stringed instrument is to be provided which makes it possible to tune the stringed instrument without great effort and preferably prevents or at least reduces the iterative tuning of the strings. Preferably, the tuning device should be insensitive to the failure of individual strings.

[0006] This problem is solved by the devices defined in the independent claims. Further advantageous embodiments are described in the dependent claims.

[0007] An inventive tuning device for a stringed instrument comprises a limiting element and a string clamping device. The limiting element and the string clamping device are pivotably mounted independently of each other, in particular pivotally mounted on a common axis of rotation.

[0008] This allows the independent movement of the limiting element on the one hand and the string clamping device on the other.

[0009] However, mounting them on a common axis of rotation also allows the string clamping device and the limiting element to move together, while preventing a relative displacement of the two elements towards each other during this movement.

[0010] The string clamping device is operatively connected to the limiting element at a stop point. In other words, the string clamping device can be lifted from the limiting element in a first pivoting direction, but independent pivoting or rotation in the opposite direction is prevented by the limiting element. In this direction, only a joint pivoting of the string clamping device and the limiting element is possible.

[0011] This allows for a fixed position of the string clamping device. By providing a fixed position, tuning the individual strings is simple, as changing the tension of one string has no effect on the other strings.

[0012] It is understood that the strings are arranged on the string clamping device and exert a certain preload on the device. The limiting element is arranged in such a way that it prevents movement of the string clamping device in the direction of the strings, thus acting against the preload of the strings.

[0013] Regarding the position and direction, a standard arrangement is assumed. In this arrangement, all strings are pre-tensioned and positioned on the same side of the axis of rotation. In this configuration, pushing the tuning lever decreases the pre-tension, while pulling or lifting it increases it. Pulling the lever increases the angle relative to the plane in which the strings are arranged, and pushing decreases the angle.

[0014] To lift the string clamp from the limiting device, it must be moved against the tension of the strings. The tension of the strings must therefore be overcome to separate the string clamp from the limiting element. This separation changes the length of the strings. Lengthening the strings results in greater tension, which raises the pitch. Shortening the strings results in less tension, which lowers the pitch.

[0015] To limit the pivoting movement of the limiting element, the detuning device may have a stop.

[0016] The stop is operatively connected to the limiting element and holds it in a neutral position in the first direction of the pivoting movement, preventing it from pivoting in that direction. However, movement in the opposite direction is possible. In other words, the limiting element can be lifted from the stop in the first pivoting direction, and movement in the opposite pivoting direction is prevented.

[0017] The limiting element can therefore be held in a neutral position in one direction.

[0018] The stop is arranged in such a way that it prevents movement of the limiting element in the direction opposite to the string tension, thus preventing an increase in the pretension of the strings.

[0019] Preferably, the limiting element is held in contact with the stop by a preload element, in particular a spring.

[0020] The tensioning element provides a force greater than the corresponding string tension. This securely holds the stop against the stop. However, if the force is increased in the direction of the string tension, for example, when the tuning lever is pressed, the force of the tensioning element can be exceeded, allowing the stop to lift off the stop. This reduces the string tension, resulting in a corresponding change in tone.

[0021] The preload element can be attached to the tuning mechanism or to the stringed instrument using an adjusting screw. The preload of the preload element can be adjusted via this screw.

[0022] The preload element can be attached to the limiting element by means of a mounting bolt. The mounting bolt is preferably adjustable transversely to the axis of rotation, so that a suspension point of the preload element on the limiting element can be adjusted relative to the axis of rotation. With the same spring tension, different torques can thus be applied to the limiting element depending on the setting of the mounting bolt.

[0023] A tensioning element for adjusting the preload or string tension can be arranged on the limiting element. This allows for simultaneous adjustment of the preload of all strings or, alternatively, adjustment of the preload element.

[0024] The clamping element can have a fixed element and a movable element. The movable element is spaced apart from the fixed element by an adjustable wedge. In this context, "fixed" means that the fixed element is arranged in an unchanging position relative to the boundary element, i.e., its position relative to the boundary element is fixed. The movable element can be moved relative to the fixed element.

[0025] The string tension is adjusted by the stop mechanism in conjunction with the movable element. Adjusting the screw changes the position of the limiting element and thus the string tension.

[0026] To adjust the preload element, the stop is in operative connection with the fixed element.

[0027] In both cases, the prestressing element is attached to the movable element.

[0028] The adjustable wedge allows for a specific position to be set between the movable element and the fixed element, making it possible to apply different preloads to the limiting element.

[0029] The string clamping device can have at least one clamping device for attaching a string, in particular at a distance that is variable from the axis of rotation.

[0030] Securing the string at a variable distance from the axis of rotation makes it possible to assign a specific change in the string's pretension to a particular pivot position of the string clamping device.

[0031] A specific pivoting of the string clamping device, for example by 5°, results near the pivot point in a slight shortening or lengthening of the string, and further away from the pivot point in a greater shortening or lengthening of the string.

[0032] A stringed instrument typically has multiple strings. A typical example of a stringed instrument is a guitar. Guitars typically have six strings, which have different elasticities. In other words, different forces are required to stretch or extend the strings by the same amount. Stretching the highest-pitched string by a certain amount X results in a specific change in the sound, for example, the pitch changes by a semitone. However, stretching the lowest-pitched string by the same amount X does not result in a change in pitch of a semitone for that string, but rather a different change, for example, by three to four semitones.

[0033] In order to change the pitch of the lowest-sounding string by a semitone as well, this string must therefore be stretched by a different amount.

[0034] Providing clamping devices that can be arranged at different distances from the axis of rotation allows each string to be individually tensioned for a specific rotational movement of the string clamping device. This makes it possible to adjust the pitch of all the strings of a stringed instrument by, for example, a semitone with a single movement of the tuning device.

[0035] This allows a played chord to be maintained by a specific amount when the tuning mechanism is activated. It is therefore possible to transpose a tuning in its original position to a different chord in a different position of the tuning mechanism, corresponding to a specific position of the mechanism. Similarly, with this design, a single string can be moved to the pivot point so that it is not affected when the tuning mechanism is activated. For example, a string that frequently breaks due to excessive stretching can be excluded from being tuned.

[0036] The strings can also be adjusted on the tuning device so that, for example, the pitch of a first string is changed by a semitone and at the same time the pitch of a second string is changed by a whole tone.

[0037] In other words, a wide variety of combinations and different moods can be created here.

[0038] It goes without saying that the clamping devices can be designed in such a way that the distance of the string to the axis of rotation can also be negative. In other words, the string can be positioned on either side of the axis of rotation.

[0039] For example, if all the clamping devices are arranged on one side of the axis of rotation, moving the string clamping device in one direction will result in the individual strings being stretched, and thus generally in the pitch of each string being raised. If, however, a clamping device is arranged on the other side of the axis of rotation, the corresponding string will not be stretched, but shortened. This string can therefore exhibit a change in pitch, which may also be a semitone, but the pitch of this string will be a semitone lower.

[0040] This opens up a wide range of additional settings and moods.

[0041] However, in such an arrangement, the pretension of this specific string acts against the pretension of the other strings.

[0042] The tuning device can include a pre-tensioning device, which is attached to the string clamping device with a, in particular adjustable, fastening bolt or with an adjustable console, in particular a ratchet disc.

[0043] This allows an element to be created that counteracts the preload of this specific string, so that the tuning device remains in stable equilibrium, meaning that the corresponding parts, such as the limiting element and the string clamping device, are reliably kept in contact with their corresponding counterparts, namely the stop and the stop point.

[0044] This preloading device can have multiple springs.

[0045] It can be provided that this pre-tensioning device is attached to the string clamping device by a mounting bolt. The mounting bolt is preferably adjustable so that a mounting point of the pre-tensioning device can be adjusted relative to the axis of rotation. With the same spring tension, different torques can thus be applied to the string clamping device depending on the setting of the mounting bolt. The mounting point is particularly adjustable so that it can be positioned on either side of the axis of rotation. In this way, the string pre-tension can be selectively increased or decreased. By positioning the mounting point on the axis of rotation, the effect of the pre-tensioning device can also be bypassed.

[0046] It is conceivable that the preload device has several springs that act on different sides of the axis of rotation. For this purpose, the mounting bolt can be designed to protrude on both sides of the axis of rotation, so that, for example, with two springs, each spring acts at one end of the mounting bolt. The adjustable mounting bolt allows the mounting points of the springs to be set together relative to the axis of rotation.

[0047] A corresponding arrangement can also be provided for the preload element, for example if it is provided by several springs or has an additional preload element.

[0048] In all versions, the fastening bolt is preferably arranged such that the respective fastening points are opposite each other with respect to the axis of rotation.

[0049] Instead of a fastening bolt, the springs can also be mounted on a bracket that is adjustable relative to the string clamping device. This bracket can be locked to the string clamping device, allowing it to move together. The springs' points of application are located on the circumference of the bracket. Depending on the bracket's position relative to the string clamping device, the forces acting on the device will vary. To increase the effect, the bracket can also be positioned eccentrically to the axis of rotation.

[0050] The console can be designed as a two-part ratchet disc. One half of the ratchet disc is rigidly connected to the string clamping device, while the other half can have corresponding mounting elements as spring attachment points. The two parts of the ratchet disc can be pressed together by a pre-tensioned spring, preventing them from rotating relative to each other until a certain force is applied. The part of the ratchet disc with the spring attachment points can be adjusted, for example, with a lever tool, thus changing the spring force exerted by the pre-tensioning device on the string clamping device.

[0051] A corresponding console can also be provided for the preload element and / or for additional springs that, for example, only act on the limiting element.

[0052] The preload element can therefore be attached to the limiting element with an adjustable bracket, the adjustable bracket being designed in particular as a ratchet disc.

[0053] Furthermore, the console can also be used with only one point of attack.

[0054] The clamping device can, for example, be designed as a series of openings which are located at different distances from the axis of rotation, particularly on both sides.

[0055] In other words, the string clamping device can be designed in the form of a perforated plate, with an individual arrangement of openings provided for each of the strings to be clamped, each forming a clamping device for securing the respective string.

[0056] This allows the strings to be clamped in designated positions, enabling a specific, predefined lengthening or shortening of the respective strings.

[0057] Alternatively, the string clamping device can have a slotted hole. This slot extends beyond the axis of rotation and on both sides of it. The clamping device has a saddle-shaped seat for receiving a string end, which is slidably arranged along the slotted hole.

[0058] This allows for continuous adjustment and movement of each string's suspension point relative to the axis of rotation. The pitch of each string can be very finely adjusted.

[0059] The saddle-shaped seat for receiving the string end can be designed such that a plug-in axle can be inserted into it, which can be pushed through an eyelet at the end of the string. Preferably, the plug-in axle and the saddle-shaped seat are designed as a snap-fit ​​connection.

[0060] This allows for easy and quick insertion and / or replacement of a string.

[0061] It may be provided that an adjusting screw is arranged on the clamping device or on the string clamping device with which the saddle-shaped seat can be moved along the elongated hole.

[0062] The clamping device, i.e., the saddle-shaped seat, can be precisely adjusted using a setscrew. Furthermore, it is secured against accidental adjustment.

[0063] It may be provided that the saddle-shaped seat is arranged in a corresponding groove of the string clamping device and can be guided slidably in this groove.

[0064] Precise guidance and adjustment are possible.

[0065] Additionally, it may be provided that the adjusting screw is mounted in or on a base which is adjustable in relation to the axis of rotation, in particular in the groove.

[0066] This allows for quick coarse adjustment of the clamping device.

[0067] Clamping elements, such as a screw, may be provided to fix the base.

[0068] Alternatively, it can be provided that the adjusting screw is fixedly mounted on the string clamping device and that the saddle-shaped seat is movable along the longitudinal axis with the thread of the adjusting screw.

[0069] The saddle-shaped seat can have several positions to accommodate a corresponding thru-axle.

[0070] Additionally or alternatively, it may be provided that the limiting element has at least one deflecting device for deflecting a string, in particular at a distance variable from the axis of rotation.

[0071] This allows for space-saving integration of the tuning mechanism, particularly within the existing body of a stringed instrument. Due to the variable distance of the deflection mechanism, as already described for the clamping mechanism, a specific rotational movement of the string clamping device allows each string to be individually tensioned. Thus, it is possible to adjust the pitch of all strings of a stringed instrument by, for example, a semitone with a single movement of the tuning mechanism.

[0072] For further advantages and technical details of the deflection device, please refer to the corresponding description in relation to the clamping device. These apply analogously.

[0073] The deflection device may have an elongated slot, which extends in particular over the axis of rotation and on both sides thereof. The deflection device includes a deflection roller which is slidably arranged along the elongated slot.

[0074] This allows for continuous adjustment and shifting of each string's deflection point relative to the axis of rotation. The pitch of each string can be very finely adjusted.

[0075] The deflection pulley can be mounted on an axle, which in turn is mounted on a slide. The slide is slidably mounted in the elongated hole, so that its distance relative to the axis of rotation is adjustable.

[0076] This training allows for safe, stable and precise guidance of the deflection pulley and thus precise adjustment of the deflection device.

[0077] It may be provided that the deflection pulley can be moved along the elongated hole by means of an adjusting screw. The adjusting screw is operatively connected to the carriage, so that the carriage can be moved via the adjusting screw.

[0078] Alternatively, it is also possible to omit the adjusting screw and simply clamp the slide in the elongated hole with a screw passing through the elongated hole. This clamping method is analogous to the clamping of the base of the clamping device, as described above.

[0079] In this case, it may be provided that the strings are arranged on the string clamping device without any adjustment option, since the adjustment can be made via the deflection device.

[0080] A saddle-shaped seat can also be used for fastening, as already described for the clamping device.

[0081] When equipped with a deflection mechanism, settings may be available where the strings exert only minimal tension. A pre-tensioning device for the tuning mechanism may be provided to assist and / or ensure the return of the string clamping device to its original position, particularly a neutral position.

[0082] The pre-tensioning device can be designed as a compression spring or coil spring, which is arranged between the limiting element or a body of the stringed instrument or a mounting frame of the tuning device and the string clamping device.

[0083] Alternatively, the preload device could be designed as a torsion spring.

[0084] An operating lever may be arranged on the tuning device for pivoting the limiting element and / or the string clamping device.

[0085] An operating lever allows the tuning mechanism to be actuated as desired. An operating lever also enables the tuning mechanism to be operated, for example, from outside a housing. Furthermore, a relatively high torque can be applied with relatively little force via an operating lever, provided the lever has the appropriate leverage ratio.

[0086] It may be provided that the operating lever is connected to the string clamping device via a pull rod.

[0087] By incorporating a pull rod, the operating lever can also be positioned remotely from the tuning mechanism. This is particularly advantageous when, for example, the tuning mechanism must be housed inside the stringed instrument, such as within the body of a stringed instrument. Depending on the design of the stringed instrument, it may be necessary to place the tuning mechanism relatively far from where the strings are plucked by manual action. To shorten the reach of the operating hand, it is particularly useful to position the operating lever relatively close to the natural position of the hand. Connecting the operating lever via a pull rod is especially advantageous in these arrangements.

[0088] Preferably, the actuating lever is arranged in a holding element and is particularly adjustable in its height relative to the holding element.

[0089] The operating lever can therefore be positioned in different locations relative to the holding element. This allows, for example, individual adjustment of the operating lever for each player of the stringed instrument.

[0090] Additionally or alternatively, such adjustability allows the actuating lever to be positioned relative to the retaining element in such a way that at least one of its components protrudes from the retaining element to varying degrees, depending on its position. Depending on the actuating lever's setting, this enables interaction with a corresponding counterpart, such as a stop.

[0091] The tuning device may have at least one stop that is operatively connected to, or can be connected to, the operating lever. This stop may, in particular depending on the set height of the operating lever, limit the movement of the operating lever.

[0092] It may be provided that the actuating lever is not in contact with the stop at a first set height, or cannot be brought into contact with the stop, so that the detuning device can be actuated in both directions.

[0093] At a second adjustable height, the stop can be designed to restrict the movement of the operating lever in a first direction, for example, when pushing. This makes it possible to achieve precisely the same detuning every time the operating lever is moved up to this stop.

[0094] At the second or a further adjustable height, it may also be possible to restrict the movement of the operating lever in its second direction, for example, when pulling. Accordingly, moving the operating lever to this stop will always achieve precisely the same detuning.

[0095] It may be provided that, at a further set height, the actuation of the operating lever is restricted in both its first and second directions.

[0096] It may be provided that the respective stop is adjustable by means of a setscrew, which makes it possible to vary the pitch change.

[0097] At a further adjustable height, the operating lever can be completely fixed and cannot be moved in either of the two possible directions. This fixed position can be identical to the neutral position of the tuning mechanism. However, it is also conceivable that this fixed position is identical to the stop at the second or further adjustable height, so that, with appropriate string adjustment, the strings are fixed in an unchanging tuning of the stringed instrument.

[0098] This allows, for example, the transposition of the instrument's fundamental pitch up or down.

[0099] It may be provided that, in order to fix the respective height of the actuating lever, it has circumferential grooves into which, for example, a ball pressure piece engages.

[0100] The tuning device can include a bridge for supporting the strings. This allows for a tuning device that integrates all elements from the point where the string rests at the end of its vibrating length into a single unit. This enables the provision of a system with precisely matched components.

[0101] The bridge can have one guide pulley per string, providing a support point for that string. The guide pulley is adjustable along the length of the string. An adjusting screw, acting against the string tension, can be provided to adjust the guide pulley.

[0102] This allows for the precise adjustment of the string's vibration length and thus the intonation.

[0103] The adjusting screw is arranged in such a way that it is subjected to pressure.

[0104] This allows additional space to be created in the area between the deflection pulley and the tuning device.

[0105] The adjusting screw preferably has a spherical head which is spherically mounted in the bridge.

[0106] This allows the screw to be rotated around its longitudinal axis, so that the pulley can be moved. On the other hand, this bearing ensures that the adjusting screw is fixed in all directions, thus providing a fixed holding point.

[0107] The pulley can be arranged in a holder into which the adjusting screw engages. This holder is preferably adjustable in height, i.e., in the generic sense, in its distance from, for example, the guitar body. For this purpose, two adjustable elements, in particular set screws, can be provided.

[0108] Alternatively, it would be conceivable to dispense with the adjusting screw and provide three or more, especially four, adjustable elements to hold the holder at the correct height. To fix the holder and thus the pulley, a detachable connection to the bridge can be provided, preferably a screw that engages the holder from below through the bridge.

[0109] Another aspect of the invention relates to a stringed instrument, in particular a guitar, comprising a tuning device as described herein.

[0110] All components of the stringed instrument can be coordinated and adjusted accordingly, so that the instrument has an individual and precise configuration.

[0111] It is also possible to equip the stringed instrument with so-called fine tuners. This would involve fixing the strings in the area of ​​the nut, i.e., at the transition to the headstock. The fixing takes place between the nut and the tuning pegs. A fine tuner, such as the one described in US 2014 / 0260890 A1, can be positioned between this fixing point and the nut.

[0112] Alternatively, the strings could be fixed directly to the nut, and fine-tuning elements could be provided on the string clamp. In particular, the string ends could be positioned on an adjustable element, such as a ferrule, which could be positioned in the direction of the string. This ferrule could be height-adjustable via a fine thread, allowing the string tension to be easily increased or decreased.

[0113] The tuning device may have deflection rollers, which are in particular designed as adjustable rollers.

[0114] By providing guide rollers, the strings can be individually inserted into the housing of a stringed instrument and / or guided within that housing.

[0115] It would also be conceivable to design the guide rollers as adjustable rollers. In this case, they are preferably arranged between a bridge on which the strings rest and the string clamping device. In this form, they constitute additional clamping elements with which the string tension can be adjusted. This arrangement also allows for so-called fine-tuning.

[0116] Additionally, a so-called "dropped-D" function could be provided using a similar element, such as an adjustable roller between the bridge and the string clamp, acting on a single string. This roller could be moved into and out of position by pressing a button or flipping a lever. A latching push-button switch would be suitable for this purpose. The active position could then be, for example, an adjustment by a specific pitch.

[0117] Both the Dropped-D function and the fine tuners are compatible with all implementation examples.

[0118] All rotatable elements, such as the pulleys, the string clamping device, or the limiting element, can be mounted using ball bearings. Ceramic ball bearings are particularly suitable because they have extremely low coefficients of friction and are maintenance-free.

[0119] The invention is explained below with reference to schematic drawings and figures. It shows: Figure 1: A stringed instrument; Figure 2A: A schematic representation of a tuning device in neutral position; Figure 2B: A schematic representation of the tuning device of the Figure 2A in the pulled position; Figure 2C: a schematic representation of the tuning mechanism of the Figure 2A in a depressed position; Figure 3: a perspective view of a tuning device in a body; Figure 4: a perspective view of the tuning device according to the Figure 3Figure 5: a sectional view through the arrangement from the Figure 3 Figure 6: an orthogonal sectional view through the tuning device according to the Figure 4 ; Figure 7: An orthogonal sectional view through the tuning device according to the Figure 4 ; Figure 8: A sectional view through the tuning device according to the Figure 4 ; Figure 9: A sectional view through the tuning device according to the Figure 4 ; Figure 10: A sectional view through the tuning device according to the Figure 4 ; Figure 11: a perspective view of a tuning device; Figure 12: the view according to the Figure 11 in a cutaway view; Figure 13: a cutaway view of the tuning mechanism from the Figure 11 Figure 14: a cutaway view of the tuning mechanism from the Figure 11 Figure 15: a cutaway view of the tuning mechanism from the Figure 11Figure 16: a detail view from the Figure 15 Figure 17: a side view of the Figure 15 Figure 18: a perspective view of a tuning device; Figure 19: the view according to the Figure 18 in a cutaway view; Figure 20: a cutaway view of the tuning device from the Figure 18 Figure 21: an orthogonal sectional view through the tuning device according to the Figure 18 Figure 22: a detailed view of a clamping device; Figure 23: the tuning device according to the Figure 18 in an alternative embodiment with fine tuners; Figure 24: a cutaway view of a detail of the tuning device according to the Figure 4 Figure 25: a detailed view of an alternative embodiment of the tuning device according to the Figure 20Figure 26: a sectional perspective view of a bridge; Figure 27: a detail view of a clamping device; Figure 28: a sectional perspective view of an alternative bridge.

[0120] The Figure 1Figure 1 shows a stringed instrument 5. The stringed instrument 5 comprises a body 6 and a neck 9 attached to it. The neck 9 includes a headstock (not specified) on which strings 10 are attached. The strings 10 extend along the neck 9 towards a tuning mechanism 1. The strings 10 cross pickups 7 and rest on a bridge 8 in front of the tuning mechanism 1. The tuning mechanism 1 is located essentially within the body 6. In this case, the stringed instrument 5 is designed as an electric guitar. A nut is located at the transition to the headstock, on which the strings 10 also rest. The strings 10 thus have a specific vibrating length between the nut and the bridge 8. The fundamental tuning of the strings 10, and thus of the stringed instrument 5, is set by tuning pegs on the headstock.To adjust the specific vibration length, the contact points of the strings 10 on the bridge 8 can be adjusted relative to the nut. Typically, these are suspended from tension-loaded screws.

[0121] The Figure 2A Figure 1 shows a schematic representation of a tuning device 1 in its neutral position. The tuning device comprises a limiting element 20 and a string clamping device 30. The limiting element 20 and the string clamping device 30 are mounted on a common pivot axis 40. The limiting element 20 rests on a stop 50. As can be seen from the Figure 2A As can be seen, the limiting element 20 can only move in the direction of arrow P1. In other words, it can only be pivoted in the direction of arrow P1.

[0122] To keep the limiting element 20 in the position shown and in contact with the stop 50, it is pulled towards the stop 50 by a pretensioning element 21. The pretensioning element 21 is illustrated here by the force vector F.

[0123] A clamping device 31 is arranged on the string clamping device 30, although this is not illustrated in detail in the present diagram. A first string 10 and a second string 10' are shown as examples. Both strings 10 and 10' rest on the bridge 8. By means of the clamping device 31, a first string end 11 of the first string 10 and a second string end 11' of the second string 10' are held at a specific distance from the axis of rotation 40 on the string clamping device 30. The distance of the first string end 11 to the pivot point 40 is greater than the distance of the second string end 11' to the pivot point 40.

[0124] The string clamping device 30 rests at one end on a stop point 25 of the limiting element 20. The string clamping device 30 can therefore only be moved in the direction P3 about the axis of rotation 40, since it rests against the limiting element 20 in the opposite direction and this prevents rotation in this direction unless the force F of the preload element 21 is overcome.

[0125] Strings 10 and 10', as well as any other strings not shown here, exert a preload force on the tuning device 1, which acts in the direction of arrow P2. The force F applied by the preload element 21 results in a torque about the axis of rotation 40, which is greater than a torque caused by the preload force of strings 10. Accordingly, the tuning device 1 remains in the position shown. Figure 2A as shown.

[0126] The Figure 2Bshows a schematic representation of the tuning device from the Figure 2A in the stretched position. The string clamping device 30 was pivoted in the direction of arrow P3. For this purpose, a force was applied to the string clamping device 30 and it was moved against the pretension force of the strings 10, i.e. pivoted about the axis of rotation 40.

[0127] Compared to Figure 2A It is evident that the distance between the bridge 8 and the string end 11 has increased. String 10 has thus been stretched, thereby increasing its tension.

[0128] The distance between the bridge 8 and the second string end 11' is also different compared to the illustration in the Figure 2A enlarged. The second string, 10', was thus also stretched, thereby increasing its tension.

[0129] Since the attachment point of the second string end 11' is closer to the axis of rotation 40, the stretching or lengthening of the second string 10' is shorter than the lengthening of the first string 10. With identical strings, the second string 10' would thus experience a different change in pitch than the first string 10. However, in this case, strings 10 and 10' have different properties, so that in the position shown here, both pitches have changed by a semitone. Depending on the distance of the respective string ends 11 and 11' from the axis of rotation 40, different combinations of (harmonic) string relationships can therefore be preset.

[0130] The Figure 2CFigure 1 shows a schematic representation of the tuning device 1 in the depressed position. The string clamping device 30 was moved in the direction of arrow P1. For this purpose, a force was applied to the string clamping device 30, and it was moved together with the limiting element 20 against the spring force F of the pretensioning element 21, i.e., pivoted about the axis of rotation 40.

[0131] Compared to Figure 2A It is evident that the distance between the bridge 8 and the string end 11 has decreased. String 10 has thus been shortened, and its tension reduced.

[0132] The distance between the bridge 8 and the second string end 11' is also different compared to the illustration in the Figure 2A shortened. The second string, 10', was therefore also shortened, thus reducing its tension.

[0133] Since the attachment point of the second string end 11' is closer to the axis of rotation 40, the shortening of the second string 10' is less than the shortening of the first string 10. With identical strings, the second string 10' would thus experience a different change in pitch than the first string 10. However, in this case, strings 10 and 10' have different properties, so that in the position shown here, both pitches have changed by a semitone. Depending on the distance of the respective string ends 11 and 11' from the axis of rotation 40, different combinations of (harmonic) string relationships can therefore be preset.

[0134] In principle, it would also be conceivable to arrange the string ends 11 and 11' on the string clamping device 30 in relation to the axis of rotation 40 such that the first string end 11 is located on one side and the second string end 11' on the other. In other words, pivoting the string clamping device 30 would shorten the length of one string 10 and lengthen the other string 10', or vice versa, thus changing the pitch accordingly. However, the corresponding extension of the string clamping device is not shown in this schematic representation.

[0135] The Figure 3Figure 1 shows a perspective view of a tuning device 1 in the body 6 of a guitar. The tuning device 1 is designed in such a way that it can be inserted, for example, into existing guitars with corresponding bodies 6 without requiring any modifications to the body 6, apart from, for example, the insertion of screws into the body 6 at locations that are covered by devices originally attached to the body 6. The tuning device 1 according to this embodiment allows for an upgrade of existing guitars.

[0136] As from the Figure 3 As can be seen, part of the tuning device 1 is arranged outside the body 6, so that the necessary paths for tuning the strings to a certain extent can be traversed.

[0137] The Figure 4 The detuning device 1 shows according to the Figure 3in a perspective view. The tuning device 1 has a limiting element 20 and a string clamping device 30, which are mounted about a common pivot axis 40. The pivot axis 40 is arranged on a mounting frame 3, which simultaneously provides a bridge 4 on which the strings 10, not shown here for the sake of simplicity, are mounted. The bridge 8 has a slidably mounted guide roller 4 for each string. The vibration length of each string can be individually adjusted by means of these guide rollers 4. Corresponding guide rollers are in the Figure 26 shown.

[0138] Several clamping devices 31 are arranged on the string clamping device 30, but only one of the clamping devices 31 is provided with a reference numeral.

[0139] A clamping element 28 is arranged on the limiting element 20 and is pivotably mounted on the limiting element 20 with the axis of rotation 281. Arrow F indicates a pre-tensioning element, not shown or specified here, which is connected to the clamping element 28. The force of this pre-tensioning element pulls the clamping element 28 in the direction of arrow F. The clamping element 28 rests against the limiting element 20 with a stop. The limiting element 20 is thus pivoted about the axis of rotation 40. This pivoting movement is limited by a stop, which is not shown here.

[0140] A corresponding stop 50 is in the Figure 5 shown. This stop 50 is provided in this case by the body 6 of the stringed instrument. It may be possible to attach a damping element to this stop so that the contacts between the elements are less harsh.

[0141] In the Figure 4An actuating lever 60 is also shown, which is operatively connected to the string clamping device 30. In the illustration according to the Figure 4 The actuating lever 60 is actuated and pulled. The string clamping device 30 is shown in the illustration according to the Figure 4 The string clamping device 30 is spaced apart from the limiting element 20 and pivoted relative to a preload force resulting from the tension of the strings. In its rest position, the string clamping device 30 rests on the limiting element 20 at the stop point 25. The stop point 25 is designed as a surface of the limiting element 20. A corresponding stop point 37 on the string clamping device 30 is also designed as a surface of the string clamping device 30.

[0142] The string clamping device 30 is mounted on the pivot axis 40 on both sides and encompasses the limiting device 20 on two sides with one leg each. The contact points of the string clamping device, which are designed as surfaces in this case, are arranged between the legs.

[0143] In contrast, in the Figure 5 A representation of the tuning device 1 is shown, in which the actuating lever 60 is pressed. An angle between the plane of the strings and the string clamping device 30 is shown here compared to the representation in the Figure 4 reduced in size. The limiting element 20 is pivoted together with the string clamping device 30 and moved against the force F of the pretensioning element.

[0144] The Figure 6 shows an orthogonal sectional view through the tuning device 1 according to the illustration in the Figure 5 . In the Figure 6The path of a string 10 is shown as an example. The string 10 is guided over the deflecting pulley 4 of the bridge 8 and passes under the deflecting pulley 92 of a deflecting device 90. The end of the string 10 is attached to the clamping device 31 of the string clamping device 30.

[0145] The deflection pulley 92 can be moved in the direction of the double arrow in the elongated hole 91 and thus its distance to the axis of rotation 40 can be adjusted.

[0146] The detuning device 1 is shown in the illustration according to the Figure 6 actuated, in particular pressed. By pressing the detuning device 1, the distance between the guide pulley 92 and the guide pulley 4 of the bridge 8 changes. This reduces the tension in the string 10 and a note played with this string 10 becomes lower.

[0147] The Figure 7 shows an orthogonal sectional view through the tuning device 1 according to the illustration in the Figure 4The course of string 10 corresponds approximately to that described in the Figure 6 , but with a greater distance between the deflection pulley 92 and the axis of rotation 40. The individual elements are referred to accordingly. Figure 6 referred.

[0148] The detuning device 1 is shown in the illustration according to the Figure 7 actuated, in particular pulled. By pulling the tuning device 1, the distance between the deflecting pulley 92 and the deflecting pulley 4 of the bridge 8 does not change, but the distance between the deflecting pulley 92 and the clamping device 31 does. This increases the tension in the string 10 and a note struck with this string 10 is amplified.

[0149] The Figure 8 shows a cross-sectional view through the tuning device 1 according to the Figure 5along, or through, the deflection devices 90. For the sake of simplicity, only one of the deflection devices 90 is provided with a reference numeral. The deflection device 90 has an elongated hole 91 in which a slide 94 is arranged. A deflection roller 92 is arranged on the slide 94.

[0150] The carriage 94, together with the deflection pulley 92, can be moved relative to the axis of rotation 40 by means of the adjusting screw 93.

[0151] The elongated hole 91 extends beyond the axis of rotation 40, i.e., onto two sides of the axis of rotation 40. The carriage 94 with the deflection roller 92 can thus be moved to both sides of the axis of rotation 40, resulting in correspondingly different changes in pitch when the detuning device 1 is actuated. In the Figure 8 It is evident that each of the six depicted deflection devices is positioned differently 90°.

[0152] The deflection device 90 could also be attached analogously to the mounting as in the Figure 22 shown how to attach it. In other words, the adjusting screw could be omitted and only one screw could be provided that passes through the limiting element 20 and thus fixes the deflection device.

[0153] The Figure 9 shows a sectional view through the tuning device 1 according to the illustration from the Figure 5 The section extends through the actuating lever 60. Several specific elements are now visible on the actuating lever 60. The actuating lever 60 is mounted in a retaining element 62 of the string clamping device 30. The retaining element 62 is designed as a bore.

[0154] The actuating lever 60 has several circumferential notches. A ball detent (not shown) arranged in a bore perpendicular to the retaining element 62 engages in these notches 64 and holds the actuating lever in a corresponding position. Three notches 64 are shown here, and the actuating lever 60 can accordingly be locked at three different heights. This is also evident in the Figure 9A stop 63 engages the actuating lever 60. Depending on the height setting of the actuating lever 60, it engages the stop 63 to a greater or lesser depth. The stop 63 is designed such that, at different engagement depths, it restricts the movement of the actuating lever 60. This makes it possible to move the actuating lever 62 into predefined positions that are always reproducible. In these positions, for example, the deflection pulley 92 of the deflection devices 90 can be set to predefined tuning deviations of the respective strings 10.

[0155] The Figure 10 shows a sectional view of the tuning device 1 according to the illustration of the Figure 9 , however, from a perspective opposite the Figure 9The image shows a distorted perspective view. The section extends through the adjusting screw of the deflection device 90. This illustration shows that dummy tensioning devices 80 are arranged on the frame 3 of the tuning device. The dummy tensioning devices 80 are designed to guide individual strings past the actual tuning device 1 so that they remain unaffected by any action taken on the tuning device 1. For this purpose, the respective deflection devices for the corresponding string are arranged in an end position so that they do not interfere with the respective string. In other words, strings 10 that are arranged in the dummy tensioning devices 80 are excluded from the tuning process.

[0156] The blind clamping devices 80 are designed in accordance with the clamping devices 31. Both the blind clamping devices 80 and the clamping devices 31 have a central opening with grooves on both sides, which are designed as snap connections for corresponding plug-in axles that can be pushed through openings in the eyelets of string ends. The grooves form a saddle-shaped receptacle. A corresponding description can also be found at Figure 22 .

[0157] In the Figure 10 The clamping element 28 is also visible. An adjusting screw 27 is arranged on the clamping element 28. By turning the adjusting screw 27 in or out, the preload can be increased or decreased. A more detailed illustration is provided in the Figure 24 visible.

[0158] The Figure 11Figure 1 shows a perspective view of an alternative embodiment of a tuning device 1. The tuning device 1 has a frame 70 in which a pivot axis 40 is arranged. A limiting element 20 and a string clamping device 30 are arranged on the pivot axis 40. The frame 70 also has recesses, not specified in detail, in which guide rollers 71 are arranged. For each string of the stringed instrument 5 (see Figure 5), a guide roller 71 is arranged. Figure 1 A guide roller 71 is provided. For clarity, however, only one of the guide rollers 71 is marked with its reference symbol. The guide rollers 71 allow the strings to be guided from the housing to the surface of the body 6 (see Figure 1 ) to extract. A corresponding representation is in the Figure 17 shown.

[0159] A clamping device 31 is also arranged on the string clamping device 30 for each string of the stringed instrument 5. For the sake of clarity, however, only one of the clamping devices 31 is provided with a reference numeral. An actuating lever 60 is also arranged on the string clamping device 30 with which the string clamping device 30 can be pivoted about the axis of rotation 40. A stop 50 is also arranged on the frame 70 to limit a pivoting movement of the limiting element 20.

[0160] The Figure 12 The view shows according to the Figure 11in a cutaway view. This view shows the limiting element 20. The limiting element 20 is arranged on the axis of rotation 40 and pivotally mounted on it. A stop 50 is arranged adjacent to the limiting element 20. In this illustration, the stop 50 is spaced apart from the limiting element 20 and shown only schematically. However, the stop 50 can be moved towards the limiting element 20, so that the limiting element 20 and the stop 50 are operatively connected. In this arrangement, the stop 50 limits the rotational movement of the limiting element 20 in one direction.

[0161] In contrast to a free-floating tuning device, this allows for simple tuning with fewer iterations. After tuning, the stop 50 can be moved away from the limiting element 20 again. The tuning device is then free-floating. To center the tuning device, the preload element 21 or the additional preload element 26 can be preloaded more or less accordingly until the tuning device is centered, or in the desired position, and balanced (see also Figure 19 ).

[0162] The string clamping device 30 is shown in the illustration according to the Figure 12The string clamping device 30 is held against the force of the strings by the limiting element 20 in the position shown here. In this rest position, the string clamping device 30 rests on the limiting element 20 at the stop point 25. The stop point 25 is designed as a surface of a projection of the limiting element 20. A corresponding stop point 37 on the string clamping device 30 is also designed as a surface of a projection of the string clamping device 30.

[0163] A fastening bolt 22 is also arranged on the limiting element 20. A preload element 21, which in this case is designed as a coil spring, extends from the fastening bolt 22 to a retaining plate 23. The retaining plate 23 is fastened to the frame 70 by an adjusting screw 24. The fastening bolt 22 is adjustable transversely to the axis of rotation 40, so that the suspension point of the preload element 21 is adjustable with respect to the axis of rotation 22. In the present embodiment, in addition to the preload element 21, a further spring is arranged as an additional preload element 26, which is also attached to the fastening bolt 22.

[0164] This arrangement allows for very precise adjustment of the preload force acting on the limiting element 22.

[0165] The adjusting screw 24 allows the adjustment of the total tension of the preload element 21 and, if present, the spring of the additional preload element 26. The torques resulting from this total tension can be precisely adjusted by adjusting the fastening bolt 22.

[0166] Returning to the schematic representation from the Figure 2A It is evident that the force F of the pretensioning element 21 and the pretensioning force of the strings 10 in the direction of arrow P2 are at least balanced. However, if, for example, one string according to the Figure 2AWhen the string clamping device 30 is attached below the axis of rotation 40, the force relationships change. The force that the string clamping device 30 presses against the limiting element 20 decreases. If the force acting on the string clamping device 30 below the axis of rotation, as shown in the present illustration, becomes greater than the force acting above the axis of rotation, the string clamping device automatically moves into the position shown in the Figure 2B As shown. To counteract this, the string clamping device 30 can be connected to the limiting element 20.

[0167] Alternatively, it would be possible to also provide, for example, a spring on the string clamping device 30, which is adjustable with respect to the axis of rotation 40. In the event of an imbalance of the torque about the axis of rotation 40, as described above, its attachment point on the string clamping device can be adjusted, for example, with respect to the axis of rotation 40, such that a substitute force is provided for the original pretension force of the strings.

[0168] The Figure 13 shows a cutaway view of the tuning device 5 from the Figure 11The section extends through the actuating lever 60. The actuating lever 60 is held in a retaining element 62, which in this case forms an integral part of the string clamping device 30. The actuating lever 60 has several circumferential notches. An unspecified ball detent engages in these notches 64 and holds the actuating lever in a corresponding position. Three notches 64 are shown here, and the actuating lever 60 can accordingly be locked at three different heights. This is also evident in the Figure 13 A stop 63 engages the actuating lever 60. Depending on the height setting of the actuating lever 60, it engages the stop 63 to a greater or lesser depth. The stop 63 is designed such that it restricts the movement of the actuating lever 60 at different engagement depths.

[0169] In the Figure 13Two force vectors of a pre-tensioning device 38 are also illustrated, each representing a spring arranged between the frame 70 and the retaining element 62. In the position shown here, the force vectors, or rather the springs, are arranged such that they act on the string clamping device 30 against the pre-tension force of the strings. This simplifies the actuation of the lever 60.

[0170] A console may be provided for adjusting these springs, as described in the... Figure 25 is described. The force vectors correspond to those in the Figure 25 springs designated 381 and 382.

[0171] As already explained, these springs could be replaced by a single spring that engages the string clamping device 60 and is oriented relative to the axis of rotation 40 (see [reference]). Figure 12 ) is adjustable.

[0172] The Figure 14shows a cutaway view of the tuning device 1 from the Figure 11 This illustration shows the clamping devices 31. A clamping device 31 is arranged on the string clamping device 30 for each string of the stringed instrument. The clamping devices 31 are each mounted in corresponding guide grooves 35. Each clamping device 31 is associated with a corresponding deflection roller 71, which enables the respective string to be guided.

[0173] The Figure 15 shows a cutaway view of the tuning device 1 from the Figure 11 , the section extending through the clamping device 31. This illustration shows that in the string clamping device 30, an elongated hole 33 is arranged for each string and thus for each clamping device 31. The elongated hole 33 extends on both sides of the axis of rotation 40 (see figure). Figure 17 ).

[0174] The Figure 16shows a detailed view from the Figure 15 A string 10 is attached to the clamping device 31 at its string end 11. The string extends through the elongated hole 33 towards the deflection pulley 71 (see figure). Figure 17 The clamping device 31 is designed as a substantially rectangular body, through which an adjusting screw 34 extends. The adjusting screw 34 makes it possible to clamp the clamping device 31 onto the string clamping device 30. The string clamping device 30 has several adjacent guide grooves 35 in which the respective clamping devices 31 are mounted and are slidable.

[0175] The Figure 17 shows a side view of the Figure 15The diagram shows the path of a string 10. This extends from the clamping device 31, to which a string end 11 is held, over the guide pulley 71 to the bridge 8 on the body 6 of the stringed instrument 5 (see also Figure 1 ) is arranged. This arrangement allows the tuning device 1 to be positioned inside the body 6.

[0176] It would be conceivable to make the guide pulleys 71 adjustable, thus enabling so-called fine-tuning. Fine-tuning is the adjustment of the string tension at a defined clamping length. Appropriate training is available in Figure 23 explained.

[0177] The Figure 18 shows an alternative embodiment of the tuning device 1 according to the Figure 11 In contrast to the execution according to the Figures 11 to 17 The detuning device 1, according to the Figure 18 no deflection pulleys 71. However, in the Figure 18The bridge 8 with the deflection pulleys 4 is illustrated. This bridge 8 can also be used with the detuning device 1 according to the Figures 11 to 17 can be used. Also in the detuning device according to the Figures 4 to 10 Is this applicable, in particular as an integral part of the mounting frame?

[0178] The detuning device 1 according to the Figure 18 It also differs in particular in the arrangement of the preload elements and / or additional springs.

[0179] The detuning device 1 according to the Figure 18 The device comprises a frame 70, a string clamping device 30, and a limiting element 20. The string clamping device 30 and the limiting element 20 are mounted on a common pivot axis 40. An actuating lever 60 is arranged on the string clamping device 30.

[0180] The Figure 19 The detuning device 1 shows according to the Figure 18in a partially cutaway view. In this view, the limiting element 20 is visible. The limiting element 20 engages with a stop 50, which is designed to be movable. This stop 50 can be moved away from the axis of rotation 40, so that the limiting element 20 can rotate freely about the axis of rotation 40. This configuration facilitates the easy tuning of the stringed instrument, as in the Figure 12 described. The detuning device can also be used in a free-floating configuration.

[0181] In the present illustration, however, the limiting element 20 is held by the stop 50, so that the limiting element can only pivot in one direction. A preload element 21, which in this case is designed as a spring, is arranged on the limiting element 20. This spring is attached to the limiting element 20 by an eyelet and to a pivotable mounting plate 23 on the frame 70. Different preloads of the preload element 21 can be set by means of the pivotable mounting plate 23.

[0182] A second spring is arranged on the limiting element 20 as an additional preload element 26, which is only optional.

[0183] This spring is also arranged on an unspecified mounting plate, which is also pivotable. The spring and the preload element 21 allow for precise adjustment of the detuning device 1, particularly in cases such as... Figure 12described. For the sake of simplicity, the technical background is described in the description of the Figure 12 referred.

[0184] The Figure 20 The detuning device 1 shows according to the Figure 19 , where the section in this representation is between the boundary element 20 (see also Figure 19 ) and the clamping device 30. The preloading device 38, which has two additional springs 381 and 382, ​​is visible here. This arrangement is comparable to that in Figure 13 The arrangement shown. The points of application of springs 381 and 382 can be adjusted relative to the axis of rotation. For this purpose, a sliding guide is provided in which, for example, hook screws for attaching the eyelets of springs 381 and 382 are arranged so as to be slidably and lockable.

[0185] These springs 381 and 382 are thus attached to the string clamping device 30 in an elongated hole, so that their point of contact with the string clamping device can be adjusted. Additionally, these springs 381 and 382 are attached to the frame 70 by fasteners not specified in detail, these fasteners being adjustable so that the spring force can be adjusted.

[0186] Springs 381 and 382 are arranged between the frame 70 and the tuning device 30. In the position shown, the springs are arranged such that they act on the string clamping device 30 against the pretension force of the strings. This simplifies the operation of the lever 60.

[0187] As already explained, these springs 381 and 382 could be replaced by a single spring that engages the string clamping device 30 and is oriented relative to the axis of rotation 40 (see figure). Figure 12 ) is adjustable.

[0188] As an alternative to the sliding guide, springs 381 and 382 could be mounted on a bracket adjustable relative to the string clamping device. This bracket can be locked to the string clamping device, allowing it to move together. The springs' points of application are located on the circumference of the bracket. Depending on the bracket's position relative to the string clamping device, the forces acting on the device will vary. To enhance the effect, the bracket can also be positioned eccentrically to the axis of rotation. A corresponding embodiment is described in the Figure 25 shown.

[0189] The Figure 21 shows an orthogonal sectional view of the tuning device 1 according to the Figure 18 The section extends through a clamping device 31. This representation is analogous to the representation according to the Figure 17comparable. The pivot axis 40 around which the string clamping device 30 can be pivoted is also visible here. A string 10 is guided over the bridge 8. The bridge 8 has a guide pulley 4. The string 10 extends from the guide pulley 4 directly to the clamping device 31. The end of the string 10 is attached to the clamping device 31. This attachment will be described below in relation to the Figure 22 explained in more detail.

[0190] From the Figure 21 It is evident that the clamping device 31 is spaced apart from the axis of rotation 40. A pivoting of the string clamping device 30 about the axis of rotation 40 therefore results in an increase or decrease in the distance between the deflection pulley 4 and the clamping device 31.

[0191] To adjust the distance between the axis of rotation 40 and the clamping device 31, the latter has an adjusting screw 34. The adjusting screw 34 is attached to a base 36, which in turn is attached to the string clamping device 30 by a clamping element 37, which in this case is designed as a screw.

[0192] The string clamping device 30 has a slot 33 which extends on both sides over the axis of rotation 40. The string 10 is guided through this slot 33.

[0193] The position of the clamping element 31 relative to the axis of rotation 40 can be finely adjusted using the adjusting screw 34. Coarse adjustment can be achieved by sliding the base 36 along the elongated hole 33.

[0194] The Figure 22 shows a perspective detail view of several clamping devices 31, wherein this representation shows a section view through one of the clamping devices 31.

[0195] The clamping device 31 is designed as an essentially L-shaped element. This profile has a recess or central opening in the middle with grooves on both sides that form a saddle-shaped receptacle, which is designed as a snap connection for corresponding plug-in axles 81 that can be pushed through openings in the eyelets of string ends 11. The L-shaped elements are slidably mounted in guide grooves 35.

[0196] The L-shaped elements are attached to a base 36 by adjusting screws 34. The base 36 is in turn attached to the string clamping device 30 by a clamping element 37, which in this case is designed as a screw. By loosening the clamping element 37, the entire assembly can be easily moved along the elongated slot 33. This allows for quick coarse adjustment. For fine adjustment, the L-shaped element can also be moved precisely along the elongated slot 33 using the adjusting screw 34.

[0197] The clamping device 31 and the associated elements according to the Figure 22 are also compatible with the embodiment of the tuning device 1 according to the Figures 11 to 17 compatible.

[0198] The Figure 23 shows an orthogonal sectional view of a tuning device 1 according to the Figure 18, wherein this detuning device has a fine tuner 75. The section extends through a roller 76 of the fine tuner 75. This representation is analogous to the representation according to the Figure 17 comparable.

[0199] A string 10 is guided over the bridge 8. The bridge 8 has a guide pulley 4. The string 10 extends from the guide pulley 4 to the roller 76 of the fine tuner and from there to the clamping device 31. The end of the string 10 is attached to the clamping device 31. By adjusting the knurled screw (not described in detail here), the tension of the string 10, i.e., the entry angle of the string relative to the exit angle of the string 10 with respect to the roller 76 of the fine tuner 75, can be adjusted.

[0200] The fine tuner 75 is designed such that the roller 76 moves in a sliding guide and is moved axially by turning the knurled screw along its thread. The head of the knurled screw can be connected to the bridge 8 in such a way that it rests against the bridge 8, and a nut at the end of the knurled screw limits its movement. Alternatively, the roller 76 can be fixed to the knurled screw, and adjustment can be achieved by turning the knurled screw in or out of a corresponding thread on the bridge 8. Different heights of the respective knurled screws indicate whether or not the strings are affected, thus allowing for fine-tuning.

[0201] The fine tuner 75 is an integral part of the bridge 8.

[0202] It could be provided that another roller is inserted between the roller 76 of the fine tuner 75 and the clamping device 31, so that an adjustment of the fine tuner has no effect on the function of the tuning device. The fixed point of the deflection roller 4 with respect to the tuning device would then be moved behind the fine tuner.

[0203] The arrangement and design of the fastening lever 60 of the tuning device 1 according to the Figures 18 to 22 corresponds to the one used for the tuning devices 1 according to the Figures 3 to 17 as described and is in particular compatible with the actuating levers 60 described therein.

[0204] The detuning devices 1 according to the Figures 11 to 22 can also be equipped with deflection devices 90, such as those used in the Figures 3 to 10 They have been described and can be combined.

[0205] The Figure 24 shows a cutaway view of a detail of the tuning device 1 according to the Figure 4The sectional view extends through the clamping element 28. The clamping element is constructed in two parts and comprises a fixed element 282 and a movable element 283. Wedge 284 is arranged between these and is in contact with an inclined surface of the movable element 283. This wedge 284 can be moved along the inclined surface by means of a thread on the adjusting screw 27. By moving the wedge 284, the angle between the fixed element 282 and the movable element 283 can be increased or decreased. The pre-tensioning element 21, not shown here, is attached to the movable element 283 (see, for example, [reference]). Figure 2A), which pulls the entire tensioning element 28 towards the stop 50. It can be seen that the distance between the stop 50 and the movable element 283 is increased or decreased by adjusting the wedge 284. Correspondingly, the tension in the pre-tensioning element 21 is increased or decreased when the fixed element, as shown here, is in contact with the stop 50. However, if the movable element 283 is in contact with the stop 50, the overall tension of all strings can be adjusted. The tensioning element 28 is, in this case, an integral part of the limiting element 20 (see, for example, Figure 284). Figure 5 ).

[0206] The Figure 25 shows a detailed view of an alternative embodiment of a detuning device according to the Figure 20 Shown is a console for easily adjusting spring tension. This may be an alternative embodiment of the preload device 38 according to the Figure 20The console can be designed as a two-part ratchet disc 55. One half 552 of the ratchet disc 55 is rigidly connected to the string clamping device 30, and the second half 551 of the ratchet disc 55 can have corresponding fastening elements 554 and 555 as points of application for the springs 381 and 382. The two parts 554 and 555 of the ratchet disc can be pressed together by a pre-tensioned spring 553, so that they can only rotate relative to each other above a certain force. The pre-tension of this spring 553 can be adjusted via the nut 556. The part 551 of the ratchet disc with the points of application 554 and 555 can be adjusted accordingly, for example with a lever tool, so that the spring force of the springs 381 and 382 on the string clamping device 1 changes.

[0207] It is understood that the device is in accordance with the Figure 25It is compatible with all designs and can be used in particular with all springs and / or preload elements. Two attachment points are not necessarily required; the console is designed according to the Figure 25 It can also act only on a spring or on a preload element.

[0208] The Figure 26Figure 1 shows a cross-sectional view through a bridge 8 of a tuning device. The bridge 1 has a guide pulley 4 for each string 10, adjustable along the string 10. An adjusting screw 85 is provided for adjusting the guide pulley 4. This adjusting screw 85 engages in a threaded bore 89 on a bracket 87 in which the guide pulley 4 is mounted. The bracket 87 has two set screws 88 for adjusting the height of the guide pulley 4 relative to the body of the stringed instrument. The adjusting screw 85 is essentially oriented towards the string 10 and is subjected to compression, thus acting against the string tension and experiencing a compressive load. To securely hold the adjusting screw 85, a spherical receptacle is provided in the bridge, and the adjusting screw 85 has a corresponding spherical head 86. The adjusting screw 85 is thus spherically mounted.For this purpose, the bridge (8) is designed in two parts in this area, with the spherical receptacle formed in each of the corresponding parts. This makes it possible to insert the spherical head into these two halves and then screw them together, so that the adjusting screw 85 is securely held.

[0209] This design of the bridge makes it possible to create additional space between the bridge 8 and the other elements of the tuning device, for example for the movement of the string clamping device and / or the limiting element.

[0210] It is understood that this bridge 8 can be combined with all embodiments of all disclosed tuning devices 1.

[0211] The Figure 27 shows a clamping device 31 as an alternative to the clamping device 31 from the Figure 22 .

[0212] To adjust the distance between the axis of rotation 40 and the clamping device 31, the latter has an adjusting screw 34. This adjusting screw 34 is arranged on two cams projecting from the string clamping device 30, so that the adjusting screw 34 is rotatable about its longitudinal axis but is fixed in its axial position.

[0213] The string clamping device 30 has a slot 33 which extends on both sides over the axis of rotation 40. The string 10 is guided through this slot 33.

[0214] The position of the clamping element 31 in relation to the axis of rotation 40 can be adjusted via the adjusting screw 34.

[0215] The clamping device 31 is essentially designed as a U-shaped profile, which has several recesses in its flanks that form saddle-shaped receptacles, which are designed as snap connections for corresponding plug-in axles 81 that can be pushed through openings of the eyelets of string ends 11.

[0216] An internal thread is arranged laterally on this U-shaped profile, which interacts with the adjusting screw 34. By turning the adjusting screw 34, the U-shaped profile, and thus an eyelet of a string held in the saddle-shaped receptacle by a stub axle 81, can be moved along the elongated hole 33, thereby adjusting the distance to the axis of rotation 40.

[0217] The Figure 28 shows a cutaway perspective view of an alternative bridge 8 of a tuning device, essentially analogous to the Figure 26, but in reverse. The bridge 1 has a guide pulley 4 for each string (not shown here), which can be adjusted along the string. To adjust the guide pulley 4, it is provided to be slidably mounted in a corresponding guide in the bridge 8. For this purpose, the guide pulley 4 is mounted in a holder 87. The holder 87 has four adjustable elements, which in this case are designed as set screws 88, to adjust the height of the guide pulley 4 relative to the body of the stringed instrument. A screw 85' is provided to fix the holder; this screw passes through the bridge 8 from below and engages in a corresponding threaded bore in the holder 87.

[0218] The clamping device 31 and the associated elements according to the Figure 22 are also compatible with the embodiment of the tuning device 1 according to the Figures 11 to 21 compatible.

[0219] In alternative embodiments, compression springs could be used instead of the tension springs shown in the figures. Both tension and compression springs can be designed as helical springs. Wave springs or disc springs can also be used for compression springs. Alternatively, torsion springs, coil springs, or spiral springs are also suitable, or even simple leaf springs, which, for example, are clamped on one side to the string clamping device or the limiting element and rest on a corresponding abutment.

Claims

1. A tuning device (1) for a string instrument (5), comprising a limiting element (20) and a string clamping device (30), wherein the limiting element (20) and the string clamping device (30) are pivotally mounted independently of one another, particularly on a common axis of rotation (40), and wherein that the tuning device (1) has a stop (50) for limiting the pivoting movement of the limiting element (20).

2. The tuning device (1) according to claim 1, wherein the limiting element (20) is held in contact with the stop (50) with a biasing element (21), in particular a spring.

3. The tuning device (1) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a tensioning element (28) for adjusting the biasing element (21) or a string tension is arranged on the limiting element (20).

4. The tuning device (1) according to claim 3, wherein the tensioning element (28) has a fixed element (282) and a movable element (283) which are spaced apart from one another by an adjustable wedge (284).

5. The tuning device (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the string clamping device (30) has at least one tensioning device (31) for fastening a string (10), particularly at a variable distance from the axis of rotation (40).

6. The tuning device (1) according to claim 5, wherein the string clamping device (30) has at least one elongated hole (33), this elongated hole (33) extending, in particular, over the axis of rotation (40) and on both sides thereof, and the clamping device (31) for receiving a string end (11) has a saddle-shaped seat that is arranged displaceably along the elongated hole (33).

7. The tuning device (1) according to claim 6, wherein an associated plug-in axle (81) can be inserted into the saddle-shaped seat, which forms a snap connection with the saddle-shaped seat.

8. The tuning device (1) according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the saddle-shaped seat is displaceable along the slotted hole (33) with an adjusting screw (34).

9. The tuning device (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the limiting element (20) has at least one deflection device (90) for deflecting a string (10), particularly at a variable distance from the axis of rotation (40).

10. The tuning device (1) according to claim 9, wherein the deflection device (90) has an elongated hole (91), the elongated hole (91) extending, in particular, over the axis of rotation (40) and on both sides thereof, and the deflection device (31) has a deflection roller (92) that is arranged displaceable along the elongated hole (91), wherein in particular the deflection pulley (92) is displaceable along the elongated hole (91) with an adjusting screw (93).

11. The tuning device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising a bridge (8) for supporting the strings (10).

12. The tuning device (1) according to claim 11, wherein the bridge (1) has one deflection pulley (4) per string (10) that can be adjusted along the string (10), the deflection pulley (4) being arranged on a holder (87).

13. The tuning device (1) according to claim 12, wherein an adjusting screw (85) acting against the string tension, is provided for adjusting the return pulley (4), wherein the adjusting screw (85) preferably has a spherical head (86), which is spherically mounted in the bridge (8).

14. The tuning device (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 133, wherein the tuning device has one deflection pulley (71) per string (10), which is designed, in particular, as an adjustable pulley (76) for adjusting the string tension.

15. A string instrument (5), particularly a guitar, comprising a tuning device according to any one of claims 1 to 14.