SWITCH CONTROL CIRCUIT AND BATTERY CONTROL CIRCUIT

Description

FIELD

[0001] The subject matter herein generally relates to battery switching, in particular, to a switch driving circuit and a battery controlling circuit.BACKGROUND

[0002] The battery used in electronic products is usually equipped with a battery management system (BMS). The BMS uses an NMOS (N-Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor) as a positive-terminal main switch, or uses a driving module with an isolated power supply. However, the switch-driving capability is restricted by the internal circuit of the switching chip, which is inconvenient to expand or can be high in cost.

[0003] Therefore there is a room for improvement.

[0004] US 5 508 874 A discloses a circuit to connect and disconnect a battery from a hard disc drive. The circuit comprises a charge pump / oscillator unit for supplying power to a driving port (gate) of a switch module (n-channel MOSFET). The preamble of claim 1 corresponds to the features which are disclosed in combinatin in this document.

[0005] US 2011 / 109376 A1 refers to battery and power management. An NMOSFET can be used as high side switch in a battery operating system and a charge pump can be used in order to fully turn on the NMOSFET even when the battery voltage is relatively low. Because the voltage of the battery may vary during operation, a driving voltage generated by the charge pump may be too high, which could result in breakdown of the NMOSFET when the battery voltage is relatively high. This is avoided by controlling the charge-pump to limit the driving voltage for the NMOSFET.

[0006] Maxim IC "High-Side, N-channel MOSFET Switch Driver", December 31, 2015, pages 1-9, XP055298339 shows a switch driver for an n-channel MOSFET. The MOSFET can be used to establish or interrupt a connection between a battery and a load.

[0007] JP 2015-171305 A proposes a power supply circuit capable of detecting an OFF failure of a switching element for reverse current flow protection.

[0008] The battery system known from US 7 595 608 B2 includes one more cells and a transistor. The transistor is fully enabled by driving its gate terminal at a potential that is substantially greater than a potential of the cells.

[0009] US 9 660 511 B2 teaches a gate driver circuit capable of quickly driving a semiconductor device. It comprises a positive power supply for forward bias of the semiconductor device, a negative power supply for backward bias of the semiconductor device and a capacitor for boosting the voltage provided by positive power supply.

[0010] US 9 912 329 B2 discloses a high-side driver of with an output MOS transistor being connected between an output terminal and a power supply a short-circuit MOS transistor is connected between gate and source of output MOS transistor. The high-side driver is configured to avoid turn-on of a parasitic bipolar transistor of the short-circuit MOS transistor to allow the output MOS transistor to be turned on if the voltage of the output terminal becomes higher than the power supply voltage.SUMMARY

[0011] What is needed, is a switch driving circuit and a battery controlling circuit. The circuit is highly expandable, the cost is low, and the drive voltage and drive capability can be flexibly adjusted.

[0012] This object is solved by a driving circuit according to claim 1 and a battery controlling circuit according to claim 14.

[0013] The switch driving circuit and the battery controlling circuit are highly expandable, the cost is low, and the drive voltage and drive capability can be flexibly adjusted.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Implementations of the present disclosure will now be described, by way of embodiments as below, with reference to the attached figures. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a battery controlling circuit. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a switch driving circuit of the battery controlling circuit of FIG. 1. FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram of first embodiment of the battery controlling circuit of FIG. 1. FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram of second embodiment of the battery controlling circuit of FIG. 1. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0015] It will be appreciated that for simplicity and clarity of illustration, where appropriate, reference numerals have been repeated among the different figures to indicate corresponding or analogous elements. Additionally, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments described herein. However, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that the embodiments described herein can be practiced without these specific details. In other instances, methods, procedures, and components have not been described in detail so as not to obscure the related relevant feature being described. The drawings are not necessarily to scale and the proportions of certain parts may be exaggerated to better illustrate details and features. The description is not to be considered as limiting the scope of the embodiments described herein.

[0016] Several definitions that apply throughout this disclosure will now be presented.

[0017] The term "coupled" is defined as connected, whether directly or indirectly through intervening components, and is not necessarily limited to physical connections. The connection can be such that the objects are permanently connected or releasably connected. The term "comprising" means "including, but not necessarily limited to"; it specifically indicates open-ended inclusion or membership in a so-described combination, group, series, and the like.

[0018] FIG. 1 illustrates a battery controlling circuit 100. Said battery controlling circuit 100 is considered to be an embodiment of the present invention as long as it comprises a switch driving circuit according to a configuration corresponding to an embodiment of the present invention in the terms mentioned herein further below. an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0019] The battery controlling circuit 100 is electrically coupled between a battery positive electrode 200 and an external port 300 to form a circuit loop. The battery controlling circuit 100 controls the circuit loop to be turned on or turned off.

[0020] The battery controlling circuit 100 includes a switch driving circuit 10, an electronic switch module 20, and a microcontroller 30.

[0021] The electronic switch module 20 can be electrically coupled between the battery positive electrode 200 and an external port 300. The switch driving circuit 10 is electrically coupled between the electronic switch module 20 and the microcontroller 30.

[0022] The microcontroller 30 outputs a signal to the switch driving circuit 10, and the switch driving circuit 10 turns the electronic switch module 20 on or off.

[0023] FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a switch driving circuit 10.

[0024] The switch driving circuit 10 of the invention must include i.a. a voltage supply circuit 11, a switch driving port 12, a voltage generating circuit 13, and a port conduction circuit 14.

[0025] The voltage supply circuit 11 is electrically coupled to and supplies a voltage to the voltage generating circuit 13.

[0026] The voltage generating circuit 13 is electrically coupled to the switch driving port 12 through the port conduction circuit 14. The voltage generating circuit 13 is configured to boost the voltage according to an output signal of the microcontroller 30, and output a driving voltage. The driving voltage is configured to turn the electronic switch module 20 connected to the switch driving port 12 on or off.

[0027] The port conduction circuit 14 is configured to control the switch driving port 12 to make the connection between the voltage generating circuit 13 and the electronic switch module 20 according to a first control signal outputted by the microcontroller 30.

[0028] In at least one embodiment, the switch driving circuit 10 further includes a port shutdown circuit 15, and the port shutdown circuit 15 is electrically coupled to the switch driving port 12. The port shutdown circuit 15 is configured to control the switch driving port 12 to break the connection between the voltage generating circuit 13 and the electronic switch module 20 according to a second control signal outputted by the microcontroller 30.

[0029] In at least one embodiment, the switch driving circuit 10 further includes a voltage feedback circuit 16, and the voltage feedback circuit 16 is electrically coupled to the voltage generating circuit 13 through the port conduction circuit 14. The voltage feedback circuit 16 detects the driving voltage, and feeds the driving voltage back to the microcontroller 30.

[0030] In at least one embodiment, the switch driving circuit 10 further includes a switch feedback circuit 17, and the switch feedback circuit 17 is electrically coupled to the electronic switch module 20. The switch feedback circuit 17 is configured to detect state of the electronic switch module 20 and feed the detected state back to the microcontroller 30 in real time.

[0031] In an embodiment, the switch driving circuit 10 further includes a power supply circuit 18, and the power supply circuit 18 is electrically coupled to the voltage generating circuit 13. The power supply circuit 18 is configured to supply power to the voltage generating circuit 13.

[0032] FIG. 3 illustrates a circuit diagram of the switch driving circuit 100 in accordance with a first embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0033] To be considered part of the present invention, the voltage supply circuit 11 (or the voltage supply circuit 11 as part of the battery controlling circuit 100) must include a first electronic switch Q1, a second electronic switch Q2, a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2, a third resistor R3, and a fourth resistor R4.

[0034] In the invention, a first terminal of the first electronic switch Q1 must be electrically coupled to a first control pin A of the microcontroller 30 through the first resistor R1, a second terminal of the first electronic switch Q1 must be grounded, and a third terminal of the first electronic switch Q1 must be electrically coupled to a first terminal of the second electronic switch Q2 through the second resistor R2. The first terminal of the second electronic switch Q2 must be electrically coupled to a second terminal of the second electronic switch Q2 through the third resistor R3, a second terminal of the second electronic switch Q2 must be electrically coupled to the battery positive electrode 200, and a third terminal of the second electronic switch Q2 must be electrically coupled to the voltage generating circuit 13 through the fourth resistor R4.

[0035] In one embodiment, the first electronic switch Q1 may be NPN type triode, and the second electronic switch Q2 may be P-type field effect transistor (P-FET). The first terminal of the first electronic switch Q1 may be a base of the NPN type triode, the second terminal of the first electronic switch Q1 may be an emitter of the NPN type triode, and the third terminal of the first electronic switch Q1 may be a collector of the NPN type triode. The first terminal of the second electronic switch Q2 may be a gate of the P-FET, the second terminal of the second electronic switch Q2 may be a source of the P-FET, and the third terminal of the second electronic switch Q2 may be a drain of the P-FET.

[0036] In at least one embodiment, the voltage generating circuit 13 includes a third electronic switch Q3, a fourth electronic switch Q4, a first diode D1, a second diode D2, a third diode D3, a fourth diode D4, a first capacitor C1, a fifth resistor R5, a sixth resistor R6, and a seventh resistor R7.

[0037] A first terminal of the third electronic switch Q3 is electrically coupled to a second control pin B of the microcontroller 30 through the fifth resistor R5, a second terminal of the third electronic switch Q3 is grounded, and a third terminal of the third electronic switch Q3 is electrically coupled to the power supply circuit 18.

[0038] A first terminal of the fourth electronic switch Q4 is electrically coupled to the second control pin B of the microcontroller 30 through the sixth resistor R6, a second terminal of the fourth electronic switch Q4 is grounded, and a third terminal of the fourth electronic switch Q4 is electrically coupled to a cathode of the first diode D1 through the resistor R7.

[0039] An anode of the first diode D1 is electrically coupled to a cathode of the diode D2, an anode of the second diode D2 is electrically coupled to the power supply circuit 18, and the cathode of the second diode D2 is electrically coupled to an anode of the third diode D3 through the first capacitor C1.

[0040] A cathode of the third diode D3 is electrically coupled to the port conduction circuit 14, the anode of the third diode D3 is electrically coupled to a cathode of the fourth diode D4, and an anode of the fourth diode D4 is electrically coupled to the third terminal of the second electronic switch Q2 through the fourth resistor R4.

[0041] In one embodiment, the third electronic switch Q3 and the fourth electronic switch Q4 may be NPN type triode. The first terminal of the third electronic switch Q3 and the fourth electronic switch Q4 may be a base of the NPN type triode, the second terminal of the third electronic switch Q3 and the fourth electronic switch Q4 may be an emitter of the NPN type triode, and the third terminal of the third electronic switch Q3 and the fourth electronic switch Q4 may be a collector of the NPN type triode.

[0042] In at least one embodiment, the voltage generating circuit 13 further includes a second capacitor C2 and a first zener diode ZD1.

[0043] A first terminal of the second capacitor C2 is electrically coupled to the cathode of the third diode D3, and a second terminal of the second capacitor C2 is electrically coupled to the anode of the fourth diode D4. A cathode of the first zener diode ZD1 is electrically coupled to the first terminal of the second capacitor C2, and an anode of the first zener diode ZD1 is electrically coupled to the second terminal of the second capacitor C2.

[0044] In at least one embodiment, the port conduction circuit 14 includes a fifth electronic switch Q5, a sixth electronic switch Q6, an eighth resistor R8, a ninth resistor R9, and a tenth resistor R10.

[0045] A first terminal of the fifth electronic switch Q5 is electrically coupled to a third control pin C of the microcontroller 30 through the eighth resistor R8, a second terminal of the fifth electronic switch Q5 is grounded, and a third terminal of the fifth electronic switch Q5 is electrically coupled to a first terminal of the sixth electronic switch Q6 through the ninth resistor R9. The first terminal of the sixth electronic switch Q6 is electrically coupled to a second terminal of the sixth electronic switch Q6 through the tenth resistor R10, a second terminal of the sixth electronic switch Q6 is electrically coupled to the cathode of the third diode D3, and a third terminal of the sixth electronic switch Q6 is electrically coupled to the switch driving port 12.

[0046] In one embodiment, the fifth electronic switch Q5 may be NPN type triode, and the sixth electronic switch Q6 may be PNP type triode. The first terminal of the fifth electronic switch Q5 may be a base of the NPN type triode, the second terminal of the fifth electronic switch Q5 may be an emitter of the NPN type triode, and the third terminal of the fifth electronic switch Q5 may be a collector of the NPN type triode. The first terminal of the sixth electronic switch Q6 may be a base of the PNP type triode, the second terminal of the sixth electronic switch Q6 may be an emitter of the PNP type triode, and the third terminal of the sixth electronic switch Q6 may be a collector of the PNP type triode.

[0047] In at least one embodiment, the port shutdown circuit 15 includes a seventh electronic switch Q7, an eighth electronic switch Q8, an eleventh resistor R11, a twelfth resistor R12, and a thirteenth resistor R13.

[0048] A first terminal of the seventh electronic switch Q7 is electrically coupled to a fourth control pin D of the microcontroller 30 through the eleventh resistor R11, a second terminal of the seventh electronic switch Q7 is grounded, and a third terminal of the seventh electronic switch Q7 is electrically coupled to a first terminal of the electronic switch Q8 through the twelfth resistor R12. The first terminal of the eighth electronic switch Q8 is electrically coupled to a second terminal of the eighth electronic switch Q8 through the thirteenth resistor R13, the second terminal of the eighth electronic switch Q8 is electrically coupled to the third terminal of the sixth electronic switch Q6, and a third terminal of the eighth electronic switch Q8 is electrically coupled to the anode of the fourth diode D4.

[0049] In one embodiment, the seventh electronic switch Q7 may be NPN type triode, and the eighth electronic switch Q8 may be PNP type triode. The first terminal of the seventh electronic switch Q7 may be a base of the NPN type triode, the second terminal of the seventh electronic switch Q7 may be an emitter of the NPN type triode, and the third terminal of the seventh electronic switch Q7 may be a collector of the NPN type triode. The first terminal of the eighth electronic switch Q8 may be a base of the PNP type triode, the second terminal of the eighth electronic switch Q8 may be an emitter of the PNP type triode, and the third terminal of the eighth electronic switch Q8 may be a collector of the PNP type triode.

[0050] In at least one embodiment, the voltage feedback circuit 16 includes a fourteenth resistor R14, a fifteenth resistor R15, a sixteenth resistor R16, and a third capacitor C3.

[0051] A first terminal of the fourteenth resistor R14 is electrically coupled to a fifth control pin E of the microcontroller 30, the first terminal of the fourteenth resistor R14 is grounded through the third capacitor C3, a second terminal of the fourteenth resistor R14 is grounded through the fifteenth resistor R15, and the second terminal of the fourteenth resistor R14 is electrically coupled to the third terminal of the sixth electronic switch Q6 through the sixteenth resistor R16.

[0052] In at least one embodiment, the switch feedback circuit 17 includes a seventeenth resistor R17, an eighteenth resistor R18, a nineteenth resistor R19, and a fourth capacitor C4.

[0053] A first terminal of the seventeenth resistor R17 is electrically coupled to a sixth control pin F of the microcontroller 30, the first terminal of the seventeenth resistor R17 is grounded through the fourth capacitor C4, and a second terminal of the seventeenth resistor R17 is electrically coupled to a node P1 between the electronic switch module 20 and the external port 300 through the nineteenth resistor R19. The second terminal of the seventeenth resistor R17 is grounded through the eighteenth resistor R18. In one embodiment, the sixth control pin F of the microcontroller 30 may be an ADC input port.

[0054] In at least one embodiment, the power supply circuit 18 includes a ninth electronic switch Q9, a tenth electronic switch Q10, a twenty resistor R20, a twenty-first resistor R21, a twenty-second resistor R22, and a twenty-third resistor R23.

[0055] A first terminal of the ninth electronic switch Q9 is electrically coupled to seventh control pin G of the microcontroller 30 through the twenty resistor R20, a second terminal of the ninth electronic switch Q9 is grounded, and the first terminal of the ninth electronic switch Q9 is electrically coupled to the second terminal of the ninth electronic switch Q9 through the twenty-first resistor R21. A third terminal of the ninth electronic switch Q9 is electrically coupled to a second terminal of the tenth electronic switch Q10 through the twenty-second resistor R22 and the twenty-third resistor R23, and the second terminal of the tenth electronic switch Q10 is electrically coupled to the battery positive electrode 200. A first terminal of the tenth electronic switch Q10 is electrically coupled to a node between the twenty-second resistor R22 and the twenty-third resistor R23, and a third terminal of the tenth electronic switch Q10 is electrically coupled to the anode of the second diode D2.

[0056] In one embodiment, the ninth electronic switch Q9 may be NPN type triode, and the tenth electronic switch Q10 may be PNP type triode. The first terminal of the ninth electronic switch Q9 may be a base of the NPN type triode, the second terminal of the ninth electronic switch Q9 may be an emitter of the NPN type triode, and the third terminal of the ninth electronic switch Q9 may be a collector of the NPN type triode. The first terminal of the tenth electronic switch Q10 may be a base of the PNP type triode, the second terminal of the tenth electronic switch Q10 may be an emitter of the PNP type triode, and the third terminal of the tenth electronic switch Q10 may be a collector of the PNP type triode.

[0057] In at least one embodiment, the electronic switch module 20 includes an eleventh electronic switch Q11, a twelfth electronic switch Q12, a twenty-fourth resistor R24, and a second zener diode ZD2.

[0058] A first terminal of the eleventh electronic switch Q11 is electrically coupled to the switch driving port 12, a second terminal of the eleventh electronic switch Q11 is electrically coupled to the battery positive electrode 200, and a third terminal of the eleventh electronic switch Q11 is electrically coupled to the first terminal of the eleventh electronic switch Q11 through the twenty-fourth resistor R24.

[0059] A first terminal of the twelfth electronic switch Q12 is electrically coupled to the switch driving port 12, a second terminal of the twelfth electronic switch Q12 is electrically coupled to the external port 300, and a third terminal of the twelfth electronic switch Q12 is electrically coupled to the third terminal of the electronic switch Q11. The third terminal of the twelfth electronic switch Q12 is electrically coupled to the first terminal of the twelfth electronic switch Q12 through the second zener diode ZD2.

[0060] In the embodiment, both the eleventh electronic switch Q11 and the twelfth electronic switch Q12 may be N-type field effect transistor (N-FET). The first terminal of the eleventh electronic switch Q11 and the twelfth electronic switch Q12 may be a gate of the N-FET, the second terminal of the electronic switch Q11 and the twelfth electronic switch Q12 may be a drain of the N-FET, and the third terminal of the eleventh electronic switch Q11 and the twelfth electronic switch Q12 may be a source of the N-FET.

[0061] FIG. 4 illustrates a circuit diagram of the battery controlling circuit 100 in accordance with a second embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0062] The battery control circuit 100 of the present embodiment differs from the battery control circuit 100 of the first embodiment in that:

[0063] In the embodiment, the voltage feedback circuit 16 includes a fourteenth resistor R14, a fifteenth resistor R15, a sixteenth resistor R16, and a third capacitor C3.

[0064] A first terminal of the fourteenth resistor R14 is electrically coupled to the fifth control pin E of the microcontroller 30, the first terminal of the fourteenth resistor R14 is grounded through the capacitor C3, a second terminal of the fourteenth resistor R14 is grounded through the fifteenth resistor R15, and the second terminal of the resistor R14 is electrically coupled to the cathode of the zener diode ZD1 through the sixteenth resistor R16. In at least one embodiment, the fifth control pin E of the microcontroller 30 may be an ADC input port.

[0065] In use, the first control pin A of the microcontroller 30 outputs signal at high-voltage level to turn on the first electronic switch Q1, the potential of the second terminal of the second electronic switch Q2 is pulled down, and the second electronic switch Q2 is thereby turned on. Thereby, the battery positive electrode 200 outputs a supply voltage to the anode of the fourth diode D4.

[0066] In addition, the seventh control pin G of the microcontroller 30 outputs signal at high-voltage level to turn on the ninth electronic switch Q9, the potential of the first terminal of the tenth electronic switch Q10 is pulled down, and the tenth electronic switch Q10 is thereby turned on. Therefore, the battery positive electrode 200 outputs a ripple voltage to the anode of the second diode D2.

[0067] The second control pin B of the microcontroller 30 outputs a pulse width modulation (PWM) signal to turn on the third electronic switch Q3 and the fourth electronic switch Q4. The high frequency switch of the third electronic switch Q3 and the fourth electronic switch Q4 constitutes the first diode D1, the second diode D2, the third diode D3, the fourth diode D4, and the first capacitor C1 as a voltage rectification structure, to generate a higher voltage than the battery positive electrode 200. The higher voltage is stored by the second capacitor C2 under regulation by the first zener diode ZD1.

[0068] Furthermore, the third control pin C of the microcontroller 30 outputs signal at high-voltage level to turn on the fifth electronic switch Q5, the potential of the first terminal of the sixth electronic switch Q6 is pulled down, and the sixth electronic switch Q6 is thereby turned on. Meanwhile, the driving voltage stored at the two ends of the second capacitor C2 is output to the first terminal of the eleventh electronic switch Q11 and the twelfth electronic switch Q12 through the switch driving port switch driving port 12, and the eleventh electronic switch Q11 and the twelfth electronic switch Q12 are thereby turned on.

[0069] The voltage feedback circuit 16 detects the driving voltage outputted by the voltage generating circuit 13 and transmits the detected driving voltage to the microcontroller 30. The microcontroller 30 determines whether the driving voltage is greater than or equal to a first predetermined voltage (such as 12 volts). If the driving voltage is less than the first predetermined voltage, the first control pin B of the microcontroller 30 adjusts the duty cycle of the pulse width modulated signal until the driving voltage is greater than or equal to the first predetermined voltage.

[0070] The switch feedback circuit 17 detects the conductive state of the eleventh electronic switch Q11 and the twelfth electronic switch Q12, the microcontroller 30 acquires the detected voltage of the node P1 through the switch feedback circuit 17, and determines whether the detected voltage is equal to the voltage outputted by the battery positive electrode 200. If the detected voltage is equal to the voltage outputted by the battery positive electrode 200, the switch driving circuit 10 drives the electronic switch module 20, otherwise shutdown is performed.

[0071] When the electronic switch module 20 is not required to be driven, the third control pin C of the microcontroller 30 stops outputting the signal at high-voltage level to the fifth electronic switch Q5, and the fourth control pin D of the microcontroller 30 outputs the signal at high-voltage level to turn on the seventh electronic switch Q7, the potential of the first terminal of the eighth electronic switch Q8 is pulled down, and the eighth electronic switch Q8 is thereby turned on.

[0072] The switch driving port 12 being in a closed state, the second control pin B of the microcontroller 30 stops outputting the PWM signal to the third electronic switch Q3 and the fourth electronic switch Q4. The seventh control pin G of the microcontroller 30 stops outputting the signal at high-voltage level to the ninth electronic switch Q9, and the first control pin A of the microcontroller 30 stops outputting the signal at high-voltage level to the first electronic switch Q1.

[0073] In addition, the microcontroller 30 determines whether the voltage of the node P1 is equal to a second predetermined voltage (such as zero volts). If the voltage of the node P1 is equal to the second predetermined voltage, the electronic switch module 20 is turned off and ceases driving, otherwise the processing is turned off.

[0074] The switch driving circuit 10 can supply a voltage to the voltage generating circuit 13 through the voltage supply circuit 11, and generate the driving voltage through the voltage generating circuit 13 to switch the electronic switch module 20 connected to the switch driving port 12 on or off. Therefore, the switch driving circuit 10 and the battery controlling circuit 100 are highly expandable, the cost is low, and the drive voltage and drive capability can be flexibly adjusted.

[0075] Even though numerous characteristics and advantages of the present technology have been set forth in the foregoing description, together with details of the structure and function of the present disclosure, the disclosure is illustrative only, and changes may be made in the detail, especially in matters of shape, size, and arrangement of the parts within the principles of the present disclosure, up to and including the full extent established by the broad general meaning of the terms used in the claims. It will therefore be appreciated that the embodiments described above may be modified within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A switch driving circuit (10), comprising: a switch driving port (12) coupling an electronic switch module (20); a voltage supply circuit (11) for outputting a supply voltage; a voltage generating circuit (13) coupling the voltage supply circuit (11) and the switch driving port (12), and boosting the supply voltage to a driving voltage according to an output signal of a microcontroller (30); wherein the driving voltage is configured to turn the electronic switch module (20) on or off; and a port conduction circuit (14) coupling the switch driving port (12), and controlling the switch driving port (12) to conduct a connection between the voltage generating circuit (13) and the electronic switch module (20) according to a first control signal of the microcontroller (30); characterized in that the voltage supply circuit (11) comprises a first electronic switch (Q1), a second electronic switch (Q2), a first resistor (R1), a second resistor (R2), a third resistor (R3), and a fourth resistor (R4); wherein a first terminal of the first electronic switch (Q1) is electrically coupled to a first control pin (A) of the microcontroller (30) through the first resistor (R1), a second terminal of the first electronic switch (Q1) is grounded, and a third terminal of the first electronic switch (Q1) is electrically coupled to a first terminal of the second electronic switch (Q2) through the second resistor (R2); and wherein the first terminal of the second electronic switch (Q2) is electrically coupled to a second terminal of the second electronic switch (Q2) through the third resistor (R3), a second terminal of the second electronic switch (Q2) is electrically coupled to a battery positive electrode (200), and a third terminal of the second electronic switch (Q2) is electrically coupled to the voltage generating circuit (13) through the fourth resistor (R4).

2. The switch driving circuit of claim 1, wherein the switch driving circuit (10) further comprises a port shutdown circuit (15), the port shutdown circuit (15) is electrically coupled between the switch driving port (12) and the microcontroller (30), and the port shutdown circuit (15) controls the switch driving port (12) to disconnect the connection between the voltage generating circuit (13) and the electronic switch module (20) according to a second control signal of the microcontroller (30).

3. The switch driving circuit of claim 1 or 2, wherein the switch driving circuit (10) further comprises a voltage feedback circuit (16), the voltage feedback circuit (16) is electrically coupled to the voltage generating circuit (13) through the port conduction circuit (14), and the voltage feedback circuit (16) detects the driving voltage and feeds back the driving voltage to the microcontroller (30).

4. The switch driving circuit of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the switch driving circuit (10) further comprises a switch feedback circuit (17), the switch feedback circuit (17) is electrically coupled to the electronic switch module (20), and the switch feedback circuit (17) detects state of the electronic switch module (20) and feeds back to the microcontroller (30).

5. The switch driving circuit of any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the switch driving circuit (10) further comprises a power supply circuit (18), the power supply circuit (18) is electrically coupled to the voltage generating circuit (13), and the power supply circuit (18) supplies power to the voltage generating circuit (13).

6. The switch driving circuit of claim 5, wherein the voltage generating circuit (13) comprises a third electronic switch (Q3), a fourth electronic switch (Q4), a first diode (D1), a second diode (D2), a third diode (D3), a fourth diode (D4), a first capacitor (C1), a fifth resistor (R5), a sixth resistor (R6), and a seventh resistor (R7); wherein a first terminal of the third electronic switch (Q3) is electrically coupled to a second control pin (B) of the microcontroller (30) through the fifth resistor (R5), a second terminal of the third electronic switch (Q3) is grounded, and a third terminal of the third electronic switch (Q3) is electrically coupled to the power supply circuit (18); wherein a first terminal of the fourth electronic switch (Q4) is electrically coupled to the second control pin (B) of the microcontroller (30) through the sixth resistor (R6), a second terminal of the fourth electronic switch (Q4) is grounded, and a third terminal of the fourth electronic switch (Q4) is electrically coupled to a cathode of the first diode (D1) through the seventh resistor (R7); wherein an anode of the first diode (D1) is electrically coupled to a cathode of the second diode (D2), an anode of the second diode (D2) is electrically coupled to the power supply circuit (18), and the cathode of the second diode (D2) is electrically coupled to an anode of the third diode (D3) through the first capacitor (C1); and wherein a cathode of the third diode (D3) is electrically coupled to the port conduction circuit (14), the anode of the third diode (D3) is electrically coupled to a cathode of the fourth diode (D4), and an anode of the fourth diode (D4) is electrically coupled to the third terminal of the second electronic switch (Q2) through the fourth resistor (R4).

7. The switch driving circuit of claim 6, wherein the voltage generating circuit (10) further comprises a second capacitor (C2) and a first zener diode (ZD1); wherein a first terminal of the second capacitor (C2) is electrically coupled to the cathode of the third diode (D3), and a second terminal of the second capacitor (C2) is electrically coupled to the anode of the fourth diode (D4); and wherein a cathode of the first zener diode (ZD1) is electrically coupled to the first terminal of the second capacitor (C2), and an anode of the first zener diode (ZD1) is electrically coupled to the second terminal of the second capacitor (C2).

8. The switch driving circuit of claim 7, wherein the port conduction circuit (14) comprises a fifth electronic switch (Q5), a sixth electronic switch (Q6), an eighth resistor (R8), a ninth resistor (R9), and a tenth resistor (R10); wherein a first terminal of the fifth electronic switch (Q5) is electrically coupled to a third control pin (C) of the microcontroller (30) through the eighth resistor (R8), a second terminal of the fifth electronic switch (Q5) is grounded, and a third terminal of the fifth electronic switch (Q5) is electrically coupled to a first terminal of the sixth electronic switch (Q6) through the ninth resistor (R9); and wherein the first terminal of the sixth electronic switch (Q6) is electrically coupled to a second terminal of the sixth electronic switch (Q6) through the tenth resistor (R10), a second terminal of the sixth electronic switch (Q6) is electrically coupled to the cathode of the third diode (D3), a third terminal of the sixth electronic switch (Q6) is electrically coupled to the switch driving port (12).

9. The switch driving circuit of claim 8, wherein the port shutdown circuit (15) comprises a seventh electronic switch (Q7), an eighth electronic switch (Q8), an eleventh resistor (R11), a twelfth resistor (R12), and a thirteenth resistor (R13); wherein a first terminal of the seventh electronic switch (Q7) is electrically coupled to a fourth control pin (D) of the microcontroller (30) through the eleventh resistor (R11), a second terminal of the seventh electronic switch (Q7) is grounded, and a third terminal of the seventh electronic switch (Q7) is electrically coupled to a first terminal of the eighth electronic switch (Q8) through the twelfth resistor (R12); and wherein the first terminal of the eighth electronic switch (Q8) is electrically coupled to a second terminal of the eighth electronic switch (Q8) through the thirteenth resistor (R13), the second terminal of the eighth electronic switch (Q8) is electrically coupled to the third terminal of the sixth electronic switch (Q6), and a third terminal of the eighth electronic switch (Q8) is electrically coupled to the anode of the fourth diode (D4).

10. The switch driving circuit of claim 3 and claim 9, wherein the voltage feedback circuit (16) comprises a fourteenth resistor (R14), a fifteenth resistor (R15), a sixteenth resistor (R16), and a third capacitor (C3); wherein a first terminal of the fourteenth resistor (R14) is electrically coupled to the fifth control pin (E) of the microcontroller (30), the first terminal of the fourteenth resistor (R14) is grounded through the third capacitor (C3), a second terminal of the fourteenth resistor (R14) is grounded through the fifteenth resistor (R15), and the second terminal of the fourteenth resistor (R14) is electrically coupled to the cathode of the first zener diode (ZD1) through the sixteenth resistor (R16).

11. The switch driving circuit of claim 3 and claim 9, wherein the voltage feedback circuit (16) comprises a fourteenth resistor (R14), a fifteenth resistor (R15), a sixteenth resistor (R16), and a third capacitor (C3); wherein a first terminal of the fourteenth resistor (R14) is electrically coupled to the fifth control pin (E) of the microcontroller (30), the first terminal of the fourteenth resistor (R14) is grounded through the third capacitor (C3), a second terminal of the fourteenth resistor (R14) is grounded through the fifteenth resistor (R15), and the second terminal of the fourteenth resistor (R14) is electrically coupled to the third terminal of the sixth electronic switch (Q6) through the sixteenth resistor (R16).

12. The switch driving circuit of claim 4 and claim 10, wherein the switch feedback circuit (17) comprises a seventeenth resistor (R17), an eighteenth resistor (R18), a nineteenth resistor (R19), and a fourth capacitor (C4); wherein a first terminal of the seventeenth resistor (R17) is electrically coupled to a sixth control pin (F) of the microcontroller (30), the first terminal of the seventeenth resistor (R17) is grounded through the fourth capacitor (C4), a second terminal of the seventeenth resistor (R17) is electrically coupled to a node between the electronic switch module (20) and an external port through the nineteenth resistor (R19), and the second terminal of the seventeenth resistor (R17) is grounded through the eighteenth resistor (R18).

13. The switch driving circuit of claim 5 or 6 and claim 12, wherein the power supply circuit (10) comprises a ninth electronic switch (Q9), a tenth electronic switch (Q10), a twentieth resistor (R20), a twenty-first resistor (R21), a twenty-second resistor (R22), and a twenty-third resistor (R23); wherein a first terminal of the ninth electronic switch (Q9) is electrically coupled to a seventh control pin (G) of the microcontroller through the twentieth resistor (R20), a second terminal of the ninth electronic switch (Q9) is grounded, the first terminal of the ninth electronic switch (Q9) is electrically coupled to the second terminal of the ninth electronic switch (Q9) through the twenty-first resistor (R21), a third terminal of the ninth electronic switch (Q9) is electrically coupled to a second terminal of the tenth electronic switch (Q10) through the twenty-second resistor (R22) and the twenty-third resistor (R23); and wherein a first terminal of the tenth electronic switch (Q10) is electrically coupled to a node between the twenty-second resistor (R22) and the twenty-third resistor (R23), the second terminal of the tenth electronic switch (Q10) is electrically coupled to the battery positive electrode (200), a third terminal of the tenth electronic switch (Q10) is electrically coupled to the anode of the second diode (D2).

14. A battery controlling circuit (100), comprising: a microcontroller (30); an electronic switch module (20) coupling between a battery positive electrode (200) and an external port (300) to form a circuit loop, and controlling the circuit loop to be turned on or off; and a switch driving circuit (10) according to any of the preceding claims.