Assembly comprising a basin and allowing water storage

Abstract

The invention relates to an assembly (1) comprising a basin (2) disposed at least partially within a cavity in the ground (5) and a backfill zone (3) located at least between a wall (21) of the basin and a wall (41) of the cavity. The backfill zone comprises an embankment (30) providing mechanical support for the wall of the basin and / or the wall of the cavity, and a waterproof membrane (31) surrounding the embankment so as to define a water retention zone (32). At least a first portion of the water retention zone collects rainwater overflowing from the basin. The assembly includes at least one fluid outlet (36) and a control device configured to control the extraction of rainwater contained in the water retention zone through the fluid outlet.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of construction, more precisely the field of construction of basins, for example swimming pool basins. It is of particular interest in the sector of bioclimatic construction. STATE OF THE ART

[0002] The construction of a home today is accompanied by numerous technical, regulatory and budgetary constraints, especially when it involves the construction of a pond or swimming pool.

[0003] In particular, when building a swimming pool or a planted pond, it is necessary to ensure the proper mechanical support of the structure. Some types of pools, such as so-called "hard" pools, whose perimeter is made of concrete or sheet metal, for example, do not necessarily require additional mechanical support. However, the material providing the mechanical support of the whole, typically concrete, is expensive, has a very poor carbon footprint, and is not environmentally sustainable. Shell pools, which are less expensive, often require the construction of a mechanical support area around the pool.

[0004] Furthermore, the construction of water retention basins has become a regulatory requirement in certain municipalities during the construction of a habitat to limit or even eliminate the impact of artificialization of soils during heavy rains. Retention basins allow at least to create a delay in the flow of water and thus not to saturate the public networks, thus avoiding the well-known flooding phenomena, particularly during the Cévennes episodes. The construction of buried and invisible masonry retention basins so as not to disfigure real estate projects requires the implementation of expensive construction techniques (adapted earthworks, construction of masonry elements, supply of necessary aggregates, etc.) representing approximately €150 to €200 per m2 of artificialized soil depending on the region (for example, a budget of €25,000 for artificialization of 150m2 on the ground in Aix en Provence).

[0005] It is therefore understandable that the construction of a home and an accompanying swimming pool involves very heavy and very costly work in order to meet the needs of mechanical maintenance of the swimming pool and water retention.

[0006] An objective of the present invention is therefore to propose a solution making it possible to reduce the disadvantage of existing solutions, in particular their cost. SUMMARY

[0007] To achieve this objective, according to one embodiment, an assembly is provided comprising a basin arranged at least partially in a cavity of a piece of land and a backfill zone, the backfill zone being located at least between a wall of the basin and a wall of the cavity, the backfill zone comprising: An embankment configured to provide mechanical support for at least one of the basin wall and the cavity wall, A waterproof membrane at least partially surrounding the embankment so as to define a water retention zone within the embankment zone, the assembly being configured so that at least a first part of the water retention zone collects rainwater flowing onto the ground and / or overflowing from the basin, At least one fluid outlet, A control device configured to selectively control an extraction of rainwater contained in the water retention zone via the fluid outlet.

[0008] The presence of the embankment supports the basin and / or the land adjoining the embankment area, thus addressing the problem of mechanically maintaining the basin in its environment. Furthermore, thanks to the waterproof membrane, the embankment area plays a role in water retention and therefore addresses the problem of desaturation of public networks.

[0009] The water stored in the embankment area can be withdrawn and used for various consumption purposes (watering, washing vehicles, flushing toilets, washing floors, washing clothes, etc.), possibly after decantation, filtration or even sterilization. The consumption of water from the public network of a home can thus be divided by 2 to 4, depending on the size of the retention area, the regions and the uses.

[0010] The stored water can also be discharged into a public rainwater drainage network, or directly into the surrounding land. Thanks to the invention, this discharge can be carried out at a controlled flow rate, preventing any saturation of the network.

[0011] Whatever the use made of the water stored in the retention area, the control device makes it possible to control the time at which this water is evacuated and advantageously the flow rate at which it is evacuated.

[0012] Furthermore, the water stored in the retention zone greatly improves the mechanical support of the basin and / or the ground. In fact, its weight is added to that of the embankment, thus allowing the embankment zone to apply a reaction force on the walls of the basin and / or the ground greater than this same force if the retention zone did not contain water.

[0013] The invention thus proposes a solution guaranteeing both the possibility of water storage and excellent mechanical maintenance of the basin and the surrounding land. It also allows significant savings, both during the construction and operation of a basin. The present description also relates to an assembly, independent of the assembly described above, comprising a basin arranged at least partially in a cavity of a land and a backfill zone, the backfill zone being located at least between a wall of the basin and a wall of the cavity, the backfill zone comprising: An embankment configured to provide mechanical support for at least one of the basin wall and the cavity wall, A waterproof membrane at least partially surrounding the embankment so as to define a water retention zone within the embankment zone, the assembly being configured so that at least a first part of the water retention zone collects rainwater flowing onto the ground and / or overflowing from the basin and / or conveyed from the basin, At least one drain configured to circulate a heat transfer fluid therein, a part of the drain being located in the embankment zone and being configured to allow heat transfer between the embankment zone and the heat transfer fluid, At least one fluid outlet configured to extract the heat transfer fluid present in the embankment zone.

[0014] The set also includes: A thermal insulation layer located between said basin wall and the backfill and configured to form a thermal barrier for heat exchanges between water contained in the basin and the backfill, A fluid circuit comprising: ∘ an inlet for a heat transfer fluid present in the backfill area, ∘ a device connected to said inlet and configured to transfer to an external medium one of the heat transfer fluid and heat from the heat transfer fluid.

[0015] This assembly can be produced independently of the assembly allowing water storage, and in particular without the assembly comprising at least one fluid outlet, a control device configured to selectively control an extraction of rainwater contained in the water retention zone by the fluid outlet, and water distribution equipment in communication with the fluid outlet, and without the assembly being configured so that the water distribution equipment can be supplied by the rainwater extracted by the fluid outlet, the water distribution equipment being taken from among a tap, household appliance, automatic garden watering.

[0016] The presence of the embankment supports the basin and / or the land adjoining the embankment area, thus addressing the problem of mechanically maintaining the basin in its environment. Furthermore, thanks to the waterproof membrane, the embankment area plays a water retention role and therefore addresses the problem of desaturation of public networks. The water stored in the embankment area can potentially be taken and used for various consumption items (watering, washing vehicles, flushing toilets, washing floors, washing clothes, etc.). The consumption of water from the public network of a home can thus be divided by 2 to 4, depending on the dimensions of the retention area, the regions and the uses.

[0017] Finally, the rainwater stored in the retention zone and the air in the embankment zone, above this water, can both be used for heat exchange with an external environment. The embankment is in fact cooled in summer and heated in winter by the land adjoining the embankment zone. The embankment then transmits its heat or coolness, depending on the season, to the water and air with which it is in contact. The embankment zone thus has a very effective thermal storage function, particularly when the material constituting the embankment has a high thermal inertia. The energy consumption of a home can be divided by 2 to 6, depending on the region in particular. The thermal insulation layer associated with the embankment zone reduces heat transfer between the water contained in the basin and the embankment.In fact, the thermal inertia of the water in the basin is much less than that of the ground and therefore of the embankment in the embankment area.

[0018] The invention thus offers a solution that addresses the three issues raised in the introduction and greatly improves the environmental impact of a habitat. It also allows for significant savings, both during the construction and operation of a pond.

[0019] In more detail, the invention makes it possible to simultaneously meet the following three needs: ground maintenance, water storage and thermal storage. This solution makes it possible to meet these three needs at a total cost significantly lower than the sum of the costs of the solutions currently used to meet each of these needs.

[0020] Another object of the invention relates to a habitat comprising the assembly described above and a heat exchange system, for example a radiator or a fan coil. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

[0021] The aims, objects, as well as the characteristics and advantages of the invention will emerge more clearly from the detailed description of an embodiment thereof which is illustrated by the following accompanying drawings in which: There figure 1 represents the assembly according to the invention and shows in particular the basin, the backfill zone and the land in which the assembly is located. The Figures 2A to 2C represent different embodiments of thermal extraction from the backfill area to an external environment. The 2D figure illustrates one embodiment of the extraction of water stored in the retention area. The figure 3 illustrates a simplified top view of the assembly according to the invention.

[0022] The drawings are given as examples and are not limiting of the invention. They constitute schematic representations of principle intended to facilitate the understanding of the invention and are not necessarily to the scale of practical applications. In particular, the dimensions are not representative of reality. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] Before beginning a detailed review of embodiments of the invention, optional characteristics which may possibly be used in association or alternatively are set out below: The optional characteristics below may in particular be implemented in combination with the assembly allowing water storage, independently of the assembly allowing thermal extraction.

[0024] According to one embodiment, the assembly is configured so that the rainwater collected by at least the first part of the water retention zone comes from the basin, in part or only, by overflowing from the basin.

[0025] According to one embodiment, the assembly is configured so that the rainwater collected by at least the first part of the water retention zone comes from the basin, in part or only, by overflowing and being conveyed from the basin.

[0026] According to one embodiment, the assembly is configured so that the rainwater collected by at least the first part of the water retention zone comes from the basin by overflowing from the basin and / or by being conveyed from the basin. According to an advantageous embodiment, the assembly further comprises a settling tank, and the fluid outlet communicates with said settling tank.

[0027] According to an advantageous embodiment, the assembly further comprises water distribution equipment in communication with the fluid outlet. The assembly is configured such that the water distribution equipment can be supplied by rainwater extracted through the fluid outlet.

[0028] According to one embodiment, the water distribution equipment is taken from a faucet, household appliances, automatic garden watering.

[0029] In one example, the assembly further includes a pump for extracting water from the retention area through the fluid outlet and delivering it to the water distribution equipment. In an advantageous embodiment, the assembly further includes a fluid drain configured to deliver rainwater from the retention area to the fluid outlet.

[0030] Advantageously, the fluid drain is placed at the bottom of the retention zone.

[0031] According to an advantageous embodiment, the assembly further comprises a device for controlling the discharge of water contained in the basin towards the water retention zone.

[0032] Preferably, the water discharge control device is configured to control the discharge of water contained in the basin to the water retention zone according to at least one of the following parameters: a water level in the basin, a water level in the water retention zone, the season, data relating to the weather for the coming days, rainfall forecasts, activation by a user of a command to fill the water retention zone, a set temperature of the water in the basin.

[0033] The optional features below can in particular be implemented in combination with the assembly allowing thermal extraction, independently of the assembly allowing water storage.

[0034] According to one embodiment, the portion of the drain located in the backfill area is configured to circulate the heat transfer fluid in a sealed manner relative to the backfill area.

[0035] According to one example, the part of the drain located in the backfill zone is made of a material allowing heat exchange between water contained in the water retention zone and the heat transfer fluid.

[0036] According to one embodiment, the heat transfer fluid is water contained in the water retention zone and the drain is configured to allow evacuation of said water contained in the water retention zone towards the external environment.

[0037] According to one embodiment, a portion of the backfill zone is configured not to accommodate water, the heat transfer fluid is air contained in said portion of the backfill zone and the at least one drain allows said air to be evacuated to the external environment.

[0038] According to one embodiment, comprising at least one secondary drain allowing heat exchange with the water contained in the water retention zone.

[0039] For example, the heat transfer fluid forms the primary fluid of a heat pump system, a Canadian well or a hydraulic underfloor heating system.

[0040] For example, the unit also includes a heat pump, a Canadian well or underfloor heating.

[0041] Advantageously, the thermal insulation layer has a thermal conductivity of less than 0.035 Wm -1< .K -1< .

[0042] In one example, the outdoor environment is a habitat. The optional features below can be implemented both in combination with the assembly allowing thermal extraction and the assembly allowing water storage.

[0043] Preferably, the water retention zone extends over at least 60% of the height of the backfill zone, preferably at least 80%, preferably 100%.

[0044] According to one example, the water retention zone extends over the entire height of the embankment zone. Preferably, the basin has a volume V b and the water retention zone has a volume V retention , with V retention / V b ≥ 3.

[0045] Advantageously, the backfill has a specific heat capacity less than or equal to 860 J.kg -1< .K -1< and / or a thermal conductivity less than 2 Wm -1< .K -1< . This allows the backfill to maintain a temperature close to that of the ground 5 adjoining it while cooling or heating the water or air in contact with it. The backfill can thus cool or heat a large quantity of water or air.

[0046] In one example, the backfill contains crushed stone, the crushed stone having a grain size greater than 4 cm. In one example, the backfill contains crushed stone, the crushed stone having a grain size between 2 and 4 cm (crushed stone type 20 / 40, 20 corresponding to the width in millimeters of the smallest aggregates and 40 to the width in millimeters of the largest crushed stone).

[0047] For example, the crushed stone has a grain size of less than 10 cm.

[0048] In one example, the backfill is made from a material derived from asbestos recycling, for example Cofalit ®<. Cofalit ®< is a material derived from asbestos recycling and is completely neutral for the environment. By using this material, we therefore convert a waste, asbestos, into a resource. Cofalit ®< also has a very high thermal inertia, which is advantageous in the context of the invention. Its thermal storage capacity is very high: one m 3< of Cofalit ®< can store 2.8MJ when its temperature increases by 1°C. Finally, Cofalit ®< is inexpensive (around 8 to 10 euros per ton).

[0049] For example, the membrane is based on ethylene-propylene-diene monomer (EPDM) rubber. However, any long-lasting inert waterproofing membrane is possible.

[0050] In one example, the fill area comprises gabions, with the fill being placed in the gabions.

[0051] According to one example, the assembly comprises a plurality of drains, at least two of the plurality of drains preferably being arranged in parallel. The assembly preferably comprises at least three drains. Advantageously, all of the drains are arranged in parallel, for example at different heights of the backfill area.

[0052] According to one example, the backfill zone forms a perimeter around the basin, said perimeter extending over a length L zr taken in projection in a horizontal plane, and the drain extends, in the backfill zone, over a length L d , taken in projection in the horizontal plane, such that L d ≥ 0.5 * L zr , preferably L d ≥ 0.7 * L zr , preferably L d ≥ 0.8 * L zr and preferably L d ≥ 0.95 * L zr .

[0053] Set 1 will now be described in more detail with reference to the figure 1 .

[0054] Set 1 firstly comprises a basin 2. This basin 2 is typically the basin of a swimming pool. In the case of a shell pool, the "basin" is most often referred to as the shell itself. In the case of a concrete pool, the basin is generally composed of concrete blocks or shotcrete giving the pool its shape. The basin may also comprise or be formed from a shell made of fiber, resin or metal. Basin 2 may also be an ornamental or leisure pond. For example, it may be a planted pond. It is preferably an ecological pond.

[0055] The basin 2 typically has a plurality of sides, for example four sides in the case of a basin having a rectangular shape in projection in the plane of the land 5.

[0056] Basin 2 is located in a cavity 4 of a plot of land 5, for example plot 5 of a garden.

[0057] The basin 2 is at least partially buried in the cavity 4. By the fact that the basin 2 is “partially buried” in the cavity 4, it is meant that a part of the basin 2 may be projecting relative to the ground 5. Therefore, the basin 2 may not be buried in the cavity 4 over its entire height. Preferably, the basin 2 is buried in the cavity 4 over at least 80% of its average height. The average height of the basin 2 is defined as the average over the ground surface of the basin 2 in the plane of the ground 5 of the local heights of the basin 2.

[0058] Furthermore, the pool 2 may not be buried in the cavity 4 on all its sides. One or more of its sides may not be bordered by the land 5 or may only be bordered over part of its height by the land 5. This is particularly the case in the case of an infinity pool or a partially glazed pool.

[0059] The assembly 1 further comprises a backfill zone 3 also located at least partially in the cavity 4. Preferably, the backfill zone 3 is entirely buried in the cavity 4.

[0060] The backfill zone 3 is more precisely located at least between a wall 21 of the basin 2 and a wall 41 of the cavity 4. Preferably, the backfill zone 3 extends between several walls of the basin 2 on the one hand and several walls of the cavity 4 on the other hand. In other words, preferably, the backfill zone 3 borders more than one side of the basin 2. Advantageously, the backfill zone 3 borders the entire periphery of the basin 2.

[0061] In the case where certain sides of the basin are glazed, the backfill zone 3 is preferably positioned so as not to obstruct these glazed sides.

[0062] The backfill zone 3 comprises a backfill 30. The backfill 30 is typically a set of aggregates of a mineral material, commonly referred to as “crushed”.

[0063] The backfill 30 is advantageously placed in boxes or gabions, preferably gabions made of braided iron wire. As will be seen later, these gabions may come into contact with water. Gabions made of a stainless or inert material will therefore be preferred. Generally, the backfill 30 can be placed in cages made of non-putrescible woven or molded materials.

[0064] These gabions or cages give the embankment zone 3 better support, and in particular make it possible to maintain the embankment 30 in a desired volume. In particular, the gabions prevent the embankment 30 from sagging over time and make it possible to reinforce its vertical stability. They thus ensure that the embankment zone 3 maintains the same height and width over time.

[0065] Due to its weight and its mechanical rigidity, the backfill zone 3 makes it possible to ensure the mechanical maintenance of the pool 2 within the ground 5. More precisely, the backfill 30 makes it possible to ensure the mechanical maintenance of the walls of the pool 2 and / or of the cavity 4 which it borders. Concerning the mechanical maintenance of the pool 2, this is particularly useful when the wall(s) bordered by the backfill zone 3 correspond to at least a part of the shell of the shell pool. Concerning the maintenance of the walls of the cavity 4, it is understood that the mechanical maintenance is effective over at least a part of the ground 5, this part extending from the wall(s) of the cavity 4 bordered by the backfill zone 3.

[0066] The backfill zone 3 also comprises a waterproof membrane 31 at least partially surrounding the backfill 30. Preferably the waterproof membrane 31 surrounds the backfill 30 over its entire height taken vertically. Preferably the waterproof membrane 31 envelops the backfill 30 over at least 60% and preferably over at least 80% of the height of the cavity 4 taken vertically. This waterproof membrane 31 is impervious to fluids, in particular to water, and thus defines a water retention zone 32. This water retention zone 32 makes it possible to collect rainwater coming in particular from runoff on the ground 5 and / or from an overflow from the basin 2. Indeed, the rainwater falling into the basin 2 can finish filling the basin 2 and end up overflowing from the latter. The excess water contained in basin 2 can then flow into the water retention zone 32 located in the backfill zone 3 adjoining basin 2.Advantageously, an overflow management system 22 is provided, configured to convey excess water from the basin 2 to the backfill zone 3, or even directly to the water retention zone 32.

[0067] In order to allow the flow, in the water retention zone 32, of water running off from the ground 5 or of water overflowing from the basin 2, it is provided that the waterproof membrane 31 does not entirely cover the upper face of the backfill zone 3. It may be provided that the waterproof membrane has an opening. This opening may be left free. It may also be provided that it is provided with a filter, for example a filtering textile, for example a geotextile or a non-putrescible and / or stainless grid, in order to filter the water flowing into the retention zone.

[0068] The waterproof membrane 31 prevents water from flowing outside the embankment zone 3, particularly into the ground 5. By collecting the runoff rainwater in this way, the flow of water is delayed, which helps to relieve congestion in the public drainage networks and therefore limit flooding.

[0069] Additionally or alternatively, the water collected in the water retention zone 32 can also have several uses. On the one hand, this water can be used for the needs of a home, and for different functions: watering, washing vehicles, supplying toilets, washing floors, washing clothes, etc. On the other hand, because it is stored with the backfill 30, in the cavity 4 of the land 5, the temperature of this water becomes uniform with that of the backfill 30. The backfill 30 itself has a temperature substantially equal to that of the portion of the land 5 located at the same depth and of the portion of the land 5 below. Thus, in winter, the cold rainwater flowing into the retention area 32 is heated by the embankment 30 and by the ground 5, and in summer the hot rainwater flowing into the retention area 32 is cooled.The water contained in the retention zone 32 can therefore serve as a thermal storage zone. Thermal collection systems from the water stored in the retention zone will be detailed further.

[0070] It should be noted that the capacity of the basin 2 is typically greater than that of the retention zone 32. Furthermore, in winter, the water 20 contained in the basin 2 is typically colder than the portions of land 5 heating the water contained in the retention zone 32. Similarly, in summer, the water 20 contained in the basin 2 is typically warmer than the portions of land 5 cooling the water contained in the retention zone 32. The water contained in the basin 2 could therefore, undesirably, cool the water contained in the retention zone 32 in winter and heat it in summer. In order to prevent a thermal bridge that is too damaging for the thermal applications of the invention from being created between the water contained in the basin 2 and the water contained in the retention zone 32, the presence of a thermal insulation layer 6 is advantageously provided between the wall(s) of the basin 2 that the backfill zone 3 adjoins and the backfill 30.The thermal insulation layer 6 may be a membrane, for example flexible, or alternatively be formed from one or more rigid panels or sheets. This thermal insulation layer 6 forms a thermal barrier between the water contained in the basin 2 and the embankment 3. By "thermal barrier", it is meant that the thermal insulation layer 6 makes it possible at least to reduce the heat transfers between the water contained in the basin 2 and the embankment 3. Advantageously, the thermal insulation layer 6 has a thermal conductivity of less than 0.035 Wm -1< .K -1< .

[0071] Although the presence of such a thermal insulation layer 6 is particularly advantageous for implementing the invention, it is however possible to do without it.

[0072] Advantageously, there is no thermal barrier between the embankment 30 and the ground 5. Indeed, it is often preferable to promote heat exchanges between the ground 5 and the embankment 30 so that the embankment 30 benefits from the thermal inertia of the ground 5. The waterproof membrane 31 preferably does not form a thermal barrier. Furthermore, the thermal insulation layer 6 which is advantageously present between the embankment 30 and the basin is not present between the embankment 30 and the ground 5. In particular, the thermal insulation layer 6 does not continue on the vertical wall between the embankment 30 and the ground 5. Preferably, it also does not continue between the bottom of the cavity 4 and the ground 5, as illustrated in the figures 1 to 2 .

[0073] In certain situations, particularly in the case where the ground 5 is at temperatures not suited to the storage requirements in terms of temperature, thermal inertia or any other factor which could interfere with the operation of the assembly 1, it is however possible to thermally insulate the embankment 30 from the ground 5. This is then referred to as independent thermal storage.

[0074] It should be noted that basin 2 can in fact serve as a thermal lock for rainwater before it flows into retention zone 32. Indeed, in winter, rainwater is at a very low temperature, for example around 0°C. The water contained in basin 2 is at a higher temperature. More precisely, the water at the bottom of basin 2 has a temperature close to that of the underlying portion of land 5, and the water at the surface has a temperature fairly close to the outside temperature, for example around 5°C. The rainwater falling into basin 2 can thus take at least the temperature prevailing at the surface of the water contained in basin 2. Due to the convection imposed on the water contained in basin 2 in order to prevent it from stagnating, it can be hoped that the rainwater will take even a higher temperature.The water flowing into the retention zone 32 from the basin 2 is therefore less cold than if it had not passed through the basin 2. The heating by the ground 5 of the water in the retention zone 32, typically up to temperatures of approximately 10°C, is therefore faster. This reasoning applies mutatis mutandis to a summer situation, where the rainwater is high (for example approximately 25°C) and will undergo an initial cooling due to its passage through the basin 2 before being collected in the retention zone 32 and being cooled by the ground 5, for example down to temperatures of approximately 15°C to 20°C.

[0075] Advantageously, the assembly 1 is provided to contain a system for controlling the discharge of water from the basin 2 to the water retention zone 32. This control system comprises, for example, temperature sensors: at least one sensor for determining the temperature at the surface of the water contained in the basin 2, and a sensor for determining the temperature of the water contained in the water retention zone 32, for example at the bottom of this zone. The control system advantageously performs a comparison of these temperatures. Depending on this comparison, the control system actuates an element within the overflow management system 22 in order to allow or prevent the discharge of water from the basin 2 to the water retention zone 32.Preferably, the control system also operates this element as a function of at least one, and preferably several parameters taken from: the season, data relating to the weather for the coming days, rainfall forecasts, activation by the user of a command to fill the water retention zone 32.

[0076] For example, in summer, if the embankment 30 and the ground 5 have allowed effective cooling of the water contained in the water retention zone 32, it may be counterproductive to allow water to discharge into the retention zone 32 from the basin 2, since the water from the basin could lead to heating the water in the retention zone 32. Thus, if the control system detects that the temperature at the surface of the water in the basin 2 is higher than the temperature of the water within the water retention zone 32, this discharge will be prevented. If, on the other hand, a summer storm has allowed the recovery at the level of the basin 2 of very fresh rainwater, and in particular colder than the water contained in the retention zone 32, then the control system will allow this discharge. A similar operation of the control system takes place in winter, to only allow water to be discharged when it is warmer than the water contained in retention zone 32.It should be noted that it is expected that, if set 1 contains such a control system, it can be activated or not. Thus, if one seeks to prioritize water storage over the optimization of thermal storage, the control system can be deactivated to authorize the passage of water unconditionally. Thermal storage will certainly be less optimized, but it will still be guaranteed to a satisfactory extent thanks to the properties of backfill 30.

[0077] Furthermore, the user can choose to force the discharge of water from the basin into the retention zone 32, for example when a significant water requirement is a priority or when it is desired to avoid wasting water when an intervention in the basin requires partially emptying the latter.

[0078] Exploitation of the phenomenon of stratification of the temperature of the water contained in the basin As schematically illustrated in the figure 1, according to an advantageous example, it is provided that the assembly 1 contains means for conveying water contained at the bottom of the basin 2 (for example up to 1%, 5%, 10%, possibly up to 100% of its height) to the retention zone 32. In this way, the phenomenon of natural stratification of the temperature of the water 20 contained in the basin 2 described above is exploited: these means in fact make it possible to take as a priority from the most appropriate temperature zone of the basin water tempered with respect to the desired temperature to add to the storage zone. This extraction of the water 20 from the basin 2 to the retention zone 32 via the bottom of the basin 2 can be implemented in parallel with an extraction by overflow as described previously, at the level of the surface of the water 20 contained in the basin 2. It can also be the only technique for extracting water from the basin 2 implemented.It is also possible to envisage that the extraction of water from basin 2 to retention zone 32 is only done by overflow. As illustrated schematically in the . figure 1 , the means for conveying water from the bottom of the basin 2 to the retention zone 32 advantageously comprise a valve 27 and a non-return valve 28. The non-return valve 28 makes it possible to prevent water contained in the retention zone 32 from returning to the basin 2. The valve 27 is advantageously controlled by a second control system 29 making it possible to adjust whether water can flow from the basin 2 to the retention zone 32 and if so, at what flow rate. This second control system 29 can operate in an automatic mode, that is to say according to instructions defined beforehand and according to different predefined parameters, in a manual mode in which it is controlled by a user, or in a hybrid mode.

[0079] The exploitation of the phenomenon of natural stratification of the water temperature can even be pushed further. In particular, according to an advantageous embodiment, it is provided that the assembly 1 contains several sets of means for conveying water from the basin 2 to the retention zone 2, these different sets of means being located at different height levels of the basin 2. This provides different water extraction points, each of these extraction points making it possible to take water contained in the basin 2 being at a different temperature. It is advantageously provided that sensors make it possible to determine the temperature of the water at each of these extraction points. This makes it possible to choose, manually or automatically, through which extraction point(s) the water will be extracted from the basin 2.In this embodiment, it is provided that each of the sets of extraction means contains a valve, preferably a second control system and possibly a different pump(s) in order to be able to selectively extract water at one level or another of the basin 2. A general control system, in communication with the second control systems, can manage in real time at which extraction point(s) the water is conveyed from the basin 2 to the retention zone 32. It is understood that the general control system, like each of the second control systems, can operate according to an automatic, manual or hybrid operating mode.

[0080] The multiplicity of water extraction points from the basin 2 to the retention zone makes it possible to better control the temperature of the water stored in the retention zone 32 and can also allow thermal optimization of the basin 2 itself. It is for example possible to select, automatically or manually, the extraction points through which water is actually extracted from the basin 2 in order to keep the water 20 of the basin 2 at a set temperature.

[0081] It therefore appears that the water retention zone 32 allows efficient thermal storage that can be used to heat or cool an external environment 8, as will be described in more detail. Furthermore, the backfill zone 3, when it is not entirely filled with water, contains air that is also heated or cooled, depending on the season, by the ground 5. It is therefore possible to reserve a space within the backfill zone 3 that is not filled with water in order to use it as a thermal storage zone. In order to limit the water level to a certain height in the backfill zone 3, several options are possible. For example, it is possible to include a water level detection mechanism that evacuates excess water beyond a previously set threshold. According to another example, the water level in the embankment zone 3 is regulated using a gravity discharge, for example comprising an overflow device.

[0082] It is possible to operate one or both types of storage, including thermal storage in water and thermal storage in air.

[0083] With a view to promoting thermal exchanges between the water and / or air contained in the backfill zone 3 and the ground 5, it is advantageous to provide that the waterproof membrane 31 has a thermal conductivity facilitating these exchanges.

[0084] The means of thermal extraction from the water or air contained in the backfill zone 3 to an external environment 8 will now be described in more detail with reference to Figures 2A to 2C . Example of closed-loop heat extraction with a heat pump

[0085] According to an embodiment illustrated in Figure 2A, the assembly 1 comprises at least one drain 33 located at least partly in water contained in the retention zone 32 and allowing the circulation of a heat transfer fluid in a sealed manner relative to the backfill zone 3. In this embodiment, the heat transfer fluid is for example one of a chlorofluorocarbon (CFC), a hydrochlorofluorocarbon (HCFC) and a hydrofluorocarbon (HFC). In this embodiment, the drain 33 does not have openings allowing fluid communication with the retention zone. The drain 33 has the function of thermal drainage only.

[0086] The drain 33 is configured to allow heat transfer between the water contained in the retention zone 32 and the heat transfer fluid, which allows the heat transfer fluid to be heated in winter and cooled in summer.

[0087] After passing through the retention zone 32, the heat transfer fluid is discharged from the backfill zone 3 through an outlet 34. This outlet 34 communicates with, or even corresponds to, an inlet 71 of a fluid circuit 7 into which the heat transfer fluid (cooled or heated as the case may be) is injected. The fluid circuit 7 comprises a device 72 for transferring the heat from the fluid to a secondary heat transfer fluid, or conversely for transferring the heat from the secondary heat transfer fluid to the heat transfer fluid. In the context of this embodiment, this device 72 is typically a heat pump, which can preferably operate both as a heater and as an air conditioner (reversible heat pump). After serving to cool or heat the secondary heat transfer fluid, the heat transfer fluid is rerouted to the drain 33.It is understood that this circulation between the drain and the device 72 is in reality continuous, that there is permanently heat transfer fluid in the drain 33 and heat transfer fluid in the device 72. The secondary heat transfer fluid is itself conveyed to an external environment 8. It can be used to supply thermal emitters (radiator, heated floor, fan coil, etc.) located within the external environment 8.

[0088] The assembly consisting of the drain 33, the means for conveying the heat transfer fluid from the device 72 to the drain 33 and from the drain 33 to the device 72 is commonly referred to as the “primary circuit” 73. The circuit located between the device 72 and the external environment is referred to as the “secondary circuit” 74. The arrows shown on the Figure 2Aillustrate the direction of circulation of the heat transfer fluid and the secondary heat transfer fluid within the primary circuit 73 of the fluid circuit 7, the secondary circuit 74 of the fluid circuit 7, and the drain 33.

[0089] The heat transfer fluid being physically separated from the backfill 30 and the water contained in the backfill zone 3 by the drain 33 and from the ground 5 and the external environment 8 by the fluid circuit (that is to say that its circulation is done in a sealed manner), this embodiment is said to be “in closed loops”, the primary circuit and the secondary circuit each constituting a closed loop. As in all embodiments of the invention, it is advantageously provided that the assembly contains several drains in order to maximize its energy efficiency.

[0090] Advantageously, provision is made to place at least one drain 33 at the bottom of the water retention zone 32 and at least one second drain 33 approximately halfway up the water retention zone 32. The drains 33 may in particular be installed in layers within the backfill zone 3. In order to prevent the drains 33 from being deformed and damaged by the weight of the backfill 30, it is advantageous to provide that they have significant intrinsic mechanical strength or that they are arranged in protective sheaths.

[0091] There figure 3illustrates a top view of the assembly 1 according to the invention, particularly in the case of the embodiment currently described. This figure represents in particular the way in which the drain(s) 33 can extend, in projection in the horizontal plane XY, within the backfill zone 3. In the example illustrated, the backfill zone 3 defines a perimeter around the basin 2 extending in the horizontal plane XY over a length L zr . It should be noted that the perimeter can be closed, as in the figure 3 , or not. The drain 33 extends over a length L d . In order to maximize the exchanges between the heat transfer fluid and the backfill zone 3, it is advantageous to provide that the length L d is at least greater than or equal to 50% of L zr .

[0092] This embodiment using a heat pump allows efficient heat exchange between the retention zone 32 and the external environment 8. It is estimated that the coefficient of performance of this embodiment is between 5 and 6. Example of closed-loop heat extraction without a heat pump

[0093] According to another embodiment not illustrated, the fluid circuit 7 does not include a heat pump but a simple pump, and the drain 33 and the fluid circuit 7 together constitute a single closed loop. The heat transfer fluid passing through the drain 33 and through the fluid circuit 7 can be pure water, salt water, glycolated water or even one of a chlorofluorocarbon (CFC), a hydrochlorofluorocarbon (HCFC) and a hydrofluorocarbon (HFC). In this embodiment, the drains allow an exchange of calories between the fluid present in the retention zone 32 and the fluid present inside the drain(s) 33. On the other hand, these drains 33 do not allow a passage of the fluid through their wall. They are for example formed of a conduit whose walls are sealed, that is to say not having openings.The heat transfer fluid heated or cooled by the backfill 3 is, in this embodiment, conveyed directly to a ground heating or air conditioning system acting as a heat emitter in winter and a cold emitter in summer. The pump and the ground heating or air conditioning system thus together enable heat transfer between the backfill zone 3 and a habitat 8. Example of thermal extraction by “Canadian well”

[0094] According to another embodiment illustrated in Figure 2B, the thermal extraction from the backfill zone is done by suction of the air circulating in the backfill zone 3, according to the principle of a Canadian well. In this embodiment, the drain 33 is a conduit or a pipe having one or more openings on its wall, thus allowing air to enter the conduit. These may for example be openings obtained by radial perforations. The drain 33 therefore allows in this embodiment both fluid drainage and thermal drainage.

[0095] In this embodiment, the drain 33 communicates with a fluid circuit 7 comprising controlled mechanical ventilation (CMV) making it possible to capture the air located in the backfill zone 3 via the drain 33. The CMV makes it possible to convey the captured air to the external environment 8, typically a habitat.

[0096] Advantageously, the fluid circuit 7 is thermally insulated from the ground 5 which it crosses in order to limit the thermal exchanges between the air circulating in the circuit 7 and the ground 5. Indeed, the zones of the ground 5 closest to the surface could in fact be at a lower temperature in winter (higher in summer) than the temperature reached in the backfill zone, and cool (heat in summer) the air being conveyed to the external environment 8, which would be counterproductive.

[0097] This VMC is typically located within the habitat itself 8 or at least is not buried in the ground 5 in order to facilitate its maintenance.

[0098] As in the embodiment described previously, the backfill zone 3 has an outlet 34. The air is evacuated through this outlet, which communicates with, or even corresponds to, an inlet 71 of a fluid circuit 7.

[0099] The arrows shown on the Figure 2Billustrate the direction of air circulation within the fluid circuit 7 and the drain 33.

[0100] The coefficient of performance of this embodiment is estimated to be around 2. Example of thermal extraction by water extraction from the retention zone

[0101] According to another embodiment illustrated in Figure 2C , thermal extraction from the backfill area is done by taking water from the retention area 32. This water cooled or heated by the backfill 3 and ground 5 can typically be used to supply a hydraulic ground heating or air conditioning circuit of an external environment 8, typically a habitat 8.

[0102] In this embodiment, the drain 33 is a conduit or pipe having one or more openings on its wall, thus allowing the water contained in the retention zone 32 to enter the conduit. These may for example be openings obtained by radial perforations. The drain 33 therefore allows in this embodiment both fluid drainage and thermal drainage.

[0103] As illustrated in Figure 2C, the drain 33 communicates with an outlet 34 of the backfill zone itself communicating with, or even corresponding to, an inlet 71 of the fluid circuit 7. This fluid circuit 7 comprises a pump 75, making it possible to take water contained in the retention zone 32 via the drain 33. The water heated or cooled by the backfill 3 and the ground 5 is typically conveyed by the pump to a ground heating or air conditioning system 76 acting as a heat emitter in winter and a cold emitter in summer. The pump 75 and the ground heating or air conditioning system 76 thus together allow a heat transfer between the backfill zone 3 and a habitat 8.

[0104] The arrows shown on the Figure 2Cillustrate the direction of circulation of water within the fluid circuit 7 and the drain 33. These two together constitute an open loop, since a fluid exchange takes place between the drain 33 and the backfill zone 3.

[0105] Advantageously, the fluid circuit 7 is thermally insulated from the ground 5 which it crosses in order to limit the thermal exchanges between the water circulating in the circuit 7 and the ground 5. Indeed, the zones of the ground 5 closest to the surface could in fact be at a lower temperature in winter (higher in summer) than the temperature reached in the backfill zone, and cool (heat in summer) the water being conveyed to the external environment 8, which would be counterproductive.

[0106] The heat transfer fluid can therefore be, depending on the chosen embodiment: A heat transfer fluid circulating in the backfill zone 3 and fluidly isolated from the water and air contained in the backfill zone 3, From the air drawn from the backfill zone 3, From the rainwater drawn from the retention zone 32.

[0107] As previously expressed, it is possible to implement one or more of the embodiments of the thermal extraction from the backfill zone 3 within the same assembly 1. The assembly 1 may in particular comprise the elements necessary for the implementation of several of these embodiments and be operated either simultaneously or successively for the implementation of the different types of thermal extraction.

[0108] In all the embodiments described above, it is possible to provide an outlet from the water retention zone 32 in order to take water for any type of use, for example domestic.

[0109] The different embodiments allowing thermal extraction can each be implemented independently or in combination with the water storage described below. Examples of basin and embankment area sizing

[0110] The following paragraphs aim to present an example of the dimensioning of basin 2 and the surrounding embankment zone 3. It has been shown that these dimensions allow very satisfactory results to be obtained in terms of thermal and water storage, while corresponding to standard formats of basins for special purposes. These dimensions are naturally given as an example and other dimensions can perfectly well be used for the design of the basin and the embankment zone.

[0111] Basin 2 can have the following dimensions: A length L b approximately equal to 8 meters, A width lb approximately equal to 4 meters, A height hb approximately equal to 1.68 meters.

[0112] Basin 2 then has a surface area in the horizontal XY plane of 32 m 2< .

[0113] In a completely conventional manner, the basin 2 can have a shell 25 (for example made of “rice grain” type gravel) with a thickness of approximately 7 cm.

[0114] The backfill zone 3 can extend around the basin 2, over its entire perimeter, over a width lr of 60 cm. The backfill zone 3 then has the following dimensions: A length L zr approximately equal to 8 meters, A width l zr approximately equal to 4.6 meters,

[0115] The backfill zone 3 then has a volume of 26.6 m 3< . It is this volume which is at least partially occupied by the backfill 30. The filling rate of the backfill zone 3 by the backfill 30, depending in particular on the grain size of the backfill 30, is typically 50%. Furthermore, the volume occupied by the shell 25 at the bottom of the basin 2 is in this example 2.2 m 3< . The volume occupation within the shell of the gravel forming it can also be estimated at 50%.

[0116] Thus, the total volume available for water storage is 14.4 m 3< . Benefits of water storage enabled by the invention

[0117] As previously stated, the backfill zone 3 allows not only thermal storage and, simultaneously or alternatively, water storage. The water stored in the backfill zone 3 comes from the surplus water in the basin 2. It can also come from other types of discharges. Indeed, it can be provided that the retention zone 32 is supplied by at least one of: water flowing over the ground, rainwater from a roof, rainwater from a terrace with a waterproof coating, rainwater from a road or path.

[0118] This water storage can have two objectives, which are not mutually exclusive. The first is simple water retention: the waterproof membrane 31 allows the water to be stored, and an outlet orifice is advantageously provided in this waterproof membrane 31 in order to return the water to a public network or directly to the land 5. The dimensions of this orifice are chosen so that the return flow rate is adapted to the characteristics of the land 5. A second objective is storage for later use. In this case, it is advantageous for the assembly 1 to include a settling tank in which the water is filtered or even sterilized before use.

[0119] The waterproof membrane 31 advantageously comprises a fluid outlet 36 as well as a device for controlling the extraction of water stored in the retention zone 32. The control device allows control of the extraction of water via the fluid outlet 36 and of the parameters characterizing this extraction. For example, the control device can prevent any exit of water stored in the retention zone via the fluid outlet 36. It can also authorize such an exit. Advantageously, it makes it possible to control the flow rate by which the water exits via the fluid outlet 36. The control system can be configured to allow or prevent the exit of water via the fluid outlet according to predetermined parameters, and thus operate in an automatic mode.The existence of such an automatic mode does not, however, prevent manual operation, in which the control device is entirely controlled by the user, or hybrid operation.

[0120] A fluid drain 35 communicating with this outlet 36 can make it possible to collect the water located in the retention zone 32 to be extracted via the fluid outlet 36.

[0121] As illustrated in figure 1 , the fluid outlet 36 can allow the collected water to be returned to the land 5. The fluid outlet 36 can also communicate with a conduit carrying the water to a public or private network. In these two cases, we are then in the case of water storage for retention purposes only.

[0122] The fluid outlet 36 can also communicate with a conduit conveying water to a settling tank. This is the case of water storage for the purpose of subsequent use of the stored water. It is understood that the waterproof membrane 31 can comprise two fluid outlets, one for each of these applications, or a single fluid outlet connected to two separate conduits. As illustrated in 2D figure, according to an advantageous embodiment, the assembly 1 comprises water distribution equipment 37. This equipment 37 can take different forms, depending on the uses chosen for water recovery. It can for example be a tap, household appliance, or even an automatic garden watering system. It should be noted that it is conceivable that the same circuit serves to convey water to the external environment 8 for water consumption needs and for thermal needs of the external environment 8, in particular in the case where water storage is provided within the external environment 8.

[0123] This water distribution equipment 37 is in communication with the fluid outlet 36, possibly via a settling tank as previously described. Advantageously, the assembly 1 comprises a pump 38 making it possible to take water contained in the retention zone 32 and to convey it to the water distribution equipment 37. Exploitation of the phenomenon of stratification of the temperature of the water and / or air contained in the embankment zone

[0124] The phenomenon of stratification of the water temperature, described previously with reference to the water 20 contained in the basin 2, is also observed within the retention zone 32. This phenomenon can also be exploited at this level: it is advantageously provided that the thermal extraction from the backfill zone 3 towards the external environment 8 can be carried out at several heights of the backfill zone.

[0125] In particular, according to an advantageous embodiment, it is provided that the assembly 1 contains several fluid outlets located at different heights of the backfill zone 3. These fluid outlets may be fluid outlets allowing extraction of a heat transfer fluid having circulated within the backfill 30, of water contained in the retention zone 32, or of air contained in the backfill zone 3, according to any one of the embodiments described previously for thermal or water extraction from the backfill zone 3.

[0126] In this way, different thermal and / or water extraction points are obtained, each of these extraction points making it possible to extract water or air contained in the backfill zone 3 which is at a different temperature. Advantageously, sensors are provided to determine the temperature of the water or air at each of these extraction points. This makes it possible to choose, manually or automatically, through which extraction point(s) the water or air will be extracted from the basin 2. In this embodiment, it is provided that each of the fluid outlets is associated with a different valve, as well as preferably with a third different control system and possibly with a different pump in order to be able to selectively extract water or air at one level or another of the backfill zone 30.A general control system, in communication with the third control systems, can manage in real time at which extraction point(s) the water or air is conveyed from the retention zone 32 to the external environment 8. It is understood that the general control system, like each of the third control systems, can operate according to an automatic, manual or hybrid operating mode.

[0127] The multiplicity of thermal or water extraction points at the retention zone 32 makes it possible to better control the temperature of the water and / or air extracted from the retention zone 32. This makes it possible to improve the efficiency of the heating or air conditioning system of the external environment 8, or to choose the temperature of the water that one wishes to recover for a specific subsequent use. It is for example possible to select, automatically or manually, the extraction points through which water or air is actually taken from the retention zone 32 in order to temper the external environment 8 to a set temperature.

[0128] The following paragraphs aim to show the effectiveness of the water storage system according to the invention with quantified results.

[0129] In France, Brittany and Bouches-du-Rhône, the annual rainfall is 1.2 m / year / m 2 and 0.55 m / year / m 2 respectively. Thus, for a basin of 8x4 meters, 38 m 3 and 17.6 m 3 of rainwater fall on this basin each year.

[0130] Considering that the backfill zone 3 extends over a width lr of 60 cm all around the basin 2 in the horizontal plane XY, its storage capacity is approximately 15 m 3< , which allows, for a basin of 8×4×1.68 m 3< , to contain enough to renew more than a quarter of basin 2.

[0131] Thus, by using rainwater to rinse filters in basin 2 and / or to refill basin 2 after possible evaporation or overflow of water from basin 2 during its use, the latter is completely water neutral for regions with annual rainfall greater than 380 mm / year / m 2 < , which is the case in the majority of European countries.

[0132] If we consider an embankment area 3 with a width lr of 90 cm instead of 60 cm around basin 2, the water storage capacity rises to 22 m 3< , which allows, for a basin of 8×4×1.68 m 3< , to contain enough to renew approximately 40% of basin 2. Thus, by using rainwater to rinse filters of basin 2 and / or to refill basin 2 after possible evaporation or overflow of water from basin 2 during its use, basin 2 becomes neutral in water consumption in regions with annual rainfall greater than 250 mm / year.

[0133] In addition to the issues of water retention and recovery, the storage of water within the retention zone 32 makes it possible to further improve the mechanical support of the basin 2 and / or the ground 5 provided by the backfill zone 3. Indeed, the weight of the water is added to the weight and mechanical rigidity of the backfill, and, possibly, of the gabions. The backfill zone 3 is therefore all the more resistant to the forces exerted on it by the wall(s) of the basin 2 and / or the ground 5.

[0134] Furthermore, the water stored in the retention zone 32 is a very important advantage for mechanically maintaining the wall(s) of the basin 2 during emptying of the latter.

[0135] The water stored in retention area 32 also provides a water reserve that can be used in the event of a fire or water shortage. This is also true for the water contained in basin 2.

[0136] The invention is not limited to the embodiments previously described and extends to all embodiments covered by the invention.

Claims

1. Assembly (1) comprising a basin (2) arranged at least partially in a cavity of a terrain (5) and a backfill zone (3), the backfill zone (3) being located at least between a wall (21) of the basin (2) and a wall (41) of the cavity (4), the backfill zone (3) comprising: • An embankment (30) configured to ensure mechanical maintenance of at least one of the wall (21) of the basin (2) and the wall (41) of the cavity (4), • A waterproof membrane (31) at least partially surrounding the embankment (30) so as to define a water retention zone (32) within the backfill zone (3), the assembly being configured so that at least a first part of the water retention zone (32) collects rainwater flowing onto the terrain (5) and / or coming from the basin (2), • At least one fluid outlet (36), • A control device configured to selectively control,an extraction of rainwater contained in the water retention zone (32) by the fluid outlet (36), the assembly further comprising water distribution equipment (37) in communication with the fluid outlet (36), the assembly being configured so that the water distribution equipment (37) can be supplied by the rainwater extracted by the fluid outlet (36), the water distribution equipment (37) being taken from a tap, household appliance, automatic garden watering., 2. Assembly (1) according to the preceding claim further comprising a settling tank, and in which the fluid outlet (36) communicates with said settling tank.

3. Assembly (1) according to any one of the preceding claims further comprising a pump (38) for extracting water from the retention zone (32) through the fluid outlet (36) and conveying it to the water distribution equipment (37).

4. Assembly (1) according to any one of the preceding claims further comprising a fluid drain (35) configured to convey rainwater from the retention zone (32) to the fluid outlet (36).

5. Assembly (1) according to the preceding claim in which the fluid drain (35) is placed at the bottom of the retention zone (32).

6. Assembly (1) according to any one of the preceding claims in which the backfill (30) contains crushed material, the crushed material having a grain size greater than 4 cm.

7. Assembly (1) according to any one of the preceding claims in which the membrane (31) is based on an ethylene-propylene-diene monomer (EPDM) rubber.

8. An assembly (1) according to any one of the preceding claims wherein the backfill area (3) comprises gabions, the backfill being arranged in the gabions.

9. Assembly (1) according to any one of the preceding claims further comprising a device for controlling the discharge of water contained in the basin (2) towards the water retention zone (32).

10. Assembly (1) according to the preceding claim wherein the water discharge control device is configured to control the discharge of water contained in the basin (2) towards the water retention zone (32) as a function of at least one of the following parameters: a water level in the basin (2), a water level in the water retention zone (32), the season, data relating to the weather for the coming days, rainfall forecasts, activation by a user of a command to fill the water retention zone (32), a set temperature of the water in the basin.

11. Assembly (1) according to any one of the preceding claims in which the water retention zone extends over at least 60% of the height of the backfill zone (3), preferably at least 80%, preferably 100%.

12. Assembly (1) according to any one of the preceding claims in which the basin (2) has a volume V b and the water retention zone (32) has a volume V rétention , with V rétention / V b ≥ 3.

13. Assembly (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, configured so that the rainwater collected by at least the first part of the water retention zone (32) comes from the basin (2), in part or only, by overflowing from the basin (2) and / or by overflowing by being conveyed from the basin (2).

14. Assembly (1) according to any one of the preceding claims further comprising: • At least one drain (33) configured to circulate a heat transfer fluid therein, a portion of the drain (33) being located in the backfill area (3) and being configured to allow heat transfer between the backfill area (3) and the heat transfer fluid, • At least one fluid outlet (34) configured to extract the heat transfer fluid present in the backfill area (3), the assembly (1) further comprising: • A thermal insulation layer (6) located between said wall (21) of the basin (2) and the backfill (30) and configured so as to form a thermal barrier for heat exchanges between water contained in the basin (2) and the backfill (30), • A fluid circuit (7) comprising: i. an inlet (71) for a heat transfer fluid present in the backfill zone (3), ii.a device (72) connected to said inlet (71) and configured to transfer to an external medium (8) one of the heat transfer fluid and heat from the heat transfer fluid.

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