Device for producing foundation or pile holes, and vehicle comprising said device

Abstract

The invention relates to a device (01) for producing foundation or pile holes. The device comprises a tube (02) and a piston (03) that is longitudinally movable in the tube (02), and the device (01) can be driven into the ground using a hammer. The tube (02) has at least two oppositely situated longitudinal slots (04) extending parallel to the tube axis. The piston (03) has, on its circumference, at least two projections (06) that extend radially outward through the wall of the tube (02), the projections (06) protruding outward through in each case one of the longitudinal slots (04) of the tube (02) and being axially movable together with the piston (03) along the longitudinal slot (04). The invention also relates to a vehicle for producing foundation or pile holes, the vehicle comprising a boom arm that supports both a hammer and a device (01) for producing foundation or pile holes that is coupled to the hammer.

Description

[0001] Device for creating foundation or pile holes and vehicle with this device

[0002] The present invention relates to a device for creating holes, in particular for creating foundation or pile holes. The device is designed in the manner of a hole ram, which is movable by means of a hammer attached to an excavator or similar vehicle. Furthermore, the invention comprises a vehicle on which the device for creating holes is arranged together with a hammer as an attachment.

[0003] Hand-held pile drivers, or mechanical, hydraulic, or similar types of rams, are known. Rams are designed to act on objects such as chisels or surfaces, particularly the ground. Rams are preferably used for driving piles, pipes, or similar.

[0004] EP 0 284 759 A1 discloses a ram for driving pipes. The ram comprises a piston movable within a housing. A percussion head, upon which the piston acts, is arranged at one end of the housing. A cover is attached to the rear end of the housing.

[0005] AT 409 527 B describes a piling device for piling or driving holes in the ground, in particular for utilizing geothermal energy. The piling device is stepped and / or pseudo-conical on the front side and has a plurality of wear crowns arranged axially one behind the other. The wear crown can have a

[0006] Have a cutting edge. EP 0 319 730 A1 shows a ram for driving pipes internally. The rear end of the ram is connected to a rear end of a (jacking) pipe, as seen in the direction of advance. The inner ram is enclosed by a casing pipe, at the front end of which an inner ring is arranged. A conical impact tip of the ram engages in the inner ring, so that the thrust of the ram is transferred via the impact tip to the inner ring and thus to the casing pipe. At the rear end of the casing pipe there is also an outer collar, via which thrust is also transferred.

[0007] The invention is based on the object of providing an improved device for creating holes, in particular foundation or pile holes, wherein the device is also intended to directly transport soil from the resulting hole.

[0008] The object is achieved by a device for producing foundation and pile holes according to claim 1 and by a vehicle with this device according to claim 10.

[0009] The device for creating foundation or pile holes can generally also be referred to as a rammer or hole rammer. The device comprises a tube and a piston arranged in the tube which can be moved along the longitudinal direction of the tube. The tube can be viewed as a hollow cylinder. The device can be driven or hammered into natural or compacted soil by a preferably hydraulically driven hammer which can be connected to one end of the device, in order to create foundation or pile holes there. The preferably hydraulic hammer can be a hand-operated device. The hydraulic hammer is preferably arranged as an attachment on a construction vehicle, e.g. an excavator, and is supplied with drive energy by this, preferably by connection to the excavator's hydraulic system. In modified embodiments, the hammer can also be driven electrically or mechanically.

[0010] According to the invention, the tube of the device has at least two opposing longitudinal slots which extend parallel to the tube axis. Two extensions which extend radially are formed on the circumference of the piston. The piston is arranged in the tube such that the extensions of the piston extend radially outwards through the wall of the tube, with one extension each projecting outwards through one of the longitudinal slots in the tube. The extensions are axially displaceable together with the piston along the longitudinal slots. The maximum axial displacement of the piston is thus defined by the length of the longitudinal slots. The extensions guided in the longitudinal slots prevent the piston from twisting. In addition, the extensions can preferably be used to empty the tube, i.e. to eject any soil which has penetrated it, by moving the piston to its position closest to the open end of the tube.

[0011] The extensions on the piston can advantageously be designed as bolts. The tube is preferably made of steel. The inner diameter of the tube can widen towards the impact head collar, so that the tube is slightly conical on the inside. This has the advantage that soil can be removed from the tube more easily later.

[0012] Preferably, a connection for the preferably hydraulic hammer is arranged at one end of the pipe, and an impact head collar with an opening is arranged at the opposite end of the pipe. The connection for the hydraulic hammer can be integrated into a cover plate. Alternatively, the connection itself can be the cover plate. During use, the pipe is placed on the ground with the impact head collar, with the opening being designed so that the pipe can receive soil.

[0013] The impact head collar is preferably conical, so that one side or one end of the impact head collar tapers. The impact head collar is preferably arranged on the tube such that the tapered side is located at the distal end of the tube.

[0014] The largest outer diameter of the impact head collar is preferably larger than the outer diameter of the pipe. The section with the largest outer diameter of the impact head collar is usually the section of the impact head collar where the impact head collar is attached to the pipe. The advantage of the slightly larger outer diameter of the impact head collar is that when a hole is created, the side walls of the hole are simultaneously compacted, preventing loose soil from falling into the hole when the pipe is pulled out.

[0015] Advantageously, the device comprises an adjustment device with which the distance between the end directed towards the (hydraulic) hammer, i.e. the pipe end with the connection for the hammer, and the piston can be adjusted. The adjustment device is preferably located on the piston and can be formed by a hammer head screw. The hammer head screw extends axially in the pipe. Alternatively, the adjustment device, in particular the hammer head screw, is adjustably screwed into the cover plate at the proximal end of the pipe. Depending on how strongly the soil in the pipe is to be compacted, the distance between the end of the pipe directed towards the hydraulic hammer and the piston is changed, thereby adjusting the travel path of the piston. If the travel path or the stroke height of the piston is shortened, the greatest possible distance between the impact head ring and the piston is reduced.

[0016] The pipe can be driven into the ground using a hammer, which is preferably a hydraulic one. The pipe picks up soil and the piston simultaneously moves axially due to the penetrating soil. When the piston reaches its maximum stroke height or the extensions of the piston hit the end of the longitudinal slots (the end closest to the end of the pipe with the connection for the hydraulic hammer), the piston can no longer be moved axially. If the hydraulic hammer continues to impact the pipe with the piston, the soil picked up in the pipe is further compacted with each subsequent impact. This operating mode is selected for loose soil in order to further compact the soil in the pipe.

[0017] The advantage of the invention lies in the previously described compaction of the soil in the pipe on the piston, by applying force to the device, that a hole can be created and soil can be removed from the hole at the same time. Another advantage is that the depth of the hole can be easily defined by the user through the selection of the effective length of the pipe and through the adjustment device on the piston. The adjustment device on the piston also has the advantage that it can be reacted to the different conditions of the soil, e.g. solid or loose soil, so that there is always sufficient compaction in the pipe and thus excavation of the

[0018] soil is made possible.

[0019] The length of the longitudinal slots depends on the length of the pipe, with the longitudinal slots preferably extending at least over half the length of the pipe. Particularly preferably, the length of the longitudinal slots is at least 75% of the length of the pipe.

[0020] The hole diameter of the tube can preferably be between 15 cm and 50 cm. The producible hole diameter is preferably 15 cm to 30 cm, wherein the outer diameter of the impact head ring in these cases is preferably also in the range 15 cm to 30 cm. Alternatively, the outer diameter of the impact head ring is preferably greater than 30 cm. In special embodiments, a diameter of up to 200 cm is possible. The outer tube diameter is preferably approximately 1 cm to 3 cm smaller than the outer diameter of the impact head ring.

[0021] Particularly preferably, two extensions are formed on the piston, with the tube then preferably having two longitudinal slots through which the extensions protrude. The piston can also have three or four extensions, with the tube correspondingly preferably comprising three or four longitudinal slots for receiving the extensions.

[0022] The vehicle according to the invention for creating foundation or pile holes comprises a preferably hydraulic hammer and a device for creating foundation or pile holes consisting of a tube and a piston. The device for creating foundation or pile holes corresponds to the previously described device according to the invention.

[0023] The vehicle may be an excavator or other mobile construction machine. The vehicle preferably comprises a boom arm, wherein the (hydraulic) hammer is preferably attached to the boom arm and is connected to the

[0024] Device for creating foundation or pile holes.

[0025] The vehicle preferably comprises an emptying device designed to engage the extensions of the piston and cause them to move axially so that the piston can be returned to an initial position. The emptying device can engage the extensions as soon as the device for creating foundation or pile holes has been lifted out of the ground. The axial displacement of the piston into the initial position by means of the emptying device is carried out in the direction of the impact head ring so that soil is pushed out of the pipe by the piston.

[0026] In a simple case, the emptying device can be a rope attached to the vehicle. Preferably, the emptying device consists of at least two hooks or at least two loops or the like, which are arranged on the vehicle and which, when activated, engage the extensions and axially displace the piston. The number of hooks or grippers or the like should be selected to match the number of extensions on the piston. In one embodiment, the emptying device is arranged on a front or sliding shield of the vehicle and is movable with it.

[0027] In a further embodiment, the emptying device can comprise an alternative lifting system so that a driven movement can be carried out to empty the tube of the device. It is particularly advantageous if the tube carries an axially displaceable ring which acts on the extensions of the piston in order to empty the tube. The displaceable ring can be caused to move longitudinally by a hydraulic cylinder attached to the vehicle, so that when the hydraulic cylinder is activated, the tube is emptied without the need for additional tools or modifications. In this way, the operation can be accelerated even further.

[0028] An advantage of the vehicle according to the invention with a device for creating foundation or pile holes is that the holes can be created and excavated, and the material compacted in the pipe can be removed from the pipe easily and very quickly by the emptying device, which engages the extensions of the piston and moves the piston. Thus, the device and the vehicle with the device for creating foundation or pile holes significantly reduce the amount of work and the working time required for creating foundation or pile holes. Another advantage is that when the material or the soil in the pipe is compacted, the soil beneath the pipe, i.e. the bottom of the created hole, is also compacted. This makes it easier to pour concrete into the created hole in the next step without it seeping into the ground.Further details, advantages, and developments of the present invention will become apparent from the following description of a preferred embodiment with reference to the drawings. They show:

[0029] Fig . 1 is a perspective view of a first

[0030] Embodiment of a device according to the invention for producing foundation or pile holes;

[0031] Fig. 2 is a sectional view of the device shown in Fig. 1;

[0032] Fig. 3 is a side view of a second embodiment of the device for producing foundation or pile holes;

[0033] Fig. 4 is a side view of a connection for a hydraulic hammer;

[0034] Fig. 5 is a sectional view of the terminal shown in Fig. 4; and

[0035] Fig. 6 is a sectional view of a percussion head ring of the device for creating foundation or pile holes;

[0036] Fig . 7 a sectional view of a modified

[0037] Embodiment of the device with a hydraulically driven emptying mechanism.

[0038] Fig. 1 shows a perspective view of a device 01 according to the invention for creating foundation or pile holes. The device can be driven into the ground by means of a preferably hydraulic hammer (see Fig. 7). The device 01 comprises a pipe 02 and a piston 03 which is displaceable in the longitudinal direction of the pipe and is arranged and guided in the pipe 02. The pipe 02 has two opposite longitudinal slots 04 which are formed along the longitudinal extent of the pipe 02, wherein the longitudinal slots 04 have a length of approximately 75% of the length of the pipe 02 and are closed at both their ends by the material of the pipe. The length is to be selected by the user on the basis of the desired maximum hole depth.The maximum hole depth can furthermore be adjusted according to the invention by means of an adjusting device (not shown) with which the distance between the end of the tube 02 directed towards the hydraulic hammer and the piston 03 and thus the maximum immersion depth of the piston 03 into the tube 02 can be adjusted. Extensions 06 are formed opposite one another on the piston 03 and extend radially outwards through the wall of the tube 02. In each case one extension 06 projects outwards through one of the longitudinal slots 04 of the tube 02. The extensions 06 can be moved axially with the piston 03 along the longitudinal slots 04. Furthermore, the device 01 comprises a connection 07 for the hydraulic hammer at one end of the tube 02 and an impact head ring 08 at the opposite end of the tube 02, which forms an opening and is placed on the ground when the device is in use.

[0039] The device further comprises a rod-shaped connecting piece 09 arranged at the connection 07, to which the (hydraulic) hammer can be connected. The impact head collar 08 is conical, with a tapered impact head collar side 12 located at the distal end of the device 01. A largest outer impact head collar diameter 11 is slightly larger than the largest outer diameter of the pipe 02, so that when the hole is created, the wall of the same is compacted and the pipe with the smaller diameter penetrates the ground more easily.

[0040] The device can be driven into the ground by means of a preferably hydraulically driven hammer (see Fig. 7), wherein a force acting on the device 01 causes the pipe 02 to be driven into the ground. During driving in, the piston is displaced through the ground in the axial direction towards the connection 07 until it reaches its maximum stroke, wherein the extensions 06 run up against a rear end of the longitudinal slot 04. If the device 01 is then driven in further, the soil in the pipe 02 is additionally compacted.

[0041] An advantage of the invention is that a hole is created and at the same time the compacted earth in the pipe 02 can be removed from the hole. A further advantage is that the depth of the hole can be easily defined by the user through the selection of the length of the pipe 02 and through the adjustment device (not shown) on the piston 03. The adjustment device on the piston 03 also has the advantage that it can react to the different conditions of the earth, e.g. solid or loose earth, so that compaction in the pipe 02 and thus excavation of the earth is always possible.

[0042] If the device 01 is attached to a vehicle, in particular a mobile construction machine, which comprises a hydraulic hammer and an emptying device according to the invention (see Fig. 7), the soil compacted in the pipe 02 can be easily removed from the pipe 02 at any location by means of the emptying device and with the assistance of a machine.

[0043] Fig. 2 shows a sectional view of the device 01 shown in Fig. 1, wherein the interlocking of the components 02, 03, 07, 08 and the different outer diameters of the impact head ring 08 and the tube 02 are visible.

[0044] Fig. 3 shows a side view of a modified embodiment of the device 01 for creating foundation or pile holes, wherein the formation of one of the longitudinal slots 04 is clearly visible. The piston 03 is not shown in Fig. 3. In this embodiment, the connection 07 is designed differently, namely with regard to the coupling point to the hammer. The rod-shaped connecting piece has been omitted here. Instead, a receiving bore 13 and a securing bore 14 are provided in the connection 07. When connected to a hammer, for example, a conventional chisel or a comparable transmission rod (not shown) engages in the receiving bore 13 in order to transmit the hammer force to the connection 07.To ensure that the device 01 does not detach from the driving hammer (the chisel) when it is pulled out of the ground (after a hole has been rammed into the ground), a locking pin or a screw can be inserted through the locking hole 14, which extends through a corresponding hole in the chisel and secures it in the receiving hole 13.

[0045] Fig. 4 shows a side view of the connection 07 for a hydraulic hammer (not shown). The connection 07 is adapted to the hammer to be used and its connection point. Fig. 5 shows a sectional view of the connection shown in Fig. 4.

[0046] Connection 07 .

[0047] Fig. 6 shows a sectional view of the impact head ring 08 of the device 01 for creating foundation or pile holes. Fig. 6 shows the conical shape of the impact head ring 08 with the tapered impact head ring side 12 at the distal end of the device 01 and the outer impact head ring diameter 11 which is slightly larger than the largest outer diameter of the pipe 02.

[0048] Fig. 7 shows a modified embodiment of the device for creating foundation or pile holes in a simplified sectional view. In this illustration, a section of the vehicle carrying the device during operation is shown above the device, namely an attachment plate 22 and a hydraulic hammer 20 which acts on the connection 07 via a chisel 21 in order to drive the pipe 02 into the ground. The chisel 21 replaces the connection piece as shown in Fig. 1. The hydraulic hammer 20 can be attached to an excavator or similar vehicle via the attachment plate 22. The connection 07 is bell-shaped and has a receptacle directed towards the hammer, in which the chisel 21 is inserted.Preferably, a pin 27 is inserted in the region of this receptacle, with which pin the chisel 21 is fixed, for example by engagement in a groove, so that the chisel does not slip out of the receptacle 07 when a pulling movement is effected. During advancement, the chisel 21 strikes the bottom of the bell-shaped receptacle 07, which transfers the force to the pipe 02. In the embodiment shown in Fig. 7, a push-out ring 23 is located in the axial direction between the connection 07 and the extensions 06, which drive the piston 03 when the pipe is to be emptied. The push-out ring 23 can slide on the pipe 02 and strikes the extensions 06. In this embodiment, it is advantageous if the piston 03 has at least two, alternatively three or four extensions 06 which can slide in the associated longitudinal slots.In order to expel the soil contained in the pipe 02 after a hole has been created, in this embodiment the pushing-out ring 23 can be moved towards the free end of the pipe 02 by a hydraulically driven emptying mechanism, whereby the piston 03, mediated via the extensions 06, is also displaced in this direction and expels the soil contained in the pipe. The hydraulically driven emptying mechanism preferably comprises a plurality of two-way hydraulic cylinders 24, which are supplied via hydraulic lines 25. The two-way hydraulic cylinders 24 are fastened, for example, to the attachment plate 22. The hydraulic pistons 26 associated with the two-way hydraulic cylinders 24 are coupled to the pushing-out ring 23 in order to displace it axially. Alternatively, the device preferably has three or four two-way hydraulic cylinders 24 which are positioned circumferentially distributed parallel to the hydraulic hammer 20.

[0049] Reference symbol

[0050] 01 Device for creating foundation or pile holes

[0051] 02 Pipe

[0052] 03 Pistons

[0053] 04 Longitudinal slot

[0054] 05

[0055] 06 Extension

[0056] 07 Connection

[0057] 08 Impact head ring

[0058] 09 Connector

[0059] 10

[0060] 11 outer impact head rim diameter

[0061] 12 tapered impact head crown side

[0062] 13 Mounting hole

[0063] 14 securing hole

[0064] 20 Hydraulic hammer

[0065] 21 chisels

[0066] 22 Mounting plate

[0067] 23 Sliding ring

[0068] 24 two-way hydraulic cylinders

[0069] 25 hydraulic lines

[0070] 26 hydraulic pistons

[0071] 27 Sti ft

Claims

Patent claims 1. Device (01) for creating foundation or pile holes, comprising a pipe (02) and a piston (03) which is displaceable in the longitudinal direction in the pipe (02), wherein the device (01) can be driven into the ground by means of a hammer, characterized in that the pipe (02) has at least two opposite longitudinal slots (04) which extend parallel to the pipe axis, and in that the piston (03) has at least two extensions (06) on its circumference which extend radially outwards through the wall of the pipe (02), wherein in each case one extension (06) projects outwards through one of the longitudinal slots (04) of the pipe (02) and is axially displaceable with the piston (03) along the longitudinal slot (04).

2. Device (01) according to claim 1, characterized in that a connection (07) for the hammer is provided at a rear end of the tube (02), and that the opposite front end of the tube forms an opening equipped with a striking head ring (08).

3. Device (01) according to claim 2, characterized in that the impact head ring (08) is conical, wherein its tapered side (12) is arranged at the front end of the tube (02).

4. Device (01) according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the largest outer diameter (11) of the impact head ring (08) is larger than the outer diameter of the tube (02).

5. Device (01) according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that an adjusting device is arranged on the piston (03), with which the distance between the rear end of the tube (02) directed towards the hammer and the piston (03), and thus the maximum immersion depth of the piston (03) into the tube (02), can be adjusted.

6. Device (01) according to claim 5, characterized in that the adjusting device is a hammer head screw which extends axially in the tube (02) and is adjustably screwed into a cover plate at the rear end of the tube (02).

7. Device (01) according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the extensions (06) on the piston (03) are formed by bolts.

8. Device (01) according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that it has one or more two-way hydraulic cylinders (24), the respective associated hydraulic pistons (26) of which act on a push-out ring (23) which is arranged to be axially displaceable on the pipe (02) and, when axially displaced, acts on the extensions (06) in order to displace the piston (03) in the pipe (02) in order to empty the pipe (02).

9. Device (01) according to claim 8, characterized in that the stroke length of the hydraulic pistons (26) corresponds approximately to the path length by which the extensions (06) can be displaced in the longitudinal slots (04).

10. Vehicle for creating foundation or pile holes comprising a boom arm carrying a hammer and a device (01) coupled to the hammer according to one of claims 1 to 9.

11. Vehicle according to claim 10, characterized in that it comprises an emptying device which is designed to engage the extensions (06) of the piston (03) and cause them to move axially, so that the piston (03) is brought into a position near the front end of the tube (02).

12. A vehicle according to claim 10 or 11, wherein the vehicle is an excavator or other mobile construction machine with a boom arm.

13. Vehicle according to claim 12, insofar as it relates to claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the emptying device is formed by ropes, hooks or grippers.

14. Vehicle according to claim 11, characterized in that the emptying device is arranged on a breast plate of the vehicle or is attached to the mounting plate of a hydraulic hammer (20).

15. Vehicle according to one of claims 10 to 14, characterized in that the hammer is a hydraulically driven hammer (20).

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