Joint milling or cutting device having a travel drive with magnetic coupling and method for controlling the same

Abstract

1. Joint milling or cutting device with a drive unit with magnetic clutch and method for its control. 2.1 In order to provide the user with an easy-to-handle device for asphalt and / or joint repair with reliable dust extraction during dry cutting, which is simple and safe to operate, the invention provides a joint milling or cutting device (F) with a motor-driven milling disc or cutting blade and a self-propelled drive unit for dry cutting in surfaces, comprising: - a two-part, three-track chassis, wherein the front part has a drive wheel (2a) and the rear part has two wheels (8, 9) arranged coaxially at a distance from each other on an axle, - an internal combustion engine (7) arranged in the rear part above the axle of the wheels (8, 9), - an electric motor with gearbox (6) connected to a battery, - a magnetic clutch (10),which is coupled to the electric motor (6) and the drive wheel (2a) and - a guide rod (28) extending approximately vertically above the drive wheel (2a), which carries at its free end a horizontally extending steering rod (29) with two hand grips and attached actuating levers (1) for a hydraulic disc brake (1a) and a dead man's switch (5). 2.2 The invention lies in the field of devices for asphalt and / or joint repair. Fig. 1 is proposed for publication.

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a joint milling or cutting device with a travel drive with a magnetic coupling according to patent claim 1 and according to patent claim 14 to a method for controlling the same.

[0002] In road construction, joints cut or milled into a road surface are filled with grout. Furthermore, cracks caused by weathering, tension, or settlement must be filled with permanently elastic grout to protect the road surface from further damage.

[0003] In order to fill joints, open seams and gaping cracks in asphalt pavements with joint sealants, pre-treatment consisting of one or more of the following individual services is necessary: Cutting or milling out the joints, removing loose particles from the joint edges, thermal treatment with blowing out, drying and melting of the joint edges, possibly treatment with a primer.

[0004] The following technical resources are available for the tasks listed: Joint brushes, joint milling machines, hot air devices, also called hot air lances, hand-held grouting devices, agitator cookers, grouting machines, spraying machines with hand pumps or motor-driven pumps, repair trains and surface laying machines, chipping spreaders.

[0005] As the above list shows, appropriately adapted technical tools are available for each of these tasks. Joint cutters generally operate at higher speeds than joint milling machines or have a larger-diameter saw blade; they generally work in a straight line. The milling disc on joint milling machines allows for both wide and narrow cuts, which can be straight or curved.

[0006] For example, DE 9103718 U1 discloses a joint milling or cutting device with a two-axle carriage on which the necessary equipment, such as an internal combustion engine with a reduction gear for driving the milling disc or saw blade and, if necessary, a cooling water tank and / or vacuum cleaner, is mounted. The device also includes a mechanism for adjusting the cutting depth of the milling disc or saw blade. An adjusting lever is provided for adjusting the cutting depth, which allows the wheel or both wheels of an axle to pivot relative to the carriage about a transverse axis fixed to the carriage. A spring is suspended between the carriage and the adjusting lever and is dimensioned such that it lifts the carriage, and thus the milling disc or saw blade, upwards out of the joint.

[0007] Furthermore, DE 295 11 771 U1 discloses a joint milling, joint plow, or brushing device with a three-axle carriage. This device has drive wheels with a drive axle, a running wheel with a rigid axle, a pivoting steering wheel, and a tool, such as a milling disc, arranged behind the wheels. During operation, the milling disc can be visually guided along the cracks in the road surface, and the cutting depth of the tool is adjusted using the guide handles, with fine adjustment being performed using the height-adjustable running wheel. For safety reasons, the drive wheels are arranged in such a way that when the operator releases the guide handles, the greater weight of the motor causes the carriage to tip forward onto the running wheels and steering wheel. This lifts the drive wheels off the road surface, bringing the device to a standstill and allowing it to be moved back and forth more quickly by hand.

[0008] Furthermore, DE 103 48 481 B3 and DE 10 2004 050 183 B3 disclose a scooter-based joint milling machine or a combined scooter-based joint milling and grinding device. To enable easy tracking and control of the penetration depth, DE 103 48 481 B3 provides for the joint milling machine or cutter to have: at least one front wheel formed from two coaxially spaced-apart individual wheels and a steerable rear wheel, which are connected to each other by means of a guide rail, a guide rod connected to the guide rail in the area of ​​the front wheel with a spring-loaded lever movably mounted thereon and a motor attached to the lever, which drives a milling cutter or a milling disc arranged between the individual wheels of the front wheel, To lower and press the milling cutter or milling disc, the operator, standing with one foot on the travel platform, operates the lever against the spring force.

[0009] Furthermore, DE 299 08 397 U1 discloses a hand-held device for milling pothole edges on asphalt surfaces and for milling off road markings. In order to create a milling device that is small, lightweight and maneuverable and that enables angled milling, two wheels are pivotably mounted on the device's chassis. The two wheels are attached to a lever, which is pivoted on the chassis and pulled upwards by two springs attached elsewhere on the chassis. When the guide rod, which is movably connected to the chassis, is pressed downwards, the milling drum is pressed into the asphalt. When the guide lever is released, the springs immediately lift the milling drum out of the asphalt. To make it easier to press the milling drum into the asphalt, the guide rod is articulated to the lever arms with two levers.The milling tool, which has a gear attached to it, is driven by a chain that is driven by a reduction gear on the machine's motor. Replacing the wheels on the left or right side with larger wheels enables angled milling into the asphalt.

[0010] Furthermore, DE 44 08 396 A1 discloses a joint milling machine with a rotating, motor-driven milling blade, which is height-adjustably mounted on a support frame with a chassis. Specifically, a self-propelled drive and a guide head are provided, which is designed to continuously scan the joint to be milled in advance of the milling blade and guide the joint milling machine along the joint.

[0011] Furthermore, DE 298 20 188 U1 discloses a movable joint cutter, particularly for making cuts in road surfaces or similar surfaces made of asphalt, concrete, or comparable building materials. The cutter comprises a chassis frame with front and rear wheels and at least one sawing device with a rotating saw blade that can be lowered into the working position via an adjustment device. The saw blade is driven by a drive motor. Specifically, the front and rear wheels are steerable, with the steering movement being transmitted via a steering linkage connected to the wheels.

[0012] Furthermore, DE 203 12 712 U1 discloses a suction device for a crack milling machine. The milled material is extracted directly before and after the milling cutter using suction funnels and suction hoses. The coarse milled material is collected in a suction container with a cyclone, and the remaining fine milled material is separated in a subsequent fine filter system with three flat filters arranged one behind the other and a subsequent settling chamber for dust separation. Viewed in the feed direction of the milling cutter, two suction hoses are arranged before and one after the milling cutter. The overall extraction system is operated by three suction motors, and after the milling work is completed, the collected material is emptied from the suction container through an opening door.

[0013] As stated in DE 91 04 602 U1, a long lever arm acts on the floor saw between the drive axle of the rear axle and the saw blade, which is rotatably and pivotably mounted in front of the chassis, so that the saw cut runs sideways due to the asymmetrical forces generated. In order to at least largely reduce the deflection or straying of the saw cut, in a development of DE 38 15 640 A1, the floor saw according to DE 91 04 602 U1 has the saw blade mounted laterally on the chassis, and at least one front wheel and one rear wheel are driven. This solution allows the saw blade to be brought as close as possible to the driven front drive wheel. Because at least one of the two rear wheels is also driven at the same time, it is ensured that even if the driven front wheel loses contact with the ground, the rear wheel continues to ensure functioning drive and feed of the machine.In principle, it would be possible to drive the machine solely via one or both front wheels, thereby significantly shortening the lever or reducing the torque. However, due to the forces that occur during sawing, particularly when the saw blade plunges into the material to be cut and / or when the floor saw is advanced too quickly or when the ground is uneven, the front wheels lift off and thus lose contact with the ground, making power transmission impossible. The lever arm and thus the resulting asymmetric forces are smaller the closer the saw blade is positioned to or between the two drive axles. For this reason, the axis of rotation of the saw blade should be positioned at least approximately in the vertical plane of the front axle. The driven front wheel and the driven rear wheel can be located on the same side of the chassis as the saw blade.This shrinks the lever arm considerably and can theoretically be reduced to zero if the saw blade axis is positioned exactly in the vertical plane of the front axle. The saw blade can be pivoted 180° around a horizontal axis using a pivoting device, with the pivot axis located at least approximately midway between the front and rear axles. With this pivoting device, the saw blade remains on the same side of the chassis but is pivoted back from its front position to a rear position so that saw cuts can be made on the same travel line both at the rear and at the front edge right up to the end without having to move or reverse the joint saw. In detail, the pivoting device has a pivot arm, one end of which is hinged to the pivot axis and the other end of which houses the saw blade with its drive links.The axis of the saw blade drive motor can be arranged coaxially with the saw blade pivot axis, with the drive connection to the saw blade being established via V-belts or toothed belts with corresponding V-belt or toothed belt pulleys on the drive axis of the drive motor and the saw blade's rotation axis. The pivot arm is mounted on a flange that is placed over the drive shaft of the saw blade drive motor.

[0014] DE102016001290 A1 describes a cost-effective, easy-to-operate and safe-to-load milling machine or joint cutter for seams, connections, and edge formation of asphalt traffic areas or notch cuts in concrete pavements. This milling machine or joint cutter allows easy immersion into the surface, even at high tool speeds, with a preset positive or negative angle setting, as well as control of the penetration depth, largely avoiding dust generation and easily disposing of fine dust. A complete cover / protective hood for the cutting blades or milling disc and increased vacuum for extraction are regularly provided.

[0015] Furthermore, DE102016001290 A1 discloses a mobile two-axis device with at least two travel gear motors and a drive motor for the tool for dry cutting in surfaces, with: a cutting or milling mechanism that is hydraulically adjustable via at least one hydraulic cylinder and can be continuously immersed into the surface through a portal, a swivel plate with which the entire cutting or milling mechanism can be rotated on one axis by at least 180° in the horizontal, a locking mechanism that is attached to the cutting or milling mechanism for setting a positive or negative cutting angle, and a travel drive that acts on at least the two wheels on the side of the cutting or milling mechanism so that the risk of the device wandering during the cutting or milling process is kept as low as possible.

[0016] The subject matter of DE102016001290 A1 features a two-stage cyclone extraction system arranged one above the other to save space. Compared to existing systems, where the individual cyclones are arranged side by side, dry cutting occurs without dust spreading into the environment. The dust containers, namely the dust container for fine dust and the air filter for ultra-fine dust, can be easily and quickly changed using a simple lever mechanism. In particular, the milling dust generated when cutting with diamond blades or carbide milling discs can be vacuumed up (protective hood and connected hoses) and discharged via the filter system, first through a heavy-duty separator and then through a paper filter, into a dust container / container located in the machine. This container can be released from its locked position for emptying using the lever mechanism.To increase the negative pressure (suction pressure), a side channel blower (with an outlet opening) is used instead of a fan, as is conventional. This increases the negative pressure of conventional systems from 0.15 bar to up to 0.4 bar, resulting in significantly higher suction power when combined with a protective hood consisting of a pivoting plate and cover. Furthermore, side channel blowers are considerably quieter than fans. In the case of the subject matter of DE102016001290 A1, the cover is extendable, preferably designed with slats that can be moved one above the other, so that the protective hood extends close to the surface.

[0017] Finally, DE 44 08 396 discloses a joint milling machine for milling butt joints between two adjacent floor slabs after installation. To configure this machine for largely automatic operation, a self-propelled drive is provided, which ensures the required contact pressure and thus the feed. This leads to ideally even loading of the milling blade, which can thus significantly increase its service life. Furthermore, a guide head is provided, which is guided in the joint ahead of the milling blade, so that the joint milling machine carries out the milling process automatically after touching the floor. The guide head is also capable of automatically detecting the connecting joint in the event of a lateral joint offset or of stopping the joint milling machine if such a connecting joint cannot be found. For this purpose, the guide head has a pendulum torsion arm, which carries a search wheel at the front end and a guide wheel opposite.The pendulum torsion arm is connected to a steering shaft which is rotated in reverse through a specific angle of rotation. This ensures that when the guide head moves out of the previous joint at a point with a joint offset, the guide head and thus the joint milling machine as a whole are deflected from their previous direction and usually quickly locates the connecting joint. The search wheel thus reaches the connecting joint first and engages in it. As a result of the further rotation of the pendulum torsion arm, the trailing guide wheel is also moved towards the groove until it finally engages there. The reversing rotation ensures that the guide head executes a search movement in both sides of the previous milling direction and finds the connecting joint even if the guide head is initially moved to the side that does not have the connecting joint.Reversing the search movement is also necessary to prevent the joint cutter from straying too far from its previous milling direction. In the event of a joint offset, the spaced arrangement of the guide head and milling blade compensates for this with a slightly curved line so that it is no longer noticeable. The joint cutter has a support frame which houses a milling blade, the self-propelled drive and the guide head. Viewed from above, the support frame has a rectangular layout with a front cross member, two longitudinal cross members and a rear cross member. A motor mount which houses a drive motor is attached to the rear cross member. A carrying handle is attached to the support frame or motor mount, which can be used to lift the joint cutter.A release button is integrated into the front area of ​​the carrying handle, corresponding to the center of gravity of the joint cutter, which interrupts the power supply if the machine is lifted. The drive motor is coupled to a drive shaft via a gearbox. The drive shaft is mounted laterally in bearing blocks which are attached to the rear area of ​​the longitudinal cross members. Drive wheels like twin wheels are attached to the drive shaft. Their axial position is selected so that they run exactly symmetrically to the joint. Opposite, i.e. on the other side of the drive shaft, a support wheel is attached. The support wheel is designed as a rotating support wheel, so that forward feed is achieved exclusively via the two drive wheels. The hubs of the drive wheels are designed as freewheel hubs so that the joint cutter can be moved manually in the cutting direction.The wheel treads are made of rubber with a low Shore hardness, ensuring reliable traction on the floor slabs. To increase operational safety, a cut-off bar can be installed. This protrudes forward over the joint cutter and is connected to a switch. The switch shuts off the power supply and the joint cutter when it encounters an obstacle.

[0018] In an area far removed from road construction, namely equipment for removing weeds in joints or cracks in paved sidewalks or connecting joints, a weed cutter from the DE900071U1 is known. The device referred to as a weed cutter consists of a guide rod with an internal combustion engine mounted on top. The drive shaft of the internal combustion engine drives a wire brush mounted horizontally at the lower end of the guide rod via a toothed belt drive. The device is operated with both hands; a handle is attached to the top of the internal combustion engine, and another handle, positioned transversely, is fixed to the guide rod. The belt drive is enclosed in a protective tube that extends close to the wire brush. Alternatively, the device can be driven by compressed air. An air motor with a reduction gear is attached to the side of the guide rod and, in turn, drives the wire brush mounted horizontally at the lower end of the guide rod via a belt drive.The compressed air supply is supplied by a construction compressor and can be shut off using a valve. Finally, an alternative option is a commercially available electric drill as the drive unit, which is mounted in a clamping fixture on the collar of the guide rod. A vertical shaft arranged parallel to the guide rod is clamped into the drill spindle of the drill and mounted at the bottom of the guide rod. This shaft drives the transversely mounted wire brush via a bevel gear stage. Two support wheels are arranged on either side of the single axle. The direction of rotation of the wire brush is selected so that the wheels are pressed against the road surface. All devices are inclined at an acute angle to the road surface S; the depth of penetration of the wire brush into the joints is determined by raising or lowering the guide rod.

[0019] A similar weed-and-joint grinder is known from EP 3 456 197 A1. A transparent protective hood can be provided for a brush tool, wherein the protective hood has a marking for the position of the brush disc and protects the operator from material spraying out of the joint. A motor unit has a housing in which a drive motor is arranged, wherein the drive motor is in particular an electric motor. This results in a compact design, whereby the drive motor and in particular also a torque transmission device can be effectively protected. It is advantageous if the torque transmission device comprises at least one of the following: a speed reducer; an angular gear for redirecting the direction of a torque; and a torque transmission path for bridging a spatial distance. The speed reducer allows the use of simple or cost-effective drive motors.In a structurally simple embodiment, the transmission path comprises a belt drive. Other transmission types, such as gear transmissions or the like, are also possible. Furthermore, a movable, in particular pivotable, support device can be provided with a pivot axis at least approximately parallel to the rotational axis of the at least one brush disc. For example, spring-loaded support is provided via a pivot bearing. In one embodiment, the support device comprises a roller that is fixed to the motor unit via a holder.

[0020] In road construction, roads and paths are constructed from various materials such as asphalt, concrete, paving, large format pavers, or unbound materials (e.g., gravel) (surface course and base course). For larger construction projects, construction is carried out using a paver for asphalt roads, or a concrete paver or slipform paver for concrete roads. Smaller construction projects and repairs are often carried out manually.

[0021] Important points in road construction are: Choice of machines used, choice of paving material, consideration of environmental conditions (temperature, rain, etc.), sufficient compaction at the correct asphalt temperature.

[0022] As the above assessment of the state of the art demonstrates, a multitude of differently designed milling machines, joint cutters, or grinders are known, some of which are attached. Due to their design, these machines generally do not provide good visibility during the machining process. In particular, the desired angle setting or adjustment cannot be performed under direct visual control and with great precision. As attached machines, they only allow for wide curves or straight travel. Furthermore, it can be stated that in the technical field of road construction, especially with joint milling machines, no known solution to the coupling problem exists.

[0023] Typically, travel drives are equipped with a metal friction wheel, which is pressed against the rubber drum by the operator's pressure. This results in the metal roller on the rubber drum slipping in wet conditions, resulting in significant wear on both the drum and the friction wheel. In addition, tackling inclines is difficult; the conditions must be dry, and the operator must assist by pulling. This is not an easy task, and the work tripled when the road / hill was wet. This is particularly significant because the road construction machinery industry is considered a progressive, innovative industry that quickly embraces and implements improvements and simplifications.

[0024] Magnetic couplings, in particular the electromagnetic coupling, the magnetic powder coupling, the magnetorheological fluid coupling and the contactless magnetic coupling have been known for a long time (see, for example, the Wikipedia encyclopedia).

[0025] Permanent magnetic couplings are state of the art in pumps and agitators due to their contactless and leak-free torque transmission.

[0026] The single-disk dry clutch is mainly installed in motor vehicles to separate and close the power flow between an engine and transmission when starting off or changing gears, as well as to adjust the speed between the engine output and the transmission input.

[0027] Magnetic couplings as safety couplings, safety brakes or shaft couplings can be found in Filling systems, machine tools, packaging machines and printing machines as well as in elevators, wind turbines and stage technology.

[0028] The invention is based on the object of further developing the known mobile joint milling or cutting device in such a way that the user is provided with an easy-to-handle device for asphalt and / or joint repair with reliable extraction of dust during dry cutting, which is simple, in particular one-handed, and at the same time safe to operate.

[0029] This object is achieved, according to claim 1, by a joint milling or cutting device with motor-driven milling disc or cutting blade and self-propelled drive for dry cutting in surfaces with: a two-part, three-track chassis, the front part having a drive wheel and the rear part having two wheels arranged coaxially at a distance from one another on an axle, an internal combustion engine arranged in the rear part above the axle of the wheels, an electric motor with a gearbox connected to an accumulator, a magnetic coupling which is coupled to the electric motor and the drive wheel and a guide rod extending approximately vertically above the drive wheel, which at the free end carries a horizontally extending handlebar with two handles and an actuating lever for a hydraulic disc brake and a dead man's switch attached to it.

[0030] Furthermore, this object is achieved by a method for controlling a joint milling or cutting device with an internal combustion engine, an electric motor connected to a battery, a magnetic coupling, a handlebar and a drive wheel attached to the handlebar according to claim 1 with a method according to claim 14, in which the user performs the following method steps: a) electrical starting of the combustion engine, b) setting the speed of the combustion engine using a hand throttle potentiometer, c) checking whether a potentiometer for the milling speed is at zero, d) operating a dead man's switch, turning the potentiometer and reading on a display whether the desired milling speed has been reached, e) operating a switch for the drive of the drive wheel and f) releasing the dead man's switch to stop milling, whereby the

[0031] The electric motor is switched off and the magnetic clutch acts as a blocking brake, allowing one-handed operation of the joint milling or cutting device.

[0032] The joint milling or cutting device according to the invention and the method for controlling it have the advantage of enabling safe one-handed operation by the user, even under difficult ambient conditions and environmental influences. The arrangement of only three wheels on the device achieves high maneuverability, so that, for example, cutting or milling all around an 800 mm diameter manhole cover is no problem.

[0033] Further advantages and details can be found in the following description of preferred embodiments of the invention with reference to the drawing. The drawing shows: Fig. 1 in perspective view from the right side of an embodiment of a joint milling or cutting device according to the invention, Fig. 2 in perspective view from the left side of the device to Fig. 1 , Fig. 3 a partial view of the device according to Fig. 1 diagonally from behind, Fig. 4 a partial view of a design of the handlebar and Fig. 4 the handlebar according to Fig. 4 from the right, Fig. 5 a design for a cyclone separator, Fig. 6 a design for a protective hood and in detail a manually operated depth adjustment, Fig. 7 in perspective view a design for a crack guide on the protective hood according to Fig. 6 , Fig. 8the front of the protective hood Fig. 6 Fig. 9the back of the protective cover Fig. 6 , Fig. 10 a design for an operating and display device, Fig. 11 in side view from the left when viewed from the front part of the chassis to Fig. 1 removed parts in detail, Fig. 12 in side view from the right side when viewed from the front part of the chassis to Fig. 1 removed parts in detail, Fig. 13 in perspective view diagonally from behind the arrangement of a level sensor on the cyclone separator according to Fig. 5 , Fig. 14 in perspective view diagonally from behind the design of the depth adjustment, the combustion engine and the arrangement of the emergency switch of the device according to Fig. 1 in detail, Fig. 15in exploded view a design for a vacuum fan of the device according to Fig. 1 and Fig. 16 in plan view a design for a hose connection in the cyclone separator according to Fig. 5 .

[0034] Fig. 1 bis Fig. 15 show an embodiment of a joint milling or cutting device F according to the invention. The partial views according to Fig. 4 bis 14 and Fig. 16 and exploded view according to Fig. 15 the interrelationship of the parts of the device and their position are clarified and the structure of the parts of the device F can also be shown.

[0035] Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 show in perspective view from the right and from the left an embodiment of the joint milling or cutting device F according to the invention.

[0036] The joint milling or cutting device F shown in the drawing has a motor-driven milling disc or cutting blade and a self-propelled drive for dry cutting in surfaces. Specifically, a two-part, three-track chassis is provided, with the front part having a drive wheel 2a (see Fig. 1 , Fig. 2 , Fig. 3 , Fig. 11 and Fig. 12 ) and the rear part two coaxially spaced wheels 8, 9 arranged on an axle (see Fig. 1 , Fig. 2 , Fig. 3 , Fig. 6 ). In the rear part, an internal combustion engine 7 is arranged above the axle of the wheels 8, 9, and an electric motor 6 with a gearbox connected to an accumulator (not shown in the drawing) is provided. A magnetic coupling 10 (see Fig. 12 ) coupled. A rubber band on the drive wheel 2a is characterized by its high load-bearing capacity and durability and enables a high level of grip on the surface. The magnetic coupling 10 is a friction clutch, preferably ground in, and then has around 90% of its power. Since the joint milling or cutting device F operates at a low speed, but the magnetic coupling 10 requires 100% power for milling / cutting, only a maximum power of 50% is available during operation. This is sufficient, however, since the electric motor 6 with gearbox has an output of 14 Nm and at 50% power of the magnetic coupling approximately 22 Nm is available. A 24V electric motor 6 is preferably provided for the drive. The power is transferred to the wheel shaft via a gear ratio of approximately 1:3.To interrupt the traction, particularly during adjustment, repositioning, or successive short cuts, the invention incorporates a magnetic clutch 10, preferably a 12V or 24V magnetic clutch 10. This magnetic clutch 10 allows the drive to be easily engaged and disengaged. Preferably, control electronics connected to the magnetic clutch 10 are provided for slowly accelerating and decelerating the drive wheel 2a.

[0037] Above the drive wheel 2a, an approximately vertically extending guide rod 28 is provided, which carries at the free end a horizontally extending handlebar 29 with two handles and attached actuating lever 1 for a hydraulic disc brake 1a and a dead man's switch 5 (see Fig. 4 und Fig. 4a ). The front part is connected to the rear part of the chassis via a horizontally pivoting swivel joint 3 (see Fig. 11 and Fig. 12 ).

[0038] Furthermore, the joint milling or cutting device F has a cyclone separation device, which comprises a coarse dust vortex cyclone 22 with an associated dust container 21 and a fine dust cyclone 25 with an internal fine filter (see Fig. 2 ). Preferably, a coarse dust pre-filter 26 is arranged in the air intake tract of the combustion engine 7 to its air filter (see Fig. 5 ). A fill level sensor 24 is arranged on the dust container 21 (see Fig. 13 ).

[0039] The joint milling or cutting device F has a battery (not shown in the drawing), and the combustion engine 7 charges it by means of a charging coil (not shown in the drawing). The handlebar 29 carries an operating device on which a potentiometer 2 for adjusting the milling speed is arranged (see Fig. 4 ) and furthermore an operating and display device 23 arranged on the rear part of the chassis (see Fig. 10 ) with a display for speed indication. The operating and display device 23 has an operating hours counter 12, an emergency / stop button 13, a USB charging socket 14, LED flashing lights 15, a charging indicator light 18, an engine oil indicator light 19, an on / off switch 17 for the flashing lights 15, and a hand throttle potentiometer 16 for the speed of the combustion engine 7.

[0040] At the rear of the chassis, a manually operable depth adjustment 27 for a milling disc, preferably designed as a diamond disc, is arranged. The combustion engine 7 drives a vacuum fan 30 (see Fig. 15 ). Preferably, the vacuum fan 30 comprises a bearing block 31, a fan shaft 32, a blade fan 33, an intake nozzle 34 (flexible and made of PVC), a cone 35 (made of aluminum), and two spacers 36. The cone 35 is positioned at the inlet of the housing such that, in interaction with the blade fan 33, it creates an effective air vortex, thereby increasing the air volume and the resulting negative pressure. The two spacers 36 clamp the blade fan 33 and thus cause it to rotate via the fan shaft 32.

[0041] Fig. 6 bis 9 show a detailed design of a protective hood 46. The protective hood 46 includes a polyurethane roller 48, screws 49 (preferably M8 screws) for depth limitation, a horsehair brush 50, and a sight 51 for optical alignment with the joint.

[0042] Fig. 16 shows a top view of a design for a hose connection as a locking system in the cyclone separator according to Fig. 5 This hose connection, preferably made of aluminum, is a maintenance-free solution and is easy to open and close. The hose connection has a female coupling 40, a male connector 44, a lever 41, and a receptacle 42 for an operating aid 43. The operating aid 43 is secured in the receptacle 42 (hole) by a lever lock 52 (spring pin). When opening, only the two levers 41 of the "female" coupling 40 need to be opened, and the counterpart is released from the coupling 40. The same is done on the opposite side of the hose, and the hose connection, for example, between the coarse dust cyclone 22 and the associated dust container 21 or the fine dust cyclone 25, is easily separated. The two ring-shaped receptacles 42 for the operating aids 43 are designed so that the operator can insert their index finger into them, thus making it easier to open the levers 41.This also serves as a secure storage location for the lever lock 52 (spring clip). If the hose accidentally slips out of the operator's hand and falls to the floor, no more pipe sleeves will bend, no more hose clamps will break, and no more threads will be damaged.

[0043] The joint milling or cutting device F according to the invention is described in further detail below. Device F, in particular, features a 23 hp gasoline injection engine 7. To ensure a longer service life of the combustion engine 7, the coarse dust pre-filter 26 is installed in the air intake tract of the combustion engine 7 in addition to the existing air filter. This ensures that the coarse dust particles are captured in the coarse dust pre-filter 26, thus relieving the load on the air filter (fine filter) of the combustion engine 7.

[0044] This combustion engine 7 is primarily used to accelerate the cutting shaft at a ratio of 1:1.7 to approximately 6000 rpm. This speed is required to achieve good cutting results with the carbide milling disc, preferably a diamond disc (not shown in the drawing). In particular, with the diamond milling disc, a special brazing alloy improves the heat transfer from the cutting diamond to the tool body, resulting in a longer service life for the discs. St52-3, for example, is used as the carrier material for the diamond milling discs. Diamond segments are attached to the front face. These segments are welded to the asphalt using a TIG copper / tin welding rod due to their excellent heat dissipation.

[0045] The combustion engine 7 also drives the vacuum fan 30 via a V-belt. This fan 30 is required to generate the vacuum for suction in both cyclones and ensures that the cutting dust is sucked off the diamond wheel. To increase the vacuum (suction pressure), a side channel blower (with an exhaust opening) can be used instead of a vacuum fan 30. This increases the vacuum of conventional systems from 0.15 bar to up to 0.4 bar, resulting in a significantly higher suction power in conjunction with the protective hood 46.

[0046] From the protective hood 46, which is mounted above the diamond wheel and which, thanks to the horsehair brush 50, reaches close to the (road) surface, the dust is sucked into the coarse dust cyclone 22. The horsehair brush 50 (for a tight seal between the asphalt and the protective cover) can be easily replaced by the operator using a locking system. Furthermore, the protective hood 46 can be automatically lowered over the diamond-shaped milling disc by means of the control electronics, preferably a program-controlled processor, of the joint milling or cutting device F according to the invention. The operator only needs to set the desired height of the protective hood 46 once; the desired adjustment is then made automatically each time.

[0047] During operation, the milling dust is sucked at high speed into the coarse dust vortex cyclone 22, where it hits a 5 mm thick V2A plate that prevents the cyclone from grinding through too quickly. The dust is then transported downwards in the vortex current into the dust container / coarse dust bucket 21, with the coarse dust particles remaining in the dust container 21, while the finer particles are drawn into the fine dust cyclone 25 by the prevailing negative pressure, where they also hit a 2 mm thick V2A wear plate. The finer particles stick to the fine filter and some fall to the base of the fine filter. In practice, the dust container / coarse dust bucket 21 must be emptied after every 80 m of joint, and the filter in the fine dust cyclone 25 should be tapped out every 160 m to 240 m. Care must be taken to tap out gently so that the filter fleece is not damaged.The fan hose / hose connector is connected to the fine filter cover of the fine dust cyclone 25. All hose connections are designed with the locking system described above. When the coarse dust bin 21 is full, the fill level sensor 24 emits an acoustic signal, for example, at 105 dB. This signal ceases as soon as the coarse dust bin 21 is removed from the holder and emptied.

[0048] The combustion engine 7 has a third task: it supplies the battery with sufficient current. The 16A charging coil ensures sufficient power supply.

[0049] The battery, especially the 12V / 35Ah battery, is responsible for starting the combustion engine 7. Once the combustion engine 7 has been started, its most important task is to provide sufficient electrical energy for the drive. The drive is therefore dependent on the electrical energy available from the battery. To start the drive, the ignition on the combustion engine 7 must be switched on. Switch 4 on the control lever must then be switched on, and potentiometer 2 must be set to the "0" position. If the operator now presses the deadman's switch 5 with one hand, which also serves as a safety device for the operator, they can easily turn potentiometer 2 with the other hand until the machine reaches the desired speed. The optimal cutting speed is achieved when the machine generates an acceleration of approximately 3-4 m / min.The operator can read this on the speed indicator display. This speed information is important for keeping the tool, especially a diamond-shaped milling disc, in good working order. If the cutting speed is set too high without control, the diamond disc will wear out much faster. Since this represents a high cost factor, an odometer 11a (see ) is preferably used. Fig. 12 ) and a distance indicator 11 (see Fig. 10 ) is installed. Next to it is the digital operating hour counter 12. This means that the operator always has one hand free for the required settings and changes to the joint milling or cutting device F according to the invention, thus achieving optimal one-handed operation.

[0050] The drive is preferably powered by a 24V brushed DC gear motor 6, with outputs of 14 Nm or 27 Nm available. This provides 100% traction and eliminates slippage problems. Both motors therefore have sufficient power to effortlessly climb gradients of more than 10%. A magnetic clutch 10 is used to easily push the machine even when idling, to generate a slip-free power connection to the drive wheel 2a, and to provide a parking brake. This magnetic clutch 10 has sufficient power to act as a parking brake when the combustion engine 7 has been switched off. Furthermore, the magnetic clutch 10 acts as a blocking brake if the operator releases the deadman switch 5, for whatever reason. The circuit is wired so that this deadman switch 5 automatically interrupts the current flow to the brushed DC gear motor 6.

[0051] The odometer 11a is mounted inside the rubber-wrapped drive wheel 2a. This location was deliberately hidden to prevent external mechanical damage.

[0052] In order to always have the necessary control of the joint milling or cutting device F according to the invention when working on hills or when moving it, the hydraulic disc brake 1a was installed. This disc brake 1a is also capable of securely holding the device F on inclines and thus also functions as a mechanical parking brake. Here, a locking lever is applied using the actuating lever 1, and thus the device F is just as secure as with the electric parking brake / magnetic clutch 10, but has the advantage that no power is required. This is advantageous if the joint milling or cutting device F is left unattended for an extended period and the accumulator / battery could fail, thus de-energizing the magnetic clutch 10 and causing the device F to roll uncontrollably.

[0053] To ensure the safety of the operating personnel, LED flashing lights 15 are installed on four sides, ensuring maximum safety in the work area and are approved according to ECE standards. These LED flashing lights 15 can be switched on and off as needed. The switch 17 for this purpose is installed on the control and display device 23, as is the emergency / stop button 13.

[0054] To ensure constant accessibility to the operator of the joint milling or cutting device F according to the invention, but also for operator communication, the USB charging socket 14 is installed. The operator can easily charge their cell phone here, thus always having sufficient battery power; providing security even in the event of an emergency. The power supply to the components of the joint milling or cutting device F according to the invention, in particular the electric motor 6 (with gearbox), the ignition of the combustion engine 7, the magnetic clutch 10, the operating and display device 23, the USB charging socket 14, the LED flashing lights 15, the odometer 11a, the odometer display 11, the digital operating hour meter 12, the charge control 18, the engine oil control 19 of the combustion engine 7, the fill level sensor 24, and the control electronics / processor, is provided via flexible electrical cables connected to the accumulator / battery.

[0055] In summary, when operating the joint milling or cutting device F according to the invention, the user carries out the following procedural steps: a) electrically starting the combustion engine 7, b) adjusting the speed of the combustion engine 7 using the hand throttle potentiometer 16, c) checking whether the potentiometer 2 for the milling speed is set to zero, d) operating the deadman's switch 5, turning the potentiometer 2 and checking on the display whether the desired milling speed has been reached, e) operating the switch 4 for the drive of the drive wheel 2a, and f) to stop milling, releasing the deadman's switch 5, which switches off the electric motor 6 and the magnetic clutch 10 acts as a blocking brake, so that one-handed operation of the joint milling or cutting device F is realized. If the hydraulic disc brake 1a has been applied, it must be released using the operating lever 1 before starting the driving operation.

[0056] Key technical data and advantages of the device according to the invention are: 1. Electric drive with one-hand operation. 2. The maneuverable chassis allows for precise cutting of asphalt cracks. 3. Powerful suction. 4. The speed can be continuously adjusted via a rotary potentiometer. 5. Highly visible visor on the protective hood for precise alignment of the joint. 6. Integrated flashlight to reduce work accidents and ensure greater operator safety. 7. Intuitive brake. 8. Manually operated emergency stop switch.

[0057] The invention is not limited to the illustrated and described embodiments, but is only limited by the patent claims.

[0058] The joint milling or cutting device F according to the invention enables efficient and rapid road repairs in road construction with a significantly longer tool life. Compared to the state of the art, dry cutting does not generate any dust or environmental pollution from fine dust, and road surfaces with gradients of more than 10% can be milled without support and without slippage. List of reference symbols:

[0059] F Joint milling or cutting device 1 Operating lever of the hydraulic disc brake 1a 1a Hydraulic disc brake (brake) 2 Potentiometer (milling speed) 2a Drive wheel with rubber band 3 Swivel joint for the drive 4 Switch (operating lever) for the travel drive 5 Dead man's switch (travel drive off, magnetic clutch still energized) 6 Electric motor with gearbox 7 Combustion engine 8 Wheel with rubber band 9 Wheel made of aluminum (solid material) 10 Magnetic clutch 11 Odometer 11a Odometer 12 Operating hour meter,Digital 13 Emergency / Off button 14 USB charging socket 15 LED flashing lights 16 Hand throttle potentiometer for speed (combustion engine 7) 17 On / Off switch (flashing lights 15) 18 Charging control 19 Engine oil control (combustion engine 7) 21 Dust container (coarse dust bucket) 22 Coarse dust vortex cyclone 23 Operating and display device 24 Fill level sensor 25 Fine dust cyclone with internal fine filter 26 Coarse dust pre-filter 27 Depth adjustment tool (diamond wheel) 28 Guide rod 29 Steering rod 30 Vacuum fan 31 Bearing block 32 Fan shaft 33 Blade fan 34 Intake nozzle (PVC) 35 Cone (aluminum) 36 Spacers 40 Coupling (female) 41 Lever 42Holder (ring-shaped for operating aid 43) 43Operating aid (and holder for lever lock 52) 44Connector (male) 45Battery isolator / main switch 46Protective cover 47Spring-loaded safety device 48Polyurethane roller 49M8 screws for depth stop 50Horsehair brush 51Sight (for optical alignment on the joint) 52Lever lock,

Claims

1. Joint milling or cutting device (F) with motor-driven milling disc or cutting blade and self-propelled drive for dry cutting in surfaces with: - a two-part, three-track chassis, the front part having a drive wheel (2a) and the rear part having two wheels (8, 9) arranged coaxially and at a distance from one another on an axle, - an internal combustion engine (7) arranged in the rear part above the axle of the wheels (8, 9), - an electric motor with a gearbox (6) connected to an accumulator, - a magnetic coupling (10) which is coupled to the electric motor (6) and the drive wheel (2a), and - a guide rod (28) extending approximately vertically above the drive wheel (2a), which guide rod carries at its free end a horizontally extending handlebar (29) with two handles and an actuating lever (1) for a hydraulic disc brake (1a) and a dead man's switch (5) attached thereto.

2. Joint milling or cutting device according to claim 1, characterized in that the front part is connected to the rear part of the chassis via a horizontally pivoting swivel joint (3).

3. Joint milling or cutting device according to one or more of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that the joint milling or cutting device (F) has a cyclone separation device comprising a coarse dust vortex cyclone (22) with an associated dust container (21) and a fine dust cyclone (25) with an internal fine filter and that the combustion engine (7) drives a vacuum fan (30).

4. Joint milling or cutting device according to one or more of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that a coarse dust pre-filter (26) is arranged in the air intake tract of the internal combustion engine (7) to its air filter.

5. Joint milling or cutting device according to one or more of claims 1 to 4, characterized in thatthe joint milling or cutting device (F) has an accumulator and the combustion engine (7) charges it by means of a charging coil.

6. Joint milling or cutting device according to one or more of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the handlebar (29) carries an operating device on which a potentiometer (2) for adjusting the milling speed is arranged and that the joint milling or cutting device has an operating and display device (23) arranged on the rear part of the chassis with a display for displaying the speed.

7. Joint milling or cutting device according to one or more of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that an odometer (11a) is arranged on the drive wheel (2a) and that the operating and display device (23) has a distance display (11).

8. Joint milling or cutting device according to one or more of claims 6 to 7, characterized in thatthe operating and display device (23) has an operating hours counter (12), an EMERGENCY / OFF button (13), a USB charging socket (14), LED flashing lights (15), a charging control light (18), an engine oil control light (19), an on / off switch (17) for the flashing lights (16) and a hand throttle potentiometer (16) for the speed of the combustion engine (7).

9. Joint milling or cutting device according to one or more of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that a manually operable depth adjustment (27) for a milling disc designed as a diamond disc is arranged on the rear part of the chassis.

10. Joint milling or cutting device according to one or more of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that a fill level sensor (24) is arranged on the dust container (21).

11. Joint milling or cutting device according to one or more of claims 1 to 10, characterized in thatcontrol electronics connected to the magnetic coupling (10) are provided for slowly starting and braking the drive wheel (2a).

12. Joint milling or cutting device according to one or more of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that this has a brake (1a) and a hand-operated operating lever (1) therefor.

13. Joint milling or cutting device according to one or more of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that this has a protective hood (46) and a visor (51) arranged on the protective hood (46).

14. Method for controlling a joint milling or cutting device (F) with an internal combustion engine (7), an electric motor (6) connected to a rechargeable battery, a magnetic coupling (10), a handlebar (29) and a drive wheel (2a) fastened to the handlebar (29) according to claim 1, in which the user performs the following method steps: a) electrically starting the internal combustion engine (7), b) setting the speed of the internal combustion engine (7) by means of a hand throttle potentiometer (16), c) reading whether a potentiometer (2) for the milling speed is at zero, d) actuating a deadman's switch (5), turning the potentiometer (2) and reading on a display whether the desired milling speed has been reached, e) actuating a switch (4) for the travel drive of the drive wheel (2a) and f) releasing the deadman's switch (5) to end the Milling, whereby the electric motor (6) is switched off and the magnetic clutch (10) acts as a blocking brake, such thatthat one-handed operation of the joint milling or cutting device (F) is possible., 15. Method according to claim 14, characterized by the method step e1) that the user releases a brake (1a) by means of an actuating lever (1).

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