Device for renovating reinforcement of suspended earthbeds

Abstract

Device (10) for the rehabilitable reinforcement of slopes made of soil with reinforced earth (11), comprising a facing shell (1) made of a grid or mesh material that can be filled with a backfill, soil, or bulk material, with at least one holder (2) for the facing shell (1) that can be fixed in the reinforced earth (11), in particular in the form of a lost formwork made of iron mats provided at the rear of the facing shell (1), wherein a filling material (3) can be introduced or filled into a receiving space (12) between the reinforced earth (11) and the facing shell (1), wherein the device (10) is characterized in that the holder (2) has an anchoring device (20) for an adjustable in the holding position and, if necessary, also detachable mounting of the facing shell (1), which has a ground anchor (4) introduced into the reinforced earth (11) and / or existing soil,a spacer (5) provided at the free end of the ground anchor (4) with the possibility of adjusting its effective length, as well as a clamp (6) connected to the spacer (5) and detachably attachable to the facing shell (1) for clamping and fixing the facing shell (1).

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to a device for the rehabilitable reinforcement of soil slopes with reinforced earth, in which a facing shell made of grid or mesh material is attached to the outer face of the slope. Such devices for stabilizing reinforced earth are provided with grid-shaped facing shells into which a backfill, for example, made of coarse aggregate or gravel, is introduced in order to securely consolidate even steeper slopes on structures such as roads, railway lines, etc., against the risk of slope slippage. Such structures provided with reinforced earth are known in various forms in the prior art.

[0002] For example, it has been proposed to integrate the facing shells into the reinforced soil of the slope with so-called deadman anchors during the construction of the reinforced soil and to fix them firmly in place. The facing shells are provided with an anchor with a deadman system during the construction of the reinforced soil, at the free end of which the subsequently applied facing shell can then be fixed before filling with coarse aggregate. However, such anchoring systems with deadman anchors for reinforced soil secured with facing shells have the disadvantage that they do not offer any variability in adjusting the distance between the anchor and the attached facing shells. Furthermore, retrofitting of such devices with facing shells fixed to deadman anchors is not possible, since the barbs of the deadman anchors inserted into the soil cannot be inserted into existing soil from the outside without excavating the soil.However, structures constructed in this way are susceptible to wear and tear over time: The backfill of coarse aggregate placed at the rear can sink with the underlying soil, and hollow spaces can form. Over time, corrosion can also often damage the facing shells. In this case, the structure with such reinforced earth must be extensively renovated by completely removing it and reinstalling the structure with the facing shell. Therefore, it is not easy to undertake any necessary renovation of such structures at a later date.

[0003] On the other hand, in the prior art, such structures for structures with reinforced soil were subsequently renovated with new facing shells, which were additionally attached to the existing structure from the outside. The newly attached facing shells were fastened using relatively short anchor rods, which were suspended from the iron mats in the reinforced soil, which were applied as permanent formwork for the reinforced soil. However, the iron mats serving as permanent formwork in the soil of such structures are not themselves durable in the long term and will rot over time due to corrosion. The facing shells filled with coarse aggregate are then no longer securely fastened or anchored in the soil. Such systems are therefore structurally relatively critical and do not allow for the safe and long-term renovation of such structures or slopes with reinforced soil.

[0004] Against this background, it is the object of the present invention to provide a device for the rehabilitable reinforcement of slopes or structures with reinforced earth, which is more flexible in assembly, attachment and subsequent repair and in particular enables a long-term and permanently solid rehabilitation of such structures with reinforced earth and facing shells, even later with little effort.

[0005] This object is achieved by a device having the features of claim 1. Advantageous embodiments and further developments of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims.

[0006] According to the invention, as stated in claim 1, a device for the rehabilitable reinforcement of slopes made of soil with reinforced earth is proposed, comprising a facing shell made of a grid or mesh material that can be filled with a backfill, soil or bulk material, with at least one holder for the facing shell that can be fixed in the reinforced earth, in particular in the form of a lost formwork made of iron mats provided at the rear of the facing shell, wherein a filling material can be introduced or filled into a receiving space between the reinforced earth and the facing shell, wherein the device is characterized in that the holder has an anchoring device for an assembly of the facing shell that can be adjusted in the holding position and, if necessary, also detachable again, which has a ground anchor introduced into the reinforced earth and / or existing soil,a spacer provided at the free end of the ground anchor with the possibility of adjusting its effective length, as well as a clamp connected to the spacer and detachably attachable to the facing shell for clamping and securing the facing shell. Thus, the mounting or fixing element for the facing shells filled with coarse aggregate, gravel, or similar, which are attached as the front end of such reinforced earthworks on sloping structures, no longer serves as a simple mounting in the form of a dead anchor inserted during the construction of the reinforced earthwork or a short retaining clip on the metal mats of the permanent formwork in the ground. Rather, a specific new anchoring device is proposed according to the invention,which can be inserted and securely fixed into the existing material of the reinforced earth and the underlying soil both during the initial construction of the reinforced earth and subsequently without great effort for the purposes of rehabilitation or readjustment.

[0007] The anchoring device is adjustable in its holding position, meaning the fixing point of the facing shells can be varied. For this purpose, a length-adjustable spacer is provided, separate from the ground anchor installed deeper in the ground. Furthermore, the facing shells are removably mounted using clamps and / or spacers. This allows dismantling for renovation purposes, even from the outside of installed structures. It is not necessary to remove the entire facing shell with its filling. Either the clamps can be loosened, or both the clamps and the spacers can be replaced, loosened, or readjusted using their adjustable features.

[0008] The anchoring device according to the invention is constructed from at least three basic elements: a ground anchor inserted into the ground or reinforced soil, a spacer provided at the free end of the ground anchor and releasably attached there, with the ability to adjust the effective length, and a clamping element or clamp attached to the spacer, which serves to clamp and releasably fix the facing shells to the anchoring device. This advantageously decouples the anchoring and fixing functions of the device.

[0009] In this way, the device can be used to create a subsequently adjustable fastening of the facing shell to the reinforced earth of buildings. The device can also be effectively used retrospectively for the purpose of renovating, for example, a rotten facing shell. The ground anchors, which preferably have a relatively thin cylindrical cross-section, can also be subsequently screwed through the filling of the facing shells into the soil behind them or the reinforced earth of the building and then provided with corresponding spacers and the clamp of the anchoring device provided on the free end. For example, such anchoring devices according to the invention can be mounted at several points on a facing shell that is subsequently attached from the outside to an existing building, so that subsequent, secure and long-term or evenPermanently durable repairs of such structures with reinforced earth can be achieved relatively easily with little effort and thus low construction costs. The combination of a ground anchor inserted into the ground, which can be inserted, for example, by simply drilling in, and a detachably mounted spacer has the advantage that even different distances and unwanted indentations or bulges of the facing shells on the structures can be compensated for. After adjusting the effective length of the spacers on the ground anchors, which are firmly fixed in the ground and extend far back, the clamps are then attached to the spacer according to the anchoring device according to the invention.

[0010] The clamps then securely fix the grid-shaped facing shells with a clamping effect, for example by screwing clamp arms or clamp lugs. The clamps are designed in such a way that retrofitting and attaching such facing shells to structures with reinforced soil is also possible, even through the grid. A clamp is understood here as a part that engages the facing shell from two sides and can create a clamping hold on the facing shell bars. Unlike facing shells fixed with short clamps or dead anchors, this allows for easy retrofitting, removal, or readjustment by screwing the spacer into the ground anchor and screwing the clamp together.The advantages of the device according to the invention are therefore manifold and, in addition to significant cost savings, also have the technically advantageous effect that even later on, in the case of rotted elements in the structure of the reinforced earth, such as the metal mats of lost formwork for the structure of the reinforced earth, a secure and permanent fixation of the facing shells filled with coarse aggregate is possible.

[0011] According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the clamp, which serves to fix the facing shell to the spacer and thus indirectly to the ground anchor, has a shape that can be screwed on from the front of the device, i.e. from the outside of the structure, and has two clamping tabs or clamping arms adapted to the spacing of a grid of the facing shell. The clamp thus encompasses the wires of a grid of the facing shell in one of the grid holes from the front and back and, after screwing in the provided assembly screw elements, clamps the facing shell securely and firmly in place. Assembly and disassembly are thus carried out by simply screwing from the outside, i.e. the front of the structure provided with reinforced earth. Subsequent readjustment or disassembly is therefore easy to accomplish.This also makes it easy to add a new facing layer to existing structures, for example, to repair damaged areas of the entire structure at specific locations. This allows for easy, cost-effective, and highly efficient rehabilitation of such structures with reinforced soil. It also allows for more flexible installation of facing layers for structures with reinforced soil, even during the initial construction, as the distance between the clamp and the underlying soil can be adjusted using the spacer, and fixation is achieved by simply attaching the clamp to the free end of the anchoring device.For example, when several such anchoring devices are attached to a facing shell, the facing shells are securely fixed due to the clamping tabs that clamp around the bars from the front and back, which are dimensioned in such a way that they are adapted to the diameter of the bars of the facing shell.

[0012] According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the clamp has a shape and dimensions for insertion through a grid opening or grid opening of the facing shell, with subsequent fixation to the grid bars of the facing shell, in particular by twisting or tilting clamping elements or clamping tabs. Particularly for the subsequent installation of such anchoring devices on existing structures with facing shells for renovation purposes, the clamps can thus be partially inserted through the grid opening of the facing shell grid by twisting their orientation after the ground anchor and spacer have been attached, so that a clamping tab engaging from the rear with a clamping tab attached from the front is possible for a clamped, firm fixation of the facing shell at this point.The dimensions and shape of the grid and the clamp are adapted to each other in such a way that they are coordinated with the corresponding dimensions: If, for example, there is a grid opening in the grid of the facing shell with a rectangular shape, the clamp can be pushed through by turning it 90° and then turned back 90° during assembly into the assembly position for screwing and clamping the anchoring device.

[0013] According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the spacer has a threaded rod, the distance from the free end of the ground anchor being adjustable by means of a screw connection thereto. Such a threaded rod allows a clamp to be easily screwed onto the spacer. In addition, the threaded rod allows easy adjustment of the effective distance between the clamp's fixing point and the ground anchor. The threaded rod can simply be screwed into the designated screw connection or the screw hole in the ground anchor. The spacer is therefore also relatively thin and does not require major intervention in, for example, existing structures in which subsequent fixing is necessary, for example for renovation or the subsequent fixing of facing shells.

[0014] According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the clamp has a screw nut with an internal thread and a plug-in section for two clamping elements or clamping tabs that can be screwed together. With this type of clamp, the grille of the facing shell can be held in place from both the back and the front by screwing the two clamping tabs together. The clamping tabs can, for example, be formed with through holes and can be plugged onto the plug-in section of the screw nut and possibly a counter-stop of the clamp. The screw nut itself, with its internal thread, can be easily screwed onto the spacer, which can, for example, be implemented in the form of a threaded rod of the desired length.This creates an effective clamp with compact external dimensions using just a few individual components, allowing for subsequent adjustment, disassembly, and reassembly, as well as long-term and secure fixation during initial installation. The clamp can be easily attached and installed from the outside, even with filled facings.

[0015] According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the clamp is provided with a receiving space between two clamping elements or clamping tabs corresponding to a dimension of the grid of the facing shell or the wires (diameter) of the facing shell. Depending on the thickness of the grid bars of the facing shell, the receiving space between the clamping tabs is thus formed in such a way that, when the clamp is directly screwed to the spacer, they achieve a clamping effect and a firm, secure fixation of the facing shell.

[0016] According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the ground anchor has a rod-shaped form with a substantially uniform cylindrical cross-section and an at least partially provided internal thread. The internal thread at least at the rear end of the ground anchor allows a spacer to be screwed directly into the ground anchor without additional components and adjusted to the distance required to adjust the retaining position of the facing shell. The rod-shaped, substantially cylindrical form of the ground anchor has the advantage that it can be dimensioned quite thinly and thus can be subsequently screwed into existing soil and reinforced soil without significant impairment.

[0017] Unlike conical ground anchors, this does not cause any significant displacement of the surrounding soil, yet still provides secure anchoring of the anchoring device's bracket to the ground anchor, providing high holding forces. The essentially cylindrical ground anchor can be made of solid material or as a hollow element, preferably made of metal. On its outer circumference, the ground anchor preferably has a profile in the form of a screw thread, a partial fluting following a screw thread, or similar. These measures can achieve an even higher holding force, even for a single ground anchor. For fixing and installation or subsequent attachment during the rehabilitation of reinforced soils, the facing shells can also be provided with several individual ground anchors at different points, depending on the requirements for holding forces and strength.The ground anchors are relatively narrow and comparatively lightweight. They nevertheless offer a high retention force, which can be achieved even in existing structures with reinforced soils.

[0018] According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the ground anchor has an external thread or, at least in sections, a thread-shaped knurling and, at the rear end, a holding section for attaching a drill or other mounting device. The essentially cylindrical ground anchor, which has a constant cross-section, is provided, for example, at the rear end with a holding section not provided with an external thread, in a round shape or in the form of a hexagonal element, in which a bore with an internal thread is provided for attaching a spacer, for example in the form of a threaded rod. This holding section without an external thread serves for attaching a drill or other mounting device, which can be detachably attached using, for example, the hexagon for screwing into the ground with a corresponding quick-clamping device or the like.In this way, easy, rapid installation of such ground anchors for the anchoring device according to the invention is possible without special machines or additional elements. The external thread can be implemented in the form of a continuous, spiral external thread for drilling in the ground anchor. Alternatively, a partially protruding knurling corresponding to a spiral thread shape can also be present on the outside. The ground anchor itself can be made either from solid material or from a hollow body, depending on the diameters or dimensions of the ground anchors used. At its front end, which is intended for penetration into the reinforced soil, the ground anchor can also be realized with a conical tip for easier application and precise positioning as well as easier penetration during drilling.

[0019] According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, a flat retention means, in particular a fleece, is provided between the reinforced soil and the receiving space of the facing shell. The fleece serves to retain the underlying soil or the reinforced soil, thus ensuring a certain degree of soil retention before the facing shell is filled with the filler material or coarse stone. Such a fleece is preferably permeable to water and serves only to retain fine-grained, smaller soil material and sand. This facilitates the attachment and installation of the device.

[0020] According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the bracket with the ground anchor is mounted substantially perpendicular to a front side or longitudinal direction of the facing shell. The ground anchors are thus not screwed horizontally into the underlying soil and the reinforced earth, but rather at a slightly downward angle, essentially relative to the existing slope of the hill to which the facing shells of the device are to be attached. This allows for improved force transmission and even more structurally secure fixation with the ground anchors, even with fewer individual elements than before.The force absorbed by the slightly angled drilling of the ground anchors into the ground creates a highly stable fastening that will remain in place over the long term, regardless of whether the lost formwork behind it, in the form of metal mats or similar, rots over time, for example within ten to fifteen years.

[0021] According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the spacer of the device is an elongated, rod-shaped element extending along the longitudinal axis of the ground anchor, wherein its effective length, namely the length of the spacer, is adjustable by the way it is attached to the ground anchor. Thus, the length of the spacer can be adjusted to suit different circumstances or, for example, for subsequent tensioning of a facing shell at individual points. According to this embodiment, the length of the spacers, i.e., their effective total length projecting from the free end of the ground anchor, is adjustable by the way they are attached. The spacers thus function as a detachable assembly independent of the ground anchor itself and simultaneously include an adjustment option for setting the spacing for corresponding facing shells.Together with the additional optional adjustment option of the clamp at the end of the spacers, this provides multiple variable adjustment options for such devices. The spacers, like the elongated ground anchors, can be easily inserted into existing soil and do not require the complete removal of an installed facing shell with its respective filling, for example, when repairing the device. Spacers of different lengths can also be used, for example by using threaded rods or threaded pipe elements, in order to adapt the length to specific conditions. One method of attachment to the ground anchor itself could be a screw connection with adapted internal / external threads.Another possible form of attachment between the spacer and the ground anchor can also be a plug connection with holes and split pins or other possible embodiments of connections of elongated elements known to those skilled in the art.

[0022] According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the spacer and the ground anchor are tubes or rods that can be coupled to one another by screwing, each with a matching internal / external thread. This design allows for the use of simple and easily replaceable elements for the spacer, which are provided with an internal or external thread depending on the shape of the connecting element on the ground anchor. By simply screwing in, the spacers can be installed and their effective length can be variably adjusted. This also allows for easy subsequent removal of ground anchors that are firmly anchored in the ground. The spacers can therefore be replaced and their length readjusted if necessary without the need to insert new ground anchors into the ground.

[0023] Further features, aspects, and advantages of the present invention will become apparent hereinafter from the following more detailed description of several embodiments of the invention, which is given in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the drawings: Fig. 1 is a plan view of a first embodiment of a device according to the invention for reinforcing slopes with several facing shells mounted side by side and one above the other; Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view according to AA of the embodiment of the device according to the invention according to Fig. 1 ; Fig. 3 is a perspective detailed view of an embodiment of the device according to the invention with regard to the anchoring device in the assembled state; Fig. 4 is a perspective view of a further embodiment of a device according to the invention for reinforcing slopes to illustrate the assembly of the anchoring devices on the facing shells; Figs. 5a and 5b are a plan view and a cross-sectional view according to AA of an embodiment with regard to the detail of a clamp for the anchoring device according to an embodiment of the device according to the invention; and Figs. 6a and 6b are a perspective view and a plan view of an embodiment of a clamp according to the invention as a detail of the anchoring device according to the invention for the device in various stages of assembly and installation of the clamping tabs.

[0024] In the Fig. 1 and the Fig. 2 is a first embodiment of a device 10 according to the invention for reinforcing structures with reinforced earth 11 in a cross-sectional view ( Fig. 2 ) and a top view ( Fig. 1 ) in the assembled state of the device 10. The device 10 comprises at least one facing shell 1, into whose receiving space 12 a filling material 3 in the form of, for example, a stone-like bulk material or coarse crushed stone is introduced, for the fixation and reinforcement of a slope behind it with loose soil of reinforced earth 11 on a building. Such devices 10 for the reinforcement of reinforced earth 11 are normally installed directly during the construction of the reinforced earth 11 with several layers of soil and permanent formwork in the form of iron mats or similar and are firmly and permanently anchored to the rear in the ground, for example with so-called dead anchors. The firm fixation of the facing shells 1 is a critical feature, and it must be ensured that such devices 10 securely fix the structures with reinforced earth 11 over the long term, over several years or even decades.

[0025] The device 10 according to the invention serves both for the rehabilitation of such structures with reinforced soil 11 and for the fixation of the facing shells 1 during the initial installation of the devices 10. It is provided with a special anchoring device 20, which allows for a secure and long-term fixation of the facing shells 1 to the structures with reinforced soil 11 and a subsequent, easy rehabilitation of such structures if necessary. The anchoring device 20 can be installed alone or optionally in addition to a conventional support 2 of such structures with reinforced soil 11 in the form of iron mats, fleece mats, or the like.The permanent formwork 13 installed at the rear in the ground beneath the various layers of reinforced earth 11 is realized, for example, in the form of iron mats, which can also be used for the initial fixation of the facing shells 1 by means of relatively short clamps that only span the receiving space 12. However, this type of conventional support 2 has proven insufficient in some cases if, over time, the support 2 rots or rusts due to the permanent formwork 13, which can then lead to the facing shells 1 becoming detached. Therefore, the invention provides a novel anchoring device 20, which serves for the long-term, secure support and fixation of the facing shells 1 by means of a ground anchor 4 in the underlying soil or the reinforced earth 11.

[0026] This anchoring device 20 is shown in a perspective view in the Fig. 3 shown in detail to illustrate the main components: The individual facing shells 1 (cf. Fig. 1 und 2 ), which are formed, for example, from a wire mesh with vertical or horizontal wires and a fixed grid pattern, are described as in the Fig. 1 shown in a plan view, are mounted side by side on the outside of the building with reinforced soil. For this purpose, anchoring devices 20 according to the invention are preferably attached to several points of the facing shells 1 - in the embodiment of the Fig. 1 and the Fig. 2 There are five anchoring devices 20, namely at the respective corners and in the middle of each of the facing shells 1. The anchoring device 20 comprises a cylindrical and rod-shaped ground anchor 4 with a substantially uniform cross-section, which is screwed into the soil of the reinforced earth 11 using a hammer drill or a similar tool. The ground anchor 4 has a thread 8 or a spiral-shaped knurling following a thread on its outside. A conical tip 14 is provided at the front end of the ground anchor 4, which allows easier insertion and drilling into the soil of the reinforced earth 11. For the assembly of the ground anchor 4, it has a holding section 7 at its rear end. The holding section 7 can, for example, be provided as a hexagonal element that can be clamped using a conventional chuck of a hammer drill.In this example, the holding section 7 and / or the cylindrical body of the ground anchor 4 also includes an internal bore with an internal thread corresponding to the dimensions of a spacer 5, which is adjustably screwed into the rear end of the ground anchor 4 as a simple threaded rod. The spacer 5 also serves to advantageously decouple the anchoring in the ground of the reinforced earth 11 and the holding elements for the facing shell 2, namely a clamp 6, which is attached to the free end of the anchoring device 20 for fixing the facing shells 1 (cf. ). Fig. 3 ).

[0027] The Fig. 4 shows a perspective view of an embodiment of a device 10 according to the invention for reinforcing steep slopes or structures with reinforced earth 11 in an assembled state, but without the underlying soil. Fig. 5a, 5b a detail of an embodiment of the device 10 according to the invention, namely the clamp 6 of the holder 2, is shown in a plan view and in a cross-sectional view. Fig. 6a und 6b a perspective view and a front view with a partially twisted clamping tab 6.2 of the clamp 6 of the embodiment of the invention are shown to illustrate the mounting of the clamp 6 on the horizontal and vertical grid bars of a grid of a facing shell 1 according to the invention.

[0028] In the perspective view of the Fig. 4 The five anchoring devices 20 installed here are illustrated mounted on the facing shell 1 of the device 10 according to the inventive example of this embodiment: The anchoring devices 20, each with at least one ground anchor 4, a spacer 5, and a clamp 6 facing the front, are shown mounted on the facing shell 1. At each of the four corners of the facing shell 1 and in the center of the facing shell 1, the clamps 6 are clamped to the adjacent vertical bars of the grid of the facing shell 1. The rearward-facing ground anchors 4 are each used to insert or drill into the soil of the building with reinforced soil 11 (cf. Fig. 2 ) and have at their front end a spacer 5 screwed into a holding section 7. The spacer 5 is also in this embodiment as in that of the Fig. 3 a simple threaded rod of variable length. The spacer 5 is then connected at its free end to the clamp 6 via a screw nut 6.3. The clamp 6 comprises, in addition to the screw nut 6.3, tab-like or plate-shaped clamping tabs 6.1, 6.2 or clamping elements, which are attached to a plug-in section 6.4 of the screw nut 6.3 and serve to clamp the bars of the facing shell 1 (cf. Fig. 4 und Fig. 5b or 6a).

[0029] As in the detailed views in the top view, the Fig. 5a , the cross-sectional view of the Fig. 5b and the perspective view of the Fig. 6a and the assembly preparation position in Fig. 6b As shown, in the embodiment of the device 10 according to the invention illustrated here, the clamp 6 is equipped with two clamping lugs 6.1, 6.2 made of metal plates that are screwed together to clamp against each other. One clamping lug 6.1 is provided here as a rectangular plate section with a central bore, while the second clamping lug 6.2 attached to it has a hood-shaped form with sections bent at right angles at the ends of the rectangular element, which clampingly engage over the grid bars of the facing shell 1 in the assembled state in cooperation with the first clamping lug 6.1. For this purpose, the clamp 6 in this embodiment of the invention has a screw nut 6.3, which is inserted through the central through-holes of the clamping lugs 6.1, 6.2, with a slip-on section 6.4 provided for this purpose. At the outer end, the screw nut 6.3 has a hexagonal screw structure, with which it can be screwed onto the spacer 5 using a conventional wrench during assembly. The screw nut 6.3 also has an extension at the free end, so that it has a substantially hat-shaped cross-section in order to be able to exert a clamping effect between the two clamping tabs 6.1, 6.2 on the lattice bars of the facing shell 1 (cf. . Fig. 5b und Fig. 4 ). When screwing the screw nut 6.3 with the internal thread 6.5 onto the spacer 5, which is provided here as a simple threaded rod, the clamp 6 is then firmly screwed onto the vertical bars of the grid of the facing shell 1 after turning the two clamping tabs 6.1, 6.2 (cf. Fig. 6b und Fig. 4 ).

[0030] The device 10 according to the invention thus enables a very effective and cost-effective installation of such devices for reinforced earth 10 on structures, both with regard to the initial installation and with regard to the subsequent rehabilitation of damaged elements in such structures, either individually or over large areas. The device 10 according to the invention offers considerable advantages over conventional devices of this type, since, with the relatively thin and delicate elements such as the anchoring device 10 with the cylindrical, rod-shaped ground anchor 4, it can also be easily drilled into existing structures at a later date. The attachment and secure fixing of facing shells 1 is possible over the long term, and even after rotting of, for example, metal mats of permanent formwork 13, which serve to construct the reinforced earth 11, the device 10 according to the invention is still securely fixed to the facing shells 1 via the clamps 6.The introduction of rubble or bulk material in the form of coarse stone material is thus easily possible behind the facing shells 1, and yet a subsequent fixation at individual points or a subsequent renovation of such facing shells 1 on such structures with reinforced earth 11 is also possible.

[0031] The invention also has the advantage of virtually decoupling the fastening of the facing shell 1 and the anchoring in the rear soil of the reinforced earth 11 due to the spacers 5, which are provided separately from the ground anchor 4. The spacers 5 are simply inserted and mounted into the pre-screwed ground anchors 4, for example in the form of threaded rods screwed therein, without this limiting the invention as defined in the claims. The clamps 6 are subsequently attached to the spacers 5 and can have various shapes, including those different from those shown in the figures of the exemplary embodiments.The clamps 6 serve for clamping and have a shape with which the secure fixing of the facing shells 1 can be carried out by simple attachment from the outside, for example by screwing, before the bulk material or filling material 3 is introduced into the receiving space 12 of the facing shells 1.

[0032] The anchoring devices 20 according to the invention have a shape that causes little displacement of the surrounding soil when inserted into the reinforced soil 11. This allows for subsequent rehabilitation through a fill material 3 and the underlying soil without the need for complex dismantling or modification of the structures. The advantages of the invention are therefore numerous, both in terms of technical handling, assembly, and disassembly, as well as in terms of cost efficiency and the need for subsequent rehabilitation of various structural elements. Bezugszeichenliste

[0033] 1Facing shell 2Bracket 3Filling material 4Ground anchor 5Spacer 6Clamp 6.1Clamping lug 6.2Clamping lug 6.3Screw nut 6.4Sliding section 6.5Internal thread 7Holding section for assembly machine or drill 8Thread or ribbing 9Fleece 10Reinforcement device 11Reinforced soil 12Facing shell receiving space 13Lost formwork or iron mats 14Conical tip 20Anchoring device

Claims

1. Device (10) for the rehabilitable reinforcement of slopes made of soil with reinforced earth (11) with a facing shell (1) made of a grid or mesh material that can be filled with a backfill, soil or bulk material, with at least one holder (2) of the facing shell (1) that can be fixed in the reinforced earth (11), in particular in the form of a lost formwork made of iron mats or fleece mats provided at the rear of the facing shell (1), wherein a filling material (3) can be introduced or filled into a receiving space (12) between the reinforced earth (11) and the facing shell (1), characterized in thatthe holder (2) has an anchoring device (20) for an adjustable in the holding position and, if necessary, also detachable mounting of the facing shell (1), which comprises a ground anchor (4) introduced into the reinforced earth (11) and / or existing earth, a spacer (5) provided at the free end of the ground anchor (4) with the possibility of adjusting its effective length and a clamp (6) connected to the spacer (5) and detachably attachable to the facing shell (1) for a clamping holder and fixing of the facing shell (1).

2. Device (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that the clamp (6) has a shape which can be screwed from the front side of the device (10) and has two clamping tabs (6.1, 6.2) which are adapted to the distance of a grid of the facing shell (1).

3. Device (10) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in thatthe clamp (6) has a shape and dimensions for insertion through a grid opening with subsequent fixing possibility to grid bars of the facing shell (1), in particular by twisting clamping elements or the clamping tabs (6.1, 6.2).

4. Device (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the spacer (5) has a threaded rod which can be adjusted in distance to the free end of the ground anchor (4) by means of a screw connection thereto.

5. Device (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the clamp (6) has a screw nut (6.3) with an internal thread and a plug-on section (6.4) for two clamping elements or clamping tabs (6.1, 6.2) that can be screwed together.

6. Device (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in thatthe clamp (6) is provided with a receiving space (6.5) between two clamping elements or clamping tabs (6.1, 6.2) corresponding to a dimension of the grid of the facing shell (1).

7. Device (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the ground anchor (4) has a rod-like shape with a substantially constant cylindrical cross-section and an at least partial internal thread.

8. Device (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the ground anchor (4) has an external thread (8) and a holding section (7) at the rear end for the attachment of a drilling machine or mounting device.

9. Device (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a flat retaining means, in particular a fleece (9), is provided between reinforced earth (11) and the receiving space (12) of the facing shell (1).

10. Device (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in thatthe bracket (2) with the ground anchor (4) is mounted substantially at right angles to a front side of the facing shell (1).

11. Device (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the spacer (5) is an elongated, rod-shaped element in extension of the longitudinal axis of the ground anchor (4), wherein its effective length is adjustable by the form of attachment to the ground anchor (4).

12. Device (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the spacer (5) and the ground anchor (4) are pipes or rods with respective internal / external threads that can be coupled to one another by screwing.

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