Apparatus and method for artificially ageing blocks

Abstract

The invention relates to an apparatus for artificially ageing blocks, in particular concrete blocks, vitrified bricks and natural stones, with the following features: an underlying surface (2), on which the blocks (1) can be placed in such a way that the surface thereof to be worked (1a) and the adjoining edges (1b) are exposed; a retaining device (4), arranged above the underlying surface (2) and having a plurality of retaining elements (6), on which, for the purpose of working the surfaces (1a) and the adjoining edges (1b) of the blocks (1), the distressing bodies (3) are movably fastened in such a way that the fastening allows a movement of the distressing bodies (3) within a defined range relative to the surface (1a) of the blocks (1); a vibration device (5), to make the underlying surface (2) on which the blocks (1) are resting vibrate in order for the blocks (1) resting on the underlying surface (2) and the distressing bodies (3) to be set in motion in relation to one another in such a way that the distressing bodies (3) act on the surface (1a) and the adjoining edges (1b) of the blocks. The apparatus has at least a first oscillation device (9) and a second oscillation device (10). The oscillation devices (9, 10) each have at least one push rod (11), the one end of which is connected to the retaining device (4) and the other end of which is fixed to a suspension device (12) arranged above the retaining device (4).

Description

[0001] Device and method for artificial aging of stones

[0002] This application claims priority from German patent application No. 10 2022 127 281.8, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.

[0003] The invention relates to a device for the artificial ageing of stones, in particular concrete blocks, brick clinkers and natural stones according to the preamble of claim 1. The present invention also relates to a method for the artificial ageing of stones according to the preamble of claim 21.

[0004] A generic device for aging is known from EP 1 893 391 B1.

[0005] Stones, such as paving elements, facade elements, sand-lime bricks, concrete blocks, bricks or clinker bricks, natural stones and the like, regardless of their material properties, are often subjected to post-treatment in order to lose their artificial appearance.

[0006] Freshly manufactured, set concrete blocks, especially concrete paving stones, are particularly often subjected to this type of post-treatment, during which the surfaces and / or edges are chipped or broken to match their appearance to natural stone. For this purpose, the concrete blocks are placed in large numbers in a rotating drum and "rumbled" there, whereby the surfaces and edges of the blocks strike each other, and the treated blocks leave the drum in an "aged" state. Such a device is known from DE-OS 29 22 393.

[0007] When treating concrete blocks in a rotary drum, surfaces and edges are also treated that are not even visible in a paving slab, for example, when using aged blocks. This results in unnecessary waste of energy and time. Furthermore, the treated concrete blocks leaving the rotary drum must be placed in a regular arrangement on a pallet for shipping, which requires an unreasonably high amount of labor and time.

[0008] State-of-the-art sorting systems are known for sorting stones that align the stones accordingly and arrange them in pallets. Such sorting systems incur high acquisition and operating costs and also require a corresponding amount of space.

[0009] DE 3621 276 C2 discloses a method in which concrete blocks are applied in a single layer in a regular arrangement to a slab-shaped base. Subsequently, the exposed surface and the adjacent exposed edges, or essentially only the edges of the concrete blocks, are irregularly struck using a vibrating tapping or percussion device.

[0010] This process eliminates the need for a subsequent sorting device, as the production layout remains unchanged. Before being processed by the tapping or impact devices, the stones are pushed together and aligned on the table-shaped base so that the stones lie tightly together and no gaps remain between them. The impact tools of the impact device are mounted on a movable carriage, which guides them over the surfaces of the stones, ensuring that the exposed surfaces and the upper edges of the stones are struck by the impact tools.

[0011] A disadvantage of this process, however, is that the stones aged in this way appear artificially processed and not naturally aged. The ideal edge break of the stones, such as that produced by rumbling the stones in a rotating drum, cannot be achieved by applying the process according to DE 36 21 276 C2.

[0012] DE 20 2004 020 206 discloses a device for artificially aging stones. The stones are placed on a support—preferably in their production position—so that the surfaces to be treated and the adjacent edges of the stones are exposed. Freely movable metal impact bodies are then applied to the surface to be treated by means of a magnet. A vibration device causes the support on which the stones rest to vibrate. This causes the stones and the impact bodies to move relative to each other in such a way that the impact bodies act on the surfaces and the exposed edges of the stones.

[0013] The device known from DE 20 2004 020 206 enables rapid and effective aging of the top surface of the stones and the adjacent, exposed edges. The impact bodies randomly strike the surfaces of the stones, thus striking them irregularly, creating an appearance that resembles that of a naturally aged stone.

[0014] After the aging process, the metal impact bodies are lifted from the surface of the stones again by the magnet, which is brought closer to the stones. The stone layer can be removed and a new layer added. The disadvantage is that the magnet used is expensive. Another disadvantage is that the process of depositing and retrieving the impact bodies with the magnet creates corresponding downtime, which leads to longer cycle times.

[0015] A particularly advantageous device and method for artificially aging stones is known from the generic document EP 1 893 391 B1. This generic document further developed the method and device according to DE 20 2004 020 206. It is provided that a mounting device with a plurality of mounting elements is arranged above the base on which the stones are placed. Impact bodies are movably attached to the mounting elements for processing the surfaces and adjacent edges of the stones in such a way that the attachment allows movement of the impact bodies within a defined range relative to the surface of the stones.Just as in DE 20 2004 020 206, a vibration device is provided to set the base on which the stones rest in motion, in order to set the stones resting on the base and the impact bodies in motion relative to each other in such a way that the impact bodies act on the surface and the adjacent edges of the stones, thus artificially aging the stones. To improve the aging process and to ensure that the stones appear naturally aged, the generic document proposes that the holding elements oscillate during the striking action of the impact bodies on the stones in order to support irregular impacts on the stones by the impact bodies. An oscillating movement of the holding elements is provided in such a way that the holding elements are moved axially back and forth.To achieve an oscillating movement of the support elements, an eccentric bearing or a randomly controlled pneumatic cylinder is proposed.

[0016] The device and method disclosed in the generic document enable a cost-effective and rapid aging of the stones in such a way that the stones acquire an appearance that is reminiscent of or close to a naturally aged stone.

[0017] The present invention is based on the object of further improving the device and the method for artificially aging stones known from the generic document, in particular of developing a device and a method which enables particularly cost-effective and rapid aging of stones, so that the stones acquire an appearance which corresponds as closely as possible to that of a naturally aged stone.

[0018] This object is achieved according to the invention by the device according to claim 1.

[0019] This object is also achieved according to the invention by the method according to claim 21.

[0020] The device according to the invention for artificially aging stones, in particular concrete blocks, brick clinkers, and natural stones, comprises a base onto which the stones can be placed in such a way that their surface to be processed and the adjacent edges are exposed. Furthermore, the device according to the invention comprises a mounting device arranged above the base with a plurality of mounting elements to which impact bodies are movably mounted for processing the surfaces and adjacent edges of the stones. The mounting allows movement of the impact bodies within a defined range relative to the surface of the stones.The device according to the invention further comprises a vibration device for causing the base on which the stones rest to vibrate in order to set the stones resting on the base and the impact bodies in motion relative to one another in such a way that the impact bodies act on the surface and the adjacent edges of the stones.

[0021] According to the invention, at least one first oscillation device and one second oscillation device are provided, wherein the oscillation devices each have at least one push rod, one end of which is connected to the holding device and the other end of which is fixed to a suspension device arranged above the holding device, wherein the first oscillation device causes a first oscillating movement of the holding device along a first oscillation axis and the second oscillation device causes a second oscillating movement of the holding device along a second oscillation axis, wherein the oscillation axes run at an angle of 90° to one another and wherein at least one of the oscillation devices additionally alternately moves the holding device away from the surface of the stones and closer again.

[0022] It has been shown that by providing a first oscillation device that generates a first oscillation movement along a first oscillation axis, and a second oscillation device that generates a second oscillation movement along a second oscillation axis, a particularly advantageous aging pattern for the stones can be created, thereby also accelerating the aging process. Oscillation along two oscillation axes extending at an angle of 90° to each other has proven even more advantageous than the device and method according to the generic document, in which oscillation is proposed such that the holding elements are moved axially back and forth.

[0023] According to the invention, it is additionally provided that at least one of the oscillation devices additionally alternately moves the mounting device away from the surface of the stones and brings it closer to the surface of the stones. The (slight) lifting movement thus performed by the mounting device also causes the impact bodies attached to the mounting device to perform a (slight) lifting movement. The impact bodies are thus set in motion not only by the vibration of the stones striking the impact bodies from below (due to the vibration of the base on which the stones rest), but also by the fact that the mounting device, on which the impact bodies are arranged, is itself alternately raised and lowered.

[0024] It has been shown that this lifting movement, in conjunction with the specific oscillation movement along the first and second oscillation axes, achieves a particularly advantageous irregularity in the action of the impact bodies on the surface and edges of the stones.

[0025] By means of the method and the device according to the invention, an aging pattern can be produced which corresponds to that of the rotating drum without having to accept the disadvantages of the rotating drum.

[0026] It has proven particularly advantageous if both oscillation devices are designed in such a way that they alternately move the holding device away from the surface of the stones and bring it closer again.

[0027] It should be noted that the definition according to the invention, namely that the first oscillation device causes a first oscillating movement of the support device along the first oscillation axis, does not preclude the first oscillation device from additionally generating an alternating movement such that the support device is moved away from the surface of the stones and then closer to it again. The movements can overlap or be triggered by a corresponding movement of the lifting rod.

[0028] The same applies to the second oscillation device.

[0029] It is advantageous if the first and second oscillation devices are arranged or act on the holding device in such a way that the first oscillation axis, along which the holding device oscillates, runs parallel to the feed direction with which the stones are transported through the device or through the aging area of ​​the device. The second oscillation axis, along which the holding device is moved due to the second oscillation device, preferably runs transversely or orthogonally to the feed direction of the stones.

[0030] Within the context of the definition of the first oscillation movement, with reference to the oscillation of the mounting direction, a movement along the first oscillation axis is to be understood. It can therefore preferably be a movement both in and against the feed direction of the stones, since oscillation ultimately leads to a back-and-forth movement. Accordingly, the second oscillation movement is also to be understood as a back-and-forth movement along the second oscillation axis, thus preferably a back-and-forth movement orthogonal to the feed direction of the stones.

[0031] The mounting device to which the impact bodies are attached will generally have the shape of a rectangle, viewed from above, with, in particular, two long sides and two transverse sides, which together form a frame. The mounting device preferably has a long axis running parallel to the direction of advance of the stones and a transverse axis running orthogonal to the direction of advance of the stones. The mounting elements from which the impact bodies are suspended preferably run parallel to the transverse axis of the mounting device.

[0032] The first oscillation axis thus preferably runs parallel to the feed direction or parallel to a longitudinal axis of the device or parallel to a longitudinal axis of the holding device.

[0033] The second oscillation axis thus preferably runs transversely or orthogonally to the feed direction and plane-parallel to the plane in which the impact bodies or the stones to be aged are arranged. The second oscillation axis preferably runs parallel to a transverse axis of the device or parallel to a transverse axis of the mounting device or parallel to the mounting elements of the mounting device.

[0034] According to the invention, the first oscillation axis and the second oscillation axis can extend substantially in a plane that is plane-parallel to the plane in which the impact bodies are arranged. This results in a particularly advantageous effect of the impact bodies on the surface and the adjacent edges of the stones. The two oscillation axes preferably also extend in a plane that is plane-parallel to a plane spanning the mounting device or plane-parallel to a plane in which the impact bodies are arranged, in particular plane-parallel to a plane formed by the ends of the impact bodies facing the stones.

[0035] According to the invention, it can further be provided that the push rod of the first oscillation device and / or the push rod of the second oscillation device is fixed eccentrically to a drive device of the suspension device.

[0036] A push rod eccentrically mounted on a drive device has proven particularly suitable for transmitting the oscillating movements, particularly due to the high stresses on the components during operation. The drive device is part of the suspension device and is preferably detachably connected to it.

[0037] It is advantageous if the first oscillation device has two push rods, each of which is eccentrically fixed to a common drive device.

[0038] For transmitting the oscillating motion along the first oscillation axis, it has proven particularly suitable to provide two push rods attached to a common drive mechanism. In principle, the use of two (or more) push rods would be possible, each of which could also be attached to its own drive mechanism. However, it has proven particularly suitable for the process if two push rods are attached to a common drive mechanism.

[0039] It is advantageous if a shaft of the drive device extends transversely to the feed direction of the stones, wherein a control disc is fixed to each end of the shaft of the drive device, to which one of the two push rods is fixed eccentrically.

[0040] This configuration has proven particularly suitable for transmitting the first oscillating movement to the mounting device. The shaft of the drive device preferably runs parallel to the second oscillation axis.

[0041] It is advantageous if the end of the push rod provided for transmitting the first oscillating movement, which end is connected to the holding device, is fixed to a longitudinal side of the holding device, preferably centrally on the longitudinal side of the holding device with respect to the longitudinal axis of the longitudinal side.

[0042] It has proven particularly suitable to fix the push rod, which serves to transmit the first oscillating movement, to one long side of the mounting device. It is particularly advantageous if the first oscillation device has two push rods and each of the push rods is fixed to one of the two long sides of the mounting device. Preferably, the ends of the respective push rod are fixed to the respective long sides of the mounting device in such a way that an (imaginary) straight line connecting the two ends runs parallel to the second oscillation axis. Preferably, the ends of the two push rods, which are fixed to the respective long sides of the mounting device, are arranged in a mirror-image manner.

[0043] According to the invention, it can further be provided that the second oscillation device has a push rod which extends transversely to the feed direction of the stones, wherein the end of the push rod connected to the holding device is fixed to a fastening element of the holding device, which is located above a position at which the push rod or the push rods of the first oscillation device are fixed to the holding device.

[0044] Tests have shown that such a fixation allows for a particularly advantageous oscillating movement along both the first oscillation axis and the second oscillation axis. Furthermore, the arrangement has proven to be particularly robust.

[0045] The push rods are preferably connected to the support device and / or the suspension device or the drive device via a joint so that the oscillation can be compensated without damaging the fastening elements.

[0046] According to the invention, it can further be provided that a suction device is provided which has at least one suction unit with a plurality of suction elements which are positioned in spaces between the impact bodies, in particular in spaces which are located in front of and / or behind the impact bodies in the feed direction of the stones.

[0047] It has proven particularly suitable to provide a suction system whose suction elements are positioned in the spaces between the impact bodies. It has proven particularly suitable to position the suction elements in the spaces that are located in front of and / or behind the impact bodies, as viewed in the direction of advance of the stones.

[0048] It should be noted that an extraction device has proven particularly suitable, even independently of the oscillation device, especially for minimizing dust exposure. The applicant therefore reserves the right to file a divisional application claiming protection for an extraction device, independent of the oscillation device.

[0049] The divisional application can, in particular, claim protection for a device and a corresponding method for the artificial aging of stones, as described below. A device for the artificial aging of stones, in particular concrete blocks, clinker bricks, and natural stones, having the following features: a base onto which the stones can be placed in such a way that their surface to be processed and the adjacent edges are exposed; a holding device arranged above the base with a plurality of holding elements to which impact bodies are movably attached for processing the surfaces and adjacent edges of the stones in such a way that the attachment allows movement of the impact bodies within a defined range relative to the surface of the stones;a vibration device for vibrating the base on which the stones rest, in order to set the stones resting on the base and the impact bodies in motion relative to one another in such a way that the impact bodies act on the surface and the adjacent edges of the stones, wherein a suction device is provided which has at least one suction unit with a plurality of suction elements which are positioned in spaces between the impact bodies, in particular in spaces which are located in front of and / or behind the impact bodies in the feed direction of the stones;

[0050] Advantageous embodiments and divisional applications result from the further features of the present application, in particular the further features of the suction device, but also from all other features, in particular also the oscillation device.

[0051] The following and above statements are to be understood in such a way that they can refer to the present invention as well as to the second invention "suction device" and the third invention "flexible suspension elements".

[0052] It is advantageous if the holding elements are designed as holding rods which are arranged one behind the other in the feed direction of the stones and each extend transversely or orthogonally to the feed direction of the stones, wherein a plurality of impact bodies are arranged, preferably suspended, on each holding rod.

[0053] It has proven particularly suitable for the support elements to be designed as support rods. The support rods can preferably have a circular cross-section; the support rods can also preferably be designed as tubes, i.e., with an annular cross-section. The term "rods" in this context encompasses both a solid material and a tube.

[0054] The holding device with the holding elements, which are preferably designed as holding rods, forms a plane within which the impact bodies can be arranged, preferably suspended. The holding device preferably has twenty to forty, in particular twenty-two to thirty-five, particularly preferably twenty-five to thirty, holding rods, on each of which a row of impact bodies is arranged, preferably suspended. The device according to the invention preferably has two suction units. It can be provided that one suction unit suctions the first half of the device, which is located at the front in the feed direction of the stones, and the second suction unit suctions the second half of the device, which is located at the rear in the feed direction, i.e. that the first suction unit is assigned to the first half of the plurality of holding rods and the second suction unit is assigned to the second half of the plurality of holding rods.

[0055] It is advantageous if the suction unit has a plurality of suction arms which extend parallel to the support rods and to each of which a plurality of suction elements are connected, wherein the suction elements extend from the respective suction arm into at least some of the spaces formed between two adjacent rows of impact bodies each arranged on the support rods.

[0056] A design of the extraction units with a plurality of extraction arms extending parallel to the support rods has proven particularly advantageous. The extraction arms preferably extend in front of or behind one of the support rods, as viewed in the direction of advance of the stones, such that extraction elements penetrate the spaces between two rows of impact bodies, each arranged on a support rod, from the extraction arms, preferably orthogonally in the direction toward the stones.

[0057] The suction elements are preferably designed such that a suction opening of the suction elements is directed toward the surface of the stones. The suction elements preferably end at a distance from the surface of the stones such that they are not struck by the vibrating stones, i.e., the impact bodies extend further downward toward the surface of the stones than the ends of the suction elements.

[0058] Within the scope of the invention, it can be provided that at least one suction element is arranged in each intermediate space between two holding rods. Preferably, a plurality of suction elements are positioned in each intermediate space, preferably in such a way that they cover the length of the intermediate space, i.e. its extent, transversely to the feed direction of the stones as evenly as possible. It has proven particularly suitable if a suction arm runs above each intermediate space in which the suction elements are to be positioned. In this case, it can preferably be provided that three to nine, preferably four to eight, in particular five to seven, suction arms are arranged on each suction arm. The suction arms are preferably arranged in a line that preferably runs orthogonal to the feed direction of the stones.

[0059] It has proven suitable within the scope of the invention if suction elements are not arranged in every space between two support rods. However, it has proven advantageous if a suction arm is positioned adjacent to a plurality of, preferably adjacent to each, support rod, preferably either before or after a support rod. This makes it possible to reduce the number of necessary suction elements accordingly. It has also been shown that it is not necessary for suction elements to be arranged adjacent to the first rows of impact bodies, i.e. the rows of impact bodies through which the stones pass first when passing through the aging area. Within the scope of the invention it can therefore be provided that no suction elements are positioned adjacent to at least the first two rows of impact bodies.

[0060] Within the scope of the invention, it can be provided that at least one suction element is positioned adjacent to a plurality of the support rods in a space between two support rods.

[0061] It is advantageous if each of the suction units has three to nine, preferably four to eight, in particular five or six, suction arms and wherein a central suction nozzle is provided, to which the suction arms are preferably connected by means of a central supply channel which extends in the feed direction of the stones.

[0062] A design of the extraction units such that they have the aforementioned number of extraction arms and each is provided with a central extraction nozzle, which preferably extends upwards from the extraction units toward the suspension device, has proven particularly suitable. The extraction nozzle is preferably arranged substantially centrally with respect to the plane spanned by the respective extraction unit.

[0063] According to the invention, it can further be provided that the holding device is suspended from the suspension device by means of a plurality of flexible suspension elements.

[0064] It has been shown within the scope of the invention that, with regard to the oscillation, but also with regard to the most irregular possible effect of the impact bodies on the surfaces and edges of the stones, it is particularly advantageous if the holding device is suspended from the suspension device by means of several flexible suspension elements.

[0065] Flexible suspension elements are understood to mean that the suspension elements enable an oscillating movement of the mounting device in a horizontal plane and, furthermore, a lifting movement of the mounting device is also possible or is not limited by the flexible suspension elements. Suspension using rigid rods, even if these have damping, results in an oscillation of the mounting device, and in particular a lifting of the mounting device caused by the impact bodies or a desired lifting movement of the mounting device, being directly transmitted to the suspension device. This is undesirable in this case, particularly with regard to the longevity of the device. Furthermore, it is desirable for the mounting device to be able to move within certain limits.It should be noted that the use of flexible suspension elements to suspend the mounting device from the suspension device also offers particular advantages independent of the oscillation device or the extraction device. The applicant therefore reserves the right to file a divisional application claiming protection for the flexible suspension elements, independent of the oscillation device or the extraction device.

[0066] The divisional application can claim protection for a device for the artificial ageing of stones, as shown below.

[0067] A device for the artificial aging of stones, in particular concrete blocks, clinker bricks, and natural stones, having the following features: a base onto which the stones can be placed such that their surface to be processed and the adjacent edges are exposed; a holding device arranged above the base with a plurality of holding elements to which impact bodies are movably attached for processing the surfaces and adjacent edges of the stones such that the attachment allows movement of the impact bodies within a defined range relative to the surface of the stones;a vibration device for vibrating the base on which the stones rest, in order to set the stones resting on the base and the impact bodies in motion relative to one another in such a way that the impact bodies act on the surface and the adjacent edges of the stones, wherein the holding device is suspended from the suspension device by means of a plurality of flexible suspension elements;

[0068] Advantageous embodiments for this divisional application result from the further features of the present application, in particular the further features of the flexible suspension elements, but also from all other features, in particular also the oscillation device and the suction device.

[0069] The following and above statements are to be understood in such a way that they can refer both to the present invention and to the third invention "flexible suspension elements".

[0070] According to the invention, it can further be provided that the holding device is suspended from the suspension device by means of at least four, preferably six or eight, flexible suspension elements.

[0071] It has proven particularly advantageous if the mounting device is suspended from the suspension device using six or eight flexible suspension elements. Preferably, the flexible suspension elements are attached to the two long sides of the mounting device and, accordingly, to the suspension device above the mounting device.

[0072] It is advantageous if the flexible suspension elements are chains, ropes, or straps. It has proven particularly suitable if the flexible suspension elements are designed as chains, especially with chain links made of metal, especially steel.

[0073] It is advantageous if the suspension device is height-adjustable relative to a support frame of the device.

[0074] By adjusting the height of the suspension device relative to the support frame or the device's frame, the distance between the lower end of the impactors and the base on which the stones rest can be easily adjusted, thus accommodating different stone heights. Furthermore, it is possible to influence the degree of aging, i.e., the strength of the impact of the impactors on the stones.

[0075] According to the invention, it can further be provided that at least two, preferably four, height adjustment units are provided, which connect the suspension device to an upper frame part of the support frame located above the suspension device in such a way that the suspension device can be adjusted in height by the height adjustment units, wherein the suspension device has guide elements, in particular guide rollers, which bear against vertical frame parts of the support frame in order to guide the suspension device during the height adjustment.

[0076] Height adjustment using height adjustment units, preferably four, has proven particularly suitable. These can preferably be spindle drives that can be operated manually or electrically.

[0077] It has also proven advantageous if the suspension device has rollers that can roll along vertical frame parts of the support frame during the height adjustment of the suspension device, so that the suspension device can be adjusted in a guided manner. The device according to the invention preferably has a support frame with four vertical frame parts or supports, wherein the suspension device has a corresponding number of guide rollers, so that preferably each corner of the suspension device rests against the respectively assigned vertical frame part with a guide roller or can roll there.

[0078] According to the invention, it can further be provided that a brushing device is provided which extends transversely to the feed direction of the stones and which is positioned such that the stones pass through the brushing device after the action of the impact bodies.

[0079] It has proven particularly advantageous to provide a brushing device that extends transversely to the direction of advance of the bricks and has a length that corresponds at least to the width of a layer of bricks to be aged, i.e., the extension of a row of bricks transversely to the direction of advance. It has been found to be advantageous if the brushing device is arranged at the end of the device, viewed in the direction of advance of the bricks, i.e., at the end at which the bricks are conveyed out of the ageing area.

[0080] The brushing device can be designed to clean and / or smooth the surface of the stones and / or to create a surface shine.

[0081] It is advantageous if the brushing device has a brush rotating about a longitudinal axis, wherein the longitudinal axis of the brush extends transversely to the feed direction, wherein the brush is height-adjustable and arranged such that the brush brushes the surface of the stones.

[0082] By designing the brushing device in such a way that it has a brush that rotates around a longitudinal axis, for example, a roller similar to those used in car washes, but preferably with correspondingly hard bristles, particularly effective cleaning of the surface and edges of stone residue and dust can be achieved. Preferably, the entire brushing device or just the brush is height-adjustable to accommodate different stone heights and / or to accommodate wear on the brush, especially its bristles.

[0083] It is advantageous if the brushing device has a suction system.

[0084] The design of the brushing device with an additional suction device, which preferably has a central suction connection, has proven to be particularly suitable.

[0085] It is advantageous if the brushing device has a swiveling mechanism that causes the brushing device to swivel out when the stones being fed in are higher than expected or when a predefined height is exceeded, e.g., when a stone has become stuck. The swiveling mechanism is preferably combined with an emergency shutdown that shuts down the device in this case.

[0086] According to the invention, it can further be provided that the impact bodies have a recess in order to suspend them from the holding elements, in particular the holding rods, wherein the recess extends from an upper end of the impact body in the longitudinal direction to a lower end facing the stones to be worked, wherein the recess extends over at least 50% of the length of the impact body and wherein the recess has an access opening in the region of the lower third of a rear wall of the impact body in order to insert the holding elements, in particular the holding rods. It has proven particularly suitable if the impact bodies have a comparatively long recess extending in the longitudinal direction of the impact bodies, which preferably ends shortly before the upper end of the impact bodies.In this case, it is preferably provided that an access opening is formed in the lower third of the rear wall of the impact body in order to be able to thread the impact body into the holding elements, in particular the holding rods. This design ensures that the impact bodies can execute a comparatively large stroke without there being any fear of the impact bodies becoming unhooked from the holding rod. In contrast to the prior art, which provided for the impact bodies to have an elongated hole, a design of the impact bodies with a recess and an access opening, in particular as described above, offers considerable advantages. On the one hand, the impact bodies can be connected to the holding rods more easily, namely through the access opening.On the other hand, unlike a slot, the lifting movement of the impact body is essentially not limited, in particular if the recess extends over at least 50% of the length of the impact body, ie its extension between the upper end of the impact body, where it is attached to one of the support rods, and the lower end of the impact body, which acts on the surface and the edges of the stones.

[0087] The recess in the impact body is preferably designed such that the recess has a width (extension between the front wall and the rear wall of the impact body or in the feed direction of the stones) that is greater than the diameter of the support rod or, in general, of the support element, so that the impact body is movable relative to the support rod in the feed direction and counter to the feed direction of the stones. Preferably, the recess has a width that is at least 10% greater than the diameter of the support rod, preferably 20% greater. The width of the recess is preferably 20% to 40% greater than the diameter of the support rod.

[0088] The present invention also relates to an advantageous method for artificially aging stones as specified in claim 21.

[0089] In the method according to the invention for the artificial aging of stones, in particular concrete blocks, bricks, clinkers and natural stones, it is provided that the stones are applied to a base in such a way that the surface of the stones to be worked and the adjacent edges are exposed, after which the surface of the stones to be worked is brought into contact with a plurality of impact bodies which are movable within a defined range relative to the surface of the stones by a movable attachment to a holding device arranged above the stones, and after which the stones are set in motion by vibration of the base in such a way that the impact bodies act on the surface and the adjacent edges of the stones.According to the invention, the holding device is moved in an oscillating manner in the feed direction of the stones and transversely to the feed direction of the stones while the impact bodies act on the stones and is additionally alternately moved away from the surface of the stones and approached again.

[0090] Using the method according to the invention, a particularly advantageous aging pattern can be created on the stones. This is achieved by oscillating the holding device not only in one direction, but in two directions. Additionally, the holding device is moved away from the surface of the stones and then closer again. It may be sufficient if the aging device is moved away from or raised by 0.5 cm to 10 cm, preferably 1 cm to 5 cm, in particular 1 cm to 3 cm, from the surface of the stones and then closer again.

[0091] The oscillating movement and the alternating lifting of the holding device can preferably be generated by two oscillation devices whose direction of action is offset by 90° to each other.

[0092] According to the invention, it can be provided that the holding device is suspended from a suspension device located above the holding device via flexible suspension elements, in particular chains.

[0093] Furthermore, according to the invention, it can be provided that push rods are provided for the oscillating and alternating movement of the holding device, one end of which is fixed to the holding device and the other end of which is fixed eccentrically to control discs of drive devices, wherein the drive devices are designed as part of the suspension device.

[0094] Preferably, the drive devices are detachably connected to the suspension device.

[0095] Furthermore, it can be provided according to the invention that the dust resulting from the action of the impact bodies on the surface and the adjacent edges of the stones is sucked away by a suction device which has a plurality of suction elements which are positioned in the spaces between the impact bodies, in particular in the spaces which are located in front of and / or behind the impact bodies in the feed direction, and whose suction openings are directed towards the surface of the stones.

[0096] It is also advantageous if, after the impact bodies have acted on the surface and the adjacent edges of the stones, the surface of the stones is brushed and / or smoothed and / or given a surface shine using a brushing device and preferably additionally vacuumed.

[0097] The device and method according to the invention are particularly suitable when the stones to be aged are transported through the aging area, i.e., beneath the impact bodies, by means of a conveyor device, in particular a conveyor belt. Alternatively, a feed rod can also be provided, for example. The conveyor device can push the stones to be aged continuously or discontinuously beneath the movably mounted impact bodies.

[0098] Continuous aging also refers to an interval in which the stones are pushed beneath the impact bodies with short interruptions of, for example, 3 to 15 seconds. The impact bodies have an aging effect on the stones due to the vibration of the stones. As already described, the movable and flexible mounting of the impact bodies ensures, on the one hand, that the stones impact unevenly and, on the other hand, prevents the impact bodies from moving with the stones. The impact bodies age the stones that are within their available range.

[0099] The range can be selected, for example, depending on the number of impact bodies, the number of stones and the throughput speed.

[0100] It has been found that even a relatively small area within which the impactors can move on the surface of the stones is sufficient. This prevents the impactors from penetrating the space between two stones (due to excessive mobility) and potentially becoming jammed there.

[0101] The aging effect can be varied by the number of rows of impactors the stones must pass through under the impact of the impactors. Furthermore, the severity of the aging is determined by the passage speed and the vibrations introduced.

[0102] By selecting a suitable number of rows of impact bodies, the device according to the invention can be easily integrated into the ongoing brick production process without this leading to a reduction in cycle time. The bricks can pass through the device according to the invention at the desired speed, with the desired aging effect being achieved by the number of rows of impact bodies. The impact bodies in one row can preferably be arranged offset from a preceding or subsequent row of impact bodies so that the surfaces of the bricks can be treated evenly. In principle, an unevenly aged appearance should arise, but this arises automatically due to the movable attachment of the impact bodies. A system-related (permanent) accumulation of impacts by the bricks within a certain area can be further reduced by an offset arrangement.In this regard, it may also be intended that the distance between the rows is different.

[0103] When designing the solution according to the invention with a continuously operating conveyor device, it is sufficient if at least the impact bodies of one row are arranged in such a way that their defined areas encompass the total width of the stones passing beneath the impact bodies.

[0104] In principle, just one row of impactors, or even a few rows of impactors, can be sufficient to age the stones. However, as practice has shown, this does not result in an optimal aging pattern and also requires a relatively low throughput rate. It is advantageous to use at least 20 rows of impactors, and preferably a maximum of 40 rows.

[0105] In an embodiment of the solution according to the invention, in which no continuously operating conveying device is provided, it can be provided that the impact bodies are fastened in such a way that the defined areas of the individual impact bodies together comprise at least the entire surface - preferably of the stones fed in layers.

[0106] In discontinuous ageing, the stones are fed to the area in which they are to be aged in layers or as a unit and are aged in one operation, i.e. the stones are not transported further until the ageing is finished.

[0107] In a variation of discontinuous ageing, several ageing stations can also be provided to which the stones are fed one after the other, whereby the stones, after they have passed through all ageing stations, are aged in the desired manner.

[0108] In contrast to discontinuous aging, continuous aging involves the stones being continuously transported in the feed direction, meaning that a single layer or unit of stones is not specifically fed to the aging station(s), but rather it is a continuous process. This can also be achieved by intermittently advancing the stones. The vibration process does not need to be interrupted for this purpose. The stones are left in their position (no advance) for a relatively short period of time, e.g., 3 to 15 seconds, preferably 5 seconds, and then transported a short distance further. In tests, this has produced a favorable aging pattern without any system-related accumulation.

[0109] It is advantageous if the impactors are positioned at a distance above the stones when at rest. This allows the stones to be transported beneath the impactors without scratching. A distance between the stones and the impactors is easily possible, especially with thick stones, as these can be aged with a high amplitude and thus be pushed upwards accordingly.

[0110] However, it can also be provided that the impact bodies rest on the surface in a resting state, thus eliminating the need to first overcome a distance. One, two, or more vibration units, particularly unbalance generators, can be provided to vibrate the base on which the stones rest. Reference is also made to EP 1 893 391 B1 and DE 20 2004 020 206.

[0111] Features described in connection with one of the subject matters of the invention, specifically the method and device according to the invention, can also be advantageously implemented for the other subject matters of the invention, especially for the second and third inventions. Likewise, advantages mentioned in connection with one of the subject matters of the invention can also be understood to apply to the other subject matters of the invention.

[0112] It should be noted that terms such as “first” or “second” etc. are used primarily for reasons of distinguishing between respective device or process features and are not necessarily intended to indicate that features are mutually dependent or related to one another.

[0113] In the following, embodiments of the invention are described in more detail with reference to the drawing.

[0114] The figures each show preferred embodiments in which individual features of the present invention are illustrated in combination with one another. Features of one embodiment can also be implemented independently of the other features of the same embodiment and can therefore be readily combined by a person skilled in the art to form further useful combinations and subcombinations with features of other embodiments.

[0115] In the figures, functionally identical elements are provided with the same reference numerals.

[0116] It shows:

[0117] Figure 1 is a view of a longitudinal side of the device according to the invention;

[0118] Figure 2 is a view of a transverse side or a view from the rear in the direction of passage of the device according to the invention according to Figure 1;

[0119] Figure 3 is a perspective view of the device according to the invention shown in Figure 1;

[0120] Figure 4 is an exemplary plan view of a production layer of stones which are applied to a base and are introduced into an aging area by means of a conveyor device, without a representation of the impact bodies arranged above;

[0121] Figure 5 is a perspective view of a front end of the device according to the invention, in the direction of advance of the stones, with a brushing device; Figure 6 is an enlarged view of the brushing device as shown in Figure 1;

[0122] Figure 7 is a perspective view of a holding device and a suction device;

[0123] Figure 8 is a detailed view of the extraction device according to Figure 6 with two extraction units;

[0124] Figure 9 is a side view of a particularly advantageous impact body; and

[0125] Figure 10 shows an exemplary arrangement of a series of impact bodies on a support element of the support device designed as a support rod.

[0126] According to the invention, any type of stone, for example, paving elements, facade elements, sand-lime bricks, concrete blocks, bricks or clinker bricks, or natural stones, can be aged regardless of their material properties. The following examples illustrate the aging of stones 1 formed as concrete blocks. However, the invention is, of course, not limited to this.

[0127] The production of concrete blocks 1, in particular concrete paving blocks, is well known, which is why it will not be discussed in detail below. The concrete blocks 1 generally leave the production plant in a single production layer, i.e., in an arrangement in which a plurality of concrete blocks 1 are arranged side by side in a single layer. Such production layers are illustrated by way of example in Figures 1 to 4.

[0128] As can be seen from Figures 1 to 4, the concrete blocks 1 are applied in a single layer in a regular arrangement on a base 2. The concrete blocks 1 are arranged in such a way that the edge 1 b to be machined or the surface 1 a to be machined (= usually the later visible side) of the block 1 is on top.

[0129] With regard to the general principle of ageing with impact bodies 3, reference is made to DE 20 2004 020 206 or EP 1 893 391 B1.

[0130] As can be seen from the figures, the surfaces 1a and the edges 1b of the stones 1 adjacent to the surfaces 1a are machined by impact bodies 3, which are movable within a defined range relative to the surface 1a of the stones 1. For this purpose, the impact bodies 3 are movably attached, arranged, or suspended on a support device 4 mounted above the base 2.

[0131] As can be seen from Figures 1 to 3, a vibration device 5 is provided below the base 2 in order to set the stones 1 and the impact bodies 3 in motion relative to one another in such a way that the impact bodies 3 act on the surfaces 1a and the exposed edges 1b of the stones 1. The vibration device 5, which can consist of several unbalance generators, for example, transmits the vibration movement directly or via further elements to the base 2 and from there acts on the stones 1 and the impact bodies 3. The base 2 can also represent the upper side of the vibration device 5, for example a vibration table. However, the base 2 can also represent a conveyor belt on which the stones 1 are placed. With regard to advantageous embodiments of this and the initiation of the vibration movement, reference is made to DE 20 2004 020 206 and EP 1 893 391 B1.

[0132] In the exemplary embodiment, two vibration units 5 or two unbalance generators are provided.

[0133] As can be seen from the figures, the impact bodies 3 are movable both - within a defined range - relative to the surface 1 a of the stones 1 and relative to each other.

[0134] The impact bodies 3 can be made of any material. In the exemplary embodiment, the impact bodies 3 are made of hard metal, metal, or steel. The shape of the impact bodies 3 can also be chosen arbitrarily, although it has proven advantageous to design the impact bodies 3 as spherical, annular, polygonal, cylindrical, or disc-shaped.

[0135] Figures 9 and 10 show a particularly advantageous embodiment of the impact bodies 3.

[0136] It has been found to be advantageous if the lower end of the impact bodies 3 facing the stones 1, viewed in the feed direction of the stones 1, has a radius or is rounded, in particular as shown in Figure 9.

[0137] As can be seen from a combination of Figures 1 to 3 and Figure 7, the holding device 4 extends plane-parallel to the surface 1 a of the stones 1 or plane-parallel to the base 2. The holding device 4 has a plurality of holding elements 6, each of which extends over the entire width of the stones 1 to be aged, ie transversely to the feed direction of the stones 1.

[0138] In the exemplary embodiment, the support elements 6 are designed as support rods with a preferably circular cross-section. Particularly preferably, the support rods 6 are designed as tubes, as shown in Figures 9 and 10.

[0139] In the exemplary embodiment, each impact body 3 is individually suspended from a holding rod 6. The impact bodies 3 preferably have a length, i.e. an extension from the holding rods 6 in the direction of the surface 1a of the stones 1, which is preferably 10 cm to 40 cm, in particular 15 cm to 35 cm. The width of the impact bodies 3 is preferably less than 50%, preferably less than 40%, of the length of the impact bodies 3. As shown in Figures 9 and 10, the impact bodies 3 are preferably designed such that they can be suspended from the holding rods 6. The impact bodies 3 have a recess 7 for this purpose. The recess 7 extends from an upper end of the impact body 3 in the longitudinal direction to a lower end facing the stones 1 to be worked, wherein the recess 7 extends over at least 50% of the length of the impact body 3.The recess 7 has an access opening 7a in the region of the lower third of a rear side of the impact body 3 in order to insert the support rod 6.

[0140] The rear side of the impact body 3 is understood to mean the side of the impact body 3 which is oriented rearward in the feed direction of the stones 1, ie which faces the area in which the stones 1 are introduced into the device.

[0141] In the exemplary embodiment, it is provided that the impact bodies 3 are arranged in such a way that the impact bodies 3 do not touch the surface 1a of the stones 1 to be processed when at rest.

[0142] In the exemplary embodiment, it is provided that the bricks 1 are conveyed by means of a conveyor device 8 beneath the impact bodies 3, i.e. they pass through the actual aging area. A large number of different conveyor devices 8 are known from the general prior art. For example, these can be belt, belt or chain conveyors or the like. In the exemplary embodiment, the conveyor device 8 is preferably designed as a conveyor belt which conveys the bricks 1 over the base 2, i.e. in the actual aging area, directly over the vibration table. In the exemplary embodiment, it is provided that the conveyor device 8 preferably pushes the bricks 1 continuously beneath the impact bodies 3. The throughput speed can be determined in connection with the overall production speed or the aging result to be achieved.

[0143] It can also be provided that the conveying device 8 merely pushes the stones 1 to be aged, for example an entire production layer, into the intended position and the stones 1 are not pushed forward during the aging process (discontinuous conveying).

[0144] A particularly suitable embodiment of the conveyor device 8 as a chain conveyor is shown in EP 1 893 391 B1, to which reference is hereby made.

[0145] A cycle time of 9 to 15 seconds for aging the stones 1 has proven particularly suitable. This means that the impact bodies 3 act on each stone 1 for 9 to 15 seconds.

[0146] For clarity, the stones are shown in the figures in a non-vibrating state. Due to the vibration introduced by the vibration device 5, the stones 1 and the impact bodies 3 strike each other during the aging process. The device and method according to the invention are also suitable for aging chipped or split stones, which generally have an uneven surface or are provided with elevations and depressions. The fracture surface of the stone faces the impact bodies 3.

[0147] As shown in the exemplary embodiment, the device according to the invention comprises a first oscillation device 9 and a second oscillation device 10. The oscillation devices 9, 10 can each have at least one push rod 11, one end of which is connected to the mounting device 4 and the other end of which is fixed to a suspension device 12 arranged above the mounting device 4.

[0148] The first oscillation device 9 causes a first oscillating movement of the holding device 4 along a first oscillation axis.

[0149] The second oscillation device 10 causes a second oscillating movement of the mounting device 4 along a second oscillation axis. The first and second oscillation axes extend at an angle of 90° to each other.

[0150] At least one of the two oscillation devices 9, 10 acts on the holding device 4 in such a way that the holding device 4 is additionally alternately moved away from the surface 1a of the stones 1 and brought closer again.

[0151] In the exemplary embodiment, both oscillation devices 9, 10 act on the holding device 4 in such a way that it is alternately moved away from the surface 1 a of the stones 1 and brought closer again.

[0152] The first and second oscillation devices 9, 10 cause the holding device 4 to be moved in an oscillating manner in the feed direction of the stones 1 and transversely to the feed direction of the stones 1 while the impact bodies 3 act on the stones 1, and additionally to be moved alternately away from and closer to the surface 1a of the stones 1.

[0153] The first oscillation axis extends parallel to the feed direction of the stones 1 through the device according to the invention or through the aging area. The second oscillation axis extends transversely to the feed direction of the stones 1 through the device or through the aging area.

[0154] In Figure 1, the feed direction of the stones 1 is indicated by the arrow x. In Figure 2, the double arrow y represents a direction transverse to the feed direction. The first oscillation axis extends parallel to the feed direction, which is indicated by the arrow x in Figure 1. Furthermore, the longitudinal axis of the device and the longitudinal axis of the holding device 4 also extend parallel to the direction of the arrow x in Figure 1.

[0155] The second oscillation axis runs orthogonally to the feed direction of the stones 1 and is plane-parallel to the plane in which the impact bodies 3 or the stones 1 to be aged are arranged. Thus, in the exemplary embodiment, the second oscillation axis runs parallel to the double arrow y. Furthermore, the transverse axis of the device or the transverse axis of the mounting device 4 also runs parallel to the double arrow y shown in Figure 2. The double arrow y also denotes the width direction of the device.

[0156] The first oscillating movement of the support device 4 causes the support device 4 to move back and forth along the first oscillation axis. The second oscillating movement of the support device 4 causes the support device 4 to move back and forth along the second oscillation axis.

[0157] The first oscillation axis and the second oscillation axis extend essentially in a plane that is plane-parallel to the plane in which the impact bodies 3 are arranged.

[0158] The push rods 11 of the first oscillation device 9 and the push rod 11 of the second oscillation device 10 are each eccentrically attached to drive devices 13. The drive devices 13 are part of the suspension device 12 and are preferably detachably connected thereto.

[0159] In the exemplary embodiment, it is preferably provided that the push rods 11 are connected to the mounting device 4 via a joint. Preferably, the end of the push rods 11, which is fixed to the drive device 13, is also provided with a joint, so that oscillation of the mounting device 4 does not damage the push rod 11 or the drive unit 13.

[0160] The first oscillation device 9 has two push rods 11, each of which is eccentrically fixed to a common rotating drive device 13.

[0161] In the first oscillation device 9, it is provided that a rotatable shaft 14 of the drive device 13 extends transversely to the feed direction of the stones 1, wherein at the ends of the shaft 14 of the drive device 13 a control disc 15 is fixed, to which one of the two push rods 11 of the first oscillation device 9 is fixed eccentrically.

[0162] It is provided that the end of the push rod 11, which is connected to the support device 4 and is intended to transmit the first oscillating movement, is fixed to a longitudinal side 4a of the support device 4. In the exemplary embodiment, it is provided that the end is preferably fixed centrally on the longitudinal side 4a of the support device 4, relative to the longitudinal axis of the longitudinal side 4a.

[0163] As shown in the exemplary embodiment, it can be provided that the longitudinal side 4a is designed in several parts. In the exemplary embodiment, as can be seen, for example, from Figure 7, it is provided that the longitudinal side 4a of the holding device 4 is designed essentially in three parts, wherein it is provided that two comparatively long base elements are provided at the beginning and end of the longitudinal side 4a, which are connected to one another via a connecting piece, which is also part of the longitudinal side 4a. A receptacle is provided on the connecting piece, to which one end of the push rod 11 can be secured.

[0164] In the exemplary embodiment, the second oscillation device 10 has only one push rod 11. The push rod 11 extends transversely to the feed direction of the stones 1. The end of the push rod 11 connected to the support device 4 is secured to a fastening element 16 of the support device 4, which is located above a position at which the push rods 11 of the first oscillation device 9 are secured to the support device 4.

[0165] In the exemplary embodiment, as can be seen in particular from Figure 7, the two intermediate pieces of the longitudinal side 4a are connected to one another by a cross strut 17, which runs transversely to the feed direction of the stones 1. The fastening element 16 for connecting the push rod 11 of the second oscillation device 10 is formed on this cross strut 17.

[0166] In the exemplary embodiment, a plurality of impact bodies 3 are suspended from each of the support rods 6, so that several rows of impact bodies 3 are formed by suspending them from the support rods 6. An exemplary row of impact bodies 3 is shown in Figure 10.

[0167] Furthermore, Figure 7 shows a particularly preferred embodiment of the mounting device with the mounting rods 6 or the rows of impact bodies 3 suspended thereon.

[0168] As can also be seen from Figure 7 and also, for example, from Figure 1, gaps are formed in front of and behind a row of impact bodies 3 or in front of and behind the support rods 6.

[0169] In the exemplary embodiment, a suction device 18 is provided, which has at least one suction unit 19. In the exemplary embodiment, as shown in Figures 7 and 8, two suction units 19 are provided. The suction units 19 each have a plurality of suction elements 20, which are positioned in the spaces between the impact bodies 3. As can be seen from a joint view of Figures 7 and 8, the suction elements 20 are positioned in the spaces that are located in front of and / or behind the rows of impact bodies 3 in the feed direction of the stones 1. To achieve this, the suction units 19 preferably have, as shown in Figures 7 and 8, a plurality of suction arms 21, which extend parallel to the support rods 6 and to which a plurality of the suction elements 20 are each connected.The suction elements 20 extend, starting from the respective suction arm 21, into at least part of the spaces between the rows of impact bodies 3. The suction elements 20 are thus located between two adjacent rows of impact bodies, each arranged on the support rods 6.

[0170] As can be seen from Figures 7 and 8, it is preferable if suction elements 20 are not arranged in every gap between two adjacent rows of impact bodies. It is sufficient if suction elements 20 extend into every second gap between two rows of impact bodies.

[0171] In the exemplary embodiment, it is shown that the suction units 19 have suction arms 21, on each of which a plurality of suction elements 20 are arranged, wherein the suction elements 20 of each suction arm 21 form a row.

[0172] The suction elements 20 are preferably designed and positioned such that their suction opening 20a is directed towards the surface 1a of the stones 1.

[0173] In the exemplary embodiment, the suction elements 20 are designed as suction tubes.

[0174] In the exemplary embodiment, it is provided that a row of suction arms 21 is positioned essentially in every second space between two rows of impact bodies 3.

[0175] As can be seen from the exemplary embodiment, it can be provided that each suction unit 19 preferably has six suction arms 21. Four to eight suction arms 21 have also proven advantageous. Thus, a total of twelve suction arms 21 are preferably provided for the suction device 18. Eight to sixteen suction arms 21 have also proven suitable here. In the exemplary embodiment, twenty-eight rows of impact bodies 3 are preferably provided, although twenty-two to thirty-six rows of impact bodies 3 are also suitable here. The eight to sixteen, in particular the twelve, suction arms 21 are positioned such that they penetrate into a corresponding number of spaces between the rows of impact bodies 3 or are positioned there.

[0176] The suction units 19 preferably each have a central suction nozzle 22, to which the suction arms 21 are connected, preferably by means of a central supply channel 23 extending in the feed direction of the stones 1. As can also be seen from Figures 1 to 3 and from Figure 6, the holding device 4 is suspended from the suspension device 12 by means of several flexible suspension elements 24. In the exemplary embodiment, four to eight, preferably six, flexible suspension elements 24 are provided. The flexible suspension elements are designed as chains 24 in the exemplary embodiment.

[0177] In the exemplary embodiment, the suspension device 12 is height-adjustable relative to a support frame 25 of the device.

[0178] In the exemplary embodiment, at least two, preferably three to eight, in particular four, height adjustment units 26 are provided, which connect the suspension device 12 to an upper frame part 27 of the support frame 25 located above the suspension device 12 in such a way that the suspension device 12 is height-adjustable by the height adjustment units 26.

[0179] In the exemplary embodiment, the height adjustment units 26 are designed as spindle drives.

[0180] The suspension device 12 has guide elements 28 that rest against vertical frame parts 29 of the support frame 25 to guide the suspension device 12 during height adjustment. In the exemplary embodiment, the guide elements 28 are designed as guide rollers.

[0181] As can be seen from Figures 1, 3, 5 and 6, the device shown in the exemplary embodiment preferably has a brushing device 30 which extends transversely to the feed direction of the stones 1 and which is positioned such that the stones 1 pass through the brushing device 30 after the action of the impact bodies 3, ie after the aging process has ended.

[0182] In the exemplary embodiment, the brushing device 30 is arranged at the exit of the aging area, i.e., at the end of the device according to the invention that is located at the front in the feed direction of the bricks 1. The brushing device 30 extends over a width that corresponds at least to the width of the bricks 1 to be aged, in particular to the width of a production layer or the extension of a row of bricks 1 (viewed transversely to the feed direction of the bricks 1). This is illustrated accordingly in Figures 3 and 5.

[0183] The brushing device 30 has a brush 32 rotating about a longitudinal axis 31. The longitudinal axis 31 of the brush 32 extends transversely to the feed direction of the stones 1. In the exemplary embodiment, the brush 32 is height-adjustable. In the working position, the brush 32 is arranged such that the brush 32 brushes the surface 1a of the stones 1.

[0184] In the exemplary embodiment, the brush 32 is designed as a roller.

[0185] The brush 32 can be designed to clean and / or smooth and / or create a surface shine. In the exemplary embodiment, the brush 32 can also be designed as a dirt brush.

[0186] The brushing device 30 can optionally also have a suction device 33.

[0187] In the exemplary embodiment, the brushing device 30 is provided with a pivoting device 34. The pivoting device 34 allows the brushing device 30 to pivot away. This is particularly advantageous if one of the stones 1 has become upright. In a particularly advantageous embodiment, the brushing device 30 includes an emergency shutdown device that shuts down the entire device if the pivoting device 34 has been pivoted out beyond a certain distance, in particular by a stone.

Claims

Patent claims Device for the artificial aging of stones, in particular concrete blocks, brick clinkers and natural stones, with the following features: 1.1 a base (2) onto which the stones (1) can be placed in such a way that their surface (1a) to be worked and the adjacent edges (1b) are exposed; 1.2 a holding device (4) arranged above the base (2) with a plurality of holding elements (6) to which impact bodies (3) are movably fastened for processing the surfaces (1a) and the adjacent edges (1b) of the stones (1) in such a way that the fastening allows movement of the impact bodies (3) within a defined area relative to the surface (1a) of the stones (1); 1.3 a vibration device (5) for vibrating the base (2) on which the stones (1) rest, in order to set the stones (1) resting on the base (2) and the impact bodies (3) in motion relative to one another such that the impact bodies (3) act on the surface (1a) and the adjacent edges (1b) of the stones; characterized by at least one first oscillation device (9) and a second oscillation device (10), wherein the oscillation devices (9, 10) each have at least one push rod (11), one end of which is connected to the holding device (4) and the other end of which is fixed to a suspension device (12) arranged above the holding device (4),wherein the first oscillation device (9) effects a first oscillating movement of the holding device (4) along a first oscillation axis, and the second oscillation device (10) effects a second oscillating movement of the holding device (4) along a second oscillation axis, wherein the oscillation axes extend at an angle of 90° to one another, and wherein at least one of the oscillation devices (9, 10) additionally alternately moves the holding device (4) away from and closer to the surface (1a) of the stones (1). Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the first oscillation axis and the second oscillation axis extend substantially in a plane that is plane-parallel to the plane in which the impact bodies (3) are arranged. Device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in thatthat the push rod (11) of the first oscillation device (9) and / or the push rod (11) of the second oscillation device (10) is eccentrically fixed to a drive device (13) of the suspension device (12). Device according to one of claims 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that, the first oscillation device (9) has two push rods (11), each of which is eccentrically attached to a common drive device (13). Device according to claim 4, characterized in that a shaft (14) of the drive device (13) extends transversely to the feed direction of the stones (1), wherein a control disc (15) is attached to each end of the shaft (14) of the drive device (13), to which one of the two push rods (11) is eccentrically attached. Device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the end of the push rod (11) provided for transmitting the first oscillating movement, which end is connected to the holding device (4), is attached to a longitudinal side (4a) of the holding device (4), preferably centrally on the longitudinal side (4a) of the holding device (4) with respect to the longitudinal axis of the longitudinal side (4a).Device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the second oscillation device (10) has a push rod (11) which extends transversely to the feed direction of the stones (1), wherein the end of the push rod (11) connected to the holding device (4) is fixed to a fastening element (16) of the holding device (4), which fastening element is located above a position at which the push rod (11) or the push rods (11) of the first oscillation device (9) are fixed to the holding device (4). Device according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the holding elements are designed as holding rods (6) which are arranged one behind the other in the feed direction of the stones (1) and each extend transversely to the feed direction of the stones (1), wherein a plurality of impact bodies (3) are arranged, preferably suspended, on each holding rod (6).Device according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that a suction device (18) is provided which has at least one suction unit (19) with a plurality of suction elements (20) which are positioned in spaces between the impact bodies (3), in particular in spaces which are located in front of and / or behind the impact bodies (3) in the feed direction of the stones (1). Device according to claims 8 and 9, characterized in that the suction unit (19) has a plurality of suction arms (21) which extend parallel to the support rods (6) and to each of which a plurality of suction elements (20) are connected, wherein the suction elements (20) extend from the respective suction arm (21) into at least some of the intermediate spaces which are formed between two adjacent rows of impact bodies (3) which are each arranged on the support rods (6).Device according to claim 10, characterized in that each of the suction units (19) has three to nine, preferably four to eight, in particular five or six, suction arms (21), and wherein a central suction nozzle (22) is provided, to which the suction arms (21 are connected, preferably by means of a central supply channel (23) extending in the feed direction of the stones (1). Device according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the holding device (4) is suspended from the suspension device (12) by means of a plurality of flexible suspension elements (24). Device according to claim 12, characterized in that the holding device (4) is suspended from the suspension device (12) by means of at least four, preferably six or eight, flexible suspension elements (24).Device according to claim 12 or 13, characterized in that the flexible suspension elements (24) are chains, ropes or belts. Device according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the suspension device (12) is height-adjustable relative to a support frame (25) of the device. Device according to claim 15, characterized in that at least two, preferably four, height-adjusting units (26) are provided, which connect the suspension device (12) to an upper frame part (27) of the support frame (25) present above the suspension device (12) in such a way that the suspension device (12) can be adjusted by the. Height adjustment units (26) are height-adjustable, wherein the suspension device (12) has guide elements (28), in particular guide rollers, which bear against vertical frame parts (29) of the support frame (25) in order to guide the suspension device (12) during the height adjustment.

17. Device according to one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that a brushing device (30) is provided which extends transversely to the feed direction of the stones (1) and which is positioned such that the stones (1) pass through the brushing device (30) after the action of the impact bodies (3).

18. Device according to claim 17, characterized in that the brushing device (30) has a brush (32) rotating about a longitudinal axis (31), wherein the longitudinal axis (31) of the brush (32) extends transversely to the feed direction of the stones (1), wherein the brush (32) is height-adjustable and arranged such that the brush (32) brushes the surface (1a) of the stones (1).

19. Device according to claim 17 or 18, characterized in that the brushing device (30) has a suction device (33).

20. Device according to one of claims 1 to 19, characterized in that the impact bodies (3) have a recess (7) in order to hang them on the holding elements (6), in particular the holding rods, wherein the recess (7) extends from an upper end of the impact body (3) in the longitudinal direction to a lower end facing the stones (1) to be worked, wherein the recess (7) extends at least over 50% of the length of the impact body (3) and wherein the recess (7) has an access opening (7a) in the region of the lower third of a rear side of the impact body (3) in order to insert the holding elements (6), in particular the holding rods.

21. A method for the artificial aging of stones, in particular concrete blocks, clinker bricks, and natural stones, according to which the stones (1) are applied to a base (2) in such a way that the surface (1a) of the stones (1) to be processed and the adjacent edges (1b) are exposed, after which the surface (1a) of the stones (1) to be processed is brought into contact with a plurality of impact bodies (3), which are movable within a defined range relative to the surface (1a) of the stones (1) by a movable attachment to a holding device (4) arranged above the stones (1), and after which the stones (1) are set in motion by vibration of the base (2) in such a way that the impact bodies (3) act on the surface (1a) and the adjacent edges (1b) of the stones, characterized in that, while the impact bodies (3) act on the stones (1), the holding device (4) is moved in an oscillating manner in the feed direction of the stones (1) and transversely to the feed direction of the stones (1), and is additionally alternately moved away from and closer to the surface (1a) of the stones (1). Method according to claim 21, characterized in that the holding device (4) is suspended from a suspension device (12) located above the holding device (4) via flexible suspension elements (24), in particular chains.Method according to claim 22, characterized in that for the oscillating and alternating movement of the holding device (4) push rods (11) are provided, one end of which is fixed to the holding device (4) and the other end of which is fixed eccentrically to control discs (15) of drive devices (13), wherein the drive devices (13) are designed as part of the suspension device (12).Method according to claim 21, 22 or 23, characterized in that the dust generated by the action of the impact bodies (3) on the surface (1a) and the adjacent edges (1b) of the stones (1) is sucked away by a suction device (18) which has a plurality of suction elements (20) which are positioned in the spaces between the impact bodies (3), in particular in the spaces located in front of and / or behind the impact bodies (3) in the feed direction, and whose suction openings (20a) are directed towards the surface (1a) of the stones (1). Method according to one of claims 21 to 24, characterized in that after the action of the impact bodies (3) on the surface (1a) and the adjacent edges (1b) of the stones (1), the surface (1a) of the stones (1) is brushed and / or smoothed and / or given a surface shine and is preferably additionally sucked away.

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