Hydraulic compression stopper piston assembly with a sleeve and channel structure and adjustable damping properties

Abstract

The invention relates to at least one piston assembly (10). The novelty of the invention is characterized in that it comprises at least one damping element (21) positioned on the side of the piston rod (20) facing the inner chamber (12) and movable with the piston rod (20) to dampen the sudden force loads, at least one sleeve (30) with an inner cavity (31) in which the said damping element (21) can at least partially enter, at least one channel (211) to allow the passage of fluid depending on the movement of the damping element (21) in the inner cavity (31) of the said sleeve (30) and at least one groove (215) to limit the passage of fluid and to make a specified damping adjustment on said washer (214).

Description

[0001] HYDRAULIC COMPRESSION STOPPER PISTON ASSEMBLY WITH A SLEEVE AND CHANNEL STRUCTURE AND ADJUSTABLE DAMPING PROPERTIES

[0002] TECHNICAL FIELD

[0003] The invention relates to a piston assembly used for damping purposes in various areas and whose damping amount is set in a predetermined way.

[0004] BACKGROUND

[0005] Pistons, also known as shock absorbers, are elements used to reduce the severity and effect of shocks and vibrations that occur during operation in vehicles. The pistons show a resistance that is inverse to the direction of movement and is proportional to the speed. Thus, they absorb the energy that causes jolt and vibration by converting it into heat. Piston can be used in all kinds of impact machines (textile machines, presses, construction machines, lifting machines, etc.), especially vehicles.

[0006] Today, motor vehicles contain elements designed in different ways to meet the expectations of users such as comfort, driving comfort and safety. Pistons play an important role in these elements. They are effective in the hardness levels of the pistons, the handling of the vehicles, the driving comfort, and the transmission of the defects on the road to the vehicle. The hardness of the pistons increases the vehicle's handling and steering control, while reducing ride comfort. Conversely, the pistons being too soft causes the driver to feel the vibrations on rough roads and reduce their comfort.

[0007] Application KR20210120205 in the literature relates to a shock absorber. The shock absorber comprises a hydraulic compression stopper device, an operating rod extending from the end of a piston rod to the hydraulic compression stopper device, and a stopper housing fixed to the inner wall of a cylinder in a compression chamber. It is configured to be movable up and down while occupying an operating room and the upper part of the working room connected to the compression chamber within it and is supported elastically by an elastic element in the working room.

[0008] Application CN103953676A, in the literature, relates to a hydraulic damper. Shell structures are known in the pistons that provide secondary damping in the pistons in the state of the art. It is also known that there is a valve group at the end of the piston rod at the part entering these sleeve structures in the present art. In the state of the art, these valve groups allow the discharge of the fluid compressed in the sleeve. However, these valves that are in the state of the art can be deformed in case of sudden force loads. The washers on the valve group can undergo plastic deformation and prevent the desired compression in the sleeve. In this case, the expected performance from the piston cannot be obtained and replacement with a new one is required.

[0009] Sleeve structures that provide secondary damping in pistons that are in the state of the art show that the bottom and side walls of the sleeve are open. For this reason, there is no possibility to make a setting for secondary damping. In the structures of the present art, the degree to which the holes on the sleeve dampen is a part of its design in an irreplaceable way.

[0010] All the problems mentioned above have made it necessary to make an innovation in the relevant technical field as a result.

[0011] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0012] The present invention relates to a piston assembly for eliminating the above-mentioned disadvantages and bringing new advantages to the relevant technical field.

[0013] An object of the invention is to provide a piston assembly with an improved damping property, simplified structure, and long life.

[0014] Another object of the invention is to provide a piston assembly that allows secondary damping.

[0015] Another object of the invention is to provide a piston assembly that eliminates the need for extra valves when performing secondary damping.

[0016] In order to realize all the objects that will emerge from the abovementioned and the following detailed description, the present invention is at least one piston assembly comprising at least one inner tube and at least one outer tube positioned nested in each other, at least one outer chamber defined between the inner tube and the outer tube for placing hydraulic fluid in it, and at least one inner chamber defined in the inner tube, at least one piston rod that can be moved at least partially within the inner chamber, at least one first valve group positioned on the piston rod to allow limited passage in the event of hydraulic fluid entrapment in the inner chamber, at least one piston assembly positioned between the inner chamber and the outer chamber to allow limited passage in the event of hydraulic fluid entrapment. Accordingly, its novelty is that it comprises at least one damping element positioned on the side of the piston rod facing the inner chamber and movable with the piston rod to dampen the sudden force loads, at least one sleeve with an inner cavity in which the said damping element can at least partially enter, at least one channel to allow the passage of fluid depending on the movement of the said sleeve and at least one groove to limit the passage of fluid, and to make a specified damping adjustment on said washer. Thus, in the event that the piston assembly is exposed to sudden and above normal force loads, it is ensured that it shows the desired damping performance by compressing thanks to the washer and channel structure.

[0017] A possible embodiment of the invention is characterized in that the said washer is multiple in number to increase the damping. Thus, the rigid posture of the washer can be maintained in case of jamming.

[0018] Another possible embodiment of the invention is characterized in that the said channel is positioned on the lateral surface of the damping element. Thus, the desired fluid transition can be made between the damping element and the sleeve.

[0019] Another possible embodiment of the invention is characterized in that the channel is of two different types, a first-type channel, and a second-type channel. Thus, the fluid entry into the sleeve from the first-type channel and the fluid exit from the sleeve from the second-type channel are provided.

[0020] Another possible embodiment of the invention is characterized in that the said first-type channel is wider than the said second-type channel. Thus, flow balance is provided in the piston assembly.

[0021] Another possible embodiment of the invention is characterized in that the said groove is aligned with the channel. Thus, the fluid passed through the groove can be discharged.

[0022] Another possible embodiment of the invention is characterized in that the groove is aligned with the second-type channel. Thus, the fluid passed through the groove can be discharged. Another possible embodiment of the invention is characterized in that it comprises a plurality of grooves on the washer to coincide with each second-type channel. Thus, the damping can be adjusted.

[0023] Another possible embodiment of the invention is characterized in that the washer is positioned on the side of the damping element facing the sleeve. Thus, the fluid is compressed between the washer and the sleeve.

[0024] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURE

[0025] Figure 1a shows a representative cross-sectional view of the piston assembly of the invention at a first position.

[0026] Figure 1b shows representative partial cross-sectional view of the piston assembly of the invention at the first position.

[0027] Figure 2a shows representative cross-sectional view of the piston assembly of the invention at a second position.

[0028] Figure 2b shows representative partial cross-sectional view of the piston assembly of the invention at the second position.

[0029] DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0030] In this detailed description, the subject matter of the invention is explained only by means of examples that will not have any limiting effect for a better understanding of the subject matter.

[0031] The invention relates to a piston assembly (10). The piston assembly (10) of the invention is a mechanism that at least partially dampens between the first side (T1) and the second side (T2) between which it is positioned during operation. At least one of the first side (T 1 ) and the second side (T2) to which the piston assembly (10) is connected may be movable. The piston assembly (10) allows the force to be damped between the two sides. The piston assembly (10) is located on vehicles in a possible embodiment of the invention. In vehicles, the first side (T1) is the vehicle body, while the second side (T2) is the wheel of the vehicle. In this way, damping is provided between the vehicle body and the vehicle wheel. However, the piston assembly (10) is not limited to this, it can also be used in different areas such as textile machines, presses, construction machines, lifting machines.

[0032] The piston assembly (10) of the invention has an interlocking inner tube (11 ) and an outer tube (13). The inner part of the inner tube (11 ) is defined as an inner chamber (12) and the part between the inner tube (11) and the outer tube (13) is defined as an outer chamber (14). The inner chamber (12) and the outer chamber (14) are associated with each other and contain hydraulic fluid. The hydraulic fluid allows damping in the piston assembly (10). There is a piston rod (20) extending from one side of the inner tube (11 ) towards the inner chamber (12). The piston rod (20) is at least partially movable through the inner chamber (12). There is a first valve group (V1) provided around the end of the piston rod (20) inside the inner tube

[0033] (11 ). The first valve group (V1 ) is configured to dampen during fluid transport within the inner chamber (12). During the operation of the piston assembly (10), controlled fluid passage is provided between the opposite sides of the inner chamber (12), which is divided by the first valve group (V1). In the event that one of the first side (T1) or the second side (T2) is moved towards the other in the piston assembly (10), the fluid passage within the inner chamber

[0034] (12) is controlled by the first valve group (V1). There is also at least one second valve group (V2) around the opposite end of the inner tube (11) facing the piston rod (20). The second valve group (V2) regulates fluid passage between the inner chamber (12) and the outer chamber (14). Depending on the amount of compression in the piston assembly (10), hydraulic fluid is transported from the inner chamber (12) to the outer chamber (14). This fluid transport is controlled by the second valve group (V2) in the piston assembly (10). In the event of reverse movement, the fluid transfer from the outer chamber (14) to the inner chamber (12) is carried out in a controlled manner by the second valve group (V2).

[0035] A representative view of the piston assembly (10) of the invention at the first position (I) is given in Figures 1a and 1 b. The first position (I) is unloaded on the piston assembly (10). Accordingly, the piston assembly (10) of the invention is configured to perform secondary damping. Secondary damping is performed in case of sudden and unusual force on the piston assembly (10). For this, there is at least one sleeve (30) around the second valve group (V2) in the piston assembly (10). The sleeve (30) is formed to have an inner cavity (31 ). The sleeve (30) is preferably in the form of a cylindrical shaped container with a closed bottom. There is at least one damping element (21 ) on the piston rod (20) in response to the said sleeve (30). Said damping element (21) is positioned on the side of the piston rod (20) facing the sleeve (30). The damping element (21) is sized to go in and out of the sleeve (30). There is at least one opening (32) on the side of the sleeve (30) facing the piston rod (20) so that the damping element (21) can enter and exit the sleeve (30). The damping element (21) is dimensioned so that it can pass through the opening (32). In addition, the edges of the opening (32) have at least one sidewall (33) that protrudes out of the center of the opening (32). The sidewall (33) facilitates the linear entry and exit of the damping element into the sleeve (30).

[0036] A representative view of the piston assembly (10) of the invention in the second position (II) is given in Figures 2a and 2b. In said second position (II), the piston assembly (10) is loaded with a sudden and unusual force. Accordingly, the hydraulic fluid is configured to be filled and discharged into the inner cavity (31) in the sleeve (30). For this, the damping element (21) is configured to be at least partially movable in the sleeve (30). The damping element (21 ) controls the passage of hydraulic fluid charging the inner cavity (31 ) in the sleeve (30). In this way, secondary damping can be performed on the piston assembly (10). The damping element (21 ) is essentially manufactured in a cylindrical shape. There is at least one channel

[0037] (211 ) on the damping element (21). The channel (211 ) is positioned in the extension direction of the damping element (21 ) and essentially extends inwardly. The channel (211 ) starts from the side of the damping element (21) facing the sleeve (30) and extends to the piston rod (20) at a predetermined distance. There may be at least one first-type channel

[0038] (212) and at least one second-type channel (213) on the damping element (21 ). The first- type channel (212) may be manufactured in essentially a wider form than the second-type channel (213). In this way, fluid transition can be provided between the sleeve (30) and the damping element (21). There is at least one washer (214) on the side of the damping element (21) facing the sleeve (30). The washer (214) essentially surrounds the damping element (21 ). The washer (214) essentially allows the fluid to be at least partially compressed in the sleeve (30) as the damping element (21) moves from the first position (I) to the second position (II). The washer (214) can be disassembled and assembled on the damping element (21). In addition, more than one washer (214) can be mounted on the damping element (21) depending on the compression expectation in the sleeve (30). It is ensured that the desired amount of compression can be adjusted in this way. In addition, the washer (214) has an at least partially flexible structure. In this way, it is ensured that the washer (214) is rigid by leaning on the damping element (21) during compression while moving from the first position (I) to the second position (II), and the fluid is quickly passed into the sleeve (30) by at least partially flexing when moving from the second position (II) to the first position (I). There is at least one groove (215) on the washer (214). The groove (215) is essentially an inward recessed form provided on the washer (214). The groove (215), on the other hand, allows the fluid transition of the washer (214) in the movements between the first position (I) and the second position (II). In this way, the damping adjustment of the piston assembly (10) can be made in predetermined ways. The washer (214) is preferably aligned with the channel (211) and in particular with the second-type channel (213). In this way, while it is ensured that the fluid moves away from the sleeve (30) by passing through the second- type channel (213), it can be filled into the sleeve (30) through the first-type channel (212).

[0039] The piston assembly (10) is kept in the first position (I) as in Figures 1 a and 1 b in a possible use of the invention. While in this position, the damping element (21) is positioned outside the sleeve (30). The piston assembly (10) can operate in the first position (I) continuously in cases where high force load is not applied to the piston assembly (10). For this, the fluid is transferred directly to the second valve group (V2) without being compressed in the sleeve (30). In case of sudden load, the piston assembly (10) passes to the second position (II) as in Figures 2a and 2b. In the said second position (II), the piston assembly (10) is suddenly and unusually loaded with force. When the first side (T1) and the second side (T2) are brought closer to each other in the piston assembly (10), the first position (I) is moved to the second position (II). The reason for this approach is that the piston assembly (10) is exposed to unwanted vibrations where it is used. While the piston assembly (10) moves from the first position (I) to the second position (II), it first tries to stop the piston rod (20) by compressing the hydraulic fluid in the inner chamber (12). However, if the load on the piston rod (20) is high, the damping element (21) enters the sleeve (30). In this case, the sleeve (30) rests on the fluid washer (214) in the inner cavity (31 ). As the amount of compression increases, the fluid sleeve (30) continuously passes out of the groove. With this process step, compression is limited. During these movements, the second valve group (V2) also provides limited hydraulic fluid selection from the inner chamber (12) to the outer chamber (14). In case the load on the piston assembly (10) is lifted, the valve groups are allowed to return to the first position (I) by allowing back fluid movement. During this process, a vacuum effect occurs in the inner cavity (31) of the sleeve (30) while the damping element (21) is separated from the sleeve. However, the washer (214) at least partially flexes and allows the fluid to be quickly filled into the sleeve (30) and the piston rod (20) to move back to the first position (I).

[0040] In addition to the standard force loads in the piston assembly (10), sudden and high energy forces are damped with this whole embodiment. During this process, it is also ensured that the compression density can be adjusted by the user thanks to the use of a damping element (21 ) with the structure of the washer (214) and the channel (211). In addition, since the fluid passage of the first valve group (V1) and the second valve group (V2) is adjustable, it is ensured that the desired damping adjustment can be made in the piston assembly (10). In addition, the damping element (21) used can be manufactured cheaply according to the valve groups known in the current technique and provides a preferable structure thanks to its simple structure. The protection scope of the invention is specified in the appended claims and cannot be strictly limited to those explained in this detailed description for illustrative purposes. It is evident that a person skilled in the art may exhibit similar embodiments in light of the foregoing without departing from the main theme of the invention.

[0041] REFERENCE NUMBERS GIVEN IN THE FIGURES

[0042] 10 Piston Assembly

[0043] 11 Inner Tube

[0044] 12 Inner Chamber

[0045] 13 Outer Tube

[0046] 14 Outer Chamber

[0047] 20 Piston Rod

[0048] 21 Damping element

[0049] 21 1 Channel

[0050] 212 First-Type Channel

[0051] 213 Second-Type Channel

[0052] 214 Washer

[0053] 215 Groove

[0054] 30 Sleeve

[0055] 31 Inner Cavity

[0056] 32 Opening

[0057] 33 Sidewall

[0058] V1 First Valve Group

[0059] V2 Second Valve Group

[0060] T1 First Side

[0061] T2 Second Side

[0062] (I) First Position

[0063] (II) Second Position

Claims

CLAIMS The invention is a piston assembly (10) comprising at least one inner tube (11) and at least one outer tube (13) positioned nested in each other,At least one outer chamber (14) defined between said inner tube (11) and said outer tube (13) for placing hydraulic fluid therein and at least one inner chamber (12) defined within said inner tube (11 ),At least one piston rod (20) at least partially movable within said inner chamber (12), At least one first valve group (V1 ) positioned on piston rod (20) to allow limited passage in case of compression of hydraulic fluid in the inner chamber (12),At least one second valve group (V2) positioned between the inner chamber (12) and the outer chamber (14) to allow limited passage in case of compression of hydraulic fluid, characterized in that it comprises the following:At least one damping element (21) positioned on the side of the piston rod (20) facing the inner chamber (12) and movable with the piston rod (20) for damping sudden force loads,At least one sleeve (30) with an inner cavity (31 ) into which the damping element (21 ) can be at least partially penetrated by moving it,At least one channel (211 ) to allow fluid passage depending on the movement of the damping element (21) in the inner cavity (31 ) of said sleeve (30) and at least one washer (214) to limit fluid passage,At least one groove (215) a specified damping adjustment on said washer (214). A piston assembly (10) according to claim 1 , characterized in that the said washer(214) is multiple in number to increase the damping. A piston assembly (10) according to claim 1 , characterized in that the said channel (211 ) is positioned on the lateral surface of the damping element (21 ). A piston assembly (10) according to claim 1 , characterized in that the channel (211) is of two different types, a first-type channel (212) and a second-type channel (213). A piston assembly (10) according to claim 4, characterized in that said first-type channel (212) is wider than said second-type channel (213). A piston assembly (10) according to claim 1 , characterized in that the said groove(215) is aligned with the channel (211 ).

7. A piston assembly (10) according to claim 1 , characterized in that the groove (215) is aligned with the second-type channel (213).

8. A piston assembly (10) according to claim 7, characterized in that it comprises a plurality of grooves (215) on the washer (214) to coincide with each second-type channel (213).

9. A piston assembly (10) according to claim 1 , characterized in that the washer (214) is positioned on the side of the damping element (21 ) facing the sleeve (30).

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