High pressure nozzle with shut-off valve

Abstract

High-pressure nozzle with shut-off valve, wherein the nozzle consists of a pipe body (2) in which a compensating element (2g) is inserted at the inlet of the pressurized liquid (E1), followed by a section with a constant round cross-section and one with a progressively narrowing cross-section (2e), and subsequently an interchangeable element (2f) with a bore for the exit of the jet (G), and wherein the shut-off valve comprises a body (1) which includes a valve stem (4) with a hemispherical or conical valve head (4a) which is moved (4s) by means of a double-acting pneumatic or hydraulic piston (5) against a cylindrical element (4b) with a seat (4d) and flow bore (4e), wherein the valve stem (4) is sealed by a seal (4f) and the piston (5) is inserted inside a cylinder (1d) which is part of the valve body (1).is closed with a cover (5c) and is returned to the shut-off position of the pressurized liquid (E) by a return means or a spring (5e), ​​wherein the pipe end section (2a) of the pipe body (2), which is equipped at its free end with the replaceable element (2f) with outlet opening for the jet (G), extends inside a pipe element (3) which is connected coaxially with the end section (2a) of the pipe body (2) of the nozzle at the end facing the inlet area of ​​the liquid (E1), in order to form a space (2i) which surrounds this end section, wherein at least three screws (3b) are provided in threaded bores at the opposite end of said pipe element (3) the axes of which are in a single, transverse axis to the longitudinal axis of the pipe element (3),The planes are arranged at identical angles to each other, and the introduction of the pressurized liquid (E1) after the seat (4d) of the shut-off valve into the pipe body (2) of the nozzle takes place directly and coaxially to the pipe body of the nozzle and to the axis of the valve stem (4).

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a high-pressure nozzle (approx. 200-400 bar) with a shut-off valve for the purpose of forming a water jet with high impact energy for the purpose of removing labels, encrustations and / or dirt from container surfaces or objects in general, or for the purpose of disintegrating said labels, nameplates and / or tags.

[0002] Particularly in the case of containers or returnable items, the problem lies with the affixed labels and nameplates made of paper or plastic laminate with identification codes, e.g., QR or barcodes, or with various types of contamination, e.g., from dried-on product residues which adhere due to their sugar, starch, or protein content. These labels, nameplates, adhesive residues, and contents residues that stick to the surfaces of the containers or returnable items must be completely removed before or during the washing process for reuse and recirculation. The use of high-pressure nozzles (approx.300 bar) with continuous or intermittent rotary jet or fan jet for removing labels, name tags or dirt, wherein drinking water or recycled water with cleaning / solvenes is used which, despite prior filtration, still contains particles of labels, name tags, dirt residues of various kinds and adhesives.

[0003] US Patent 4,848,672 A discloses a descaling nozzle whose pipe body is equipped with a filter at the fluid inlet. Inside this filter is a compensating element to reduce flow turbulence, followed by a section with a progressively narrowing cross-section to increase flow velocity, and finally, at the outlet, a nozzle element with a through bore. These elements are arranged coaxially with respect to the flow direction. The pipe body of this nozzle is inserted coaxially into a pipe stub and held in place by a threaded ring. The pipe stub is connected to a supply line common to several nozzles. The supply flow is interrupted or regulated by a valve attached to the common supply line. The supply flow enters the pipe body at approximately 90° to the flow direction inside the nozzle body.This type of nozzle, due to the angled inlet direction into the nozzle body relative to its axis, is unsuitable for achieving a flow with good laminarity. Furthermore, because of the considerable volume of water within the nozzle body and the flow supply and interruption system, the nozzle is not suitable for generating flows that require very short durations, both in terms of discharge and interruption, and for controlled water consumption.

[0004] From US patent 2009272826 A1, a high-pressure nozzle for directing a thin jet of liquid onto moving steel plates for the purpose of removing scale is known. Apart from the rectifier element, this nozzle includes similar design features to those described in the aforementioned publication and is also subject to the same disadvantages.

[0005] From RU 2666870 C1, a high-pressure nozzle for descaling metallic products is known. The filter provided at the inlet of the supply flow is internally equipped with radial lamellae which are suitable for reducing turbulence during the inlet of the flow, which is always angled to the axis of the nozzle body. This nozzle is also not suitable for economical supply and precise control.

[0006] None of the nozzles mentioned in the above publications provide a direct connection to the body of the valve for shutting off the supply flow, nor a precise guidance system for the jet exiting the nozzle.

[0007] From US patent 4,162,763 A, a nozzle with a shut-off valve is known, wherein the valve seat, the valve stem with valve head, and their sealing elements are provided in a single tube body. At one end of this tube body, the nozzle body is attached, and at the opposite end, the cylinder and piston for actuating the valve stem are mounted. The nozzle body and the nozzle head cannot be bent by the action of adjusting screws provided transversely to the nozzle head for the purpose of aligning the jet exiting the nozzle.

[0008] From US 2,542,526 A, a nozzle with a shut-off valve is known which consists of a valve tube body to which the nozzle tube body is screwed or attached by means of an integrally formed flange with screws running parallel to the nozzle axis, such that in both cases no alignment of the jet exiting the nozzle is possible. The nozzle tube element is not enclosed by a tube element with a space and which is provided with adjusting screws at its free end.

[0009] From JP H08 257620 A a spray nozzle with piston valve is known, wherein no pipe element surrounding the spray nozzle with a gap is provided on the pipe body which is provided at the free end area with adjusting screws for the alignment of the spray jet exiting the nozzle.

[0010] A nozzle is known from KR 100 957 840 B1 which, due to the ball-joint-like attachment of the nozzle tube body to the valve tube body, is not suitable for operation under high pressure. The pipe stub, which holds the spherical end of the nozzle tube in place by screwing it onto the valve tube body, is provided with adjusting screws at its free end, which surrounds the nozzle tube body with a gap, for aligning the nozzle tube body.

[0011] From DE19 56 870 U a nozzle for a spray gun for spraying paint is known whose nozzle tube with extension tube is not adjustable by a pipe element with adjusting screws transverse to the longitudinal axis enclosing these elements with a gap.

[0012] The invention aims to create a nozzle for a high-pressure liquid and a high-impact-energy jet of the aforementioned type, which is suitable for economizing liquid consumption, achieving precise control of the jet discharge and shut-off, and precise alignment of the jet exiting the nozzle.

[0013] To achieve this goal, the invention proposes the following: the direct attachment of the nozzle body to the body of the shut-off valve, the elimination of the sections of the supply flow between the outlet of the shut-off valve and the nozzle body, and the provision of a device for adjusting the alignment of the jet exiting the nozzle.

[0014] The pipe body of the nozzle according to the invention is provided on the high-pressure fluid inlet side with a detachable connection, such as a thread, a threaded ring, a fitting nut, or a bayonet fitting, so that it can be directly attached / inserted onto the body of the shut-off valve. This allows the flow exiting the nozzle to be directed directly and coaxially into the inner section of the nozzle pipe body, which has a known rectifier element. This section is followed by a section with a constant cross-section, then a section with a progressively decreasing cross-section, and finally an interchangeable element with a through bore as the nozzle outlet. This nozzle pipe body may optionally also be equipped, on the high-pressure fluid inlet side, with a seat for the insertion of an element that acts as the valve seat.The same pipe body has an externally attached pipe element which is fastened at one end to the outside in the initial region of the pipe body of the nozzle, enclosing the pipe body with a gap up to its end with the replaceable element with a through bore of the nozzle, and being provided at said end with at least three screws, e.g. grub screws which are arranged at an identical angle to each other, preferably in a single plane transverse to the axis of the pipe body of the nozzle and which act on the free end of the pipe body of the nozzle, in order to allow precise adjustment / correction of the alignment of the jet exiting the nozzle by bending the pipe body of the nozzle.The invention does not preclude the possibility that said pipe, attached to the pipe body of the nozzle, is integral with it or is replaced by a rigid support element which has a ring at its free end concentric to the pipe element of the nozzle and equipped with at least three adjusting screws.

[0015] The valve according to the invention for interrupting the supply flow is of the type with a spherical, hemispherical, or conical valve head, the axis and movement of which are coaxial with the axis of the attached valve body. According to the invention, the element with the valve seat can be inserted into a separate seat in the end region of the valve body, which is attached or inserted coaxially with the axis of the valve head, or into a separate seat at the outlet of the valve body. Advantageously, the movement of the valve head is pneumatically, hydraulically, or electromagnetically actuated, and the double-acting actuator piston, or the electromagnetic device, is mounted directly and coaxially on the valve stem. According to the invention, the pneumatic or hydraulic cylinder is provided within the valve body itself and is closed with a separate cover.Advantageously, according to the invention, the piston is equipped on the rear side with a cylindrical projection which is slidably mounted in a bronze bearing which is inserted into a separate seat of the cylinder's end cap.

[0016] The valve stem is sealed by two spaced-apart seals. The seal directly exposed to the pressurized fluid entering the valve and held back by a sliding seat element for the valve stem, while the second seal, exposed to the movement pressure of the pneumatic or hydraulic piston, is inserted into its own seat on the same sliding seat element. A compression spring or other return element acts between the cylinder's end cap and the piston to ensure the shut-off position for high-pressure fluid flow when the actuator is depressed. The high-pressure fluid is introduced radially through the valve body into a toroidal chamber with the smallest possible volume, which forms the end of the valve head, which is equipped with a hemispherical or conical shape.One-piece connected valve stem.

[0017] Advantageously, the sliding-seat element is equipped with a toroidal drain chamber that encompasses the valve stem in the area between the two aforementioned seals. Any fluid not retained by the seal directly subjected to the fluid pressure is collected in the toroidal chamber provided in the sliding-seat area and can escape via at least one radial channel into a toroidal chamber that surrounds the sliding-seat element externally in the area between the two seals. From there, it can flow out via a radial channel provided in the valve body. The outflow of the fluid not retained by the seal directly subjected to the fluid pressure indicates the need to replace the potentially worn seal.

[0018] The extremely short feed paths of the pressurized fluid from the shut-off valve to the nozzle body, the minimal volumes of the flow spaces in front of the valve head, the direct flow from the valve seat into the nozzle body, and the limited axial extent of the flow calming and acceleration section inside the nozzle body enable precise control of the outflow and shut-off of the jet exiting the nozzle, which, together with the precise alignment of the jet, allows for saving the amount of pressurized fluid.

[0019] The invention is explained in more detail with reference to a preferred embodiment of a high-pressure nozzle with shut-off valve according to the invention, which is schematically illustrated in the accompanying drawings; the drawings serve a purely explanatory, non-limiting purpose.

[0020] The Fig. 1 shows the longitudinal section according to a section plane which extends through the longitudinal axis of a high-pressure nozzle according to the invention with a pneumatically actuated shut-off valve.

[0021] The Fig. 2 shows a cross-section according to the in Fig. 1 Section plane II-II shown through the pipe body of the nozzle.

[0022] The Fig. 3 shows the cross-section according to the in Fig. 1 Sectional plane III-III shown through the pipe body for adjusting the alignment of the jet exiting the nozzle in the area of ​​the adjusting grub screws.

[0023] The high-pressure nozzle, which can be assembled with shut-off valve 1, includes: a pipe body 2 which, at the end of the inlet of the liquid flow E1 under pressure, has a seat 2b for the insertion of the element 4b with seat 4d and bore 4e of the shut-off valve 1 which can be attached to the pipe body 2 of the nozzle, a pipe section 2c for the insertion of a compensating element 2g with radial vanes for the division of the flow E1 into at least three parallel straight flows in order to obtain a laminar flow without turbulence at the outlet of the rectifier element, a pipe section with constant cross-section for stabilizing the flow, a pipe section with progressively narrowing cross-section 2e for accelerating the flow, a seat for the insertion of the replaceable element 2f for the exit and formation of the jet G with high impact energy.

[0024] The inlet end of the nozzle body 2, which can be assembled with the body 1 of the shut-off valve, has an external thread that corresponds to the threaded seat 1c on the valve body 1. This connection between the valve and the nozzle can also be made by bayonet fitting, threaded ring, or union nut. In addition to the section with the external thread, the nozzle body 2 has a section with an external thread 2h for the coaxial attachment of a pipe element 3 with an internal thread at the end region, using a corresponding external thread 2h on the nozzle body 2.The pipe element 3, in a position screwed or attached to the pipe body 2 with a gap 2i, encloses the outer part of the end section 2a of the pipe body of the nozzle from the threaded section 2h to the end section with the replaceable element 2f with the outlet opening of the nozzle and is provided at the end opposite the threaded section 3a with three set screws 3b which are screwed into threaded bores which are arranged radially in a single plane at an angle of approximately 120° to each other with an axis perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the pipe body 3.By turning the screws 3b it is possible to bend section 2a of the pipe body 2 of the nozzle, which is provided at the end with the replaceable element 2f with bore for the exit of the jet G, in order to allow an adjustment of the alignment of the jet G, which is necessary to compensate for any deflections of the jet due to inaccuracies at the seats for assembly between the body 1 of the shut-off valve and the pipe body 2 of the nozzle, at the seat for the replaceable element 2f with bore for the exit of the jet G and / or at its bore.

[0025] Furthermore, according to the invention, the pipe element 3 can be replaced by a support element which is fixedly or detachedly attached to the nozzle body 2 and which carries a ring element with the aforementioned adjusting screws 3b in a coaxial position to the pipe end section 2b of the valve body 2.

[0026] The precise alignment of individual jets, which act on the surfaces of containers or objects to descale, clean, or remove labels, is essential to achieve a uniform effect limited to predetermined areas, or, in a known manner, to specific areas before the treatment area with high-pressure jets during the passage of said containers or objects. This predetermined effect, precisely and time-limited with regard to the treatment areas, enables savings in both pressurized liquid and energy.

[0027] The body of the shut-off valve 1, which is directly connected to the pipe body 2 of the high-pressure nozzle, contains the valve stem 4 with a hemispherical valve head 4a. The valve stem 4 is moved inside the cylinder 1d by a double-acting piston 5 with a seal 5a 4s, which is pressurized with compressed air A, C. This compressed air is connected to the piston-related front and rear cylinder chambers via the corresponding inlet / outlet channels 1f, 1e. The piston 5 has a cylindrical extension 5f on its rear side, which is slidably mounted in a bronze bearing 5g attached to the end cap 5c of the cylinder 1d. The end cap 5c is attached to the open end of the cylinder 1d with an interposed seal 5d.A bumper ring 5b is inserted between the piston 5 and the sealing cap 5c, and a helical compression spring 5e acts to return the piston 5, together with the valve stem 4 and the hemispherical valve head 4a, to the closed position against the seat 4d of the cylindrical element 4b with bore 4e for the flow of the pressurized fluid E, which is supplied via the radial channel 1a into a toroidal chamber 1b that surrounds the valve stem 4, which carries the valve head 4a, on the outside. The cylindrical element 4d of the valve, which is provided externally with an annular seal 4c and has the valve seat 4d and the bore 4e, is inserted at the inlet end 2b of the valve body 2. However, the variant (not shown) with the cylindrical element 4b in a seat provided on the body 1 of the shut-off valve is not excluded.

[0028] To achieve a good seal along the valve stem 4, a sliding-seat element 4h is provided for the said valve stem. This element is externally fitted with a ring seal 4i, fastened inside the valve body 1 by screws 4i, and retains an elastic seal 4f on one side. This seal is directly exposed to the fluid introduced into the valve under pressure E, while a second seal 4g is installed on the opposite side. In the area between the two seals 4f and 4g, a toroidal space 4m is provided. This space communicates via a radial channel 4n with a toroidal space between the valve body 1 and the sliding-seat element 4h. This space communicates to the outside via a radial channel 1p. Any fluid U escaping from the channel 1p indicates that the seal 4f is no longer sealing the valve stem 4 and that the seal 4f needs to be replaced.

[0029] The introduction of the pressurized fluid E1 directly from the bore 4e of the valve seat 4d into the nozzle body 3, and the reduced flow volume within it, result in the almost immediate emergence of the jet G at the moment the valve opens. The flow of the pressurized fluid E, which is introduced via the radial channel 1a at an angle of approximately 90° to the axis of the subsequent toroidal chamber 1b surrounding the valve stem 4, and which flows between the hemispherical or conical valve head 4a and the corresponding valve seat 4b, experiences no abrupt deflections after passing through the toroidal chamber 1b and thus reaches the nozzle body 2 with low turbulence. This turbulence is further reduced or eliminated by flowing through the rectifier element 2g, resulting in a compact jet G with high impact energy at the nozzle exit. List of alphanumeric reference symbols

[0030] 1 Shut-off valve 1a Radial channel 1b Toroidal chamber 1c Internal thread 1d Cylinder 1e Inlet / outlet channel 1f Inlet / outlet channel 1p Radial channel 2 Nozzle body 2a Pipe end section 2b Inlet end 2d Seal 2e Tapered pipe section 2f Replaceable element 2g Compensating element 2h External thread 2i Space 3 Pipe element 3a Threaded end section 3b Screw 4 Valve stem 4a Valve head 4b Cylindrical element 4c Seal 4d Valve seat 4e Bore 4f Seal 4g Seal 4h Sliding seat element 4i Seal 4j Screw 4m Toroidal chamber 4n Radial channel 4s Valve stem movement 5 Piston 5a Seal 5b Bumper ring 5c ​​Cover 5d Seal 5e Spring 5f Cylindrical extension 5g Bronze bearing A Compressed air C Compressed air E Liquid supply E1 Liquid under Pressure G jet U escaping liquid

Claims

1. High-pressure nozzle with shut-off valve, wherein the nozzle consists of a pipe body (2) in which a compensating element (2g) is inserted at the inlet of the pressurized liquid (E1), followed by a section with a constant round cross-section and one with a progressively narrowing cross-section (2e), and subsequently an interchangeable element (2f) with a bore for the exit of the jet (G), and wherein the shut-off valve comprises a body (1) which includes a valve stem (4) with a hemispherical or conical valve head (4a) which is moved (4s) by means of a double-acting pneumatic or hydraulic piston (5) against a cylindrical element (4b) with a seat (4d) and flow bore (4e), wherein the valve stem (4) is sealed by a seal (4f) and the piston (5) is inserted inside a cylinder (1d) which is part of the valve body (1).is closed with a lid (5c) and is returned to the shut-off position of the pressurized liquid (E) by a return means or a spring (5e), ​​, characterized by the fact thatThe pipe end section (2a) of the pipe body (2), which is equipped at its free end with the replaceable element (2f) with outlet opening for the jet (G), extends inside a pipe element (3) which is connected coaxially with the end section (2a) of the pipe body (2) of the nozzle at the end facing the inlet area of ​​the liquid (E1) in order to form an intermediate space (2i) which surrounds this end section, that at least three screws (3b) are provided in threaded bores at the opposite end of said pipe element (3) the axes of which lie in a single plane extending transversely to the longitudinal axis of the pipe element (3) which are arranged at identical angles to each other, and that the introduction of the pressurized liquid (E1) into the pipe body (2) of the nozzle after the seat (4d) of the shut-off valve takes place directly and coaxially to the pipe body of the nozzle and to the axis of the valve stem (4).

2. High-pressure nozzle with shut-off valve according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the movement (4s) of the valve stem (4) is carried out by means of an electromagnetic device.

3. High-pressure nozzle with shut-off valve according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the cylindrical element (4b) with valve seat (4d) and bore (4e) is inserted into a corresponding seat in the pipe body (2) of the nozzle at the inlet end for the pressurized liquid (E1).

4. High-pressure nozzle with shut-off valve according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the cylindrical element (4b) with valve seat (4d) and bore (4e) for the flow into a corresponding seat in the body (1) of the valve at the outlet end for the pressurized liquid (E1) is inserted.

5. High-pressure nozzle with shut-off valve according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the pipe body (2) of the nozzle is integral with the body (1) of the valve.

6. High-pressure nozzle with shut-off valve according to claim 1, characterized by the fact thatthe pipe element (3), which is provided with adjusting screws (3b) at the free end, is integral with the pipe body (2) of the nozzle.

7. High-pressure nozzle with shut-off valve according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that The flow of the pressurized liquid (E) is introduced into the body (1) of the shut-off valve via a channel (1a) at an angle of approximately 90° to the axis of the body (1) of the shut-off valve and into the interior of a toroidal space (1b) which surrounds the valve stem (4) with a hemispherical or conical valve head (4a).

8. High-pressure nozzle with shut-off valve according to claim 1, characterized by the fact thatThe valve stem (4) is axially slidably guided in an element (4h) with a sliding bearing which, in the area between a seal (4f) directly exposed to the pressure of the pressurized fluid (E1) introduced into the valve and the bearing area of ​​a second seal (4g) exposed to the driving means of the piston (5), has a toroidal space (4m) surrounding the valve stem (4) which is connected to the outside via a radial channel (4n) provided on the element (4h) with a sliding seat (4h) and a radial channel (1p) provided in a corresponding position on the valve body.

9. High-pressure nozzle with shut-off valve according to claim 1, characterized by the fact thatthe double-acting piston (5) is provided on the rear side with a guide projection (5f) which is slidably mounted in a bronze bearing (5g) in the closure cover (5c) of the cylinder (5b) which is formed in the body (1) of the shut-off valve and that a return pressure spring (5e) acts between the said closure cover (5c) and the piston (5).

10. High-pressure nozzle with shut-off valve according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the element with sliding seat (4h) has in the area of ​​said seat a toroidal space (4m) enclosing the valve stem (4) which is connected to the outside via a radial channel (4n) provided on the element (4h) with sliding seat and a radial channel (1p) provided on the body of the valve (1).

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