Fixing agent for fixing an insulating panel to a base and insulation system
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- EP · EP
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-04-19
- Publication Date
- 2026-03-18
AI Technical Summary
Existing insulation systems for building thermal insulation face challenges with high logistical and time costs due to the use of conventional mineral adhesives, which require extensive mixing and long drying times, and existing fixing agents often result in inadequate precision and increased costs due to the need for additional mechanical fastening means.
A fixing agent with a movable leg section that can pivot between two angled legs, allowing for precise alignment and secure fastening of insulation boards to substrates using a fastening mandrel, which can be adjusted to compensate for surface unevenness without compromising the fixation, and is designed for ease of use and reduced material complexity.
The solution enables precise and efficient alignment and fixation of insulation boards, reducing assembly time and costs, while minimizing the risk of damage to the insulation boards and ensuring stable long-term attachment.
Smart Images
Figure EP2024060772_14112024_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
[0001] Fixing agent for fixing an insulation board to a substrate and insulation system
[0002] The present invention relates to fixing means for fixing an insulation board to a substrate for thermal insulation of buildings, comprising a first leg and a second leg arranged at an angle, in particular at a right angle, to the first leg and connected to the latter at a connecting edge, wherein the legs each have an inner side facing the other leg and an outer side opposite the respective inner side, wherein the first leg is designed to be applied to the substrate, and wherein the second leg is designed to be applied to an edge surface of the insulation board. Furthermore, the invention relates to an insulation system and a method for attaching at least one insulation board to a substrate.
[0003] Insulation systems and corresponding methods for attaching insulation panels to a substrate, especially to a building wall, have been used successfully for many years, for example, in the thermal insulation of buildings. Such insulation panels are also used for interior insulation. One example of this application is wall or ceiling insulation, for example, in basements. It is also possible to install such insulation panels in prefabricated or timber-frame construction. Such insulation panels are also used for the renovation or over-insulation of damaged insulation systems.
[0004] The insulation panels bonded to the substrate create a so-called external thermal insulation composite system (ETICS). When insulating buildings with external thermal insulation composite systems in both old and new buildings, the insulation panels are typically bonded to the substrate using mineral-bonded or mineral-bonded and organically modified adhesives based on lime / cement. Further details on the adhesive materials used can be found in EP 1 640 521 A1 and EP 2 295 660 A2, which also originate from the applicant, as well as in the relevant technical guidelines and standards.
[0005] At the beginning of the millennium, between 30 and 35 million square meters of insulation boards were bonded annually in Germany alone. Using the bonding methods commonly used up to now, this meant that around 120 - 175 million kg of adhesive were produced, transported, usually mixed, and processed annually in Germany alone. This entails a very high logistical and time-consuming effort, which in turn leads to high costs. In addition, the conventional adhesives require a comparatively long time to cure, usually through drying. This means that waiting times of at least three days are usually required before any further processing of an ETICS, for example in the form of sanding, dowelling, and reinforcing the insulation covering, can take place. This reduces the productivity of the conventional bonding methods.
[0006] The problems described above have already been satisfactorily solved in the recent past by using adhesive foam as an adhesive. The previously cited documents EP 1 640 521 A1 and EP 2 295 660 A2 describe an insulation system and a method in which insulation panels are attached to a substrate using adhesive foam. This type of foam is characterized by good adhesive strength and cures significantly faster than conventional mineral adhesives. By using adhesive foams, the insulation panels can be bonded to the substrate at extremely low cost. There is also no need to mix the adhesives on site, as the adhesive foams can be delivered to the site already in the composition required for bonding.
[0007] In order to precisely fix the insulation panels in the desired position relative to the substrate in the insulation system described in the cited publications, the use of fixing devices has become common practice. These fixing devices have two legs arranged at an angle to each other. To fix the insulation panel, the first leg is attached to the substrate and the second leg to the insulation panel. A disadvantage, however, is that the fixing devices can only be satisfactorily attached to the insulation panels with the aid of additional mechanical fastening devices, such as nails, etc., which, given the very large number of fixing devices required, massively increases the number of parts required and complicates handling.
[0008] A further development of the fixing means has already been described in EP 2 295 660 A2. This discloses a fixing means with legs that can be pivoted relative to one another. This offers, among other things, the advantage of particularly simple and flexible fixing, even for insulation panels that have not been glued precisely to the fixing means, since the legs of the fixing means can be easily adapted to the respective position of the insulation panel and fastened to it by appropriate pivoting. Furthermore, the fixing means used (nail, mandrel, etc.) can be made in one piece with the leg of the fixing means to be fastened to the insulation panel, since the relative pivotability of the legs means that the pivoting movement can press the fixing means into the edge surface of the insulation panel. However, this design also has disadvantages.One disadvantage, for example, is that if the device is used carelessly, the second leg can easily be pressed too deeply into the insulation board, resulting in damage to the edge surface of the insulation board. Furthermore, restoring forces between the pivoting legs can lead to unwanted return movements, which, in the worst case, can lead to the fastener (e.g., nail or spike) becoming detached from the edge surface of the insulation board being secured, thus resulting in the loss of the fixation.
[0009] Based on the described prior art, the invention is based on the object of providing an improved fixing means for securing an insulation board to a substrate for thermal insulation of buildings, as well as an improved insulation system, compared to the fixing means known from the prior art. Furthermore, the invention is based on the object of providing an improved method for attaching at least one insulation board to a substrate, wherein the fixing means, the insulation system, and the method are each intended to facilitate installation and, at the same time, allow for highly precise alignment of the individual insulation boards to the substrate.
[0010] The object is achieved according to the invention by a fixing means for fixing an insulation board to a substrate for thermal insulation of buildings, having the features of the preamble of patent claim 1, in that the fixing means has at least one leg section which is movable, in particular pivotable, between the first and second legs and has a first side facing the first leg and a second side facing the second leg, wherein the second leg has an opening corresponding to the at least one leg section, wherein the at least one leg section is movable, in particular pivotable, into the opening, wherein the at least one leg section has at least one fixing mandrel on its second side for fixing the fixing means to the edge surface of the insulation board.
[0011] The particular advantage of the fixing means according to the invention is that, when the fixing means is used, precise contact with the edge surface of the insulation board to be fastened is ensured due to the essentially rigid, i.e. dimensionally stable, connection of the two legs arranged at an angle to one another. In addition, by moving the at least one movable leg section provided according to the invention in the direction of the corresponding opening provided in the second leg, the at least one fastening mandrel can then be pressed into the edge surface of the insulation board in a controlled manner. Minor unevenness in the edge surface of the insulation board can be compensated for simply by adjusting the position of the leg section relative to the second leg, without this impairing the fastening or fixing effect.
[0012] Furthermore, simple adjustments to the fixation of an insulation board to the substrate are possible, especially when the first leg is already attached to the substrate. This does not require the entire second leg to be removed from the insulation board. It is sufficient to detach the movable leg section from the edge surface of the insulation board using at least one mandrel and, for example, after adjusting the position of the insulation board, reattach it to the edge surface of the insulation board by moving it into the corresponding opening in the second leg.
[0013] According to the invention, the at least one movable leg section is designed to be movable, in particular pivotable, between the first and second legs of the fixing means. Within the meaning of the invention, this means that the at least one leg section is movable, in particular pivotable, substantially in a plane spanned by the respective surface normals of the planes of the first and second legs. It can thus be moved back and forth between the first and second legs of the fixing means.
[0014] Furthermore, the fixing means according to the invention provides an opening corresponding to at least one leg section. It is understood that if there is more than one leg section, the number of corresponding openings can also be adjusted accordingly. However, it is also possible for a plurality of movable leg sections to be movable into only one – correspondingly large – opening.
[0015] Preferably, the at least one leg section and the first and second legs are formed in one piece, ie the particular advantages of the fixing means according to the invention are not accompanied by an increased number of parts and thus increased complexity of the overall construction.
[0016] It is also particularly preferred to design the at least one leg section and the at least one fastening mandrel as a single piece, so that the fixing means according to the invention is ultimately formed entirely in one piece. However, it is also possible to provide the mandrel as a separate part which is connected to the at least one movable leg section before use of the fixing angle. This can be, for example, a nail, hook or mandrel. In particular, it is possible to provide the at least one fastening mandrel from a material with special properties, for example greater strength, while the at least one movable leg section and / or the two legs of the fixing means themselves could be made from a particularly inexpensive material without special strength properties.
[0017] The fixing agent is preferably made of a plastic. This fundamentally ensures a high degree of design freedom and enables the use of innovative manufacturing processes, such as additive manufacturing processes, in particular 3D printing processes. However, conventional plastic injection molding can also be used without any problems. Suitable plastic materials include, in particular, solid polymeric plastics, such as polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polystyrene (PS), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyurethane (PU), ethylene propylene diene rubber (EPDM), polyamide (PA), polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), polyoxymethylene (POM), polycarbonate (PC), or acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS). If the fixing agent is to be manufactured using a 3D printing process, in particular the fused filament fabrication (FFF) process, well-known filament materials, for example, thermoplastics, are available.It is also possible, in principle, to manufacture the fixative from sustainable materials, e.g., ecological wood such as spruce, birch, or beech, or woody grasses such as bamboo or wood-polymer (plastic) composite (WPC) or bamboo-polymer (plastic) composite (BPC). Likewise, the use of robust metallic materials such as aluminum, copper, brass, steel, or a combination of these materials as a material mix is conceivable.
[0018] According to the invention, the at least one leg section is designed to be movable, in particular pivotable, relative to the two legs of the fixing means. A pivoting movement about a pivot axis has the advantage that it can be carried out easily and reproducibly, thereby facilitating the use of the fixing means according to the invention, especially when a correction of the fixing means' attachment to the edge surface of an insulation board needs to be made.
[0019] According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the at least one movable leg section is designed to be pivotable relative to the first and second legs about a pivot axis, wherein the pivot axis is arranged in the connecting edge between the first and second legs. As a result, the at least one movable leg section is characterized by particularly advantageous kinematics, which enables the at least one leg section to be completely lowered into the corresponding opening in the second leg, thus enabling the leg section to be precisely positioned on the edge surface of the insulation board to be secured.
[0020] The opening in the second leg corresponding to the at least one movable leg section can be arranged at different locations therein. For example, the corresponding opening can be arranged at the edge of the second leg, i.e. it is not surrounded by material of the second leg. In practice, this means that the leg has a recess on a lateral edge, for example, or is designed to be shortened. In other words: the second leg has, for example, a reduced width and the movable leg section can accordingly be moved into the material-free area, i.e. into the gap, at the edge of the second leg. According to a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention, the opening corresponding to the at least one movable leg section is arranged on the inside of the second leg. This means that the material of the second leg surrounds the opening.The geometry of the corresponding opening is preferably adapted to the geometry of the at least one movable leg section, so that as soon as it is moved into the corresponding opening in the manner according to the invention, the opening closes.
[0021] According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the opening in the second leg corresponding to the at least one movable leg section is open to the outer edge of the second leg, such that the second leg is formed by two parallel partial legs spaced apart by the opening. Such a structural solution is particularly easy to implement in terms of manufacturing technology and ensures sufficient mechanical stability of the second leg. In particular, in this embodiment of the fixing means, the movable leg section can be easily fixed in an end position parallel to the upper edge of the insulation board, so that torsion of the leg section, oblique penetration of the fastening mandrel, and thus possible displacement of the insulation board can be prevented.
[0022] According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the at least one movable leg section is movable, in particular pivotable, from an initial position to an end position. By providing a defined initial position and end position of the at least one movable leg section, the use of the fixing means according to the invention is considerably facilitated, particularly in the robust environment of large construction sites, on which very large numbers of fixing means according to the invention are used in the construction of extensive insulation systems. Thus, after the surface of the insulation board to be bonded has been brought into contact with the substrate, the fixing means can be applied to the substrate in the initial position (or also assembly position) of the at least one movable leg section with the first leg and fastened thereto. Double-sided adhesive tapes as well as high-viscosity adhesives, such asAn acrylate-based gel adhesive, as known per se from the prior art. At the same time, the second leg of the fixing means is applied to an edge surface of the insulation board, whereupon the at least one movable leg section of the fixing means is subsequently moved, in particular pivoted, from the starting position (assembly position) to the end position (fixing position), in which the at least one leg section is arranged in the corresponding opening in the second leg, forming a flush contact surface. The at least one fastening pin is pressed into the edge surface to securely fasten the fixing means.
[0023] To further facilitate the use of the fixing means according to the invention, a further advantageous embodiment of the invention provides that the second leg has a mechanical stop for the at least one movable leg section to determine the end position. This reliably prevents, in particular, damage to the edge surface of the insulation board due to the fastening mandrel being pressed too deeply into the edge surface of the insulation board.
[0024] The mechanical stop for defining the end position (fixing position) can be implemented in different ways. For example, if the second leg is formed as a pair of spaced-apart parallel partial legs, as described above, the mechanical stop can be designed as a transverse rib connecting the two partial legs. It is particularly preferred if the at least one movable leg section has a recess corresponding to the mechanical stop. This recess is preferably dimensioned such that the second side of the movable leg section, which has the at least one fastening pin, is aligned with the outer side of the second leg in the end position.
[0025] According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, in addition to the second leg, the first leg also has an opening corresponding to the at least one movable leg section, and the at least one movable leg section is arranged in the opening in the starting position (assembly position). This also facilitates the use of the fixing means according to the invention, since, apart from the two legs, there are no additional protruding parts through which the fixing means could become entangled, for example, during transport and thus complicate use on the construction site. In the worst case, this could lead to the movable leg section breaking off, rendering the fixing means unusable.
[0026] According to a further preferred embodiment, the at least one movable leg section has a gripping notch at its free end. During use, the leg section can be moved, pivoted, or folded out of its initial position, in which it is arranged in the opening in the first leg, by the craftsman, for example, using a fingernail.
[0027] According to an even further embodiment of the invention, it can also be provided that the at least one movable leg section has at least one notch on its first side facing the first leg, into which at least one lug provided on the corresponding opening of the second leg engages to lock the leg section in the end position on the second leg. As a result, the at least one movable leg section is fixed in the end position on the second leg, thereby stabilizing the fixation of the insulation board to the second leg. This construction also inhibits a return movement of the movable leg section due to a return force, which may pull the mandrel of the pivotable leg back out of the insulation board to be fixed. Such a return force can occur at the base of the movable leg section depending on the material and material thickness.
[0028] As an alternative to a starting position in which the at least one movable leg section is arranged in a corresponding opening of the first leg, the starting position of the at least one movable leg section can also be realized in that it is designed to be pivotable and, in the starting position, protrudes from the first leg at an acute angle, preferably approximately 20° to 75°, specifically approximately 30° to 60°, particularly preferably approximately 45°. The acute angle to the first leg can also be selected such that the respective tip of the fastening pin(s) is aligned with the second leg in the starting position of the movable leg section.The variant with at least one movable leg section arranged at an acute angle to the first leg in the starting position makes it considerably easier to grip and move the same, but makes the fixing means according to the invention more sensitive during production and transport, since the at least one movable leg section now also protrudes from both legs in the starting position.
[0029] According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, it can further be provided that the second leg has a predetermined breaking notch running essentially parallel to the connecting edge. This allows the second leg to be shortened simply by breaking off the protruding areas of the second leg, for example when using very thin insulation panels. In this context, it is advantageous if the at least one movable leg section also has a predetermined breaking notch. This predetermined breaking notch is expediently aligned with the predetermined breaking notch provided in the second leg, so that if necessary, both the second leg and the movable leg section can be shortened to an identical length. The predetermined breaking notch can be provided on the first or the second side of the at least one movable leg section.
[0030] According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the connecting edge between the first and second legs is bevelled. This creates an additional predetermined breaking point between the first and second legs. A targeted division of the fixing element along this additional predetermined breaking point may be necessary, in particular, if slightly larger distances between the insulation board and the masonry are to be achieved due to a greater unevenness of the substrate. In this case, the first leg of the fixing element can be used as a contact surface for the first leg of an additional fixing element to be installed. In the case of a cornice or window, the last insulation panel below the window can be fixed first. In this case, the surface of the first leg of the fixing element can no longer be utilized to its full length or height.If adhesive foam is used when installing the insulation panels, the protruding angle part can be removed by splitting the fixing agent at the predetermined breaking point after the foam has hardened.
[0031] According to the invention, the at least one movable leg section has at least one fastening pin on its second side facing the second leg for attaching the fixing means to the edge surface of the insulation board. As already mentioned, the at least one movable leg section and the at least one fastening pin are formed as a single piece.
[0032] The at least one fastening mandrel can be implemented in different ways. Particularly preferably, the at least one fastening mandrel is pin-shaped with a pointed free end or conically tapered to enable simple and secure insertion into the insulation board. According to a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention, the at least one movable leg section is pivotable, and the at least one fastening mandrel is curved substantially according to the circular line of the pivoting movement. Such a curvature, corresponding to the circular line defined by the pivoting movement of the leg section, significantly facilitates damage-free insertion of the at least one fastening mandrel into the insulation board.If several fastening pins are provided on at least one leg section, each of which has a different distance from the pivot axis, the criterion of the curvature of the fastening pins according to the circular line of the pivoting movement preferably applies individually to each of the fastening pins. In other words, fastening pins arranged closer to the pivot axis are correspondingly more curved than those that are further away from the pivot axis.
[0033] The object stated at the outset is also achieved according to the invention by an insulation system, in particular for the thermal insulation of buildings, according to the preamble of claim 17 in that the at least one fixing means is designed according to one of claims 1 to 16.
[0034] This provides an easy-to-install and safe insulation system, particularly for building facades, which makes a decisive contribution to reducing building energy consumption. The specific advantages of the insulation system according to the invention are analogous to those mentioned above in connection with the fixing agent according to the invention.
[0035] In the insulation system according to the invention, the fixing agent is preferably used together with an adhesive foam as an adhesive. The adhesive foam is therefore quick, clean, and easy to process. Furthermore, as already mentioned above, the adhesive foam cures faster than conventional adhesives, allowing for rapid further processing of the thermal insulation composite system.
[0036] Using an adhesive foam as an adhesive also eliminates any interactions with the substrate that could adversely affect bond strength. This ensures secure bonding and reliable bond strength of the external thermal insulation composite system. The risk of damage to the ETICS is thus significantly reduced. Furthermore, the use of an adhesive foam improves the insulating properties of the external thermal insulation composite system compared to the state of the art.
[0037] According to a preferred embodiment, the adhesive foam can be provided in compressed form. In this case, the adhesive foam only expands upon exiting the storage container and upon application to the surface to be bonded on site. Such a design can further reduce logistical costs, as the volume of adhesive foam to be transported is further reduced. So-called "in-situ foams," which are only processed at the point of use, are particularly suitable. For particularly simple processing and to limit the subsequent expansion of the applied adhesive foam, the foam can be low-expansion. It preferably has a maximum subsequent foam expansion of 1 to 30%, in particular 5 to 20%, specifically 8 to 15%.
[0038] The adhesive foam can be cured particularly easily via a drying time or by UV radiation.
[0039] In principle, all known single-component adhesive foams or multi-component, especially two-component, adhesive foams can be used. Two-component adhesive foams are preferred, especially for machine-based foam processing.
[0040] According to a preferred embodiment, an organic adhesive foam can be used. Organic adhesive foams are characterized by particularly good adhesive strength and processability. A polyurethane-based adhesive foam is preferably used. Such PUR foams are produced in large quantities and are inexpensive to procure. Furthermore, these foams exhibit particularly good adhesive strength and processability.
[0041] However, depending on the desired properties of the adhesive foam, other single- or multi-component, especially two-component foams, can also be used, for example based on phenolic resin (PF), latex, polyethylene, polyester, polyisocyanurate (PIR), etc.
[0042] In principle, all known insulation boards that can be used in external thermal insulation composite systems or other insulation systems can be used as insulation boards for bonding. This applies regardless of their quality (e.g., strength, weight, bulk density, lambda value, color), layer thickness, format (length and width), edge design, or surface texture. Examples of possible board materials in this regard include expanded polystyrene foam (EPS, block-foamed or machine-made), extruded polystyrene foam (XPS), polyurethane foam (PUR), polyisocyanurate (PIR), mineral wool and stone wool (also in slatted form), mineral foam (calcium silicate), phenolic resin (PF) rigid foam, vacuum insulation panels (VIP), wood wool, softwood fiber, cork, hemp, sheep's wool, etc. Furthermore, any combination of board materials, for example, in two- or multi-layer arrangements, is also conceivable.It is possible for the insulation panels to have a coating or lamination, especially on one side, made of plastic or aluminum, as a vapor barrier. Of course, the insulation panels can also achieve improved sound insulation as an alternative or in addition to thermal insulation.
[0043] To further improve the attachment of the first leg of the at least one fixing means to the substrate, it can be provided, alternatively or in addition to the adhesive foam, that the first leg is attached to the substrate by means of at least one mechanical fastening means, i.e., a mechanical anchor, in particular a nail or a screw. If the substrate is a hard, mineral building material, for example, a concrete building wall, the insertion of a dowel into the substrate in combination with a screw is preferred.
[0044] According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, it can be provided that a recess for the second leg is provided in the edge surface of the at least one insulation panel connected to the second leg, in particular such that the second leg is substantially flush with the edge surface. The recess can in particular correspond to the dimensions of the second leg. It is also conceivable to provide the recess with dimensions different from those of the leg, if this appears expedient. Thus, it is possible to provide the recess over the entire area of the edge surface of the insulation panel to be fastened with the second leg. In this way, when several panels are glued to the substrate, a gap is created in the region of the edge surface of the insulation panel to be fastened with the second leg. Such a configuration allows a flexible arrangement of a plurality of fixing means.By providing a recess, the second leg can be concealed from the outer surface of the insulation system when attached. Particularly when bonding multiple insulation panels, this allows for seamless bonding of the insulation panels despite the second leg located between the edges. This creates a closed joint pattern, preventing unwanted heat loss through any gaps between the panels. This improves both the visual appearance and the technical function of the insulation system.
[0045] According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the insulation system comprises a plurality of insulation panels, wherein adjacent insulation panels are preferably connected to one another by means of connecting means provided on their longitudinal and / or transverse edges, in particular tongue and groove joints, shiplap joints, etc. Alternatively, the connecting means can also be designed, for example, as interlocking of the abutting edge surfaces of the insulation panels. In principle, all known interlockings are suitable for this purpose, for example, serrated, corrugated, grooved, or otherwise designed interlockings. This further simplifies the construction of the thermal insulation composite system and simultaneously further improves the cohesion of the insulation panels.
[0046] The object stated at the outset is achieved by a method for attaching at least one insulation board to a substrate, wherein the method according to the invention comprises the following steps:
[0047] - Providing an adhesive, in particular an adhesive foam,
[0048] - applying the adhesive to a surface of the at least one insulation board to be bonded and / or to the substrate to be bonded to the insulation board,
[0049] - bringing at least one insulation board into contact with the substrate,
[0050] - Fixing the respective insulation board to be glued to the substrate by means of at least one fixing means according to one of claims 1 to 16, wherein the first leg is fixed with its outer side to the substrate and the second leg is placed with its outer side on an edge surface of the insulation board, wherein the at least one leg section of the fixing means is moved, in particular pivoted, in the direction of the corresponding opening provided in the second leg in such a way that the at least one fixing mandrel is pressed into the edge surface, wherein the fixing means is fixed to the edge surface of the insulation board.
[0051] The advantages mentioned above also apply accordingly to the advantages of the method according to the invention.
[0052] According to the invention, the sequence of the process steps is not specified. This applies in particular to the steps of applying the adhesive foam and bringing the insulation board into contact with the substrate.
[0053] The adhesive, in particular the adhesive foam, can be applied to a surface of the insulation board to be bonded and / or to the substrate to which the insulation board is to be bonded before the surface to be bonded comes into contact with the substrate. In this way, the adhesive foam can be applied in a particularly simple manner using a conventional method.
[0054] When using adhesive foam as an adhesive, a number of additional possibilities and advantages arise:
[0055] The adhesive foam for bonding the insulation boards can be applied to the insulation board to be bonded. The application can be carried out, for example, using the well-known edge bead point method or the edge bead bead method. The insulation board is then brought into contact with the substrate with the surface to be bonded. However, it is also possible to apply the adhesive foam to the substrate before the insulation board is brought into contact with the substrate. Of course, it is also possible to apply the adhesive foam to both the insulation board and the substrate in order to achieve an even more even and complete distribution of the adhesive foam between the insulation board and the substrate. As already mentioned, the expansion or re-expansion of an adhesive foam can, in particular, lead to uncontrolled pressure being exerted on the insulation boards from the substrate.According to the invention, this is reliably avoided by the fact that the insulation board is fixed in the desired position relative to the substrate and to the adjacent boards by the fixing means, so that any expansion or subsequent expansion of the adhesive foam takes place exclusively parallel to the substrate.
[0056] It is also conceivable that the adhesive foam is applied to a side of the insulation board to be bonded and / or to the substrate to which the insulation board is to be bonded after the side of the insulation board to be bonded has been brought into contact with the substrate. In this case, the insulation board is already in the position intended for bonding on the substrate and is fixed to the substrate by the fixing agent used according to the invention. The adhesive foam is therefore placed between the substrate and the insulation board already arranged on it. In this way, premature curing of the adhesive foam can be reliably prevented. Furthermore, the adhesive foam can be applied safely and precisely in the required quantity. With this design, the insulation board can be attached to the substrate at a distance, which is particularly useful when using adhesive foams.The adhesive foam can then be placed into the space created by the gap between the insulation board and the substrate.
[0057] When the adhesive foam is applied between the insulation board and the substrate after the insulation board has been brought into contact with the substrate, the fixing agents ensure that the insulation board is held precisely and securely to the substrate before the adhesive foam is applied. After the adhesive foam has been applied, the fixing agents reliably prevent the insulation board from being compressed due to subsequent expansion of the adhesive foam perpendicular to the substrate.
[0058] To facilitate the application of the adhesive foam between the insulation board and the substrate, the adhesive foam can be injected between the surface of the insulation board to be bonded and the substrate using an injection device. For this purpose, the adhesive foam can be delivered, for example, via a spray tube pushed through the insulation board. If multiple insulation boards are being bonded, the adhesive foam can also be injected through joints provided between adjacent insulation boards.
[0059] The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to a drawing illustrating an exemplary embodiment. In the drawings:
[0060] Fig. 1 shows a fixing means for an insulation system for thermal insulation of buildings in a first embodiment in perspective view,
[0061] Fig. 2 shows a fixing means for an insulation system for thermal insulation of buildings in a second embodiment in perspective view,
[0062] Fig. 3 shows a fixing means for an insulation system for thermal insulation of buildings in a third embodiment in perspective view,
[0063] Fig. 4 the fixing means of Figs. 1 to 3 in perspective rear view,
[0064] Fig. 5 shows a fixing means for an insulation system for thermal insulation of buildings in a fourth embodiment in perspective front and rear view,
[0065] Fig. 6 a fixing means for an insulation system for thermal insulation of buildings in a fifth embodiment with an alternative starting position of the leg section in a perspective view and
[0066] Fig. 7 shows an insulation system with an insulation board bonded to a substrate by an adhesive and three fixing devices according to Fig. 5 in three different operating positions.
[0067] Fig. 1 shows a fixing means 10 for an insulation system, in particular for thermal insulation of buildings. The fixing means 10 comprises a first leg 1 and a second leg 2 arranged at an angle, in this case at right angles thereto, which is connected to the first leg 1 along a connecting edge 12. Each leg 1, 2 has an inner side 1a, 2a facing the other leg 2, 1 and an outer side 1b, 2b facing away from the other leg 2, 1. The fixing means 10 and thus the two legs 1, 2 are designed and dimensioned such that they enable the fixing of an insulation board 30 (cf. Fig. 7) to a substrate 40, for example as part of the construction of an external thermal insulation composite system (ETICS).For this purpose, the first leg 1 is designed to be applied to and fastened to the substrate 40, for example an unclad building facade, while the second leg 2 is designed to be applied to the edge surface 30a of an insulation panel 30 to be fastened to the substrate 40.
[0068] For the purpose of attaching the fixing means 10 to an edge surface 30a of an insulation board 30, the fixing means 10 further comprises a leg section 3 which is movable relative to the first and second legs 1, 2 and, in this case, pivotable about the connecting edge 12, with a first side 31 facing the first leg 1 and a second side 32 facing the second leg 2. Furthermore, the second leg 2 has an opening 23 corresponding to the leg section 3, wherein the at least one leg section 3 is pivotable into the opening 23. As can be seen particularly in the rear view of Fig. 4, a smooth pivotability of the leg section 3 is achieved in the present case in that the leg section 3 has a lower material thickness in the region of the connecting edge 12 between the first and second legs 1, 2 and is therefore comparatively easy to bend at this point.An alternative design for achieving easy mobility of the leg section 3 could involve providing a hinge. However, this would result in a somewhat more complicated design of the fixing means 10 and an increased overall number of parts.
[0069] In order to securely fasten the fixing means 10 to the edge surface of an insulation board, the leg section 3 has a plurality (in this case three) of fastening pins 3a on its second side 32, which, when the leg section 3 is pivoted, press into the edge surface of the insulation board (not shown here) arranged below the second leg 2 during assembly of the fixing means, thus fastening the fixing means 10 to the insulation board to fix it. The fastening pins 3a are designed as straight pins with a conically tapered tip and of different lengths. As the following figures show, modified shapes of the fastening pins 3a are preferred. As can be seen from Fig.1, the opening 23 corresponding to the leg section 3 is open to the outer edge 2f of the second leg 2, so that the second leg 2 is essentially formed by two parallel partial legs 2c spaced apart by the opening 23. The first leg 1, however, also has an opening 13, which in this case is formed internally in the first leg 1 and is adapted to the shape of the leg section 3.
[0070] In the fixing means 10 shown in Fig. 1, the leg section 3 is in a starting position I, in which it is arranged in the opening 13 of the first leg 1 and is aligned with the first leg 1. In order to pivot the leg section 3 from the starting position I (assembly position) into an end position II (fixing position), the leg section 3 can be grasped, for example with the fingernail, via a grip notch 3c provided on its free end and moved into the end position II, in which the leg section 3 is pivoted into the corresponding opening 23.
[0071] In order to achieve a defined end position or fixing position II, the second leg 2 also has a transverse rib 23a in the region of the connecting edge 12 as a mechanical stop for the pivotable leg section 3. To ensure that the pivotable leg section 3 is aligned with the outer side 2b of the second leg 2 in the end position II, which ensures optimal contact with the insulation board, the leg section 3 has a recess 3b corresponding to the transverse rib 23a of the second leg 2, the depth of which recess essentially corresponds to the height of the transverse rib 23a.
[0072] Furthermore, the second leg 2 has on its outer side 2b a predetermined breaking notch 2d extending over both partial legs 2c and running essentially parallel to the connecting edge 12, by means of which the second leg 2 can be easily shortened if particularly thin insulation panels are to be mounted. As can be seen in particular in the rear view of Fig. 4, the leg section 3 also has on its first side 31 a corresponding predetermined breaking notch 3e, which in the end position II is also aligned with the predetermined breaking notches 2d of the two partial legs 2c with respect to their length (see also Fig. 7, end position II). The fixing means shown in Fig. 2 differs from that in Fig. 1 in particular in that the pin-shaped fastening pins 3a arranged on the second side 32 of the pivotable leg section 3 are curved. The curvature essentially corresponds to the circular line described by the pivoting movement of the leg section 3.This allows for particularly simple and gentle pressing of the fastening pins 3a into the edge surface of the insulation board. Additionally, as further shown in Fig. 2, notches can be provided in the pin-shaped fastening pins 3a. This creates a barb effect, which accordingly leads to an improved hold of the fastening pins 3a in the insulation board and prevents them from accidentally slipping out.
[0073] Fig. 3 shows a third embodiment of the fixing means. Here, the four fastening pins 3a are curved and tapered to a point. As a further variant, the curved fastening pins 3a can have a beak-like or claw-like triangular or very flat cross-section (not shown in either case).
[0074] Fig. 4 shows a perspective rear view of the fixing means illustrated in Figs. 1 to 3, wherein the tips of the fastening pins 3a are not shown for reasons of clarity. As can be seen in Fig. 4, the pivotable leg section 3 is in the starting position I and in the opening 13 formed in the first leg 1, so that the leg section 3 is aligned with the first leg 1. As already mentioned, the comparatively simple pivotability of the leg section 3 results from the reduced material thickness in the region of the connecting edge 12 between the first and second legs 1, 2.
[0075] Fig. 5a and b show a fourth embodiment of the fixing means 10 in a perspective front and rear view. As can be seen in Fig. 5b, the pivotable leg section 3 has, on its first side 31, which in the shown starting position I of the leg section 3 is aligned with the outer side 1b of the first leg 1, in addition to the grip notch 3c and predetermined breaking notch 3e, two opposing notches 3d. These serve to lock the pivotable leg section 3 in the end position II by providing two lugs 2e on both sides of the opening 23 between the two partial legs 2c of the second leg 2, which lugs engage in the notches 3d (in the end position II of the pivotable leg section 3).
[0076] Furthermore, the fixing means has a bevel at the connecting edge 12 between the first and second legs 1, 2, as can be seen particularly in Fig. 5b. This serves as an additional predetermined breaking point in case the second leg 2 is to be broken off from the first leg 1 in a controlled manner during installation of the insulation panels 30, which may be necessary in the case of significant unevenness in the substrate.
[0077] The two fastening pins 3a provided on the movable leg section 3 in Fig. 5a can have additional features. Thus, at least one of the fastening pins (for example, on its upper side, comparable to the fastening pins 3a in Fig. 2) can have a notch (not shown) which a craftsman can grip with a fingernail to move the movable leg section. Alternatively, one of the fastening pins 3a can have a small nipple or knob as a gripping element for moving the movable leg section 3 (also not shown). It is understood that these variants are also applicable to the fastening pins 3a of the respective fixing means in Figs. 1 to 3.
[0078] Fig. 6 shows a fixing element for an insulation system for thermal insulation of buildings in a fifth embodiment with an alternative starting position of the leg section in a perspective view. In this embodiment, the pivotable leg section 3 is not aligned with the first leg 1 in the starting position I*. Instead, the pivotable leg section 3 is arranged at an acute angle to the first leg 1 in its starting position I*. Acute angles between approximately 20° and 75°, specifically approximately 30° and 60°, and particularly preferably approximately 45°, are preferably selected. In this case, the leg section 3 can be gripped and pivoted particularly easily. The acute angle to the first leg 1 can also be selected such that the respective tips of the fastening mandrels 3a are aligned with the second leg in the starting position I*.
[0079] Fig. 7 shows part of an insulation system. In this system, an insulation panel 30 is attached to a substrate 40 via an adhesive foam layer 50 and secured in the desired position by (only) one fixing bracket 10. Of the three fixing devices 10 shown, only the right one is in the end position II and thus in the fixing position, while the left one is in the starting position shown in Figs. 1 to 5, and the middle one is in the alternative starting position I* shown in Fig. 6.
Claims
Patents for the 1. Fixing means (10) for fixing an insulation board (30) to a substrate (40) for thermal insulation of buildings, comprising a first leg (1) and a second leg (2) arranged at an angle, in particular at right angles, to the first leg (1) and connected to it at a connecting edge (12), wherein the legs (1, 2) each have an inner side (1a, 2a) facing the respective other leg (2, 1) and an outer side (1b, 2b) opposite the respective inner side (1a, 2a), wherein the first leg (1) is designed to be applied to the substrate (40), and wherein the second leg (2) is designed to be applied to an edge surface (30a) of the insulation board, characterized in that the fixing means (10) comprises at least one movable, in particular pivotable, between the first and second legs (1, 2).Leg section (3) with a first side (31) facing the first leg (1) and a second side (32) facing the second leg (2), wherein the second leg (2) has an opening (23) corresponding to the at least one leg section (3), wherein the at least one leg section (3) is movable, in particular pivotable, into the opening (23), wherein the at least one leg section (3) has on its second side (32) at least one fastening mandrel (3a) for fastening the fixing means (10) to the edge surface (30a) of the insulation board (30).
2. Fixing means (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that the at least one movable leg section (3) is designed to be pivotable about a pivot axis relative to the first and the second leg (1, 2), wherein the pivot axis is arranged in the connecting edge (12) between the first and the second leg (1, 2).
3. Fixing means (10) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the at least one corresponding opening (23) is located inside the second leg (2) is arranged.
4. Fixing means (10) according to claim 3, characterized in that the opening (23) in the second leg (2) corresponding to the at least one leg section (3) is open to the outer edge of the second leg (2), such that the second leg (2) is formed by two parallel partial legs (2c) spaced apart by the opening (23).
5. Fixing means (10) according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the at least one movable leg section (3) is movable, in particular pivotable, from an initial position (I) into an end position (II).
6. Fixing means (10) according to claim 5, characterized in that the second leg (2) has a mechanical stop (23a) for the at least one movable leg section (3) for fixing the end position (II).
7. Fixing means (10) according to claim 6, characterized in that the at least one movable leg section (3) has a recess (3b) corresponding to the mechanical stop (23a), such that the second side (32) of the at least one movable leg section (3) having the at least one fastening mandrel (3a) is aligned with the outer side (2b) of the second leg (2) in the end position (II).
8. Fixing means (10) according to one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that the first leg (1) has a to the at least one movable leg section (3) corresponding opening (13) and which has at least one movable Leg section (3) is arranged in the opening (13) in the starting position (I).
9. Fixing means (10) according to claim 8, characterized in that the at least one movable leg section (3) has a grip notch (3c) at its free end.
10. Fixing means (10) according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that the at least one movable leg section (3) has at least one notch (3d) on its first side (31) facing the first leg (1), into which notch at least one nose (2e) provided on the corresponding opening (23) of the second leg (2) engages for locking the at least one movable leg section (3) in the end position (II) on the second leg (2).
11. Fixing means (10) according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the at least one movable leg section (3) is designed to be pivotable and, in the starting position (I*), protrudes from the first leg (1) at an acute angle, preferably approximately 20° to 75°, especially approximately 30° to 60°, particularly preferably approximately 45°.
12. Fixing means (10) according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the second leg (2) has a predetermined breaking notch (2d) running substantially parallel to the connecting edge (12).
13. Fixing means (10) according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the at least one movable leg section (3) has a predetermined breaking notch (3e).
14. Fixing means (10) according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the connecting edge (12) between the first and second legs (1, 2) is bevelled.
15. Fixing means (10) according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the at least one fastening mandrel (3a) is pin-shaped with a pointed free end or conically tapered.
16. Fixing means (10) according to one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that the at least one movable leg section (3) is designed to be pivotable and the at least one fastening mandrel (3a) is designed to be curved substantially in accordance with the circular line of the pivoting movement.
17. Insulation system, in particular for the thermal insulation of buildings, with at least one insulation panel (30) glued to a substrate (40) by means of an adhesive (50), in particular an adhesive foam, wherein the at least one insulation panel (30) is held in the desired position on the substrate (40) by at least one fixing means (10) provided in addition to the adhesive (50), characterized in that the at least one fixing means (10) is designed according to one of claims 1 to 16.
18. A method for attaching at least one insulation board (30) to a substrate (40), comprising the following steps: - Providing an adhesive (50), in particular an adhesive foam, - applying the adhesive (50) to a surface of the at least one insulation board (30) to be bonded and / or to the substrate (40) to be bonded to the insulation board (30), - bringing the at least one insulation board (30) into contact with the substrate (40), - fixing the insulation board (30) to be bonded to the substrate (40) by means of at least one fixing means (10) according to one of claims 1 to 16, wherein the first leg (1) is fixed to the substrate with its outer side (1a) and the second leg (2) is fixed to an edge surface (30a) of the Insulation board (30) is applied, wherein the at least one leg section (3) of the fixing means (10) is displaced, in particular pivoted, in the direction of the corresponding opening (23) provided in the second leg (2) in such a way that the at least one fastening mandrel (3a) is pressed into the edge surface (30a), wherein the fixing means (10) is fastened to the edge surface (30a) of the insulation board (30).